2022年專(zhuān)四真題及答案

1、專(zhuān)四真題CLOZE The Victorians had become addicted to speed and they wanted to go ever faster. Time was money and efficiency became (31)_ important. Although divisions of labour had been (32)_ by Adam Smith and illustrated by a pin factory in The Wealth of Nations in 1776, (33)_ could now become fully rea

2、lised. This specialization of labour was in (34)_ contrast to the rural means of production, in (35)_ the family was the means of production, consumption and socialization. (36)_ greater speed came a greater need for industries and businesses to make more and make it quicker. Steam made this (37)_ a

3、nd changed working life forever (38)_ were the days when work was (39)_ by natural forces: steam engines were servant (40)_ neither season nor sunshine. Factories had foremen and life became correspondingly more (41)_. The clocking-on machine was (42)_ in 1885 and time and motion studies to increase

4、 efficiency would be introduced only (43)_ twenty years later. (44)_ it was not all bad news. Agricultural incomes depended on variable harvests and weather. Factories provided (45)_ and predictable income, but long hours. Working life was becoming increasingly regulated, and the working (46)_ was r

5、eorganised to promote ever-greater efficiency. The old (47)_ St. Monday - when no work was done - was (48)_, work stopped around midday on Saturday and did not resume (49)_ Monday morning. A new division between “work” and “l(fā)eisure” emerged, and this new block of weekend leisure time coincided with

6、the development of spectator sports like cricket and football, and the (50)_ of music hall entertainment for the new working classes. 31. A. increasingly B. surprisingly C. slowly D. obviously 32. A. contributed B. informed C. spread D. conceived 33. A. he B. it C. these D. those 34. A. clear B. mar

7、ked C. apparent D. firm 35. A. that B. what C. where D. which 36. A. Upon B. Over C. With D. For 37. A. possible B. practical C. worthwhile D. useful 38. A. Passed B. Lost C. Gone D. Missed 39. A. defined B. controlled C. limited D. dictated 40. A. over B. on C. by D. to 41. A. standard B. controlle

8、d C. difficult D. dreadful 42. A. designed B. created C. invented D. bought 43. A. some B. certain C. these D. those 44. A. For B. But C. Consequently D. Accordingly 45. A. safe B. good C. continuous D. secure 46. A. week B. period C. pattern D. practice 47. A. culture B. behavior C. custom D. habit

9、 48. A. repair B. compensate C. mend D. moderate 49. A. before B. until C. on D. after 50. A. raise B. increase C. trend D. present PART IV GRAMMARVOCABULARY 15 MIN 51. It is essential that he _ all the facts first. A. is examining B. will examine C. examines D. examine 52. Which of the following se

10、ntences expresses a future action? A. Lucy is continually finding fault with her sister. B. We are meeting the visitors after the performance. C. The coach is now crossing the Garden Bridge. D. Im hoping that youll give us some advice. 53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object

11、 complement? A. The front door remained lockedB. The boy looked disappointedC. Nancy appeared worriedD. He seemed to have no money left54. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? A. Physics is an important school subject. B. The Niagara Falls is in North America. C. The United States borders

12、Canada. D. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. 55. Which of the following sentences indicates POSSIBILITY? A. The moon cannot always be at the full. B. You cannot smoke inside the building. C. He cannot come today. D. She cannot play the piano. 56. The boys in the family are old enough for _. A.

13、schools B. school C. the school D. the schools 57. Which of the following italicized parts indicates a predicate-object relationship? A. He was reading Marys letter in the room. B. You can buy mens shoes in this shop. C. Mrs. Blacks passport was lost. D. The enemys defeat brought the war to an end.

14、58. Please pardon _ you. A. my disturbing B. disturbing me C. to disturb D. that I disturb59. Which of the following tag questions is INCORRECT? A. Carry this parcel for me, will you? B. Nobody wants to go there, does he? C. Few people know him, dont they? D. Everything is ready, isnt it? 60. Which

15、of the following reflexive pronouns（反身代詞）is used as an object? A. I spoke to the president himself. B. Frank is not quite himself today. C. Linda herself will play the violin. D. You must pull yourself together. 61. The research team can handle _ needs to be handled. A. whenever B. whichever C. wher

16、ever D. whatever 62. Which of the following italicized parts modifies an adverb? A. I rather like my teacher. B. That was a very funny film. C. Do it right now. D. We walked about 6 miles. 63. When the sentence “They had made a mess of the house” is turned into passive voice, which of the following

