西安市2022-2023學年高考臨考沖刺英語試卷含解析

1、2022-2023學年高考英語模擬試卷注意事項1考生要認真填寫考場號和座位序號。2試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B 鉛筆作答；第二部分必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。3考試結束后，考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1Where on earth have they gone?I have no idea, but I wish I .AknowBknewCwould knowDwould have known2Rent usually _ up in the summer, when coll

2、ege graduates are moving out of their dormitories and seeking for new places to move in.Awill goBgoesChas goneDwent3-I hear youll cancel all your plans and appointments. Why?-They _ my life. I just cant stop.AcontrolBcontrolledChave controlledDhave been controlling4-Excuse me, would you please _ me

3、some petrol?-Sorry. I have only a little left in my car.Aspare BsaveCshare Dspend5Many universities throughout the world provide scholarships for students _ financial aid.Ain favour ofBin need ofCin face ofDin honour of6To tell the truth, I would rather I _ the pain instead of you. You dont know how

4、 worried I was.AtookBhad takenChave takenDshould have taken7Most students study because its unavoidable. _, there are students who actually enjoy it.AAs a resultBIn additionCIn conclusionDBy contrast8She did not feel a bit nervous though it was the first time she _ in public.AspokeBhave spokenChad s

5、pokenDwere speaking9-Do you think Peter is a good partner?- Not really! There are some things that are not easy to _ , and his laziness is one.Aput aside Bput up withCthink of Dget along with10Under good treatment, many patients are beginning to _ and will soon recover.Aturn up Bcatch upCpick up Dsh

6、ow up11Jess was sad and her friend helped her _ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died.Abreak throughBbreak downCget throughDget rid of12Some people use hand-written letters _ typing because theyre more personal and represent your sincerity.Ain preference to Bin process of Cin reference w

7、ith Din search of13Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job _ her confidence and flexibility.Ain terms of Bin response toCby virtue of Dwith respect to14Whats up? You look down. I have piles of papers _, but I type so slowly.Ato be typed Btyped Cto type Dbeing typed15Th

8、e steamboat was fully furnished with life preservers. The passengers might be saved _ accidents.Ain spite ofBinstead ofCin case ofDin place of16_, his ideas was accepted by all the people at the meeting.AStrange as might it soundBAs it might sound strangeCAs strange it might soundDStrange as it migh

9、t sound17It was reported that as many as 50% of patients do not take medicine _ directed, _ has drawn doctors attention.Awhen; itBas; whatCas; whichDthat; and18The T-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online._？But I promise you well look into it right away.AWho saysBHow comeCWhat forDWhy w

10、orry19-Can you tell us your _ for happiness and a long life？-Living every day to the fullest，definitely.ArecipeBeffortCcontentDdemand20Afghans used to hold big weddings, costing thousands of dollars, in a county _ the average annual income is less than $400. Awhich Bwhose Cwhere Dwhat第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分

11、）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分） Measles(麻疹) is only found in human beings. There is a highly effective and safe vaccine(疫苗) for the disease. So, in theory, measles could be destroyed.Yet the number of measles cases is on the rise.The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that, in the firs

12、t three months of 3, the number of cases is three times higher than it was last year. Africa alone has had a 700 percent increase compared to last year.The Democratic Republic of Congo reported 67,000 measles cases and 901 measles-related deaths in 38. This year, WHO officials have noted more than 4

13、0,000 suspected measles cases in the country. That number includes 284 measles-related deaths in the first weeks of 3. Between September 38 and February 3, Madagascar reported over 67,000 measles cases, including 828 deaths.Dr. Fauci, who directs the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Dise

14、ase in the USA, said thatone in 10 children who get infected with measles will get an ear infection that could cause deafness. One in 2 would get pneumonia. One in a thousand would get brain swelling, and one to three per thousand would die. To say that measles is a slight disease is completely inco

15、rrect.Walter Orenstein is with the Emory University Vaccine Center in Atlanta, Georgia. He has spent his life working to end measles. Orenstein says possible effects of the disease are worse in poor countries. In those countries children are already at greater risk. They may be malnourished(營養(yǎng)不良的).

