高考英語非謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)課件(共67張)

1、Non-predicate Verbs 高考英語非謂語動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)非謂語不定式（to do)分詞動(dòng)名詞（-ing)過去分詞(-ed)現(xiàn)在分詞(-ing)- Ing形式一：構(gòu)成-ed形式1.謂語動(dòng)詞：2. 非謂語動(dòng)詞：在句子中擔(dān)任謂語的動(dòng)詞 是動(dòng)詞的特殊形式，在句中可以作除謂語外的所有成分(通俗地說，就是不能作謂語的動(dòng)詞變形）二 ：謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞判別謂語動(dòng)詞及非謂語動(dòng)詞的方法She got off the bus, _ (leave) her handbag on her seat.2. She got off the bus, but _ (leave) her handbag on her

2、 seat.leavingleft非謂語動(dòng)詞使用條件一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語動(dòng)詞）,又沒有連詞的情況下, 還有別的動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí)。 由此可見，連詞在決定句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及謂語動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞的使用中起著關(guān)鍵的作用。The man took out the key, _ (open) the door and entered the room.2. The man sat there, _ (read) a book.3. _ (work) hard, and you will succeed.4. The question _ (discuss) at the meeting yesterd

3、ay is of great importance.5. _(improve) his spoken English, Mr. Zhang goes to the English corner every Saturday.openedreadingWork discussedTo improve 非謂語動(dòng)詞主語賓語表語定語賓補(bǔ)狀語不定式動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞三 ：非謂語動(dòng)詞的句法作用 1 The teachers sitting there are from other schools.表語2 We saw some teachers sitting there. 賓語補(bǔ)足語3 We nee

4、d to be active in class. 賓語謂語賓語主語定語連系動(dòng)詞劃分句子成分 4. To see you is glad. =Its glad to see you. 5. I want to see you. 6. I want him to see you. 7. My hope is to see you. 8. He is the man to see you. 9. Im glad to see you. 10. I went to see you. 11. He went so early as to see you.（作主語）(作賓語）（作賓補(bǔ)）(作表語）（作定語）

5、（作原因狀語）（作目的狀語）（作結(jié)果狀語）12.Swimming is his favorite sport. 13.He enjoys swimming. 14.I found him swimming in the river. 15.His favorite sport is swimming.16.He is the man swimming in the river just now. 17. Swimming in Summer ,we can get cool.(作主語)(作賓語)(作賓補(bǔ))(作表語)(作狀語)(作定語)動(dòng)詞不定式一. 動(dòng)詞不定式的基本構(gòu)成由不定式符號to加動(dòng)詞原

6、形構(gòu)成。其否定式由not+不定式構(gòu)成主動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式完成式進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式to doto be doneto have doneto have been done to be doingto have been doing 1. 不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，或之后發(fā)生用一般時(shí)態(tài) 1) He wanted _ (see) you. 2) I hope _(see) you again.2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) When I came in, he pretended (read) a book. 3. 強(qiáng)調(diào) 不定式的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生時(shí)，用不定式完成時(shí) He is

7、 said _ (write) a novel last year. 4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去 時(shí)，用完成進(jìn)行式 She is said (work) on the problem for many years. to seeto seeto be readingto have writtento have been working二.不定式時(shí)態(tài)的用法當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)It is an honor for me _(ask) to speak here .She asked _ (send) to work in Tibet .

8、The book is said _ (translate) into English.to be sentto have been translated三.不定式被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法to be asked1. Tom happened _ (pass) by when they spoke ill of him.2. We all hope _ (become) scientists.3. We all want _ (take) part in the sports meet.4. I happened _ (read) the article when he asked me about it

9、.5. He pretended _ (be) a driver.6. When the father came home, the naughty boy pretended _ (do) his homework. to be passingto becometo taketo have readto beto be doing7. He is said to _ (write) a novel now.be writing8. He is said _ (send) to London already.9. She is said _ (meet) a fairy one day.10.

