高考英語閱讀理解長難句理解課件

1、閱讀理解 長難句理解高中英語 長句是讓我們感到很困難的句子，長句的明顯特點(diǎn)就是句子比較長，一個(gè)句子往往有三、四行，甚至一個(gè)句子就是一段。許多應(yīng)試者在閱讀時(shí)經(jīng)常會陷入一個(gè)很長的句子中，不知道它到底講了些什么。長句之所以長，主要有下面幾個(gè)原因： 2. 復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu)，從句多又長。 1. 簡單句中分詞狀語、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的干擾。 3. 一個(gè)句子中既有從句又有分詞狀語或者獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 2一、簡單句結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)對策略：簡化長句，尋覓主干 分詞狀語就是指用 doing 或 done 引導(dǎo)的伴隨狀語、原因狀語等；獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)由with引導(dǎo)，看似主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，但實(shí)際上并沒有真正的謂語部分。應(yīng)對方法：主句最重要的特征就是

2、有完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其是獨(dú)立的謂語部分。什么樣的詞能構(gòu)成獨(dú)立的謂語部分？注意：do does和is am are的各種時(shí)態(tài)變化都可以做謂語，但是單純的to do doing done和to be being的形式是不可以做謂語的。一個(gè)看似句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，如果沒有獨(dú)立的謂語部分，那它就不是句子，而是分詞短語或者獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 3例1.（湖南卷真題卷）Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attackin patients with several common risk factors, including familyhistory of early heart

3、disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking. 57. Taking Lipitor is helpful for _. A. breast-feeding women B. women who are pregnant C. adults having heart disease D. teenagers with liver problems 莉普特可以降低有多種心臟病誘因的病人的患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這些誘因包括：患有早期家族遺傳心臟病、高血壓、老齡化和抽煙等。4例2. A child-like robot, Wakamaru, developed

4、 by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan and combining the roles of nurse, companion and security guard, will soon be in the market to look after the growing number of old people with no one to look after them.67. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Latest Development of Robot B. Japanese

5、 Robot and the Aging Society C. Vast Market of the New Robot D. Japanese-built Robot to Help the Old 一個(gè)由日本Mitsubishi Heavy Industries開發(fā)的，并且結(jié)合了護(hù)士，伙伴和安全護(hù)衛(wèi)角色的像小孩一樣的機(jī)器人Wakamaru，將很快進(jìn)入市場來照看越來越多的無人照看的老年人。5例3. I wrote letters, fill out forms, translated at interviews withImmigration officers, took my grandp

6、arents to the doctor and translated there, and even discussed telephone bills with company representatives. 59. What can we learn about the author from Para 4 A. She worked as a translator. B. She attended a lot of job interviews. C. She paid telephone bills for her family. D. She helped her family

7、with her English. 我寫信，填表，在移民局的面試中翻譯，帶我祖父母去看醫(yī)生并順便充當(dāng)翻譯，甚至和公司代表討論電話賬單。6二、復(fù)合句結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)對策略： 一個(gè)主句帶多個(gè)從句，從句中又有從句。應(yīng)對方法： 首先找到主句的主體部分（即主語、謂語和賓語），再確定從句的主體部分，如果從句中還有從句，在確定下面一層從句的主、謂、賓。注意閱讀時(shí)一層一層進(jìn)行，先把同一層次的內(nèi)容看完，再看下一層次的內(nèi)容。 7例4.（湖南卷真題卷）The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by

8、 recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. 67. What were the people asked to do in the study?A. To make a face at each other

9、 B. To get their faces impressiveC. To classify some face pictures D. To observe the researchers faces 研究者們研究了讀懂他人的臉部表情方面的文化差異，這些研究是通過觀察13個(gè)西方白種人和13個(gè)東方亞洲人的臉部表情的圖片，并予以分類：高興，悲傷，驚訝，害怕，厭惡，生氣或中立，從而記錄下他們的眼部運(yùn)動(dòng)而進(jìn)行的。8例5. I believe the main reason why the modern hunter kills is that he thinks people will admir

10、e his courage in overpowering dangerous animals. 73. The author thinks modern hunters kill mainly _. A. to make the countryside safe B. to earn peoples admiration C. to gain power and influence D. to improve their health 我相信現(xiàn)代獵人捕獵的主要原因是他認(rèn)為人們會欽佩他制服了危險(xiǎn)動(dòng)物的勇氣。9例6. The value of the lecture is that it can

11、 present to a large number of people information which is not readily available in books, that it can give you an opportunity to hear a specialist develop a coherent（有條理的）argument, and that it can show visual material to a wide audience.69. One of the values of the lecture is _. A. to make friends t

12、hrough groups B. to learn more about other peoples ideas C. to offer a chance to discuss with a specialist D. to present to students information not found in books 講座的價(jià)值就是它能給一大群人呈現(xiàn)在書本里根本看不到的信息，它能給你一個(gè)機(jī)會聽一個(gè)專家有條理的論證，它還能給很多觀眾展示視覺材料。10例7. Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the

13、19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education. 69. The words “hooked on teaching” underlined in Paragraph 2 probably mean _. A. attracted to teaching B. tired of teaching C. sati

14、sfied with teaching D. unhappy about teaching 19歲的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生 Ralph Tyler 1902 年出生于芝加哥，在Nebraska撫養(yǎng)長大并受教育；當(dāng)他在South Dakota當(dāng)科學(xué)老師時(shí)，變得對教學(xué)感興趣，從而改變了他的主修專業(yè)，從醫(yī)學(xué)改成了教育。11三、一個(gè)句子中既有從句又有分詞狀語或者獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)對策略： 從前向后，抓住獨(dú)立的謂語部分從而區(qū)別出主句和分詞狀語，再根據(jù)從句的連接詞（有時(shí)無連接詞）區(qū)分主句和從句，層層理解，插入語插在哪個(gè)層次中就放在哪個(gè)層次中理解。12例8. Before 1066, in the land we now

15、call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west-central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a m

16、ixture of Anglos, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. 1. The two major languages spoken in what is now called Great Britain before 1066 were _. A. Welsh and Scottish B. Nordic and Germanic C. Celtic and Old English D. A

17、nglo-Saxon and Germanic 威爾士人生活在中西部，他們說話的語言是凱爾特語的；斯科特人生活在北部，他們的語言盡管和威爾士人不同但也仍然是凱爾特語的。13例9. For reasons I wont get into today, I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as broken”; and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chi