17、is CORRECT? A. A mess had been made in the house. B. A mess had been made by them. C. The house had been made a mess of. D. The house had been made a mess. 64. Fool _ Michael is, he could not have done such a thing. A. as B. who C. that D. like 65. When the sentence “Shall I drive you to the airport

18、 first?” is turned into indirect speech, which of the following is most appropriate? A. He agreed to drive me to the airport first. B. He offered to drive me to the airport first. C. He advised me to go to the airport first. D. He suggested that I drive to the airport first. 66. The interviewers wer

19、e impressed by the high calibre of the applicants for the job. The underlined part means _. A. criterion B. quality C. qualification D. level 67. Her career has _ a number of activities composing, playing and acting. A. held B. produced C. embraced D. combined 68. The operation could _ her life by t

20、wo or three years. A. prolong B. increase C. expand D. continue 69. All her cousins and their children have fair hair. The underlined part means _. A. fine B. dark C. thick D. light 70. John always feels sluggish first thing in the morning. The underlined part means _. A. sick B. inactive C. dizzy D

21、. drowsy 71. The family of the victim had to endure a long wait before the case cane to trial. The underlined part means _. A. tolerate B. keep C. face D. hold 72. The chief of surgery became committee chairman by virtue of _. A. seniority B. service C. age D. rank 73. He turned his back on them whe

22、n they most needed him. The underlined part means _. A. criticized B. ignored C. betrayed D. deceived 74. Our school did not _ for Christmas until mid-December. A. break out B. break down C. break up D. break in 75. The flags in the stadium _ in the wind. A. flapped B. moved C. shook D. stirred 76.

23、His mother retired early on account of poor health. The underlined part means _. A. despite B. with C. according to D. because of 77. The whole country was in _ over the result of the elections. A. suspension B. suspense C. suspending D. suspender 78. There is no conceivable reason why there should

24、be any difficulty during the project. The underlined part can be replaced by all the following EXCEPT _. A. thinkable B. imaginable C. possible D. observable 79. The employers prepared, with all due _ for a conference with the Trade Unions. A. caution B. concern C. certainty D. consideration 80. Our

25、 experiment was conducted under optimal conditions. The underlined part means _. A. perfect B. proper C. possible D. proposed PART READING COMPREHENSION TEXT A After breakfast the boys wandered out into the play-ground. Here the day-boys were gradually assembling. They were sons of the local clergy,

26、 of the officers at the Depot, and of such manufacturers or men of business as the old town possessed. Presently a bell rang, and they all trooped into school. This consisted of a large, long room at opposite ends of which two under masters conducted the second and third forms, and of a smaller one,

27、 leading out of it, used by Mr. Watson, who taught the first form. To attach the preparatory to the senior school these three classes were known officially, on speech days and in reports, as upper, middle, and lower second. Philip was put in the last. The master, a red-faced man with a pleasant voic

28、e, was called Rice; he had a jolly manner with boys, and the time passed quickly. Philip was surprised when it was quarter to eleven and they were let out for ten minutes rest. The whole school rushed noisily into the play-ground. The new boys were told to go into the middle, while the others statio

29、ned themselves along opposite walls. They began to play Pig in the Middle. The old boys ran from wall to wall while the new boys tried to catch them: when one was seized and the mystic words said - one, two, three, and a pig for me - he became a prisoner and, turning sides, helped to catch those who

30、 were still free. Philip saw a boy running past and tried to catch him, but his limp gave him no chance; and the runners, taking their opportunity, made straight for the ground he covered. Then one of them had the brilliant idea of imitating Philips clumsy run. Other boys saw it and began to laugh;

31、then they all copied the first; and they ran round Philip, limping grotesquely, screaming with shrill laughter. They lost their heads with the delight of their new amusement, and choked with helpless merriment. One of them tripped Philip up and he fell, heavily as he always fell, and cut his knee. T

32、hey laughed all the louder when he got up. A boy pushed him from behind, and he would have fallen again if another had not caught him. The game was forgotten in the entertainment of Philips deformity. Philip was completely scared. He could not make out why they were laughing at him. His heart beat s

33、o that he could hardly breathe, and he was more frightened than he had ever been in his life. He stood still stupidly while the boys ran round him, mimicking and laughing; they shouted to him to try and catch them; but he did not move. He did not want them to see him run any more. He was using all h