16、They may have damaged immune systems. They may be underweight and may have no access to health care so measles is a big killer, he said.You have a 90 percent chance of getting measles if you have not been vaccinated and you come in contact with someone who has it. Dr. Rebecca Martin is the Director

17、of the Center for Global Health at theU.S. Centers for Disease Control. She is working to remove measles from Africa completely. It is very infectious. It will find nearly everybody who is not protected against measles, Martin said.Health experts advise patients to get two treatments of the measles

18、vaccine. U.S. health officials say educating parents about both the disease and the vaccine is an important step in stopping the spread. Equally important is making vaccination a top goal of health systems worldwide.1、The writer shows the sharp increase in measles cases by .Agiving examplesBlisting

19、figuresCanalyzing causesDfollowing time order2、The following are the possible results of measles except .Aan ear infectionBpneumoniaCbrain swellingDbeing underweight3、What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?AYou are sure to get measles if you have not been vaccinated.BIt is safe to come in co

20、ntact with someone who has measles.CParents should be educated about both the disease and the vaccine.DMaking vaccination a goal of health systems is only necessary in Africa.4、The purpose of the text is to .Ashow the serious situation of measlesBprove measles could be destroyedCdescribe the result

21、of the research on measlesDwarn us of the causes of measles22（8分）It is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth.” The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its wat

22、ers, you will not age. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American state of Florida.Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging pro

23、cess. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus.The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body. Cai Dongsheng, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, found that hypothalamus stem cells in

24、fluence how fast aging takes place in the body as well. He also reported that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body.“So when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost, it eventually

25、leads to aging.”Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) or energize the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. They did this by injecting (注射) the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in t

26、he strength of the animals muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive (認知) ability of the mice.The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals. Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live lo

27、nger.These findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat any number of health issues concerning aging problems. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? This is the question Cai and his team are thinking about.1、What did Juan Ponce de Leon find

28、?AThe American state of Florida.BMagical powers.CA Fountain of youth.DA way to stop the aging process.2、What do we know about the hypothalamus?AIt is located in the eyes.BIt starts aging due to the increase of its stem cells.CIt plays a key role in controlling the aging process.DIt functions well wh

29、en the body starts aging.3、What did the researchers do during the experiment?AThey strengthened the muscles of the mice.BThey examined tissues and tested the behaviour of mice.CThey injected the stem cells into the younger mice.DThey changed the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice.4、Wh

30、at would the researchers probably do next?AInject stem cells of mice into humans.BResearch on the cognitive psychology.CHelp the mice live longer.DSee if anti-aging effects also work in human beings.23（8分） American families are accustomed to settling in faraway places, which has been a national phen

31、omenon. Decades of data, including a more recent Gallup study, characterizes the US as one of the most geographically mobile countries in the world. “About one in four US adults(24 percent) has reported moving within the country in the past five years.” the reported noted. With the exception of Finn

32、s(23 percent) and Norwegians(22 percent), Americans move considerably more than their European peers.Though some may move for love or family, the major reason why Americans choose to move around is, unsurprisingly, related to work. Citing data from the Current Population Survey, a post on the blog o

33、f the New York Fed noted that between 1998 and 2013, “slightly more than half of interstate(州際的) migrants said they moved for employmentrelated reasonsa category that includes moves undertaken for new jobs, job transfers, and easier commutes(通勤).”The seeking of opportunity, particularly for an immig

34、rant nation, is a national mythology(神話) as well as an emotional attachment to work. A new working paper analyzed by Ben Steverman at Bloomberg suggests that workers in the US now “put in almost 25 percent more hours than Europeans” in a given year. This figure has steadily risen since the 1970s, wh

35、en the hours logged by workers in Western Europe and the US were roughly the same.There are, of course, some internal factors. The US is much vaster than most European countries, plus it boasts(擁有) a common language. It is considered to be a sign of an efficient labor market that US workers can be p

36、ersuaded to move to regions where there is a steady growth in jobs, such as the Sun Belt in recent years. And while American workers often have fewer labor protections than their European counterparts, as a report by the World Bank noted in 2012, American “l(fā)abor laws give employers the power to fire

37、, hire, or relocate(重新安置) workers according to their needs”， a flexibility that is thought to aid economic growth. The World Band report added that the occupation of the average US employee in 2006 was 4 years, compared to 10 years in the European Union.Nevertheless, while Americans remain excessive

38、ly mobile, FaithKarahan and Darious Li at the New York Fed are the latest to note that US workers are moving around less than before. During the 1980s, 3 percent of workingage Americans relocated to a different state each year; that figure had been cut in half by 2010. “While part of the decline can

39、 be attributed to the Great Recession，” the authors suggest, “this_phenomenon took place over the course of several decades and is not necessarily related to the economic conditions.”So what accounts for this phenomenon? A roundup of theories by Brad Plumer at The Washington Post included the aging

