2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題08閱讀理解之科技發(fā)展類含解析

1、2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題08閱讀理解之科技發(fā)展類含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題08閱讀理解之科技發(fā)展類含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型突擊專題08閱讀理解之科技發(fā)展類含解析專題08 科技發(fā)展類序號(hào)內(nèi)容Part 1題型總覽題型綜述 技巧點(diǎn)撥 讀相關(guān)詞Part 2真題感悟真題詳解 強(qiáng)重難詞 析長(zhǎng)難句.Part 3專題強(qiáng)化真題自測(cè) 新題模擬Part 1題型總覽【題型綜述】“科技發(fā)展”是高中新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)話題之一。該話題包括各領(lǐng)域最新科技知識(shí)、最新發(fā)明創(chuàng)造等方面。文章思想性和時(shí)代感強(qiáng)，題材涉及發(fā)明創(chuàng)造、科技創(chuàng)新、科技與生活、科學(xué)研究等。文章體裁一般為說明文，語篇主要來源于英

2、美主流報(bào)刊、雜志和網(wǎng)站，文章的遣詞造句地道，思維邏輯獨(dú)具英語語言的特點(diǎn).這些文章和題目不僅能讓考生體會(huì)到科學(xué)的無限趣味和實(shí)際功用，而且促使考生深入思考科技創(chuàng)新在人類生活和發(fā)展過程中起到的重要作用. 【技巧點(diǎn)撥】科普類文章的理論性和邏輯性強(qiáng)、篇幅長(zhǎng)、生詞多、句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。文本結(jié)構(gòu)一般包括五個(gè)部分:標(biāo)題（headline)、導(dǎo)語（introduction）、背景（background）、主干（main body)和結(jié)尾(ending)。標(biāo)題高度精辟地概括文章中心思想.高考中科普類閱讀理解一般不給標(biāo)題，反而經(jīng)常要求考生選擇最佳標(biāo)題。導(dǎo)語一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景則交代研究的起因或者問題現(xiàn)狀。主干部

3、分介紹研究所取得的突破，作者往往會(huì)詳細(xì)介紹研究的理論構(gòu)架、研究對(duì)象、研究方法、具體的實(shí)驗(yàn)、統(tǒng)計(jì)等過程.結(jié)尾通常會(huì)再次對(duì)中心進(jìn)行概括、重述研究成果、后續(xù)研究的方向等，與導(dǎo)語相呼應(yīng)。另外，諳熟選項(xiàng)設(shè)置規(guī)律，對(duì)比原文去偽存真。掌握選項(xiàng)設(shè)置的規(guī)律對(duì)甄別正確選項(xiàng)大有幫助。一般說來，正確選項(xiàng)為文中內(nèi)容的“同義替換”或者“歸納概括”。而干擾項(xiàng)分為“張冠李戴”、“偷梁換柱”、“無中生有”和“以偏概全”四種類型?！咀x相關(guān)詞】accessible adj.易接近的；可得到的automatic adj。 自動(dòng)的breakthrough n. 重大進(jìn)展；突破digital adj。 數(shù)字的；數(shù)碼的privilege

4、n. 特權(quán)；特殊待遇procedure n。 程序;手續(xù)revolution n. 革命drawback n. 缺點(diǎn);不利條件transform v. 改造；改革；變換；改變laptop n。 筆記本電腦system n。 系統(tǒng)；體系monitor n。 監(jiān)視器;顯示屏data n. 數(shù)據(jù),資料download n& vt. 下載astronaut n. 宇航員astronomer n。 天文學(xué)家atmosphere n。 大氣,大氣層astronomy n. 天文學(xué)discovery n發(fā)現(xiàn)experiment n。 實(shí)驗(yàn)technology n。 科技advanced adj. 高級(jí)的。h

