北外 研究生入學(xué)考試 英語(yǔ)專業(yè)英語(yǔ)翻譯2000試卷+答案

1、北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)2000 年研究生入學(xué)考試試卷英語(yǔ)翻譯專業(yè)Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Explain what translation technique you use intranslatingtheitalicizedpartsandgiveyourreasonsinoneortwosentences.（30%）She lived and died avirgin.Thereisawonderfuluniverseouttherethatyoucouldntevenbegintodreamabout.Some of the

2、m suggested there might be a diplomatic price topayThe wait got the best of me, and I left my husband holding our place while I looked for aseat.Thebudgetbattlewas a nail-biter forPresidentClintonandthe two Democratsshepherding the bill through Congress.YouaretellingAbigelephantisnomoreanimalthanali

3、ttlecatisJaneskindlyandgentlenaturecouldnotbutrevoltathersisterscallousbehavior.The line outside the stock exchange wasfilledwithexcitedtalkersandcheckToday well lived makes every yesterday a memory of happiness and very tomorrow a vision ofhope. Translate the following two passages into Chinese:（30

4、%）The opening of doors is a mystic act: it has in it some flavor of the unknown, some sense of moving into a new moment, a new pattern of the human It includes the highest glimpses of mortal gladness: reunions, reconciliations, the bliss of lovers long parted. Even in sadness, the opening of a door

5、may bring relief: it changes and redistributes human forces. But the closing of door is far more terrible. It is a confession of finality. Every door closed brings something to an end. And there are degrees of sadness in the closing of doors. A door slammed is a confession of weakness. A door gently

6、 shut is often the most tragic gesture in life. Every one knows the seizure of anguish that comes after the closing of a door, when the loved one is still near, within sound of voice, and yet already faraway.*Rigmarole: an elaborate or complicated procedureIflanguageweresimplyanomenclatureforasetofu

7、niversalconcepts,itwouldbeeasyto translatefromonelanguagetoanother.OnewouldsimplyreplacetheFrenchnameforaconcept withtheEnglishname.Iflanguagewerelikethisthetaskoflearninganewlanguagewouldalso bemucheasierthanitis.Butanyonewhohasattemptedeitherofthesetaskshasacquired,alas,a vast amount of direct pro

8、of that languages are not nomenclatures, that the concepts of one languagedifferradicallyfromthoseofanotherEachlanguagearticulatesororganizestheworld differently.Languagesdonotsimplynameexistingcategories,theyarticulatetheirown. Translate the following sentences intoEnglish:（20%）這孩子不太聽(tīng)話。多吃蔬菜對(duì)你的健康有益。

9、110報(bào)警。良藥苦口，忠言逆耳。男兒有淚不輕彈，皆因未到傷心處。瞧他那厚嘴唇，難看死了。兩個(gè)小孩瞪大了眼睛，驚恐地望著他們。味道不錯(cuò)，果然名不虛傳。她滿臉通紅，氣喘吁吁，從大門跑了進(jìn)來(lái)。TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish:（20%）落紅吳照明崖壁上，幾枝粗壯的樹干突兀而出，顯得虬勁有力，而地面落下的正是它的葉子。我信手揀起一枚葉，仔細(xì)地端詳著它的構(gòu)形：脈絡(luò)清晰，精巧別致，與樹干的形態(tài)形成鮮明的對(duì)比，這些小小的葉子呀，它們?cè)诖禾斓娜犸L(fēng)中舞過(guò)，在夏天的烈日中歌過(guò)，風(fēng)雨雷電的肆虐沒(méi)有使它們屈服，但在強(qiáng)勁的秋風(fēng)與冷酷的冰霜面前，它們卻顯得脆弱與無(wú)助，只能無(wú)奈

