三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)分解

1、三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)分解三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)分解26/26三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)分解第三章：三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)已知：發(fā)電機(jī)輸出功率：PN6.1KW，效率為90.9%，=電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出功率：PN=6.1/87%=7.01KW依照已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)電機(jī)，可選擇Y132M-4作為它的原動(dòng)機(jī)拖動(dòng)發(fā)電。Y132-M4異步電動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)及磁路計(jì)算已知數(shù)據(jù)：輸出功率p17.5kw額定電壓U1380V相數(shù)m3頻率f50HZ極數(shù)p2級(jí)絕緣，連續(xù)運(yùn)行（一）額定數(shù)據(jù)和主要尺寸：1.額定功率：Pn7.5KW2.額定電壓：UNUN380V（接）3.功電流：IkWPN7.5103A6.58AmUN3380效率：0.87功率因素：cos0.85

2、極對(duì)數(shù)：p2定轉(zhuǎn)子槽數(shù)每相每極槽數(shù)取整數(shù)q13則Z12mpq1232336Z232并采用斜肩平底槽定轉(zhuǎn)子每極槽數(shù)Zp1Z1362p94Zp2Z2322p849確定電機(jī)電機(jī)主要尺寸主要尺寸來(lái)確定Dil和lefKE0.0108lnPN0.013p0.9310.0108ln7.50.01320.9310.927計(jì)算功率PKEPNcos7.51030.9270.850.879.4KW初選ap0.68，KNm1.095，Kdp0.96可取A25600A，取B0.67T，1m假設(shè)n1440rmin。V6.11papKNmKdpABn16.119.41030.681.0950.96256000.671440

3、0.00324m3取1.5則32pV34mmDil1.50.003240.141按定子內(nèi)外徑比求出定子沖片外徑D1Di10.1410.2203mDi1/D0.64取D10.22mDi1D1(Di1D)0.22/0.640.141m斷念的有效長(zhǎng)度：lefV0.003240.163mDi210.1412取斷念長(zhǎng)li0.160m10氣隙的確定0.3(0.47Di1li)1030.3(0.470.1410.160)103m0.4103m于是斷念有效長(zhǎng)度lefli2(0.16020.0004)mm0.161轉(zhuǎn)子外徑D2Di12(0.14120.0004)m0.140m轉(zhuǎn)子內(nèi)徑先按轉(zhuǎn)軸直徑：Di20.04

4、8m11極距Di10.1412p0.111m412定子齒距Di10.141mt1360.0123Z1轉(zhuǎn)子齒距D20.140mt2320.0161Z213定子繞組采用單層繞組，交織式，節(jié)距1-9，2-10，11-1214為了削弱齒諧波磁場(chǎng)的影響，轉(zhuǎn)子采用斜槽，一般斜一個(gè)定子齒距t1，于是轉(zhuǎn)子斜槽寬bsk0.0130m設(shè)計(jì)定子繞組并聯(lián)支路a11.每槽導(dǎo)體數(shù)Ns13216.每相串通匝數(shù)N1Ns1Z13236384m1a131每相串通匝數(shù)N1繞組線(xiàn)規(guī)設(shè)計(jì)初選定子電密J14.0Amm2，計(jì)算導(dǎo)線(xiàn)并繞根數(shù)和每根導(dǎo)線(xiàn)截面積的乘積。I18.902.22mm2Ni1Ac1a1J114.

5、0其中定子電流初步預(yù)計(jì)值I1IKW6.588.90Acos0.870.85采用截面積周邊的銅線(xiàn)：高強(qiáng)度漆包線(xiàn)，并繞根數(shù)Ni12，線(xiàn)徑d11.18mm，絕緣后直徑d1.25mm，截面積Ac11.0936mm2，Ni1Ac12.1872mm2設(shè)計(jì)定子槽形Di12(h01hs11)bi1minb1Z10.1402(0.80.924)1031036.7365.9103mbi1minDi12(h01h22)2r1Z10.1412(0.814.5)1034.41032366.17103m取bi16.04103m槽在面積2r1bs1r12As2(hs2h)24.4224.46.7(14.50.5)按槽絕緣采