5、ightech adj 高科技的systematic adj。 有系統(tǒng)的，有計(jì)劃有步驟的indicate v. 表明represent v。 正式 描繪，展現(xiàn)mobile payment 移動(dòng)支付Electronic Toll Collection 全自動(dòng)電子收費(fèi)RFID：radio frequency identification devices 無線電射頻標(biāo)識(shí)、電子標(biāo)簽sensor network 由傳感器組成的傳感網(wǎng)cloud computing 云計(jì)算readout 數(shù)字讀出transplant n。 vt。 移植.cyberspace n。 網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間WeChat n. 微信manne

6、d spaceship/spacecraft 載人飛船artificial intelligence 人工智能be equipped with 裝備，配備on a large scale 大規(guī)模地potential adj.潛在的;可能的artificial adj。人工的；人造的have an impact/effect on對(duì)有影響be available to 供使用put forward 提出be suitable for 適合to a certain degree 在某種程度上surf the Internet 上網(wǎng)瀏覽信息have access to/be accessible t

7、o 能使用with the development of science and technology隨著科技的發(fā)展chat online 在線聊天make e。friends 交網(wǎng)友keep in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系make a great difference 起很大作用change ones life 改變某人的生活benefit from 。. 得益于，從獲益relate to/be linked to 與有關(guān)聯(lián)take the place of 代替devote oneself to 致力于come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)keep/catch up with 趕上be diff

8、erent from/differ from 與不同enable sb. to do sth。 使某人能做某事take sth. into consideration 把某事考慮進(jìn)去lead to/contribute to/result in/bring about 導(dǎo)致play an important role in 在某方面起重要作用improve the quality of life for humans提高人們的生活質(zhì)量be addicted to 對(duì)上癮distract ones attention 分散某人的注意力electric books 電子讀物text message

9、 手機(jī)短信 Part 2真題感悟Passage 1【真題詳解】【2020天津】For people, who are interested in sound， the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with

10、 professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.Sound can be used as a weapon。 Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief。 The thief tries to escape. And the officer cant let him get away。 He pulls out a special device， points it at the suspect, and

11、switches it on。 The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD， 遠(yuǎn)程定向聲波發(fā)射器）. It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that perso

12、n， but it is not deadly.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet， sound can now create silence。 Lets say you are at the airport, and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming（哼唱） a short commercial song。 He hums it over and over again， and you are about to go crazy。 Thanks to the Silenc

13、e Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works。 Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves。 The two sets of waves cancel each other ou

14、t. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target， and your peace and quiet comes back。Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光燈) are used in the theater。 A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound” crea

15、tes a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers。 Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere i

16、n which they are dining。 Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes。46What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD？AIt causes temporary hearing loss.BIt slows down a running man。CIt makes it easy to identify a suspect。DIt keeps the suspec

17、t from hurting others.47The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to _.Asilence the people around youBremove the sound of commercialsCblock the incoming sound wavesDstop unwanted sound from affecting you48What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share？AThey travel in circles。BThey clear th

18、e atmosphere.CThey can be transformed into energy。DThey can be directed onto a specific area.49Directed sound can be used for _.Acreative designs of restaurant menusBideal sound effects on the theater stageCdifferent choices of music for businessesDstrict control over any suspicious customer50What d

19、oes the passage focus on?AHow professionals invented sound products。BInventions in the field of sound technology.CThe growing interest in the study of sound。DHow sound engineers work in their studios.【答案】46A47D48D49C50B【解析】這是一篇說明文.文章主要介紹了一些聲音技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造,包括聲音可以用作武器的遠(yuǎn)程聲學(xué)設(shè)備、用來阻止有害聲音影響你的靜音機(jī)以及定向音響技術(shù)。46推理判斷

20、題.根據(jù)第二段中的”It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person。 The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person， but it is not deadly。”可知它發(fā)出震耳欲聾的聲音,這種聲音令人如此痛苦以至于它會(huì)使人暫時(shí)喪失能力。LRAD發(fā)出的噪音像光線一樣被引導(dǎo)，只進(jìn)入那個(gè)人的耳朵,但不會(huì)致命。由此可推知，LRAD會(huì)導(dǎo)致暫

21、時(shí)性聽力損失。故選A。47細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段中的”Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out。 Simply turn the machine on point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back?？芍?，它的功能是通過分析傳入聲音的波，并產(chǎn)生第二組傳出的波。這兩

