不定式結(jié)合語法填空市公開課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

1、Grammar the Infinitive第1頁(yè)第1頁(yè)動(dòng)詞不定式積極被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)改變一覽表普通式進(jìn)行式完畢式主動(dòng)to doto be doingto have done被動(dòng)to be doneto have been done第2頁(yè)第2頁(yè)不定式是動(dòng)詞一個(gè)非限定形式,由 “to+動(dòng)詞原形” 構(gòu)成，沒有些人稱和數(shù)改變，在句中不能獨(dú)立作謂語。但不定式含有名詞、形容詞和副詞特征，在句中能夠作主語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語、狀語等。第3頁(yè)第3頁(yè)1. It is good to help others. 2. It is my ambition to make sure that the disable

2、d people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings. 3. My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up. 區(qū)別下面不定式在句子中充當(dāng)成份:subjectsubjectPredicative (表語)第4頁(yè)第4頁(yè)4. I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 5. I am the only student in my class to have a pet snak

3、e. 6. A big company has decided to buy it from me. 7. My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am. attributeattributeobjectobject第5頁(yè)第5頁(yè)8. I have had to work hard to live a normal life. 9. Some days I am too tired to get out of bed. 10. We must call on local government to give financial a

4、ssistance to disabled people. Adverbial (狀語)adverbialobject complement第6頁(yè)第6頁(yè)一. 不定式在句中功效1.作主語用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作主語特殊句型。熟記下列固定句式： It takes me about two hours to finish all my homework every day. 我天天做完所有作業(yè)需要大約兩小時(shí)。 It is necessary for us to be constantly reminded of our shortcomings. 經(jīng)常有些人提醒我們本身缺點(diǎn)是有必要。第7頁(yè)第7頁(yè) Its

5、very kind of you to tell me the truth.你真好，告訴我真相。 Its no use quarrelling about it. We are all in the same boat.為此事爭(zhēng)執(zhí)是沒有用，我們處境相同。 第8頁(yè)第8頁(yè)只能接不定式動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞。下列18條考也許性最大，請(qǐng)依據(jù)漢語意思，用規(guī)范工整英語完畢搭配后，熟讀切記：2.作賓語第9頁(yè)第9頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配1決定做某事_ to do sth.2回絕干某事_ to do sth.3同意做某事_ to do sth.4希望做某事_ to do sth.5計(jì)劃做某事_ to do sth.6打算做某

6、事_ to do sth.deciderefuseagreehopeplanintend 第10頁(yè)第10頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配7能夠做某事_ to do sth.8恰巧做某事_ to do sth.9想做某事_ to do sth.10假裝做某事_ to do sth.11提出要做某事_ to do sth.12努力做成某事_ to do sth.affordhappenwantpretendoffermanage第11頁(yè)第11頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配13能夠做某事_ to do sth.14恰巧做某事_ to do sth.15想做某事_ to do sth.16假裝做某事_ to do sth.17

7、提出要做某事_ to do sth.18努力做成某事_ to do sth.would loveget readycant waittry ones bestmake an attemptmake up ones mind第12頁(yè)第12頁(yè)(3)只能接動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)詞或短語動(dòng)詞。如真題再練第11和13題。下列22條考也許性最大，請(qǐng)依據(jù)漢語意思，用規(guī)范工整英語完畢搭配后，熟讀切記：第13頁(yè)第13頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配1愛慕做某事_ doing sth.2完畢某事_ doing sth.3討厭做某事_ doing sth.4介意做某事_ doing sth.5練習(xí)做某事_ doing sth.6連續(xù)做某事_

8、doing sth.7允許做某事_ doing sth.enjoyfinishdislikemindpractisekeeppermit/allow第14頁(yè)第14頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配8認(rèn)可做某事_ doing sth.9考慮做某事_ doing sth.10提議做某事_ doing sth.11避免做某事_ doing sth.12不怕做某事_ doing sth.13想象做某事_ doing sth.14想做某事_ doing sth.15放棄做某事_ doing sth.admitconsider suggest/adviseescaperiskimaginefeel likegive up

9、第15頁(yè)第15頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配16推遲做某事_ doing sth.17繼續(xù)做某事_ doing sth.18重復(fù)做某事_ doing sth.19堅(jiān)持做某事_ doing sth.20忙于做某事_ doing sth.21某事值得做sth._ doing 22不能忍受做某事_ doing sth.put offcarry onkeep oninsist onbe busybe worthcant stand第16頁(yè)第16頁(yè)3.作定語 要依據(jù)與邏輯主語關(guān)系，是積極關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞(如真題再練第2題)，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系就用過去分詞(如真題再練第1、3題)。若是表示未來情況(發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之后)或表示“

10、有要”用動(dòng)詞不定式，在最高級(jí)或“序數(shù)詞(+名詞)”后或在ability, chance, way等抽象名詞后作定語也要用不定式。如：第17頁(yè)第17頁(yè) I borrowed some books _ (read) during my holiday.解析：因“閱讀”在“借書”之后，即表示未來，故用不定式作定語，填to read。to read第18頁(yè)第18頁(yè) He told me that he had a composition _ (write).解析：“有一篇作文要寫”，即“有要”表示未來，故用不定式作定語，填to write。to write第19頁(yè)第19頁(yè)Jack, a hard-wo

