新教材高中英語Unit2MoralsandVirtuesReadingandThinking學案

1、PAGE 18 -Unit 2Morals and VirtuesReading and Thinking詞匯知識自主學習. 根據語境寫出正確的單詞1. a moral dilemma道德困境2. this precious opportunity這個寶貴的機會3. entrust me with that life把那種生活托付給我4. traditional path of marriage傳統(tǒng)的婚姻之路5. the majority of girls大多數(shù)女孩6. complain about the poor conditions抱怨條件差7. respond to your ques

2、tions回答你的問題8. to be hired as a resident physician被聘為住院醫(yī)師9. reject my invitation拒絕我的邀請10. to be appointed director被任命為董事11. over the next several decades在接下來的幾十年里12. be interested in tending patients對護理病人感興趣13. be scared in the interview面試時害怕14. the sharp increase in the cost成本的急劇增加15. energetic and

3、positive young people精力充沛、積極向上的年輕人16. replace plastic bags with paper bags用紙袋代替塑料袋. 根據語境用恰當?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空1. Dr Lin graduated from Peking 2. Dr Lin opened a clinic for people in need of help. 3. My teachers help carried me through those hard days in senior high school. 4. We should be responsible for the pa

4、tients. 5. People tend to make mistakes when they are tired. 6. She was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”. 7. During the exam, the student next to him fainted. 8. You can entrust Tom with this matter. 9. I like her, even though she can be annoying at times. 10. An old farmer spent all his

5、 life on his farm in the country in the southeast of England. . 翻譯下列課文原句, 并觀察黑體部分1. At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. 十八歲時, 她沒有像大多數(shù)的女孩那樣走上婚姻這一傳統(tǒng)道路, 而是選擇了學醫(yī)。2. After working for a few years, she was sent to study

6、in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US. 工作了幾年之后, 她被派往歐洲學習, 之后于1939年又赴美學習。3. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 有時, 人們甚至會看到她騎著毛驢去偏遠的鄉(xiāng)村給人看病。4. And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others. “Im ready to go, ” she said. 臨終時, 她仍在為別人著想。

7、“我要走了, ”她說。根據給出的構詞規(guī)則寫出下列單詞1. -ion常用于動詞之后構成名詞reject vt. rejection n. 否決collect vt. collection n. 收集connect vt. connection n. 連接2. 以-d結尾的動詞變成-se, 成為名詞respond v. response n. 反應; 回答; 回復defend v. defense n. 保衛(wèi)offend v. offense n. 冒犯閱讀精析合作學習Task 1框架宏觀建構: 整體理解1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. 2.

8、What is the text type of the passage? A. Narrative Essay(記敘文). B. Argumentative Essay(議論文). C. Expository Writing (說明文). D. Practical Writing (應用文). 答案: A3. Whats the main idea of this passage? The passage mainly tells us Lin Qiaozhis (1)contribution to medicine and her great (2)influence on society

9、. 【尋技巧提能力】如何做細節(jié)題一、細節(jié)題的正確選項有以下特征: 1. 對原句子中的關鍵詞進行替換。把原文中的某些詞換成意義相近的詞 , 成為正確選項。2. 詞性或者語態(tài)的變化。把原文中的某些詞變換一下詞性, 或者改變原文句子的語態(tài), 給考生制造障礙。3. 語言簡化。把原文中的復雜語言進行簡化, 成為正確答案。4. 正話反說。把原文中的意思反過來表達而成為正確選項(適用于尋找錯誤選項的題目)。二、干擾項有以下特征: 1. 將原文內容擴大或縮小。把原文中的限定詞去掉或替換, 使該選項看似正確, 實際上卻是錯誤選項。2. 把未然當已然。改變文中某句話的時態(tài), 如把將來時變成現(xiàn)在時, 把未發(fā)生的事情

10、當成已發(fā)生的事情。3. 無中生有。即選項內容是根據主觀想象或推測得出的結論, 而文中并未涉及。4. 偷換概念。把原來做該事的“張三”換成“李四”, 所述細節(jié)確實與原文一致, 一不小心就會誤選。5. 文不對題。這類題最不容易辨別, 選項中的描述與原文完全一 致, 確屬原文中的某一個細節(jié), 這時要回到題干, 看該選項是否能回答題干所提的問題。Task 2文本微觀剖析: 細節(jié)探究1. Choose the best answer. (1)What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Dr Lin married earlier. B. Her mot

