英語時態(tài)語態(tài)(完整精編版)

1、主備人：楊麗霞李霞時態(tài)語態(tài)一般進行完成完成進行現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去一般過去式過去進行時過去完成時過去完成進仃時將來一般將來時將來進行時將來完成時將來完成進仃時過去將來過去將來時過去將來進行時過去將來完成時過去將來完成進行時一、一般現(xiàn)在時(TheSimplePresentTense)1、結構1)(Active)do/does2)(Passive)am/is/aredone2、主要用法表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作和存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.Ioftencometoschoolearly.表示主語的特征，性格和能力。e.g.Heisanengineer.Helooksyoung.表示

2、客觀事實，或普遍真理。e.g.Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。在時間，條件狀語從句中表示將來的動作(主將從現(xiàn))。e.g.Itellhimaboutitwhenhereturnshome.表示按時刻表計劃或安排好的動作。e.g.Iwillfindoutwhenthetrainleaves.TheplaneforSanFranciscotakesoffatthreep.m.3、與一般現(xiàn)在時連用的時間狀語：everyday,always,usually,often,sometimes,

3、onceaweek等.e.g.Igotothecinemaonceaweek.e.g.Sometimesweworkuntiltwelveoclock.4、主動變被動(bedone)-Doyouoftencleanyourroom?-Yes,myroom_isoftencleaned.PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries.Englishisspokeninmanycountries.二、一般過去時(TheSimplePastTense)1、結構(Active)did(Passive)was/weredone2、主要用法表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)。e.g.Iwenttos

4、eemyfriendsyesterday.表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作，也可用：usedto+v.或would+v.e.g.Heusedtohavetwobrothers.e.g.Whenhewasfree,hewouldgoandhelpothers.e.g.Iwenttoschoolbybike.3、一般過去時常與這些時間狀語連用：yesterday,in1960,twoyears/weeksago,lastmonth,theotherday,justnow,atthattime,etc.e.g.Ihappenedtomeethiminthestreettheotherday.4

5、、主動變被動(was/weredone)Thetigerinthezoofrightenedthelittlegirl.Thelittlegirlwas_frightenedbythetigerinthezoo.Theygavehimamedalforhiswonderfulwork.Hewasgivenamedalforhiswonderfulwork.三、一般將來時(TheSimpleFutureTense)1、結構1)(Active)will/shalldo2)(Passive)will/shallbedone2、主要用法表示將來的動作和狀態(tài)。e.g.Thefarmerswillbegi

6、ntopickapplesnextmonth.e.g.Hewillcometoseeustomorrow.e.g.Ishallbe18yearsoldnextyear.表示將來的其他用法：vlbegoingto+v.表示打算、準備做的事，或根據(jù)跡象表明即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事。e.g.Howareyougoingtospendyourholidays?Itsgoingtosnow.Theresgoingtobealotoftroubleaboutthis.beaboutto+v表示即刻要發(fā)生的動作。(不與具體時間狀語連用)*beabouttodo.when正要.這時.e.g.Iwasabout

7、togoswimmingwhenitrained.beto+v.表示安排或計劃好的動作。e.g.Anewhospitalistobebuiltinourdistrict.Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatfiveoclockthisafternoon.v4現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來(bedoing)。常用的動詞有：leave,go,come,arrive,start,stay,etc.e.g.Myuncleisarrivingat3:30p.m.tomorrow.3、一般將來時常與這些時間狀語連用：tomorrow,nextweek,inamoment(立刻；馬上),inthef

8、uture,in2050,etc.e.g.-Howsoonwillhebeback?-Hewillbebackintwoweeks.4、主動變被動(willbedone)1)Peoplewilllaughatyouifyouwearthatdress.Youwillbelaughedatifyouwearthatdress.2)TheywontholdthemeetinguntilnextFriday.ThemeetingwontbeheldlilnextFriday.四、過去將來時(ThePastFutureTense)1、結構1)(Active)would/shoulddo2)(Passi

9、ve)would/shouldbedone2、用法說明不能獨立使用，通常用在賓語從句中,表示從過去某一點看，在將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.HetoldmethathewouldgotoBeijingthenextmonth.AtthattimeIdidnotknowifhewouldbeabletofinishtheworkontime.3、主動變被動(would/shouldbedone)e.g.Hesaidthebridgewouldbebuiltnextyear.五、現(xiàn)在進行時(ThePresentContinuousTense)1、結構(Active)is/am/aredoin

10、g(Passive)is/am/arebeingdone2、主要用法表示說話的時刻正在進行的動作。e.g.-Whataretheydoing?-Theyareplayinginthegarden.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，盡管此刻這個動作可能并不在進行。e.g.Themanageristypinghislettersthesedays.Sheisworkinginabookshop.現(xiàn)在進行時用來表示將來，即表示按計劃或安排在最近將要進行的動作。這種用法僅限于少數(shù)表示動作的動詞，如arrive,come,go,have,leave,start,stay等。e.g.Howlongareyoust

11、ayinginXian?你將在西安呆多久？WerehavingaholidaynextMonday.我們將在下星期一放假?，F(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)如果同副詞always,constantly,continually等連用，常表示說話人的感情色彩，帶有褒或貶的語氣。e.g.HeisalwayshelpingmewithmyEnglish.(稱贊)Sheisconstantlycominglate.她老遲到。(不滿)3、常用時間狀語:now,look,listen.4、注意*下列動詞不能用進行時態(tài)：感官類:see,hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,seem,appear感覺類