6、用DMDM復(fù)合絕緣，22138.9106m20.3mm，槽楔為h0.5mm，復(fù)合板，槽絕緣占面積。Aii(2h12ri)0.0003(20.01450.0044)12.8106m2槽滿(mǎn)率Ni1Ns1d22321.252Sf79.4%Aef126.1繞組系數(shù)Kp11qasin320sin2Kd120.9598qsina3sin2022其中a2236020p36Z1Kdp1Kd1Kp110.95980.9598每相有效串通導(dǎo)體數(shù)N1Kdp13840.9598368設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)子槽形與轉(zhuǎn)子繞組預(yù)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)條電流：3N1kdp13368A245.64AI2k1I1Z20.908.9036其中k10.90由資料

7、查出。初步取轉(zhuǎn)子導(dǎo)條電密Jb3.5Amm2，于是導(dǎo)條的截面積：ABI2245.64mm270.18mm2JB3.5D22(hs21hs02)bi2maxZ2bs210.142(1.300.5)1035.5103m327.89103mD22(hs21hs02hs22)bi2minZ2bs220.142(2330.5)10332310m6.13103mbi2bi21bi2max1(bi2maxbi2min)336.131031(7.891036.13103)m36.72103m導(dǎo)條截面積（轉(zhuǎn)子槽面積）AB(b02bs12)hs12(bs12bs22)hs2222(155)1.30(355)(231

8、.30)m22296.45106m2預(yù)計(jì)端環(huán)電流IRI2Z2245.6432A625.5A2p4端環(huán)所需面積IR625.522ARJRmm297.9mm2.1其中端環(huán)電密JR0.6JB2.1Amm2得端環(huán)所需面積為AR250106m2（二）磁路計(jì)算滿(mǎn)載電勢(shì)初設(shè)kE(1L)0.940E(1UVV1L)N0.940380357.2每極磁通初設(shè)ks1.25由圖3-5查得kNm1.090E14kNmkdp1fN1357.2Wb41.0900.9598501920.00889Wb為計(jì)算磁路各部分磁密，需先計(jì)算磁路中各部分的磁導(dǎo)截面每極下齒部截面積Ai1kFelibi1Zp10.950.1606.0410

9、398.26103m2Ai2kFelibi2Zp20.950.1606.7210388.17103m2定子軛部高度hj1D1Di2hs2rs1230.220.141(0.814.54.4)1034.4103m2319.3103m轉(zhuǎn)子軛部高度hj2D2Di2hs20.1400.048(230.5)10322.5103m22軛部導(dǎo)磁截面積Aj1kFelihj10.950.16019.3103m22.934103m2Aj2kFelihj20.950.16022.5103m23.42103m2一極下空氣隙截面積lef0.1110.163m20.01809m2波幅系數(shù)B111.47Fsap0.68Bav

10、氣隙磁密計(jì)算Fs1.470.00889TTB0.7220.01809定子齒部磁密：Fs1.470.00889TTBi18.261031.561Ai1轉(zhuǎn)子齒部磁密Fs1.470.00889TTBi28.171031.578Ai2從D23磁化曲線(xiàn)找出對(duì)應(yīng)上述磁密的磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度：Hi132.6AcmHi237.8Acm有效氣隙長(zhǎng)度efk1.0250.4103m0.41103m其中氣隙系數(shù)為kt1(4.40.75b01)10.75b01)b012t1(4.40.0123(4.40.41030.753.5103)0.0123(4.40.41030.753.5103)(3.5103)21.023k2t2(4.

11、40.75b02)(4.40.75b02)b022t20.0161(4.40.41030.751103)0.0161(4.40.41030.751103)(1103)21.0025k1k11.0231.00251.025齒部磁路計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度Li1(h11h21)1r2114.514.4m15.97103m33Li2(h12h22)1r2123103m3軛部磁路計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度(D13Lhj1)1(0.2219.310)m378.87103m3j12p28(D1hj1)1(0.2219.3103)378.87103m3Lj128m2p氣隙磁壓降kB1.0250.7220.4103235.57AF0.4106

12、A0齒部磁壓降Fi1Hi1Li132.610215.97103A52.06AFi2Hi2Li22310237.8103A86.94A37.飽和系數(shù)ksFFi1Fi2235.5752.0686.941.258F235.57誤差=1.2581.250.63%1%，合格1.258定子軛部磁密Bj110.00889TT2Aj122.9341031.450轉(zhuǎn)子軛部磁密Bj210.00889TT2Aj223.421031.242從D23磁化曲線(xiàn)找出對(duì)應(yīng)上述磁密的磁場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度：Hj115.5AcmHj273.8Acm軛部磁壓降：其中軛部磁位降校正系數(shù)由資料的附圖查出hj119.3103,BT于是0.174j1C