11、her complained about her learning medicine. C. Her brother was against her studying medicine. D. Dr Lin gave in to her brother. (2)Dr Lin was really in the field of medical research. A. normalB. outstandingC. ordinaryD. traditional(3)The following are all reasons why Dr Lin opened her own clinic exc

12、ept . A. to help those in need of helpB. to reduce costs for poor patientsC. to make some money to do other thingsD. to continue her wish to treat patients(4)What can we know about the life of Dr Lin? A. She had babies of her own. B. She was interested in the positions in government. C. She devoted

13、herself to the patients. D. She built a kindergarten to help the poor. (5)Which of the following can best describe Dr Lin? A. Warm-hearted and careful. B. Positive and confident. C. Devoted and thankful. D. Hard-working and kind. 答案: (1)(5)CBCCD2. Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. 明線暗線行文結構P

14、ara. 1The(1)introduction of the themeinspiring總Para. 2Lin Qiaozhis (2)belief in childhooddetermined and hard-working分Paras. 34Lin Qiaozhis (3)study and workPara. 5Lin Qiaozhi carried forward her (4)careerPara. 6Lin Qiaozhi was (5)concerned about her workproud總3. Long sentence analysis. (1)Within six

15、 months, she (主語)was named (謂語)a chief resident physician(主語補足語), a position(同位語)(that usually took four years to achieve. )(定語從句)譯文: 不到六個月, 她就成了住院主任醫(yī)師, 而升任這一職位通常需要四年時間。(2)She(主語) greatly impressed (謂語)her American colleagues(賓語), (who invited her to stay. )(定語從句)譯文: 美國同事對她印象極佳, 邀請她留下。(3)Though Lin

16、Qiaozhi never married(狀語從句), she(主語) was known as (謂語)the “mother of ten thousand babies”(主語補足語), having delivered over 50, 000 babies in her lifetime. (現(xiàn)在分詞作結果狀語)譯文: 雖然林巧稚終身未婚, 但是她被稱為“萬嬰之母”, 她一生中親手接生的嬰兒有五萬多名。Task 3閱讀思維升華: 主題實踐1. What was the main principle guiding Dr Lin through the hard choices in

17、 her life? (Logical thinking邏輯性思維)Peoples trust in her. 2. What kind of person do you think Dr Lin was? (Creative Thinking創(chuàng)造性思維)Dr Lin devoted all her life to the people selflessly. She was a loyal patriot, a scientist of the people, a model of the medical profession, a good daughter of the Chinese

18、nation and an outstanding representative of contemporary women. 3. Lin Qiaozhi never got married in her life. What do you think of it? (Critical Thinking批判性思維)Lin Qiaozhi devoted her life to her career, which is worth learning for us. But for her personal life, I still advocate that she should have

19、a family. After all, family is a part of society. 要點精研探究學習1. carry sb. through sth. 幫助某人渡過難關*These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 林巧稚醫(yī)生的這些話可以讓我們了解這位了不起的女性的內心, 以及是什么幫助她渡過人生中的艱難選擇的。*Thats my study plan f

20、or the summer holidays, and Ill try my best to carry it out. 那就是我的暑假學習計劃, 我將盡我最大的努力執(zhí)行下去。*Only when you are in good health can you carry on studying. 只有當你身體健康狀況良好的時候你才能繼續(xù)學習。carry through完成; 進行到底carry out執(zhí)行, 實行; 貫徹; 實現(xiàn)carry on開展; 維持; 繼續(xù)carry forward繼承, 弘揚 用適當?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。(1)The activity is aimed at carryi

21、ng forward the Chinese traditional culture. (2)We should carry out the plan strictly and carefully. (3)We hope that more artists will carry on and develop the folk art. (4)It was my mother that carried me through my hard time in middle school. 2. majority n. 大部分; 大多數(shù)*(2020新高考全國卷)However, the majorit

