高中英語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句講解課件(共90張)

1、英語(yǔ)中的三大從句 定語(yǔ)從句 名詞性從句 Noun Clauses 狀語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句包括：賓語(yǔ)從句：介賓結(jié)構(gòu)；動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)Object Clause表語(yǔ)從句：系表結(jié)構(gòu)(系動(dòng)詞后面跟一個(gè)從句)主語(yǔ)從句: 一個(gè)句子做主語(yǔ)Subject Clause同位語(yǔ)從句：對(duì)其前面的名詞進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明 名詞性從句 主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句在句中做- 賓語(yǔ)從句在句中做-表語(yǔ)從句在句中做- 同位語(yǔ)從句在句中- 主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)從句1.概念： 2.主語(yǔ)從句的位置:（1）（2）什么是主語(yǔ)從句？用句子來(lái)充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)；亦可用it作形式主語(yǔ)位于句首，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。What we need is your hel

2、p.Whoever break the rule will be punished.位于句末， it is.that.句式中It is obvious that I am happy. 高考考點(diǎn)1.考察重點(diǎn)：連接詞的恰當(dāng)選用2.考察難點(diǎn)：帶有形式主語(yǔ)it 的主語(yǔ)從句 主要集中在以下題型： 1.語(yǔ)法填空 2.短文改錯(cuò) 3.寫(xiě)作運(yùn)用（高級(jí)句型）1. 不做成分：that，whether“是否”2. 做成分：what(ever)(物)， who(ever)/whom(人）， which哪個(gè)/些3. 做狀語(yǔ)：when(ever), where(ever), why, how(ever)學(xué)習(xí)主語(yǔ)從句要注意

3、的問(wèn)題 1、連接詞連接詞 whether 在句中不充當(dāng)成分，意為“是否” Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference. Whether life exists on other planets is not clear. Whether hell come here isnt clear. Whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not is under discussion.連接詞：that 在句子中不充當(dāng)任何成分，無(wú) 意義，不可

4、省略 That he will win is certain. That he played computer games into night made his parents disappointed.連接副詞 when(時(shí)間), where(哪里), why(為什么), how(怎么；如何)有詞義，在從句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)。 Why Chen Lin committed suicide has not been clear yet. How this happened is not clear to anyone. Where he found the treasure remains a my

5、stery. When we will hold the graduation ceremony has not been decided yet. When they will leave is not decided.連接代詞：who(誰(shuí)，主格); whom(誰(shuí)；賓格); whose (誰(shuí)的); what(什么事/話(huà)); which(哪一個(gè)）; whoever(無(wú)論誰(shuí)), whatever(無(wú)論什么), whichever (無(wú)論哪一個(gè)) 在句子中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)Who will host the meeting hasnt been decided yet.Which plan

6、 is better should be discussed.Whoever comes to China is welcome.Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others. Whoever breaks the law will be punished.解題三步曲Step1: Step2: Step3:找出從句部分分析從句缺不缺成分。原則：先看成分，后含義缺：人who(ever)，物what(ever) , which 哪個(gè)/些, why, how, when(ever), where(ever) 不缺：tha

7、t, whether是否突破方法1. That he will succeed is certain .2. Whether he will go there is not known .3. What was said is not true .4. When they will start has not been decided yet.5. What the teacher said today was quite right.找出從句和分析從句成分 不缺 “是否”缺主語(yǔ)缺時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)缺賓語(yǔ) 考點(diǎn)一：that 與 what 的用法What he said makes me happy.Th

8、at a new teacher will come is true .請(qǐng)你歸納 只起連接作用，無(wú)意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分. 連接作用, 又在從句中作 主語(yǔ), 賓語(yǔ), 表語(yǔ)。ThatWhat(1) _ he told us this morning was just a lie.(2) _ is important to us is enough time.(3) she is still alive is great news to all of us.WhatWhatThat練一練 請(qǐng)找出下列句中的從句并下劃線(xiàn)，再用what或that填空1. If the meeting will b

9、e put off has not been decided yet.Whether(1) 主語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí),只用whether.(2) 從句后有or或緊跟or not時(shí),只用whether.下面從句的引導(dǎo)詞是否正確？考點(diǎn)二： whether 與 if 的區(qū)別2. If we will travel abroad or not has not been decided.WhetherTask 3 請(qǐng)找出下列句中的從句并下劃線(xiàn)，再 用 that, whether, what, who 填空 1. he made an important speech at the meeting was tr

