2023-2023年五年高考閱讀理解之七選五真題匯編(含答案)

1、-2023年五年高考閱讀理解之七選五真題匯編1【2023全國(guó)卷I】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。IfanyonehadmethreeyearsthatIwouldbespendingofmyweekendsIwouldhavelaughed Campers,myeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedanduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothing commonme. 36 _Thefriendswhointroducedcampingthought

2、thatmeant bea37 _sleepatent,cookedoveranopen fire,andwalkedalongdistancetheshowerandusethebathroom.briefMotherNaturecostfromrecoveringfromabadcaseofsunburnandthe forfoodpoisoning.Iwas,nevertheless,talked onanotherfun-filledholiday thewilderness. 38_Instead, wehadapop-upcampercomfortablebedsandanairn

3、ature-lovingfriendshadrememberedbringalltheof39 _havedonealotofsince. weboughtatwenty-eight-foottravelcompleteabathroomandaset.Thereaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenaTheevenhasmatchingcarpetandcurtains.40_Itbetruethatsooneroreveryonefindshisorherwaybacknature.Irecommendthatfindyourwaystyle.therewasnot

4、ent.B. Thingsarebeimproved.C. Thetheytookmeonwasaroughone.waslearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,E. IsaythatIhavecertainlycomeenjoyF. AfterthebecamequiteinterestedG. Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feet2【2023全國(guó)卷II】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Interruptions are one of the worst things

5、 to deal with while youre trying to get work done. 36_,there are several ways to handle things. Lets take a look at them now.37_.Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.When people try to interrupt you,

6、have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that youll find them then. 38 _.It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.When you need to talk to someone, dont do it in your own office. 39 _, its much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you t

7、ry to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40_. If someone knocks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint(暗示) that when the door is closed, you

8、re not to be disturbed.A. If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goesD. If youre in the other persons office or in a public areaE. Its important that you let them know when youll be availableF. It might

9、seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt youG.Leave it open when youre available to talk and close it when youre not3【2023全國(guó)卷III】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy m

10、orning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock. 36 _ Heres how to make one.37_In order to make a change, you need to decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about y

11、our reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make. Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes,

12、 and bags. 38_Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer. Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If youre tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness

13、the following week, a recent study found. 39_ Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After youve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40_ If not, take another look at other methods you could try.A. Get a sleep specialist.B.

14、 Find the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setting a second alarm.E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the caf to get coffee.4【2023浙江卷】根據(jù)

15、短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport. 31_ But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy

16、.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental pro

17、tection is important in America? 32_Hit the streets with confidence. 33_ Say, “Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic. This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interest

18、ed in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged.34_Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone

19、is giving you the same answer, you wont be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.35_ If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, dont leave work without them.A. Limit your time.B. As you approach people, be pol

20、ite.C. If you dont own a camera, you can buy one.D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.G. With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes

21、 or “No reply.5【2023北京卷】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.71_ One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories.72 _ We know that, while awake, fresh memorie

22、s are recorded by reinforcing (加強(qiáng)) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear. Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神經(jīng)元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh mem

23、ories to form the next day.73_Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.74_The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is ri

24、ght, it would explain why, when we miss a nights, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team di

25、scovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size.75_ “You keep what matters, Tononi says.A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.B. Its as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they g

26、et sick.D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E. Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning, says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G. Tononis team measured the size of these

27、 connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.6【2023全國(guó)卷I】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Secret codes (密碼)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes

28、 for thousands of years. 36 _ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 _ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels Spell out the hidden messag

29、e “Meet me.38 _ You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me would read “13 5 20 13 5.A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read t

30、he message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39_For example “bridge“ might stand for “meet and “out might stand for “me. The message “bridge out would actually mean “Meet me.40 _ However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.Itisveryhardto

31、breakacodewithoutthecodebook.B .Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C. Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandf

32、orotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet. 7【2023全國(guó)卷II】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more

33、 than the sum(總和) of its parts? 36 _. But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.37 _Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns

34、and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 38 _. However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回憶)your childhood memoriesOur mode

35、l of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 39 _-how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the

36、 gardens of your youth. 40 _Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you gardenB. Find a good place for your own gardenC. Its our experience of the garden that mattersD. Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE.

37、Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have 8【2023全國(guó)卷III】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyone knows that fish is good for h

38、ealth. 16 _ But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 17 _This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy

39、 way.18 _ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. 19 _When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should

40、 be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.20 _First, cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices.Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.) The

41、n, itsreadytoserve.A. Donotbuyit.B. Theeasiestistosteamit.C. Thisishowyoucandoit.D. Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E. Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F. Whenbuyingfish, youshouldfirstsmellit.G. Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.9【2023北京卷】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確的填入空白處。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。The Science

42、 of Risk-SeekingSometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 71 _ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The

43、reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 72 _As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all j

44、umping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one Killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you

45、hate it. 73 _No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 74 _ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises y

46、our tolerance for risk as well.Mean taking some risks, so your brain raisers your tolerance for risk as well.75 _ For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the

47、 science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived be

48、cause they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.10【2023四川卷

49、】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 36_ In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the diff

50、erence in hormones between men and women. 37 _ Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart att

51、acks.38_Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.39_Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawomansb

52、odycellshaveatendency(傾向to agemoreslowlythanamans. Others think that a mans body cells have a tendency toagemorequickly. 40 _However,women,onaverage,livelonger.B.Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.E.Recentr

53、esearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolvariousbodyfunctions.11【2023全國(guó)卷I】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Building Trust in a Relationship Again Trust is a learned behav

54、ior that we gain from past experiences.36 _Trust is a risk. But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake. Unfortunately, weve all been victims of betrayal. Whether weve been stolen

55、from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.37 _ Its understandable, but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there. 38 _Having confidence in yourself will

56、 help you make betterchoices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. 39 _ If youve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But theres a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality. At some point in all of our lives, well have

57、our trust tested or violated.You didnt lose “everything. Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life. 40 _Instead, its a healthy way to work through the experience t

58、o allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A.Learn to really trust yourself.B.It is putting confidence in someone.C.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D.Remember that you can expect the best in return.E.Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.F.This knowledge ca

59、rries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G.Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.12【2023全國(guó)卷II】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the

60、 runs. 36 _, buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet, so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop. When you have found shoes that seem right, walk in them for a few da