10、地融入大地，化作泥土。然而即使這樣，它們也沒(méi)有忘記大地母親的養(yǎng)育之恩，在走向死亡的一瞬間，它們還要披上美麗的盛裝，以舞者的資態(tài)，作一次神圣的涅盤，為大地奉上一曲無(wú)聲的頌歌，這于悲壯之中，又顯現(xiàn)出一種崇高。是宇宙的定勢(shì)，自然的規(guī)律。答案部分：北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)2000 年研究生入學(xué)考試試卷英語(yǔ)翻譯專業(yè)Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Explain what translation technique you use intranslatingtheitalicizedpartsandgiveyourreasonsinoneortwose

11、ntences.（30%）She lived and died avirgin.Thereisawonderfuluniverseouttherethatyoucouldntevenbegintodreamabout.Some of them suggested there might be a diplomatic price topay.The wait got the best of me, and I left my husband holding our place while I looked for aseat.Thebudgetbattlewas a nail-biter fo

12、rPresidentClintonandthe two Democratsshepherding the bill through Congress.YouaretellingAbigelephantisnomoreanimalthanalittlecatis.Janeskindlyandgentlenaturecouldnotbutrevoltathersisterscallousbehavior.The line outside the stock exchange wasfilledwithexcitedtalkersandcheckToday well lived makes ever

13、y yesterday a memory of happiness and very tomorrow a vision ofhope.譯文：1她死的時(shí)候都還是處女。Integrate the meaning of lived with that implied by died to avoid repetition and awkwardness. 2那兒的那個(gè)宇宙非常奇妙，就連做夢(mèng)都難以想象。In order to maintain the subjunctive mood indicated by the italicized part, functional words conveyi

14、ng similar mood in Chinese are added.有人認(rèn)為為此可能得在外交方面付出代價(jià)。Turn the adjective diplomatic into a prepositional phrase to make the meaning of the sentence clear.我充分利用了這段等待的時(shí)間，讓丈夫排著隊(duì)，我自己先去找位子。Bring out the hidden meaning of the set phrase something get the best of somebody by paraphrasing it.是十分扣人心弦的。Turn

15、 the noun nail-biter into an adjective. Put the prepositional phrase in front of the main clause in the Chinese rendering.還用你來(lái)告訴我？In order to make the meaning clear and achieve the same effects as the original sentence I turn it into a rhetorical question.Turn the negative way of expressing into a p

16、ositive one by adding some functional words to convey the implied meaning.簡(jiǎn)性格和善而溫柔，不由地對(duì)她姐姐的冷漠無(wú)情感到反感。Paraphrase the phrase could not but, which means “could only”. And split the sentence into two clauses.證券交易所外面排隊(duì)的人們不是興奮地在談話，就是忙著在開支票。Bring out the meaning of filled with by adding Chinese functional w

17、ords. Turn the nouns describing a certain kind of person into adverbs and verbs modifying that kind of person.如果把今天過(guò)好了，那么回憶昨天就會(huì)覺(jué)得幸福，展望明天又會(huì)感到充滿希望。Make the hidden logic indicating condition within the sentence explicit. Add verbs to makethe translation more idiomatic. Translate the following two passa

18、ges into Chinese:（30%）The opening of doors is a mystic act: it has in it some flavor of the unknown, some sense of moving into a new moment, a new pattern of the human It includes the highest glimpses of mortal gladness: reunions, reconciliations, the bliss of lovers long parted. Even in sadness, th

19、e opening of a door may bring relief: it changes and redistributes human forces. But the closing of door is far more terrible. It is a confession of finality. Every door closed brings something to an end. And there are degrees of sadness in the closing of doors. A door slammed is a confession of wea

20、kness. A door gently shut is often the most tragic gesture in life. Every one knows the seizure of anguish that comes after the closing of a door, when the loved one is still near, within sound of voice, and yet already faraway.*Rigmarole: an elaborate or complicated procedureIflanguageweresimplyano

21、menclatureforasetofuniversalconcepts,itwouldbeeasyto translatefromonelanguagetoanother.OnewouldsimplyreplacetheFrenchnameforaconcept withtheEnglishname.Iflanguagewerelikethisthetaskoflearninganewlanguagewouldalso bemucheasierthanitis.Butanyonewhohasattemptedeitherofthesetaskshasacquired,alas,a vast