10、 Alice is said _ (do) her homework in her own room now.11. I dont expect them _ (wait) for me when I arrived there so late.12. These boys are said _ (praise) for doing goods deeds.to have been sentto have metto be doingto be waitingto be praised動(dòng)詞不定式To do that sort of thing is foolish。I want to see

11、you this eveningAll you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English.I warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主語 賓語表語 定語 狀語 賓補(bǔ)1.作主語 To see is to believe Not to get there in time is your fault.注：常用it做形式主語，將to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。句型1

12、：It + 謂語 + to doIt takes us an hour _ (get )there by bus.句型2：Its + n. + to doIts our duty _ (help) the poor. It is a great enjoyment _ (spend ) our holiday in the mountainsto getto helpto spend四. 動(dòng)詞不定式的句法作用句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.It is + adj + for sb to do sthIt is + adj + of sb to do st

13、h（是形容人的品質(zhì)的 ）（是形容事物的性質(zhì)的 ）It is easy _ me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor _ us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind _ you to give me some help.Its impolite _ you to speak to the teacher like that.forforofof常見動(dòng)詞有：口訣：想要決定同意，希望許諾選擇 want, decide, hope, agree, choose, w

14、ish, need ,promise2.作賓語 I want to know this matter.like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, prefer, forget, mean, prepare, pretend, continue, start, afford, hate等I dont expect to meet you here.1).接不定式做賓語1 I agreed_ ( go ) there with the docto

15、r. My daughter preferred _ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties.3. He had promised _ ( give ) me a hand. to go to dance to give 2). find /feel/think/supposeit+adj.+to do sth.1. 不定式與動(dòng)名詞無區(qū)別 start begin continue注意下列情況中begin和start后須接不定式主語是物不是人 Spring came on, and the snow began to melt.begin和start用于進(jìn)行

16、時(shí)態(tài) Its beginning to snow.后接表示心理活動(dòng)或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如：understand, realize, know I began to realize how stupid I was.后接不定式被動(dòng)式 The new type of computer began to be developed in the 1980s.注意下列動(dòng)詞beginstartcontinue +to do doing2. 不定式與動(dòng)名詞區(qū)別細(xì)微 后接動(dòng)名詞表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，多指一個(gè)人的愛好、習(xí)慣等，后接不定式表示具體的特定的某一次動(dòng)作 I like _ (swim) in summer. I

17、didnt like _ (swim) that day.swimmingto swimlikelovehatepreferlearn+to dodoingrememberforgetregret+to dodoingtrymeanstopgo on cant help+to dodoingExx.The teacher is coming, lets stop _ (talk).She tried _ (read), but couldnt make her forget her trouble.He forgot even _ (write) to me, so he wrote anot

18、her one.I remember _ (bring) the book to you last week.I regret _ (tell) that we cant take your advice.6. Revolution means _(liberate) the productive forces.7. Go on _ (do) the other exercise after you have finished this one.8. Though it began to rain, they went on _ (get) In the crops on the field.

19、talkingreadingwritingbringingto tellliberatingto dogetting3.作表語注意一致性 _(do) two things at a time is to do neither _ (see) is to believe. To do To see主語中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí),這時(shí)不定式可省略toAll you have to do is (to) finish the job quickly.4）作定語：sth.須放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后。 I have a meeting to attend.不定式為vi.時(shí)，其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞，如： He fo

20、und a good house to live in.The child has nothing to worry about.What did you open it with?to do(動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是主句的主語）to be done (動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者不是主句的主語）I have some clothes to wash./to be washed.一般修飾將要去做的事She has a lot of work to do in the morning. There be句型中不定式to do和to be done都可表被動(dòng)，可以不區(qū)別。There are a lot of things to

21、 do/to be done this afternoon. Mr. Smith，I have some questions_ (ask).Please give me some books_ (read).Im going to the post office; do you have anything _ (send)？to be sentto askto read the first /last /best /only to do（主動(dòng)式）Im hungry. Get me something_ (eat).He will show you the right path_ (take).

22、Those who have questions _ (ask) put up your hands.The books _ (send) to the poor mountain areas next week have been here.to eatto take5. He has a lot of work _ (do) today, so he cant go with us.6. We have a composition _ (write).7. He told me about the things_ (discuss) at the next meeting.8. They

23、have paid for the house _(build) next year.to askto be sentto doto writeto be discussedto be built表目的： in order（not）to do so as (not) to do 不能放在句首 （not )to do He worked day and night to get the money.She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.注意不定式放句首時(shí)，邏輯主語與句子主語要一致：To save money, every means has been

24、tried.To save money, he has tried every means.To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. 5）作狀語： 表結(jié)果：so as to do sth.such as to do sth.adj/adv+ enough to do sth.too to do sth.only to do sth.He hurried to school only to find it was Sunday.To be honest/T