10、ue.2. well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .3. the professor said is of great importance.4. will go to the college is still uncertain . ThatWhetherWhatWho練一練看圖根據(jù)句意翻譯他是不是我的孩子仍然是個(gè)問(wèn)題。 remains a question.Whether he is my child我最喜歡的是你的發(fā)型。 is your hairstyle.What I like most 我需要的就是休息。 is rest.Wh

11、at I need 注意: 由that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡, 避免 “頭重腳輕”, 常用 it 作形式主語(yǔ), 而把從句放在后面。 例如: 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._ _2.That they should like each other is natural. _2、it做形式主語(yǔ)It is natural that they should like each other.It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice

12、.這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +從句 It is a pity/shame that. 遺憾的是 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是 It is a fact that 是事實(shí) It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)*_(很遺憾)we lost the match.*_(這是事實(shí))he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that 事實(shí)是我們周?chē)奈廴菊兊迷絹?lái)越嚴(yán)重。 the pollution around us is becoming more an

13、d more serious . It is a fact that2) It is + adj. +從句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明顯 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明顯)this measure is effective.+(should) +doIt is possible thatIt is obvious

14、that we should learn English well.It is necessay that我們學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很有必要。很明顯她不是我們的英語(yǔ)老師._she is not our English teacher.It is obvious that3) It + be +過(guò)去分詞+從句 It is said that. 據(jù)說(shuō) It is known to all that. 眾所周知 It is reported that. 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is believed that.據(jù)信;人們相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建議It must be a

15、dmitted that必須承認(rèn) It cannot be denied that 不可否認(rèn) It must be pointed out that需指出的是 *_(據(jù)報(bào)道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建議)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that課下思考：It is suggested that + sb. (should）do. 建議 除了suggest , 我們還學(xué)過(guò)哪些動(dòng)詞可以用在這個(gè)句型中？4

16、) It +不及物動(dòng)詞+從句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起_(剛好) I came into the office atthat time._(我突然想起) I forget to sent the letter.5) It + 及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+that從句It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.It shocked me that he didnt tell anybody where he was.It happened thatIt occurred to

17、me that_(建議)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is suggested that請(qǐng)用“It + be +過(guò)去分詞”完成句子 據(jù)報(bào)道這位著名的籃球明星已經(jīng)去世了。_the famous basketball star has passed away.It is reported that寫(xiě)作運(yùn)用請(qǐng)你幫李華用英文翻譯以下信內(nèi)容。1.得知學(xué)?；@球隊(duì)正在尋找新隊(duì)員，我很興奮。 I am very excited to learn that _. 2.我可能會(huì)加入，所以我寫(xiě)信邀請(qǐng)你和我一起去。 It is possibl

18、e that_ .3.眾所周知，打籃球不僅可以豐富我們的校園生活，而且有益于 我們的健康。（用not only.but also. ）4.我們有必要通過(guò)鍛煉來(lái)鍛煉身體。 It is necessary that_ . 5.我希望我所說(shuō)的能對(duì)你有所幫助。 I hope that_ .I am very excited to learn that1. our school basketball team is looking for new members .2. It is possible/likely that I will join in it , so Im writing to inv

19、ite you to come with me3. It is known to us that playing basketball can not only enrich our campus life, but also benefit our health.4. It is necessary that we build up our body by doing exercises.5. I hope that what I said may help you.Conclusion高考對(duì)主語(yǔ)從句的考察點(diǎn)側(cè)重以下兩點(diǎn)：1.連接詞的恰當(dāng)選用,尤其是that和what的辨析。whether

20、和if 的用法區(qū)別2.帶有形式主語(yǔ)it 的主語(yǔ)從句 主語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)特別注意的問(wèn)題(一). 語(yǔ)序應(yīng)是陳述句語(yǔ)序How he managed to survive in the forest interested everyone present.When he will come is not known.What he needs is an English dictionary. (二). 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)When we shall hve our sports meeting _(have) not been decided yet. What I need _(be) money. Wha

21、t I need _(be) books. When they will start and where they will go _(have) not been decided yet. When and where the meeting will be held _(have) not been decided. 看從句的含義或其后邊的名詞或代詞的數(shù)。hasisarehavehas(三) if/wheter 在主語(yǔ)從句中的用法If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. Whether the meeting will

