新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionPeriod1素養(yǎng)檢測(cè)含解析

1、PAGE 9 -Unit 3 Environmental Protection課時(shí)素養(yǎng)檢測(cè) 九Unit 3Period 1. 閱讀理解A(2020桂林高二檢測(cè))A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16. Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment be

2、cause they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all o

3、ver the world. In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources: land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of carbon dioxide in the air com

4、es from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cu

5、tting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the worlds wood supply. Rainforests are often called the worlds drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than 1% of

6、rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the worlds shrinking(萎縮的) rainforests. 【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文講述了熱帶雨林在人類(lèi)生活中的重要作用, 號(hào)召大家保護(hù)雨林, 不要亂砍濫伐。1. Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they _. A. reflect mo

7、re heat into the atmosphereB. bring about high rainfall throughout the worldC. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16D. reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun

8、 and adjust the climate. . . all over the world. 可知選D項(xiàng)。2. What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to? A. We will lose much more than we can gain. B. Humans have begun destroying rainforests. C. People have a strong desire for resources. D. Much carbon dioxide comes from bur

9、ning rainforests. 【解析】選A。 代詞指代題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit. 可知, 人們這樣做會(huì)得不償失的。故下一段的畫(huà)線(xiàn)單詞指的是“我們會(huì)失去更多”。故選A項(xiàng)。3. What can be inferred from the text? A. We can get enough resources without rainforests.

10、B. There is great medicine potential in rainforests. C. We will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land. D. The level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns. 【解析】選B。 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. . . It is extremely likely that our bes

11、t chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the worlds shrinking rainforests. 可知, 熱帶雨林里有很多藥用植物可供我們開(kāi)發(fā)利用。故選B項(xiàng)。4. What might be the best title for the text? A. How to Save RainforestsB. How to Protect NatureC. Rainforests and the EnvironmentD. Rainforests and Medical Development【解析】選C。標(biāo)題歸納題。本文在第一段就點(diǎn)出了主

12、題: 熱帶雨林對(duì)環(huán)境的影響很大, 下文介紹了具體的情況。故選C項(xiàng)。B(2020宜賓高二檢測(cè)) Scientists think they have answered a mystery: How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly. A few million years ago, the largest whales averaged about 15 feet long. Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale, the toothless baleen whale(須鯨) became h

13、uge. Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet. Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian “It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye, which makes it harder to figure out what happened, ” said Graham Slater, lead author of the study. Their study has suggested an answer: Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 m

14、illion years started it, changing the oceans and food supply for whales. The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales, which include blue whales, humpbacks and right whales. Using computer simulations(模擬) and knowledge about how evolution works,

15、 they concluded that when the size changes started, the poles got colder, ice expanded and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted. Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator(赤道) and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small

16、 animals that whales eat. Baleen whales which have no teeth feed by eating huge amounts of fish they capture. Toothed whales, like sperm whales(抹香鯨), hunt individual fish, so the ocean changes that made food less evenly spread out didnt affect them as much. But baleen whales hunt schools of fish. Ol

17、ivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences calls it “a really convincing situation”. But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue. As oceans warm from man-made climate change, the seas will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will ha

18、ve a more difficult time surviving. 【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文為說(shuō)明文, 以鯨魚(yú)為例分析了一些海洋動(dòng)物生長(zhǎng)變快、體積變大的原因, 指出氣候變化引起海洋變化, 全球變暖導(dǎo)致部分鯨魚(yú)面臨生存困難的問(wèn)題。5. What does the underlined sentence mean in Para. 3? A. The change of baleen whales happened too quickly. B. The change of baleen whales was too difficult to explore. C. Researchers paid

19、little attention to the change of baleen whales. D. Researchers thought the change of baleen whales was unimportant. 【解析】選A。句意理解題。根據(jù)下文中的which makes it harder to figure out what happened可推知, 畫(huà)線(xiàn)句子指這種變化在進(jìn)化的過(guò)程中只是匆匆一瞥, 形容其速度之快, 故選A項(xiàng)。6. What played the key role in baleen whales becoming huge? A. Man-made

20、climate change. B. The water circulation in the oceans. C. Their eating a huge amount of fish. D. The increase of food supply for whales. 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句、第四段最后一句及第五段最后一句可知, 由于海水流向和鯨魚(yú)食物來(lái)源的變化, 須鯨能捕獲到更多魚(yú)群, 隨著食物增多, 其體積變大, 故選D項(xiàng)。7. What do we know about sperm whales and blue whales according to the

21、 passage? A. Sperm whales eat more food. B. Blue whales live much longer. C. Blue whales usually swallow schools of fish. D. Sperm whales prefer to hunt schools of fish. 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知, 藍(lán)鯨屬于須鯨; 又根據(jù)第五段最后一句可知, 須鯨能捕獲魚(yú)群, 由此可推知, 藍(lán)鯨也能捕獲魚(yú)群, 故選C項(xiàng)。8. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The

22、re are no whale fossils now. B. The whales may become even bigger. C. Olivier Lambert thinks the study is perfect. D. Global warming has threatened the whales. 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知, 氣候變暖引起海洋變化, 造成鯨魚(yú)將面臨生存困難的狀況, 故選D項(xiàng)。. 閱讀填句根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng), 選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Recycle everything, especially