25、o tell you the truth/To be frankTo speak franklyTo make things worseTo strart/begin withTo be exactTo make a long story short獨(dú)立成分（單獨(dú)使用）：6）作賓語補(bǔ)足語：帶to 的動(dòng)詞 sb. to do sth.不帶to 的動(dòng)詞 sb. do sth.(但改為被動(dòng)語態(tài) 時(shí)，不定式要加to)一感：feel + sb + do sth.二聽: hear, listen to三使役: let, make, have五看: see, watch, look at, observe,

26、 notice半幫助：help sb. (to )do sth.Eg. Teacher made him do that again and again. He was made to do that again and again.不能用此結(jié)構(gòu)的。sb.to do sth. (hope,demand,suggest,agree,refuse,inform,arrange there to be Eg. The headmaster declared there to be a meeting.一. 動(dòng)名詞的基本構(gòu)成主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般式doingbeing done完成式having don

27、ehaving been done動(dòng)名詞We are interested in _(play) football.He is afraid of _(leave) at home.I am sorry for not _(keep) my promise.The house showed some signs of _(destroy).playingbeing lefthaving kepthaving been destroyed二.動(dòng)名詞的作用1. 作主語Seeing is believing.Reading newspapers can increase our knowledge.

28、 no use no good no fun Its + a shame + doing a waste of time/money useless dangerous There is no + doing.=Its impossible to do sth. 動(dòng)名詞表示經(jīng)常性、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 不定式表示具體的、某一次的動(dòng)作 To do morning exercises today is not good for health. Doing morning exercises every day is good for health. To smoke here is dangerous.

29、 Smoking is not a good habit. to do 表示具體的動(dòng)作 -ing 表示泛指的動(dòng)作 Her work is _( look ) after the children.My aim is _( go ) to Tsing Hua University.One of my bad habits is _(bite )nails.2.作表語3. 作賓語 S. + vt.+ doing在某些動(dòng)詞后要求用動(dòng)名詞作賓語，不能用不定式，常見的這類動(dòng)詞有：避免錯(cuò)過 (少) 延期 avoid miss delay/postpone建議完成 (多) 練習(xí) suggest / advi

30、se finish practise喜歡想象 禁不住 enjoy/appreciate/ imagine/ resist/cant help承認(rèn) 否定 (與) 嫉妒 admit deny envy逃脫 冒險(xiǎn) (莫) 原諒 escape / envy /risk /pardon / excuse忍受 保持 (不) 在意 stand keep / keep on mind prefer.to. look forward to be used to put off give up S. + keep on + doing succeed in cant help feel like be busy

31、be worth have difficulty/trouble/problem (in)作介詞/短語動(dòng)詞的賓語:S. + v. + prep. + doing主動(dòng)表被動(dòng): want need Sth. + require+ doing be worth doing to be doneMost of them objected to_ (leave) in such a hurry. 2. These men have devoted themselves to _ (train) young man in order to set the worlds record.3. How abou

32、t Li Ming _ (help) you with the job.4. The mother warned her son against _ (fight) with other boys.5. The squirrel was so lucky that it just missed _ (catch).6. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ (persuade) into buying something they dont really need.7. While were developing agriculture an

33、d industry we must prevent earth _ (pollute). leavingtraininghelpingfightingbeing caught being persuadedbeing polluted動(dòng)名詞做定語往往說明所修飾詞的某種用途，一般放在被修飾詞的前面。 e.g. a washing machine = a machine which is used for washing a reading room = a room which is used for reading4. 作定語5.動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1).物主代詞 / 名詞所有格 + 動(dòng)名詞 在

34、句中作主語: _late made her teacher angry. _was a great encouragement to us. _wont be of much help.2).賓格代詞 / 名詞普通格+ 動(dòng)名詞 在句中作賓語: Im sure of _on time. He has never heard of _a pilot. I dont mind_. She hates_. 3). 名詞普通格+ 動(dòng)名詞 在句中作主語: 物主代詞 + 動(dòng)名詞 在句中作賓語: Do you mind_? Do you mind _your paper?Marys comingmy smok

35、inghis readingTheir coming to helpRoses goingyoung people (them) smokingJack (him) leavinga woman beinghim comingAnyone smoking here will be fined.1.他杰克沒準(zhǔn)時(shí)到火車站使得我們大家都很擔(dān)心。to the station on time made all of us worried.HisJacks not getting2.我杰克現(xiàn)在離開你介意嗎？Do you mind now?mymeJack leaving3.學(xué)生學(xué)好了英語對學(xué)習(xí)法語有幫助。

36、 well will help them to learn FrenchThe students knowing English4.我記得湯姆去過那里。I remember thereTom going5.你今天下午能回電話的話，我將非常感謝。I would appreciate back this afternoonyour calling6.瑪麗堅(jiān)持要我看信。Mary insisted on the lettermy reading _ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for. A. The gir

37、l was educated B. The girl educated C. The girls being educated D. The girl to be educated Ann never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon. A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance CA I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late. A.