40、of the US workforce, the further rise of twoincome households, the burdens of real estate, evolving workplace culture, as well as the flat line of wages, which makes moving away for a job, on average, a less rewarding financial proposition.Karahan and Li put much stock in the effects of an aging wor

41、kforce, to which they attribute at least half of the decline in interstate migration. “In short, a young individual today is moving less than a young person did in the 1980s because of the higher presence of older workers，” they write, suggesting that employers have shifted their employment tactics(

42、策略) to adapt to the changing demographics(人口統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)) of the workforce. Needless to say, movies about this era in American life, in which fewer people set out to start lives in wideranging places, will probably be much less exciting.1、According to the passage, in the past five years, Americans have move

43、d _.Arelatively less than the BritishBless frequently than ItaliansCslightly more than NorwegiansDconsiderably more than Finns2、What can we infer from Paragraphs 2 and 3?AAmericans choose to move mainly for work and family.BAmericans have a very strong interest in work.CAmericans invested more time

44、in work than Europeans in 1975.DAmericans tended to move to Europe between 1998 and 2013.3、Which of the following is NOT the reason why American workers move more than their European peers?AThere is a common language in the US.BThe US is much vaster than most European countries.CAmerican labor laws

45、give employers more freedom to deal with them.DThey are offered more efficient labor protections.4、The underlined part “this phenomenon” in Paragraph 5 refers to _.Athe Great RecessionBthe decline of workingage Americans interstate migrationCthe reduction in the number of workingage AmericansDAmeric

46、ans tendency to remain mobile5、How do American employers deal with the aging workforce according to the passage?ABy sticking to their previous policies.BBy adjusting to it.CBy improving their employees job skills.DBy raising employment standard.6、As to the current situation of Americans migration, t

47、he author might feel _.AcuriousBstrangeCconfusedDdisappointed24（8分） Plants are boring. They just sit there photosynthesizing （光合作用） while animals have all the fun. Right? Not so much. A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants. The ant and plant co-evo

48、lution （協(xié)同進化） started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving ant-friendly features.Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use. Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mmml. h nlud hollow

49、 thorns that nt will live nd, or tra ntr (瓊漿) n lv or stems for the ants to eat. Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich

50、 food packets attached to the seeds. The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed - often in a nutrient-rich area where itll grow better, and since its farther away from its parent, they wont have to compete for resources.But scientists werent sure how the

51、 evolutionary relationship between ants and plants got started. If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbors, then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot. It was a chicken-and-egg question, whether things started with ants

52、 developing behaviors to take advantage of plants, or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants.The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs, and its not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot. However, it is a question of little sign

53、ificance. Scientists say their study maters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved.1、Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to .Areward the antsBmake a fool of antsCprovide nutrition for the seedsDget the seeds moved around2、What does Par

54、agraph 2 mainly tell us?AHow plants and ants interact.BWhat ants do to protect plants.CHow plants and ants survive attacks.DWhy plants and ants need co-evolution.3、Which is true about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants?AAnts depended more upon plants.BIt caused a race for better e

55、volution.CHow it got started was uncertain.DIt was of little value for future studies.4、Whats the authors purpose of writing the passage?ATo introduce a science research method.BTo inform readers of a latest research findingCTo arouse readers interest in science research.DTo criticize peoples tradit

56、ional views about plants.25（10分） Barcelonas famous Segrada Familia is finally set to get a building licence, 137 years after work on the still uncompleted church began.Construction on the UNESCO World Heritage basilica(長方形基督教堂), which is Barcelonas most visited tourist attraction, began in 1882 base

57、d on a design by architect Francisco Lozano. However, when he stepped down, architect Antoni Gaudi took over the design in 1883. The building wont be finished until 2026-one hundred years after the architect was killed by a streetcar in the city. His body was buried in a room under the floor of the

58、Sagrada Familia.To get its paperwork rubber stamped, the church authorities have agreed to finally pay the government a36 million fee for a building permit. Gaudi was told to get the paperwork processed, but the architect failed to do soproceeding with construction regardless. The money from the chu

59、rchs permit will be used to upgrade transport links and beautify the area. Gaudi and his works have become symbols of Barcelona, the capital city of Catalonia, northeast Spain.Gaudi played an active role in directing the construction of the Sagrada Familia until his death in 1926. He would often req

60、uest that work be modified and adjusted until it was exactly what he had in mind. However, interpretation of the designs by present day architects is particularly challenging because of the nature of the existing designs.The unfinished building is called a masterpiece of Gothic architecture and it i