22、y of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 然而, 大多數(shù)人之所以能成為有效的演講者, 是因為他們受過訓練。*Only a minority of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking the subway to work are in the majority. 在那個城市只有少數(shù)人沒有汽車, 但是乘坐地鐵上班的人卻占了大多數(shù)。(1)a/the majority of. . . 大多數(shù)be in the majority 占大部分

23、/大多數(shù)(2)minority n. 少數(shù); 少數(shù)派/人be in the minority 占少數(shù)the/a majority of+名詞, 表示“大多數(shù)”, 謂語動詞的數(shù)與of后面的名詞保持一致; the majority單獨作主語時, 謂語動詞用單復數(shù)均可。The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 大部分的破損很容易修復。(1)WeChat is to the taste of the majority of people, especially the youth. 微信符合大多數(shù)人的胃口, 尤其是年輕人。(2)I believe th

24、at students supporting me are in the majority. 我相信支持我的學生占多數(shù)。(3)On the other hand, a minority of students are opposed to it. 另一方面, 少數(shù)學生反對它。3. complain vi. &vt. 抱怨; 發(fā)牢騷*My father is very brave, hard-working, responsible and most importantly he never complains. 我的父親非常勇敢、勤勞、負責, 最為重要的是, 他從來不抱怨。*September

25、 is around the corner, and some of us are already complaining about summers end. 九月即將來臨, 我們中的一些人已經在抱怨夏季的結束了。*I have to make a complaint about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant. 我要投訴你們餐館里極差的食物和服務。(1)complain to sb. 向某人抱怨, 發(fā)牢騷complain about sth. 抱怨某事(2)complaintn. 投訴, 抱怨, 怨言 make

26、 a complaint about抱怨 語法填空。(1)He phoned a newspaper reporter to complain about the reporters story. (2)Jane is my best friend and I can complain to her when I am unhappy. (3)(2020江蘇高考)Some peopleand I was one of thembelieve that humorous complaints(complain) about the little problems of life make hum

27、or. 有些人包括我在內認為對生活中小問題的幽默抱怨會帶來幽默。4. respond vt. 回答; 回復 vi. 做出反應; 回應*She responded, “Id rather stay single to study all my life! ”她回答: “我寧愿一輩子不嫁人, 也要學醫(yī)! ”*With the help of his teammate, the operator responded immediately to the accident. 在他隊友的幫助下, 操作員對事故立刻做出了反應。*The retired man contributed many books

28、to the poor children in response to my request. 這個退休的人應我的請求而捐了許多書給貧窮的孩子們。*She made no response to my question, which made me very angry. 她沒有回答我的問題, 這使我非常生氣。(1)respond to對做出回應或反應(2)responsen. 回答, 答復; 反應in response to響應; 答復make (a) response to回答, 對做出回應(1)語法填空。I prefer to respond to e-mails that I rece

29、ive right when I get to work. I am writing in response(respond) to the position as a volunteer advertised on the Internet. (2)We would appreciate it if you could respond right away. 如能即刻回復, 我們將不勝感激。5. appoint vt. 任命; 委派*In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of

30、the OB-GYN department of the PUMC *We appointed him to be president of the club. 我們任命他為俱樂部主任。*We are considering appointing him to act as a secretary. 我們在考慮指定他當秘書。*I left early because I had an appointment later that day. 因為那天晚些時候我有個約會, 就早點離開了。(1)appoint sb. as/to be . . . 任命某人為appoint sb. to do sth

31、. 委派某人做某事(2)appointmentn. 任命; 約會make an appointment with sb. 與某人約會have an appointment with sb. 與某人有約會keep/break an appointment守/違約(1)I wont be able to keep my appointment to discuss traditional Chinese paintings with you. 我無法守約和你討論中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫。(2)It made sense to appoint a woman to deal with it. 任命一位女性處理這

32、件事是合理的。(3)用appoint的正確形式填空。Whenever you make appointments with others, make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the appointed time. 6. tend vt. 照顧; 照料 vi. 傾向; 趨于*She was more interested in tending patients and publishing medical research. 她更感興趣的是照料病人和發(fā)表醫(yī)

33、學研究。*His views tend towards the extreme. 他的觀點趨于極端。*He tends to lose his temper when he hears bad news. 他一聽到壞消息就會發(fā)脾氣。*It is said that women tend to live longer than men. 據說, 女人往往比男人長壽。*She had a tendency to talk fast when she was nervous. 她緊張時往往會說話很快。 (1)tend to do/be. . . 容易/易于/趨向tend (to) sb. /sth.