13、j10.4100.1111.450Fj1Cj1Hj1Lj10.41015.510278.8110350.08Ahj122.5103，BT于是0.203j2Cj20.4100.1111.242Fj2Cj2Hj2Lj20.4107.3810227.691038.991A每極磁勢(shì)FFFi1Fi2Fj1Fj2(22.74133.8654.5150.088.99)A85A滿(mǎn)載磁化電流：Im2pF4374.85AA0.9m1N1kdp10.931920.95983.014磁化電流標(biāo)么值Im*Im3.0140.458IkW6.58勵(lì)磁電抗Xms4fm1(N1kdp1)2lef0kspef4500.41063

14、(1920.9598)20.1670.1111.25820.41103146.46Xms*XmsIkW146.466.582.536UN380（三）參數(shù)計(jì)算線(xiàn)圈平均半匝長(zhǎng)單層線(xiàn)圈lclBKcy=0.195+1.20.09929=0.314mlBlt2d1=0.165+20.015=0.195my=Di12(h0h11)h21r21/2p=0.141+2(0.8+0.924)+(14.5-0.924)10-3+4.410-3/22=99.2910-3m節(jié)距比2/31,取=0.8其中d1是線(xiàn)圈直線(xiàn)部分伸出斷念的長(zhǎng)度，取1030mm。kc是經(jīng)驗(yàn)系數(shù)取1.247單層線(xiàn)圈端部平均長(zhǎng)lE2d1Kcy20.

15、015+1.20.0993=0.150m48漏抗系數(shù)Cx=4f0(N1Kdp1)2lefPN/m1pUN2=4500.410-7（0.9598192）20.1637.510-3/323802=0.0378749定子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)s1Ku1u1KL1L1=10.410+10.830=1.24u1h012h11b01(b01b11)0.820.9243.53.56.7=0.410L1=0.830因h21(14.50.924)=1.5432r2124.4b116.7=0.762r2124.4其中Ku1=KL1=150定子槽漏抗Xs1*2m1plt1s1CXZ1Kdp12lef2320.1601.24CX

16、360.959820.163=0.440Cx51定子諧波漏抗X*m1SCX12efKdp12Ks=30.1110.009CX20.411030.959821.368=0.5877Cx其中S=0.00952定子端部漏抗單層交織式繞組的端部漏抗與分組的單層同心式繞組周邊則：*0.47(lE0.64y)CXXE1Kdp12lef=0.47(0.1500.640.0993)CX0.1630.95982=0.270Cx53定子漏抗X1Xs1*X1*XE1*=（0.440+0.5877+0.27）Cx=1.2977Cx=0.049154轉(zhuǎn)子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)s2u2L20.51.732.23u2h020.50.5

17、b021L22h12(b02b12)L=21.30=1.735.5)(11.330h/b2，b1/b2=7.6=1.83查表得L=1.33055轉(zhuǎn)子槽漏抗Xs2*2m1plt2s1CXZ2lef=230.1602.23CX320.163=0.821Cx56轉(zhuǎn)子諧波漏抗m1RCXX22efKs=30.1110.0150CX20.41103=0.9023Cx查表得R=0.01557轉(zhuǎn)子端部漏抗*l條lt2DR)CX*XE20.757(X1.132plefE2=0.7570.132CX0.1634=0.150Cx58轉(zhuǎn)子斜槽漏抗Xsk*0.5(bsk)2X2*t2=0.5(0.013)20.9023

18、CX0.0161=0.29Cx59轉(zhuǎn)子漏抗X2*Xs2*X2*XE2*Xsk*=(0.821+0.9023+0.15+0.29)Cx=2.1633Cx=0.081960總漏抗X*X1*X2*=0.13161定子直流電阻R12N1lc=Nt1Ac11=0.021710621920.31421.09361061=1.19662定子相電阻標(biāo)幺值R1*=R1IkwUN1.1966.58380=0.020763有效資料定子導(dǎo)線(xiàn)重量GWClCNs1Z1Nt1Ac1=1.050.31432361.093610-68.9103=7.393kg式中C為考慮導(dǎo)線(xiàn)絕緣和引線(xiàn)重量的系數(shù)，漆包圓銅線(xiàn)取1.05為導(dǎo)線(xiàn)密度