12、:hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive存在類:be,exist,remain,stay,obtain占有從屬類:have,possess,own,contain,belong,consistof認知類:understand,know,believe,think,doubt,forget,remembere.g.Iloveourgreatmotherland.Theflowersmellssweet.5、主動變被動(is/am/arebeingdone)e.g.Thequestionisbeingdiscussedatthemee

13、ting.Thepatientisbeingcarriedtotheoperatingroom.六、過去進行時(ThePastContinuousTense)1、結構(Active)was/weredoing(Passive)was/werebeingdone2、主要用法表示過去某一時刻正在進行的動作。e.g.Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?Iwaswritingaletterwhenshecamein.表示過去某一階段正在進行的動作。e.g.Inthoseyears,wewerehavingahardtime.表示剛才的情況。e.g.-Canyougive

14、metherightanswer?-Sorry,IwasntlistenWouldyoupleaserepeatthatquestion?3、常用的時間狀語：atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,then等。4、主動變被動(was/werebeingdone)e.g.Theroomwasbeingcleanedatthattime.Theinjuredplayerwasbeingcarriedoffthefield.七、將來進行時(TheFutureContinuousTense)1、結構(Active)will/shallbedoing(Passive)無2、主要用法

15、表示將來某一時刻正在進行的動作。e.g.Iwillbewatchingthesunriseatthetopofmountainthistimetomorrow.將來進行時也可表示委婉、客氣。e.g.Ifyouwillbewantinganything,justletmeknow.八、現(xiàn)在完成時(ThePresentPerfectTense)1、結構(Active)have/hasdone(Passive)have/hasbeendone2、主要用法表示發(fā)生在過去的動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成，或剛剛完成，強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響。e.g.Hehasfinishedreadingthebooktoday.

16、TherehavebeengreatchangesinBeijinginthepasttwentyyears.表示發(fā)生在過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。e.g.Theconferencehaslastedforfivedays.Wehaveknowneachothersincewewerechildren.*注意事項：瞬間動作的肯定式一般不可與表示一段時間的狀語一起用于現(xiàn)在完成時。e.g.Hehascomeherefortwodays.XHehasbeenherefortwodays.VItistwodayssincehecamehere.VHecameheretwodaysago.V3、現(xiàn)在完成時

17、常與這些時間狀語連用：already,not.yet,threetimes,lately,just,Itisthefirst/second/thirdtimethat.,before,inrecentyears,since,fortwoyears,in/duringthepastfewyears,sofar,upto/tillnowe.g.Inthepasttwentyyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinChina.4、主動變被動(has/havebeendone)e.g.Thedocumentshavebeenprepared.Sofarfivebooksha

18、vebeenwrittenbyMary.H穩(wěn)九、過去完成時(ThePastPerfectTense)1、結構(Active)haddone(Passive)hadbeendone2、主要用法表示過去某個時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。e.g.HehadalreadyleftwhenIgotthere.Theyshowedusthemachinewhichtheyhadproduced.3、過去完成時常用的時間狀語：Itwasthefirst/second.timethatsb.+haddone4、主動變被動(hadbeendone)e.g.Thetaskhadbeenfinishedbef

19、orethedeadlinecame.Thecoffeehadbeenpreparedwhenshecamein.H穩(wěn)十、現(xiàn)在完成進行時(ThePresentPerfectcontinuousTense)1、結構1)(Active)have/hasbeendoing2)(Passive)無2、主要用法表示動作從過去某一時刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在這個動作可能剛剛終止，也可能仍然在進行著。e.g.Wehavebeenlisteningtotheradioforanhour.-Youlooktired,dontyou?-Yes,Ihavebeenpaintingtheroomallday.Ex.

20、(2015北京卷，26)Inthelastfewyears,China(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.(2015北京卷，27)-DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnnshouse?-Notreally.She(give)uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.(2015北京卷，30)-Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.-Allright.I(call)himlater.(2015安徽卷，24)JustasIgotto

21、theschoolgate,IrealizedI(leave)mybookinthecafe.(2015福建卷，30)-WhereisPeter？Icantfindhimanywhere.-Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand(write)hisessaythereeversince.(2015湖南卷，22)Asyougothroughthisbook,you(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferentexperience.(2015湖南卷，25)Iwasnt

22、abletohidemyeagernesswhenI(ask),“Whatdoyouwishmetodonow?”(2015湖南卷，28)HemusthavesensedthatI(look)athim.Hesuddenlyglancedatmeandsaidquietly,“Whyarestaringatmelikethat?”(2015天津卷，9)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement(reach)sofarbythetwosides.(2015北京卷，22)-Didyouenjoytheparty?-Yes.We(treat)wellbyo

23、urhosts.(2015安徽卷，29)Itisreportedthataspacestation(build)onthemooninyearstocome.(2014湖南卷28)Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening,we_(try)tomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.(2014四川卷9)She(phone)someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.(2014江西卷24)Tony,whyareyoureyesred?-I(cut)uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.(201

24、4陜西卷22)DuringhisstayinXian,Jerrytriedalmostallthelocalfoodshisfriends(recommend).(2014大綱卷)Unlessextramoney(find),thetheatrewillclose.(2014大綱卷)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody(see)themsince.(2014福建卷)Haventseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?一IwenttoNingxiaand(stay)thereforoneyear,teachingasavolunteer.(2014山東卷)Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandwasmoretime-consumingthanwe(expect).(2014天津卷)Wewontstarttheworkuntila