38、 you to delay making B. your delaying making C. you delaying to make D. you delay to make I would appreciate _ it a secret. A. your keeping B. you to keep C. that you keep D. that you will keep He insisted on the windows _ open while he was sleeping. A. left B. being left C. leaving D. be left BAB6.

39、The road _ caused us to be for our work for half an hour. A. blocked B. was blocked C. blocking D. being blocked 7.The concerned mother was thrilled at the news of his son _ to college. A. had been admitted B. admitted C. having been admitted D. having admitted DC 及 物 動(dòng) 詞 主動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài) 現(xiàn)在分詞一般式 完成式 過去分詞一

40、般式 doinghaving donebeing donehaving been donedone一 .分詞的概述分詞：Participles現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別：語態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，過去分詞表被動(dòng)Do you know the woman talking to Tom?The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.時(shí)態(tài)上：現(xiàn)在分詞表進(jìn)行，過去分詞表完成developing country, boiling waterdeveloped country, boiled waterThe building _is our libra

41、ry._, the question was solved.As we visited the village, we saw new houses_._off the radio, he began to go over his lessons._his fathers letter, he decided to make a call to him.被動(dòng)式： 完成式：being repairedHaving being discussedbeing put upHaving turnedNot having received1、作定語（1）前置定語He is a promising you

42、ng man.Make less noise. Theres a sleeping child.We only sell used books.我們只賣用過的書。（2）后置定語,相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如：The young man sitting between John and Mary is the editor of the campus newspaper.二、分詞的作用The bridge built last month needs repairing. Those who wish to join the club should sign here Those wishing to

43、 join this club should sign here.The man, who had been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory.The man, having been disturbed so badly, almost lost his memory. 2、作賓語補(bǔ)足語 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, sb. +doing/done have, get 等詞I saw him walking in the street. 我看見他在街上走。 I heard them singing i

44、n the classroom.我聽見他們在教室里唱歌。 We found the boy sleeping. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)小孩睡著了。A）I heard my brother ( singing , sung ) in the next room B）I heard the song ( singing , sung ) in English . a.現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞在作狀語的區(qū)別3、作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行，過去分詞表被動(dòng)完成(Seeing/seen) from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory.(Seeing/seen

45、) from the top of the tower, the factory looks beautiful.(Hearing/heard) the bad news, they couldnt help crying.(Giving/Given) more time, we could do it better. I stood by the door, not daring to say a word.Hearing the bad news, they couldnt help crying.When they heard the bad newsb. 分詞作狀語相當(dāng)于狀語從句Giv

46、en more attention, the trees could have grown better.If they had been given more attentionBeing so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.Because he was so angryThey came into the classroom,singing and laughing.To serve the people well, I study hard. In order to serve the people well將下列狀語從句改為非謂語短語作狀語：Because

47、 she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder.Moved by the hero,2. When he found the door locked, he went home.Finding the door locked,3.He started early in order that he could get there on time.to get there on time分詞練習(xí)This is the problem _ (discuss) at the meeting now. _（tell) many times,

48、 he still couldnt understand it. _ (do) his homework, he went out for play. He sent me an e-mail, _ (hope) to get more advice_(not know) what to do, he phoned him again._(punish) by the teacher, he felt sad._(not receive) an answer, he decided to write anther letter.being discussedHaving been toldHa

49、ving donehopingNot knowingPunishedNot having received三、分詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身不是句子，在句子中作狀語，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨、目的等。-ing分詞及其短語 -ed分詞及其短語 形容詞及其短語 不定式及其短語 副詞及其短語 介詞及其短語名詞 / 代詞 +當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語不是主句的主語時(shí)，要給出它自己的主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。重點(diǎn)The job finished, we went home. The weather being fine, we went swimming. He being absent, nothing co

50、uld be done.相當(dāng)于：After the job was finished, we went home. Because the weather was fine, we went swimming. Because he was absent, nothing could be done. 1.The moon_, they decided to go on with their journey. The moon_, so they decided to go on with their journey.2.The pupils are walking slowly, their te