19、硅鋼片重量GFe=Kfelt(Dl)2Fe=0.950.163（0.22+0.005）27.810-3=61.897kg式中為沖剪余量，取510-3m64轉(zhuǎn)子電阻導(dǎo)條電阻折算值KBLB4m1(N1Kdp1)2RB=ABZ20.04341061.040.19543(1920.9598)296.4510632=1.162式中KB是疊片不整齊造成導(dǎo)條電阻增加的系數(shù)端環(huán)電阻折算值RDRZ2m1(N1Kdp1)2=R2p2ARZ2=0.0434106320.13243(1920.9598)2230.03716導(dǎo)條電阻標(biāo)幺值*=RBIkw=1.166.58RBUN=0.02012

20、380端環(huán)電阻標(biāo)幺值RR=RRIKW=0.37166.58=0.00643*UN380轉(zhuǎn)子電阻標(biāo)么值R2*=RB*+RR*=0.02655（四）工作性能計(jì)算滿(mǎn)載時(shí)定子電流有功重量標(biāo)么值I*=111.12361p0.89滿(mǎn)載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子電流無(wú)功重量標(biāo)么值*=1X*I*21+(1X*I*2Ix1p1p)=1.02160.13944(1.1236)21+(1.02160.13941.1236)2=0.1811=1+X1*=10.04912.536=1.0216Xms67滿(mǎn)載時(shí)定子電流無(wú)功重量標(biāo)么值I1Q*=Im*+Ix*=0.469+0.143=0.65滿(mǎn)載電勢(shì)標(biāo)么值KE=1L(I1p*R1*+I1Q*X

21、*)=11=1(1.12360.0207+0.650.0491)=0.942與22項(xiàng)初設(shè)值KE切合空載時(shí)電勢(shì)標(biāo)么值*10=1ImX1=10.3090.0419=0.976空載時(shí)定子齒磁密10)Bt1=(0.976)1.58=1.637Tt10B=(0.9421L空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子齒磁密B10)Bt2(0.976=()1.60=1.658Tt2010.942L空載時(shí)定子軛磁密Bj10=(10)Bj1(0.976)1.45=1.502T1L0.942空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子軛磁密Bj20=(10)Bj2(0.976)1.242=1.287T1L0.942空載時(shí)氣隙磁密B0=(10)B(0.976)0.722=0.748

22、T1L0.942空載時(shí)定子齒部磁壓降Ft10=Ht10Lt1=46.810215.9710-3=74.74A空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子齒部磁壓降Ft20=Ht20Lt2=53.41022310-3=122.82A空載時(shí)定子軛部磁壓降Fj10=Cj1Hj10Lj1=0.4020.110278.8110-3=63.36A空載時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子軛部磁壓降Fj20=Cj2Hj20Lj2=0.438.9010227.6910-3=10.597A空氣隙磁壓降F0KB01.0250.7480.4103=244.05A00.4106空載總磁壓降F00Ft10Ft20Fj10Fj20F0=74.74+122.82+63.36+10.597

23、+244.05=504.97A空載磁化電流2pF00Im00.9m1N1Kdp122504.97=0.931920.9598=4.06A（四）工作性能計(jì)算定子電流標(biāo)么值*=(I*2I*2(1.123620.652)=1.249I11p1Q)=定子電流實(shí)質(zhì)值*I1I1Ikw1.2496.58=8.51A定子電流密度J1I18.512=a1Nt1Ac13.89Amm11.0936線(xiàn)負(fù)荷A1m1N1I133208.51Am=Di1221323.140.141轉(zhuǎn)子電流標(biāo)么值*=(I*21pI*2X)I2=(1.123620.18432)=1.139轉(zhuǎn)子電流實(shí)質(zhì)值I2=I2*Ikwm1N1Kdp1Z23