22、 be put off has not been decided yet.注意：whether 可以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句可以放在句首，但if不能(四). 判斷以下句子是否正確：They like each other is natural.That they like each other is natural.It is natural that they like each other.錯(cuò)誤正確正確that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放句首，既不充當(dāng)成分又無(wú)意義，但that不能省去。找出錯(cuò)誤并改正。想一想，為啥這么改？1.Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided

23、. 2.You have made a mistake is a fact. 3. If the policeman will come is not certain.4. That is certain that we can win.we shallWhetherItThat you have5. It is ordered we should leave at once. 6. Where he comes from are a mystery.7. What whether he likes the job is not clear.8. Who he is and where he

24、is from is important. 9.What he saw is the stars in the sky.thatisxareareExercises :Part One: 主語(yǔ)從句單選題1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.WhoeverD2.It was he said disappointed me.A.what ;that B.that; that C.what;what D.that;whatA3. well go camping tomo

25、rrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.WhereB4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A.What B. That C.The fact D.The matterA5. was to return to school.A.That really interested him B.What really interested himC.Which really interested him D.That interest him reallyB6. makes

26、 mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.WhateverC7. your men have been on my land without permission.A.It seems that B.There seems to be C.That seems D.It seems forA8.It has always puzzled me the old man lied a red silk ribbon on the young tree.A.that B.why C.where D.whatB_ he made an

27、important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where Choose the best choice 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A.whether B. that C. what D. when4.What I say and think _ none of yo

28、ur business. A. is B. are C. has D have 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last ought to

29、turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever請(qǐng)用恰當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z(yǔ)從句連詞填空: What ,it ,that , whether, whoeverCorrect or not?*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet. be held hasnt been known yet.Pay attention: 主語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。10 the cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence3

30、01.The question is _ the film is interesting.2._ we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. 用whetherif填空whetherWhether10talk aboutthe use of cell phoneWhat they are talking about is the use of cell phone.Make a sentence30* If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Correct or not?Whet

31、her we will. decided yet.Pay attention:放在名詞性從句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether, 不能用if10report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.Make a sentence30 Correct or not?Pay attention:此主語(yǔ)從句缺少成分-賓語(yǔ)，故用作成分的what來(lái)引導(dǎo)，而不用that。What she wants to know is.*That she wan

32、ts to know is when the party will be held . 10 Correct or not?Pay attention:由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放在句首，that 不能省略。That he will give up He will give up his job surprises all of us.10Translate the sentence*_（她是否出席會(huì)議）is not certain.Whether she will attend the meeting20It makes the teacher angry that the child doe

33、snt know the answer.teacher angryDont know the answerMake a sentence30What makes the teacher angry is that the child doesnt know the answer._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That

34、 D Where 3._ is known to us all that America is a developed country . A Which B As C What D It 練一練4. Its known to us all _ a form of energy . A. water is B. that water is C. is water D. that water to 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. whether B. that C. what D. when6.What I say

35、and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have賓語(yǔ)從句GrammarNoun clauses as the object 賓語(yǔ)從句 什么叫賓語(yǔ)從句？ 在復(fù)合句中,用來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的整個(gè)句子就叫賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞種類(lèi)功能（都起連接主從句作用）從屬連詞 that無(wú)成分，無(wú)意思，可以?。ǖ⒘械馁e語(yǔ)從句中第一個(gè)that可省，其他的不能?。膶龠B詞If/whether無(wú)成分，有意思“是否”，不能省（在介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中只用whether 不用if）連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose等在從句中

36、充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，連接副詞when, where, why, how等在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)1.主從句時(shí)態(tài)不照應(yīng)原則： 即如果主句用與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受限制，可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要來(lái)確定。2.主從句時(shí)態(tài)照應(yīng)原則： 即如果主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)相照應(yīng)，也應(yīng)該用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。3.如果賓語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容是客觀事實(shí)，真理等，只用 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：應(yīng)選用陳述句語(yǔ)序。賓語(yǔ)從句的重難點(diǎn)突破 1.The leaders of the battle ordered _all of us_the work on time. A. if; finished