22、組波會(huì)相互抵消。只要打開機(jī)器對(duì)準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)，你的寧靜就會(huì)回來。由此可知,靜音機(jī)是一種專門設(shè)計(jì)用來阻止有害聲音影響你的設(shè)備。故選D。48細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的”A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage； similarly, a “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.”可知，聚光燈只能照亮舞臺(tái)的一個(gè)部分；類似地,一個(gè)”spotsound”在一個(gè)目標(biāo)區(qū)域創(chuàng)建一個(gè)聲音圈.由此可知,spotsounds和聚光燈的共同特性是它們可以被定向到一個(gè)特定的區(qū)域,故選D。49

23、細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的”A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage； similarly，”spotsound creates a circle of sound in on targeted area。 This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with

24、the various food choice on the menu， allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining?！笨芍?，聚光燈只能照亮舞臺(tái)的一個(gè)部分；類似地，一個(gè)spotsound在一個(gè)目標(biāo)區(qū)域創(chuàng)建一個(gè)聲音圈。這對(duì)餐館和商店等企業(yè)很有用，因?yàn)樗峁┝艘环N吸引顧客的新方式。餐廳可以提供音樂選擇與菜單上的各種食物選擇，讓顧客更多地控制氣氛,在他們用餐。由此可知,定向音響可以用于不同的商業(yè)音樂選擇。故選C。50主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的”In the past, sound engin

25、eers worked in the back rooms of recording studios， but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.”可知，在過去，音響工程師在錄音室的后室工作，但今天的許多音響專業(yè)人士正在與其他領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人士分享他們的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以我們所謂的聲音現(xiàn)象為基

26、礎(chǔ)創(chuàng)造新產(chǎn)品。結(jié)合下文具體內(nèi)容可知，本文著重論述了聲音技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造。故選B。【強(qiáng)重難詞】definitely adv。 清楚地，當(dāng)然;明確地，肯定地professional adj。 專業(yè)的；職業(yè)的；職業(yè)性的phenomenon n。 現(xiàn)象；奇跡；杰出的人才chase vt。 追逐；追捕vi. 追逐;追趕；奔跑suspect_v。 懷疑；猜想n。 嫌疑犯deafen vt。 使聾；淹沒temporarily adv. 臨時(shí)地，臨時(shí)commercial adj。 商業(yè)的;營(yíng)利的；靠廣告收入的analyze vt. 對(duì)進(jìn)行分析，分解（等于analysein other fields 在其他領(lǐng)

27、域let get away 讓離開pull out 離開,撤離；拔出；渡過難關(guān);恢復(fù)健康；折疊的大張插頁;飛機(jī)進(jìn)場(chǎng)重新飛起switch on 接通，開啟drop to the ground。 倒在地上;臥倒go crazy 發(fā)瘋；瘋狂【析長(zhǎng)難句】1. In the past， sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios， but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professiona

28、ls in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound。【解析】本句包含由but連接的兩個(gè)并列分句。第一個(gè)分句為簡(jiǎn)單句;第二個(gè)分句為一個(gè)復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句。第二個(gè)分句使用了sharewith這一固定結(jié)構(gòu),動(dòng)詞不定式短語to create new products做目的狀語,過去分詞短語based on the phenomenon做定語，定語從句we call sound修飾the phenomenon?！咀g文】在過去，聲音工程師在錄音室的密室里工作，但今天的許多聲音專業(yè)人士正在與其他領(lǐng)域的專

29、業(yè)人士分享他們的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn),以我們稱之為聲音現(xiàn)象的基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)造新產(chǎn)品?！痉聦憽縚2.Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights(聚光燈) are used in the theater. 【解析】本句中的that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights（聚光燈) are used in the theater.是定語從句,修飾a new technolog

30、y。 【譯文】定向聲音是一項(xiàng)新技術(shù)，它可以讓公司像在劇院使用聚光燈一樣使用聲音。【仿寫】_3。 Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu， allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining。 【解析】allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining是現(xiàn)在分詞