24、3840.9598=1.1396.58=258.96A端環(huán)電流實(shí)質(zhì)值IRI2Z2258.9632659.4A=2p23.142轉(zhuǎn)子電流密度導(dǎo)條電密I2258.96mm2JB2.685AAB96.45端環(huán)電密JRIR659.42.64Amm2AR250定子電氣耗費(fèi)Pcu1*I1*2R1*=1.29420.0207=0.0347Pcu1Pcu1*PN0.03477.5103=260.25W轉(zhuǎn)子電氣耗費(fèi)PAl2*I2*2R2*=1.13920.02655=0.0344PAl2=PAl2*PN=0.03447.5103=258W附加耗費(fèi)銅條轉(zhuǎn)子Ps*=0.02Ps=Ps*PN=0.027.5103=1

25、50W機(jī)械耗費(fèi)二級(jí)封閉自扇冷式Pfw=(3/p)2(D1)4104=(3/2)2(0.22)4104=52.7W機(jī)械耗費(fèi)標(biāo)么值Pfw*=Pfw/PN3=52.7/7.510=0.00703定子鐵耗定子軛重量GtpAt1Lt1-378.81-37.83=4Fe101010=14.43=422.934定子齒重量Gj=2pAj1Lj1-315.9710-37.83Fe=428.261010=4.116耗費(fèi)系數(shù)Phet=6.8Phej=5.1定子齒耗費(fèi)PFet=K1PhetGt=25.1014.43=147.2W定子軛耗費(fèi)PFej=K2PhejGj=2.56.804.116=69.97W定子鐵耗PFe

26、=PFet+PFej=147.2+69.97=217.17W對(duì)于半閉口槽按經(jīng)驗(yàn)取K1=2K2=2.5鐵耗標(biāo)么值*PFe/PN3PFe=10=0.029=217.17/7.5總耗費(fèi)標(biāo)么值*=P*+P*P*+P*P*pcu1Al2fwsFe=0.0347+0.0344+0.02+0.00703+0.029=0.1251輸出功率PN1*=1+p*=1+0.1251=1.1251效率*=1p/PN1=10.1251/1.1251=0.869%功率因數(shù)cos=I1p*/I1*=1.1249/1.294=0.8796.轉(zhuǎn)差率SN*PAl*=*1PAl2PsPFerPfw0.0344=10.03440.02

27、0.01540.007=0.0319P*=PFetrPFeirFerPN(10.5)147.2(10.4)69.977.5103=0.0154轉(zhuǎn)速nN=(60f/p)(1SN)=6050/2(10.0319)=1452r/min最大轉(zhuǎn)矩倍數(shù)Tm*=1SN2(R1*(R1*2X*2)=10.0319(0.020720.1312)2(0.0207=2.74(五)起動(dòng)性能計(jì)算起動(dòng)電流假設(shè)值Ist*=(2.53.5)TmIkw3.1576.58=59.1A=3起動(dòng)時(shí)定轉(zhuǎn)子槽磁勢(shì)平均值F=Ist(N/a)0.707K+K2K(Z/Z)(10)sts11u1d1p112=59.1320.7071+0.95

28、9821(36/32)0.976=2836.5A空氣隙中漏磁場(chǎng)的虛假磁密BL=0Fst/2C-6-3=0.4102836.5/20.4100.9367C=0.64+2.5t1t2=0.64+2.50.412.316.1=0.9367由BL查得漏抗飽和系數(shù)Kz=0.44齒頂漏磁飽和引起的定子齒頂寬度的減少CS1=(t1b01)(1Kz)=(12.3-3.5)(10.44)=4.9310-3m齒頂漏磁飽和引起的轉(zhuǎn)子齒頂寬度的減少CS2=(t2b02)(1Kz)=(16.11)(10.44)=8.45610-3m起動(dòng)時(shí)定子槽比漏磁導(dǎo)S1(St)=Ku1(u1u1)+KL1L1(0.410-0.185)+0.83=1.055u1(h010.58h11)(CS1)b01CS11.5b01(0.80.58)(4.93)0.9244.931.53.5=0.185起動(dòng)時(shí)定子槽漏抗*=(S1(St)*Xs1(st)S1)Xs1=(1.055/1.24)0.440CX=0.3743CX起動(dòng)時(shí)定子諧波漏抗X1(st)*=KZX1*=0.440.5877CX=0.2586CX起動(dòng)時(shí)定子漏抗*+X1(st)*X1(st