34、 照顧/護理/看護(2)tendencyn. 趨向; 傾向have a tendency to do sth. 傾向于做; 喜歡做There is a tendency towards/to (do) sth. 有一種的趨勢/傾向(1)語法填空。While I hate to admit it, people always tend to judge(judge) a person by his or her appearance initially. There is a slow tendency(tend)that “the beat culture” is popular with t

35、he youths in China. (2)Im writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms Wang who tended my mother in the hospital. 我寫信真誠地感謝在醫(yī)院里照顧我媽媽的王女士。7. scared adj. 害怕的; 對感到驚慌或恐懼的*She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions. 她在面試時如此害怕以至于完全忘了該如何回答這些問題。*(2

36、019全國卷) The gun shots had scared the dog off. 槍聲把狗嚇跑了。*We are always facing the problem of scaring birds away from airport runways. 我們總是面臨著如何把鳥從機場跑道嚇跑的問題。*Theres nothing in school that can make you scared. Cheer yourself up. 在學校里沒有什么能讓你害怕。鼓起勇氣吧。(1)scare away/off嚇走, 嚇跑be scared to death嚇得要死(2)scareda

37、dj. 害怕的; 對感到驚慌或恐懼的be scared of sb. /sth. 害怕某人/某事be scared to do sth. 不敢去做某事(3)scaryadj. 可怕的; 恐怖的(1)語法填空。When I had my first exam, I failed in it and felt so scared (scare)that I even didnt want to go to school again. She was scared to death at the sight of a snake. (2)What scares me most is that Im

38、going to study in a strange place. 最讓我害怕的是我要去一個陌生的地方學習。(3)She is scared of walking alone at night. 她害怕晚上一個人走路。8. replace vt. 接替; 取代; 更換*The student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary. 學生會將在一月份舉行一次特別會議, 選舉一個人來接替秘書職位。*Its not a good idea to miss meal

39、s and replace them with/by snacks. 不吃正餐, 改吃點心, 這不是什么好主意。*Teachers will never be replaced by computers in the classroom. 課堂上電腦永遠也代替不了老師。*The librarian asked me to replace the book on the shelf after reading. 圖書管理員讓我看完書后把它放回書架上。replace A with/by B用B替換Areplace sth. +prep. /adv. 把某物放回原處To hide a fault w

40、ith a lie is to replace a blot by a hole. 用謊言掩蓋錯誤, 等于挖一個洞除掉污漬。(這一諺語說明說謊不可取) 語法填空。(1)Vinod Khosla suggests that we get rid of 80% of doctors and replace them with robots. (2)Old books are like old friends. Once lost, they can never be replaced(replace). 9. To a person nothing is more precious than th

41、eir life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying Im cold, hungry, or tired? 對一個人來說, 沒有什么比生命更珍貴, 如果他們把生命托付給我, 我怎么能拒絕這種信任, 說我又冷又餓又累? 【句式解構】本句中使用了“否定詞+謂語動詞+比較級”表示最高級的用法。這種結構中的常用否定詞還有no, not, never, nobody, hardly, seldom等。*I have never seen a better film. 我沒看過比這部更好

42、的電影。*No one can be more careful than she is. 沒有人比她更細心。*How did your interview go? 你的面試如何? I couldnt feel better about it! 我對那次面試的感覺再好不過了! 【知識延伸】表示最高級意義的常用表達法: 否定詞+形容詞/副詞比較級+than否定詞+so/as+形容詞/副詞原級+as*Nothing is easier than this. 這是最容易的事。(1)I have never read a better book than this. 我從未讀過這么好的書。(2)I ca

43、n tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates. 我可以告訴你在同學面前被老師贊揚是最好的事了。(3)一句多譯。They think nothing is more enjoyable than reading books in the original. (用比較級)They think reading books in the original is the most enjoyable thing. (用最高級)他們認為讀原版書是最快樂的事。10.