31、短語做結(jié)果狀語。 【譯文】餐廳可以提供音樂和菜單上的各種食物選擇，讓顧客更多地控制他們用餐的氛圍。【仿寫】_Passage 2【真題詳解】【2019全國(guó)卷1】 As data and identity theft becomes more and more common， the market is growing for biometric(生物測(cè)量) technologies-like fingerprint scansto keep others out of private espaces。 At present， these technologies are still expens

32、ive， though。Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(裝置） that gets around this problem： a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（節(jié)奏） with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong l

33、ayer of security by analyzing things like the force of a users typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person。 Thus， the keyboard can determine peoples identities， and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of w

34、hether someone gets the password right.It also doesnt require a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently。In a study describing the technology， the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch” four times using th

35、e smart keyboard。 Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates。 The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive， plasticlike parts。 The tea

36、m hopes to make it to market in the near future。1Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard？ATo reduce pressure on keys。BTo improve accuracy in typing。CTo replace the password system.DTo cut the cost of e-space protection.2What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?AComputers are

37、 much easier to operate。BFingerprint scanning techniques develop fast。CTyping patterns vary from person to person。DData security measures are guaranteed。3What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？AItll be environmentfriendly.BItll reach consumers soon。CItll be made of plastics。DItll help

38、speed up typing.4Where is this text most likely from?AA diaryBA guidebookCA novel。DA magazine【答案】14 DCBD文章大意:主題：人與社會(huì)(科學(xué)與技術(shù));話題：智能鍵盤.本文是一篇科研報(bào)道。來自佐治亞理工學(xué)院的研究人員發(fā)明了一種智能鍵盤,可以通過分析用戶的打字模式來判斷該用戶是不是安全訪客。1D解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device that get

39、s around this problem: a smart keyboard?！币约暗谝欢巫詈笠痪洹癆t present,these technologies are still expensive,though?？赏浦芯空哐邪l(fā)這種智能鍵盤是為了降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全保護(hù)技術(shù)的成本。注意題干、正確選項(xiàng)以及原文中一些詞匯的多次呼應(yīng)現(xiàn)象：develop與come up with是同義詞，expensive與lowcost是反義詞，cut the cost與lowcost相呼應(yīng)。2C解析：推理判斷題。題干問的是“是什么讓智能鍵盤的發(fā)明成為可能”,也就是問這一發(fā)明的核心依據(jù)是什么.根據(jù)第二段中的“Thes

40、e patterns are unique to each person.Thus，the keyboard can determine peoples identities。.。”可知,正是因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人的打字模式不同，這種智能鍵盤就可以通過分析用戶的打字力度及節(jié)奏等來判斷該用戶是不是安全訪客,故C項(xiàng)符合題意.解答該題的關(guān)鍵是看懂題干的意思,即智能鍵盤的核心依據(jù)是什么.3B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干“研究者對(duì)于智能鍵盤有什么期望可直接定位到最后一段的最后一句話“The team hopes to make it to market in the near future。，該團(tuán)隊(duì)希望在不久的將來將

41、智能鍵盤推向市場(chǎng)，故選B項(xiàng)。注意：題干中的expect與原文中的hope呼應(yīng),答案選項(xiàng)中的consumers與原文中的market呼應(yīng)。4D解析:文章出處題。根據(jù)本文的話題“智能鍵盤以及第二段中的“Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device.?！?，尤其是其中的關(guān)鍵詞researchers，lowcost device等來推斷,這篇文章是一篇科研報(bào)道，最有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上.【強(qiáng)重難詞】identity n。 身份；同一性，一致;特性theft n。 盜竊;偷；贓物fingerprin