22、amount of direct proof that languages are not nomenclatures, that the concepts of onelanguage differ radically from those of another Each language articulates or organizes the world differently. Languages do not simply name existing categories, they articulate their own.譯 文 ： 1開門這個(gè)動(dòng)作很神秘：既帶著一點(diǎn)未知的意味，又

23、帶著一點(diǎn)新時(shí)刻即將開始的感覺(jué)，是屋里屋外的人力如果語(yǔ)言僅僅是一系列普遍觀念的系統(tǒng)命名法而已，那么把一種語(yǔ)言翻譯成另一種語(yǔ)言就很簡(jiǎn)單了（可惜啊學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的人都擁有大量直接證據(jù)可以證明語(yǔ)言并不是系統(tǒng)命名法，而且一種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的觀念與另一種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的觀念大不相同每種語(yǔ)言用不同的方式來(lái)把世界系統(tǒng)化， 來(lái)組織世界。語(yǔ)言不僅給現(xiàn)存的事物類別命名，而且還系統(tǒng)地組織自己的類別。. Translate the following sentences intoEnglish:（20%）這孩子不太聽(tīng)話。多吃蔬菜對(duì)你的健康有益。110報(bào)警。良藥苦口，忠言逆耳。男兒有淚不輕彈，皆因未到傷心處。瞧他那厚嘴唇，難看死了。兩個(gè)小

24、孩瞪大了眼睛，驚恐地望著他們。味道不錯(cuò)，果然名不虛傳。她滿臉通紅，氣喘吁吁，從大門跑了進(jìn)來(lái)。隋煬帝數(shù)征高麗，無(wú)功而返，耗盡了國(guó)家資源。Translation:This child is somewhatdisobedient.Its good for your health to have more vegetables.Pleasedial110tocallthepoliceincaseofemergency.Faithfulwordsoffendtheearsjustasgoodmedicinetastesbitter./Just as bitter medicine cures sick

25、ness, unpalatable advice benefits conduct.Men never weep unless deeplyhurt.What a nightmare of thick lips hehas!Thetwochildrenstaredatthemwithwideeyesingreathorror.This tastes great! It well deserves itsreputation.Sherushedinthroughthegatewithareddenedface,gasping.Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty lau

26、nched several attacks against Koryo, a dynasty in Korea from the year 918 to 1392, without accomplishing anything and thus exhausted Chinasnational resources. Translate the following passage intoEnglish:（20%）落吳照明崖壁上，幾枝粗壯的樹干突兀而出，顯得遒勁有力，而地面落下的正是它的葉子。我信手揀起一枚葉，仔細(xì)地端詳著它的構(gòu)形：脈絡(luò)清晰，精巧別致，與樹干的形態(tài)形成鮮明的對(duì)比，這些小小的葉子呀

27、，它們?cè)诖禾斓娜犸L(fēng)中舞過(guò)，在夏天的烈日中歌過(guò)，風(fēng)雨雷電的肆虐沒(méi)有使它們屈服，但在強(qiáng)勁的秋風(fēng)與冷酷的冰霜面前，它們卻顯得脆弱與無(wú)助，只能無(wú)奈地融入大地，化作泥土。然而即使這樣，它們也沒(méi)有忘記大地母親的養(yǎng)育之恩，在走向死亡的一瞬間，它們還要披上美麗的盛裝，以舞者的姿態(tài)，作一次神圣的涅盤，為大地奉上一曲無(wú)聲的頌歌，這于悲壯之中，又顯現(xiàn)出一種崇高。是宇宙的定勢(shì)，自然的規(guī)律。Translation:The Fallen LeavesBy Wu ZhaomingFromthecliffseveralthicktrunksprotruded,lookingsturdy.Thefallenleavesontheground were fromt