11、rking student, is always the first _(come) to school and the last to leave. 解析：序數(shù)詞后用不定式作定語，故填to come。to come第20頁(yè)第20頁(yè) Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old female scientist, became the first Chinese citizen _(win) a Nobel Prize in science on Oct. 5, . 解析：在“序數(shù)詞+名詞”后用不定式作定語，故填to win。to win第21頁(yè)第21頁(yè) Happiness is the

12、 ability _ (make) the most of what we have.解析：在抽象名詞ability后，表示“做某事能力”，用不定式作定語，故填to make。 If I were you, I should seize the chance _ (practise) speaking English. 解析：在抽象名詞chance后，表示“做某事機(jī)會(huì)”，用不定式作定語，故填to practise。to maketo practise第22頁(yè)第22頁(yè) We found a way _ (solve) this problem. 解析：在抽象名詞way后，表示“做某事辦法”，用不

13、定式作定語，故填to solve。to solve第23頁(yè)第23頁(yè)4.作狀語(1) 在形容詞后作狀語用不定式。如 真題再練第5題(cold enough to do sth.)。又如:She wished that he was as easy _ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. (廣東卷)解析：因句中已有謂語was easy(系動(dòng)詞加表語構(gòu)成謂語)，動(dòng)詞please(使高興)應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞；在形容詞后作狀語，只能用動(dòng)詞不定式，故填to please。to please第24頁(yè)第24頁(yè)(2) 作目的狀

14、語也只能用不定式。如：Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees _(sell) the wood. (廣東卷)解析：因句中已有謂語started，而sell前沒有并列連詞，因此sell為非謂語動(dòng)詞；又因“賣木料”是“砍樹”目的，故用不定式to sell。to sell第25頁(yè)第25頁(yè)目的狀語: 慣用結(jié)構(gòu)to do; in order to do, so as to do, so/ such as to do, etc.I come here to say good-bye to you.(3) 結(jié)果

15、狀語: 常與only , enough 或too連用。He studied hard only to fail the exam.He is old enough to go to school.(4)原因狀語: 普通用在句尾Im glad to see you.She wept to see the sight.第26頁(yè)第26頁(yè) 用不定式作賓補(bǔ)固定搭配諸多，但最也許考且在寫作中很也許會(huì)用到有下列22個(gè)，請(qǐng)用規(guī)范工整英語完畢搭配后，熟讀切記：5. 作補(bǔ)語第27頁(yè)第27頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配1請(qǐng)求某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.2哀求某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.3邀請(qǐng)某人干某

16、事_ sb. to do sth.4叫某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.5提醒某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.6勉勵(lì)某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.7激勵(lì)某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.8敦促某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.askbeginvitetellremindencourageinspireurge第28頁(yè)第28頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配9要求某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.10提議某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.11說服某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.12指派某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.13造成某人做

17、某事_ sb. to do sth.14逼迫某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.15答應(yīng)某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.16警告某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.require /requestadviseconvince /persuadeappointcauseforcepromisewarn第29頁(yè)第29頁(yè)漢語意思英文搭配17允許某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.18嚴(yán)禁某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.19希望某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.20想要某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.21提議某人做某事_ sb. to do st

18、h.22說服某人做某事_ sb. to do sth.would like/wantwait forallow/permitforbid /prohibitwish /desire/ expectcall on 第30頁(yè)第30頁(yè)二. 不定式否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)：不定式否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu)多由“not +不定式”構(gòu)成， 否認(rèn)副詞 not, never, seldom, hardly 等要置于to前。請(qǐng)告訴你小孩不要在街上玩耍。Please tell your child not to play in the street.她檢查名字為了不犯錯(cuò)誤。She checked the names so as not to ma

19、ke mistakes.第31頁(yè)第31頁(yè)三. 不定式時(shí)態(tài)：普通時(shí)表示動(dòng)作, 有時(shí)與謂語動(dòng)詞表示 動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 有時(shí)發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示 動(dòng)作之后。 He seems to know this.他似乎知道這事。 I hope to see you again. 我希望再會(huì)到你。2. 完畢時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞表示 動(dòng)作之前。 很抱歉給了你這樣多麻煩。 Im sorry to have given you so much trouble.第32頁(yè)第32頁(yè)3. 普通進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行, 與謂語 動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 他好象正在吃什么東西。 He seems to be eating some

20、thing.4. 完畢進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去開始并延續(xù) 至說話時(shí)候。 聽說她研究這問題有好多年了。 She is said to have been working on the problem for many years. 第33頁(yè)第33頁(yè)考點(diǎn)練透在下列各句空白處填入所給詞正確形式，并闡明理由。1. I am writing this letter _ (invite) you to come with us.此處動(dòng)詞不定式作目狀語。to invite第34頁(yè)第34頁(yè)2. Whats worse, I find it quite hard _ (take) notes in classes because I cant follow the teachers words.句中it 是形式賓語，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正賓語。to take 3. I want to live in the country because the air t