37、 B. that; finish C. whether; finished D. what; finished注意一 :虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用insist;order,command;advise,suggest,propose;require,request, ask,demand(一堅(jiān)持,二命令,三建議,四要求)總結(jié)歸納 在一些表示堅(jiān)持、命令、建議、要求等意義的動(dòng)詞后，that 賓語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)常用（should+）動(dòng)詞原形，表示虛擬。1.堅(jiān)持：insist2.命令：order, command3.建議：suggest, propose, advise4.要求：desire, deman

38、d, require, request1. 她堅(jiān)持要把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。 She insisted that she (should) organize the trip properly.2. 他命令關(guān)閉所有的大門(mén)。 He commanded that all the gates (should) be shut.3. 我建議他應(yīng)該更努力學(xué)習(xí)。 I suggested that he (should) study harder. 4. 老師要求我們和睦相處。 The teacher requests that we (should) get along well with each o

39、ther.注意二： 賓語(yǔ)從句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)，特別是它的語(yǔ)序2.I just wonder_that makes him so excited.A.why it does B.what is it C.How it is D.what it is3.The shopkeeper did not want to sell itfor _ he thought was not enough. A.where B.how C.what D.which注意三： 賓語(yǔ)從句中插入語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象4.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news . A. how he w

40、as excited B. how was he excited C. how excited he was D. he was how excited注意四： 賓語(yǔ)從句中的感嘆句的語(yǔ)序5. I couldnt understand _ with me. A.the matter was what B.what the matter was C.what was the matter D.that was the matter注意五: 賓語(yǔ)從句中的特殊語(yǔ)序6.This kind of plant grows best in_we think is warm and rainy. （插入語(yǔ)）A.

41、what B. which C.that D. where注意六： what 在賓語(yǔ)從句中的活譯, 可譯為“的事情，的東西，的樣子, 的地方等。 7.Its a question of _would take the position. A.who B.whom C.why D.what注意七：介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中句子成分的分析來(lái)確定連接詞的選擇。it 做形式賓語(yǔ) it ?？梢苑旁趧?dòng)詞think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)-that從句后置,特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中。 We heard it that she wou

42、ld get married next month. 我們聽(tīng)說(shuō)他下個(gè)月要結(jié)婚了。We think it necessary that everyone should form agood habit .動(dòng)詞+it+形容詞+that從句，it 為形式賓語(yǔ)，that從句為真正的賓語(yǔ)。We think that middle school students master oneforeign language possible . (改用形式賓語(yǔ) it )We think it possible that middle school students master one foreign langu

43、age.我不知道他來(lái)不來(lái)。我想知道他來(lái)還是不來(lái)。你們是在談?wù)撝麃?lái)還是不來(lái)嗎？I dont know whether/if he will come.I want to know whether he will come or not.Are you talking about whether he will come?whether/if 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句歸納總結(jié)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if. 但是，whether常與or not連用；作介詞賓語(yǔ)只用whether.She asked Tom_was the matter with his car.2.Will

44、 you tell me _ I can keep healthy?3.This depends on _the money we have is enough.4. Her wish is _she could lose weight soon.5. Could you tell me _ Marry lives?whatwherewhetherthathow牛刀小試1. The shocking news made me realize _ terrible problems we would face. (北京2011)A. what B. how C. that D. why2. We

45、 havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. (2010課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷)A. that B. which C. what D. where3. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. (山東2010)A. why B. what C. how D. which4. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the

46、 office knew _ she was so angry. (湖南2010)A. where B. whether C. that D. why5. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. (四川2010)A. what B. who C. how D. whysummary一. that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1.that省略情況2.否定前移3.that賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣4.that從句中it 作形式賓語(yǔ)二.whethe

47、r/if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句三、其他連接詞連接的賓語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)主要有：引導(dǎo)詞，時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)序1、Correct the errors1.If you like him or not is none of my business.2.When and where we shall have our sports meeting have not been decided yet.3.It is suggested that we will hold a meeting next week . 4.The young man wanted to know was where the gold had been hidden.5.Whatever leaves the room last should turn off the lights.主語(yǔ)從句課后練習(xí)2、Complete the sentences1. _(我們要去哪度假) hasnt been decided.2. _(他是否會(huì)來(lái))is still a question.3. _（我們所需要的）is time.5._(他會(huì)來(lái))is certain.6._(哪個(gè)隊(duì)將贏得比賽) is uncertain.4