人教版新課標(biāo)選修八unit3period4Grammarandwriting20張課件

1、B8 UNIT3Inventors and inventionsGrammar and writing過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的位置(1)單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞：一般情況下，單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ)，即放在所修飾詞之前。但有時(shí)為了表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，也可放在所修飾詞之后。A watched pot never boils.心急鍋不開。Money spent is more than money earned.花的錢比掙的錢多。(2)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)往往作后置定語(yǔ)，即放在所修飾詞之后。This will be the best novel of its kind ev

2、er written.這本小說(shuō)將是這類小說(shuō)中寫得最好的。This is the soldier wounded in the battle.這就是在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受傷的戰(zhàn)士。2過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)擴(kuò)展成句作后置定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞往往可以擴(kuò)展成相應(yīng)的定語(yǔ)從句。The suggestion (which had been) sent to the committee was adopted.呈送給委員會(huì)的建議被采納了。3過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)意義(1)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)通常表示被動(dòng)和完成，即被修飾詞通常是過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，且該動(dòng)作已完成。the question discussed yest

3、erday 昨天討論的問(wèn)題the person killed last year 去年被殺的人(2)不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)僅表示完成。fallen leaves 落葉 faded flowers 凋謝的花考題回顧(陜西高考改編)The witnesses _(question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.(湖南高考改編)You cannot accept an opinion _(offer) to you unless it is based on facts.(天津高考改編

4、)In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _(use) in daily conversations.答案 questioned offered used 二、過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，通常表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)，這時(shí)過(guò)去分詞可以被看作一個(gè)形容詞，是形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞。常見的有seated, surprised, astonished, amazed, moved, exhausted, worried, devoted, pleased, inspired, encouraged, excited, delighted,

5、satisfied, scared, frightened, disappointed等。I am pleased with the result of the experiment.我對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果很滿意。點(diǎn)津過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)；動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。The cup is broken.杯子破了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)杯子的狀態(tài))The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)考題回顧 (新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them lo

6、oked very anxious and _(disappoint)(廣東高考)We got a little _(sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.(福建高考改編) In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _(stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.答案 disappointed sunburnt/sunburned stuck 三、過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)能用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞，表示被

7、動(dòng)意義或已完成意義，有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之。作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。在下面結(jié)構(gòu)中常用過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。(1)在感官動(dòng)詞(see, hear, notice, watch等)和表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞(feel, find等)后。She was glad to see her children well taken care of in the nursery.看到她的孩子們?cè)谕袃核艿胶芎玫恼疹櫍芨吲d。(2)使役動(dòng)詞(keep, make, help, get, have等)后。If you want to make yourself respect

8、ed, you are above all to respect others.如果你想讓自己被尊重，你必須首先尊重別人。(3)like, want, wish, order等表示“希望；要求”等意義的動(dòng)詞后。He wanted his eggs fried.他愿意吃煎雞蛋。(4)with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中。He sat there, with his hands tied behind.他手被捆在后面坐在那里。考題回顧(北京高考改編)When we saw the road _(block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.答案

9、blocked四、專題練習(xí)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1China is a _(develop) country and America is a _(develop) country.2Look, the _(fall) leaves are all yellow. Lots of _(fall) leaves make the road yellow.3We were _(satisfy) with the result.4What is the language _(speak) in Japan?5I heard someone _(call) me when I came in.6I hea

10、rd my name _(call) when I came in.答案1 developing , developed 2 falling, fallen 3 satisfied 4 spoken 5 calling 6 called五、寫作技巧指導(dǎo)如何寫求職信求職信屬于公務(wù)信函，格式和用詞比較正規(guī)，其目的在于讓聘用方了解自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、能力、成就、愿望等，所以個(gè)人情況的介紹應(yīng)該是求職信的核心內(nèi)容，應(yīng)盡可能向?qū)Ψ秸f(shuō)明本人的長(zhǎng)處，以便留下好印象，獲得進(jìn)一步面談的機(jī)會(huì)。求職信一般包括以下內(nèi)容：1介紹信息來(lái)源介紹信息來(lái)源通常是英文求職信正文部分的開篇句，它可使求職信顯得自然、順暢。2表明求職心意介紹完

11、信息來(lái)源，應(yīng)向收信人表明自己寫信的目的。3介紹個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷并表明自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)此部分應(yīng)詳寫，主要包括：出生日期、性別、教育程度、工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)、特殊技能等。在介紹情況時(shí)，應(yīng)對(duì)自己最適合所申請(qǐng)的工作方面進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹。4表示感謝并請(qǐng)求答復(fù)求職信的常用語(yǔ)言：1開頭語(yǔ)I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire .I learned from the advertisement that your company wanted a .Im writing to apply for .Im writing to you hoping tha

12、t I may obtain an opportunity to .2常用短語(yǔ)be in good health, be good at, be expert in, have rich working experience, enjoy doing sth, in ones spare time, be strict with, be kind to, get on well with3結(jié)束語(yǔ)I would be very thankful if you would give me an early reply.Thank you for an early reply.Could you p

13、lease let me know if .Thank you very much.專題練習(xí)假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華，得知某英文報(bào)招聘兼職記者，你有意應(yīng)聘，請(qǐng)按下列要點(diǎn)給報(bào)社寫一封自薦信。1表示感興趣；2說(shuō)明優(yōu)勢(shì)：知識(shí)面、英語(yǔ)水平、合作精神、相關(guān)經(jīng)歷；3希望得到回復(fù)。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。Dear Sir or Madam，_Yours sincerely，Li Hua參考范文：Dear Sir or Madam，I am in the ninth grade at Xinhua Middle School. My English teacher told me that your news

14、paper is looking for part-time reporters. I believe I have the right skills and enough motivation to take on the job.I worked as a volunteer at Rio Olympics in 2016. Therefore, I had experience of working in English and interacting with people with different backgrounds. In fact, I made friends with

15、 people worldwide. I also had a chance to practice team abilities. When I came back to China, I wrote a front page story about my trip for our school newspaper.I stand out among my peers by keeping a strong interest in learning things beyond my textbooks. By reading newspapers daily, I am able to follow the important events and discuss th