23、paper! There is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester. 1We know that these things cant be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus. Buy green. 2 Paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be boug

24、ht as recycled goods. Theyre slightly more expensive than the normal products, but its worth it to make a green campus. Walk and bike to school. Most campuses, especially those that are trying to become an eco-friendlier campus, have pretty good public transit. 3 Walking or biking will help make you

25、r campus a green university. 4 A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drunk in class or while riding a bike. This will save the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus. Buy used clothing. It is usually thought of as something to do to save

26、 money. 5Recycling clothes minimize the use of resources to make clothing. A. Carry a water bottle. B. Dont use plastic bottles to drink water. C. Buy recycled goods as much as possible. D. It is also good for the environment! E. On top of that, almost all universities are pedestrian(行人) friendly. F

27、. It includes class notes, term papers, student newspapers and so on. G. Universities call on all the students to learn to recycle all the waste paper. 【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文就如何低碳生活提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1. 【解析】選F。本題所在段落的主題句是小標(biāo)題 “Recycle everything, especially paper! ”, 據(jù)此可知, 本段敘述的是紙的循環(huán)利用, 且空格處應(yīng)承接上句, 故答案為F。 2. 【解析】選C。 根據(jù)下文“ Pap

28、er, cleaning products and water are products that can be bought as recycled goods. ”中的關(guān)鍵詞recycled goods可知答案為C。 3. 【解析】選E。根據(jù)本部分的小標(biāo)題“ Walk or bike to school. ”可知, 本段敘述的是學(xué)生的出行方式。只有E選項(xiàng)講述的是此方面內(nèi)容, 故答案為E。 4. 【解析】選A。本空所在位置決定了答案應(yīng)該是個(gè)小標(biāo)題, 能夠概括本部分內(nèi)容。根據(jù)首句“A water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and

29、can easily be drunk in class or while riding a bike. ”可知, 本段敘述的是水瓶的問(wèn)題, A選項(xiàng)能夠概括本段內(nèi)容, 故答案為A。5. 【解析】選D。D選項(xiàng)中的It指代的是“buy used clothing”, 且also good for the environment與上文 something to do to save money呼應(yīng)?！舅仞B(yǎng)培優(yōu)】【話(huà)題小寫(xiě)作】假如你是李華, 是某中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)報(bào)的小記者, 你和你的同學(xué)一起就環(huán)境污染的原因做了調(diào)查, 請(qǐng)你根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇文章, 并在文中提出保護(hù)環(huán)境的建議。環(huán)境污染的原因如下: 1.

30、 汽車(chē)排放廢氣; 2. 工廠(chǎng)燃燒各種燃料; 3. 人類(lèi)過(guò)度消耗各種資源。注意: 1. 詞數(shù)80個(gè)左右。開(kāi)頭已經(jīng)給出, 不計(jì)入總詞數(shù); 2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié), 以使行文連貫。Recently my classmates and I have made a survey about the reasons for environmental pollution. _【參考范文】Recently my classmates and I have made a survey about the reasons for environmental pollution. There are three

31、main reasons for the pollution. First of all, more and more people buy cars, which give off a great deal of waste gas. Second, a lot of fuel like coal, petrol and natural gas is consumed in factories, which produces too much carbon dioxide. In addition, large quantities of resources including water

32、and electricity are overused by humans. Immediate action should be taken now. We should turn off the lights when leaving the rooms, turn off the tap in time and use things that can be recycled. Wed better walk or cycle instead of driving a car. What we do every day will surely make a difference to o

33、ur environment. 閱讀理解Were often reminded of the importance of preserving the planet as we see it for future generationsand children at St Oswalds CE Primary School Chester certainly agree. Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the schools Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note. “Sometimes th

34、ey can be busy and I dont think they think they can make a difference, but if everyone does a little bit it all adds up, ” she tells HuffPost UK. “We started looking at plastic pollution in our oceans and the things like plastic bags that are polluting them, ” she says. “Fish can eat the plastic and

35、 they can die, or we might even eat the fish ourselves. ”Mr Timms, Isobels teacher, has been spearheading a new project at the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly. The entire Hummingbirds class, which is made up of 9-and 10-y

36、ear-old pupils, has been busy writing poems and creating online video adverts to warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife. Mr Timms thinks children have an important role to play in teaching us how to take care of the things around us. “We sometimes overlook how much we can

37、 really learn from children, ” he says. “It has been really hard to believe having parents come in saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic, and to recycle more, and even stopping them using plastic straws. ”Mr Timms is proud of his Hummingbirds class. “The message that

38、 they would like to send to world is simple: stopping this isnt someone elses job, and it wont be OK if we just leave it. ”【語(yǔ)篇概述】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了“蜂鳥(niǎo)班”積極響應(yīng)一個(gè)環(huán)保教育項(xiàng)目。該班由九歲和十歲的學(xué)生組成, 他們通過(guò)寫(xiě)詩(shī)和制作在線(xiàn)視頻廣告來(lái)提醒成年人注意環(huán)保問(wèn)題。1. What can we infer about adults according to Isobel Kelleher? A. They just pretend to be busy. B. They havent done their part well. C. They can do nothing to stop pollution. D. They have started to care about the ocean. 【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根