44、She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital【句式解構】句中不定式to be hired作定語, 修飾the first woman, 與the first woman之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系。當被修飾詞為序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級修飾時, 常用不定式作后置定語。*It was the first play to win all three of these major a

45、wards. 它是贏得所有這三項大獎的第一部戲劇?！局R延伸】英語中常用不定式作后置定語的情況主要還有: (1)被修飾詞前有the only, the very, the next等詞時。*The next thing to do is to relax yourself completely. 下一步要做的事情是完全放松你自己。(2)抽象名詞time, way, ability, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等后常用不定式作定語。*I had a chance to visit the Great Wall last month. 上個月我有幸游覽

46、了長城。(3)不定代詞something, nothing, little等后常用不定式作定語。*I have something important to tell you. 我有要事相告。(1)作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞, 不定式后面就要有必要的介詞。(2)如果不定式所表示的動作不是由主語發(fā)出, 則不定式應使用被動語態(tài)。*She has only a little room to live in. 她只有一個小房間居住。*I am going to Beijing next week. Do you have anything to be taken to your son? 我下周打

47、算去北京。你有東西帶給你兒子嗎? (1)語法填空。For a student, studying is the first thing to be considered(consider)while appearance is the second. Lincoln was the first president to pass(pass) laws to stop slavery. (2)一句多譯。She is always the first to answer questions. (用不定式作定語)She is always the first who answers question

48、s. (定語從句)她總是第一個回答問題?！疽c拾遺】1. dilemma n. 進退兩難的境地; 困境*A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make. 道德困境就是你有兩個甚至更多艱難選擇的處境。*Which choice to take will possibly put some people into a dilemma. 該做出哪一個選擇很可能使一些人陷于困境中。*She was in a dilemma as to whether to stay at sc

49、hool or get a job. 她進退兩難, 不知該留在學校讀書還是找份工作。put sb. into a dilemma使某人陷入困境in a dilemma處于困境中(1)It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not. 它對某些人有益處, 但會使其他人就是否投票陷入困境。(2)I am caught in a dilemma when choosing a major for myself. 當為我自己選擇一個專業(yè)的時候我陷于困境之中。(

50、3)He is facing the dilemma of whether or not to return to his country. 他正面臨著要不要回國的兩難境地。2. reject vt. 拒絕接受; 不錄用*Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. 但是, 林醫(yī)生謝絕了邀請。*They rejected his application for membership. 他們拒絕了他的入會申請。*My teacher rejected my excuse for being late. 我的老師不肯相信我的遲到理由。*I applied but the

51、y rejected me. 我申請了, 但他們沒錄用我?！疽谆毂嫖觥縭eject, refusereject常用于正式場合, 后面常接名詞, 不接不定式refuse普通用詞, 后接雙賓語、名詞或不定式, 不接不定式的復合賓語和賓語從句 選詞填空refuse, reject(1)He kept silent and refused to go to a clinic. (2)I have been rejected by all the universities I applied to. 3. elect vt. 選舉, 推選*In 1954, she was elected to the

52、first National Peoples Congress. 在1954年, 她被選舉參加第一屆全國人民代表大會。*Owing to his great work, Mandela was elected(as/to be) President of South Africa. 由于他的偉大工作, 曼德拉被選舉為南非總統(tǒng)。(1)elect sb. to be/as. . . 選舉某人為elect to do sth. 選擇做某事(2)electionn. 選舉; 推選; 當選(1)語法填空。All the students who want to enter for the electio

53、n (elect)will give a self-introduction. The artist must elect to fight(fight)for freedom or slavery. (2)He was elected (as)(被選為)a civilian leader of the country last year. 4. At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 有時候, 甚至有人看到她騎著毛驢到偏遠村莊提供醫(yī)療救治。【句式解構】本句是一個簡單句。句中含有一個感官動詞的復合結構, riding a donkey為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓語補足語。*All of a sudden I noticed a foreign woman coming hurriedly and shouting in English, “ Help! ”突然, 我看到一名外國女士匆忙跑過來, 并用英語