42、t n。 指紋；手印precisely adv。 精確地；恰恰layer n。 層，層次；膜；植壓條；放置者，計(jì)劃者securityn. 安全;保證；證券;抵押品analyze vt。 對(duì)進(jìn)行分析，分解（等于analyse） unique adj。 獨(dú)特的,稀罕的；數(shù) 唯一的，獨(dú)一無二的participant n. 參與者，參加者_(dá)straightforward adj。 簡(jiǎn)單的；坦率的；明確的；徑直的 commercialize vt。 使商業(yè)化；使商品化be unique to .。 對(duì)。.。.。來說是獨(dú)特的by extension相關(guān)地；引申開來give access to .。. 接見

43、；進(jìn)入 【析長(zhǎng)難句】1. As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric（生物測(cè)量） technologieslike fingerprint scans-to keep others out of private e-spaces。 【解析】本句為主從復(fù)合句。As引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句；不定式短語to keep others out of private espaces.做目的狀語?！咀g文】隨著數(shù)據(jù)和身份盜竊變得越來越普遍,為了阻止他人進(jìn)入私人的電子空間,像指紋

44、掃描這種生物測(cè)量技術(shù)的市場(chǎng)正在興起。.【仿寫】_2。 Thus, the keyboard can determine peoples identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer its connected toregardless of whether someone gets the password right。【解析】句中的whether they should be given a做determine的賓語，第二個(gè)whether someone gets the p

45、assword right。做regardless of的賓語?！咀g文】因此，鍵盤可以決定一個(gè)人的身份,進(jìn)而決定他們是否應(yīng)該被允許訪問所連接的計(jì)算機(jī)，而不管某人是否獲得了正確的密碼.【仿寫】_3。 Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a lowcost device（裝置） that gets around this problem： a smart keyboard.【解析】本句為主從復(fù)合句，第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句；第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語從句?！咀g文】佐治亞理工學(xué)院的研究人員說，他們已經(jīng)發(fā)明了低成本解

46、決這個(gè)問題的設(shè)備:智能鍵盤。【仿寫】_Part 3專題強(qiáng)化Passage 1【真題自測(cè)】【2018全國(guó)卷1】We may think were a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new， but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (裝置） well after they go out of style. Thats bad news for the environment and

47、our wallets as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product thr

48、oughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device。 This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation。 Desktop computers， basic mobile phones， and box-set TVs defined 1992。 Digital cameras arri

49、ved on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones， and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002， before tablets and ereaders showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however， we didnt throw out our old ones。 “The livingroom television is replaced and gets planted in the kids room， and suddenly o

50、ne day， you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007。 Were not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitts team， old desktop monitors and b

51、ox TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So whats the solution (解決方案)? The teams data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen

52、 if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function， such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the

53、author think of new devices?A。 They are environment-friendly.B。 They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D。 They go out of style quickly. 33。 Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A。 To reduce the cost of minerals。 B. To test the life cycle of a product。C。 To update cons

54、umers on new technology。D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A。 The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C。 The LCD TV。D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A。 Stop using them.B。 Take them a

55、part. C。 Upgrade them.D。 Recycle them. 【答案】32-35 ADBA【文章大意】本文是一篇科普說明文。文章講述了新舊電子設(shè)備的差別，舊電子設(shè)備耗能高、不環(huán)保。所以作者主張使用新電子設(shè)備。33.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)文章第二段中的To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmen

56、tal costs for each product throughout its life可知,Babbitts team研究的目的是弄清楚這些設(shè)備用了多少電。故選D.34.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章最后一段中的They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44.可知,平板電腦是耗能最少的電子設(shè)備，可以降低44%的耗能。故選B.35.A 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的整

57、體內(nèi)容可知，因?yàn)榕f的電子設(shè)備耗能高，不環(huán)保。所以作者建議停止使用舊的電子設(shè)備。故選A.Passage 2【真題】【2018天津卷】 Theres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook， and serve foods on a mass scale。 And the industry isnt stopping there.Food productionWith a

58、 3D printer, a cook can print complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake。 Not everybody can do that - it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly t

59、he same，” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant， all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table。Sustainability(可持續(xù)性）The global population is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050， and some analysts estimate that food production will need t

60、o be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels。 Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids （水解膠體) from plentiful renewables like algae(藻類) and grass to replace the familiar ingredient