34、is strength to prevent himself from crying. 81. From the beginning of the passage we learn that _. A. some pupils came from the local area B. the school only accepted day-boys C. the school had only three classes D. Philips class was part of the senior school 82. What was Philips reaction to his cla

35、ss? A. He thought class was too short. B. He found his class surprising. C. He seemed to have enjoyed it. D. He wanted to change class. 83. In the game Philip lost his ground because _. A. the game wasnt fit for new boys like him B. the playground wasnt big enough for the game C. he did not know the

36、 rules of the game D. he could not run as quickly as other boys 84. What did the boys do after Philip lost his ground? A. They continued with the game. B. They stopped to make fun of him. C. They changed to another game. D. They stopped and went inside. 85. How did Philip feel in the end? A. He was

37、ashamed of himself. B. He was very nervous. C. He was really horrified. D. He felt himself stupid. TEXT B For parents who send their kids off to college saying, “These will be the best years of your life,” it would be very appropriate to add, “If you can handle the stress of college life.” Freshmen

38、are showing up already stressed out, according to the latest research study that reported students emotional health levels at their lowest since the survey started in 1985. While in school, more students are working part-time and near-full-time jobs. At graduation, only 29 percent of seniors have jo

39、bs lined up. Pressure to excel often creates stress, and many students are not learning how to effectively handle this stress. Let me show five facts that I believe every college student should know about stress. First, stress can make smart people do stupid things. Stress causes what brain research

40、ers call “cortical inhibition.” In simple terms, stress inhibits a part of the brain responsible for decision-making and reaction time and can adversely affect other mental abilities as well. Second, the human body doesnt discriminate between a big stressful event and a little one. Any stressful exp

41、erience will create about 1,400 biochemical events in your body. If any amount of stress is left unchecked, many things can occur within the body, including premature aging, impaired cognitive function and energy drain. Third, stress can become your new pattern. When you regularly experience negativ

42、e feelings and high amounts of stress, your brain recognizes this as your normal state. This then becomes the new norm, or baseline for your emotional state. Fourth, stress can be controlled. Countless studies demonstrate that people can restructure their emotional state using emotion-refocusing tec

43、hniques. These techniques help you recognize how you are feeling and shift to a more positive emotional, mental and physical state. One technique involves slowing your thoughts and focusing on your heartbeat, breathing slowly and deeply, and focusing on the positive feeling that you receive. Finally

44、, stress can be lessened by loving what you study. Barbara Frederickson, a leading international authority on the importance of positive emotions, says humans are genetically programmed to seek positive emotions such as love and joy. Its suggested to choose a major or career path you love and enjoy.

45、 Otherwise, you could end up fighting against your own biology86. The author cites the latest research study in order to show that _. A. students are studying harder in college B. most students have part-time job now C. stress continues to the time of graduation D. students only feel stressed while

46、in school 87. According to the passage, stress might cause all the following negative effects EXCEPT _. A. social B. mental C. emotional D. physical 88. In the authors opinion, stress can be controlled by _. A. doing what you prefer B. identifying your present emotional state first C. finding a more

47、 positive feeling first D. focusing on your emotional state 89. According to the context, what does “your own biology” mean in the last paragraph? A. Your current major. B. Your future job. C. Your future research. D. Your preference. 90. Which of the following is the best as the title of the passag

48、e? A. Causes of Stress. B. Type of Stress. College C. Life and Stress. D. Stress and Control Methods. TEXT C For anyone who doubts that the texting revolution is upon us, consider this: The average 13- to 17-year-old sends and receives 3,339 texts a monthmore than 100 per day, according to the Niels

49、en Co., the media research firm. Adults are catching up. People from ages 45 to 54 sent and received 323 texts a month in the second quarter of , up 75% from a year ago, Nielsen says. Behind the texting explosion is a fundamental shift in how we view our mobile devices. That they are phones is incre

50、asingly beside the pointPart of whats driving the texting surge among adults is the popularity of social media. Sites like Twitter, with postings of no more than 140 characters, are creating and reinforcing the habit of communicating in micro-bursts. Economics has much to do with textings popularity

51、. Text messages cost carriers less than traditional mobile voice transmissions, and so they cost users less. Sprint Nextel has reconceived its Virgin Mobile brand to cater to heavy texters in a difficult economy. For $25 per month, users get unlimited texting, email, social networking and 300 talk m

52、inutes; for another $15, they get an additional 900 talk minutes. The name of the brands new wireless plan: “Beyond Talk.” Textings rise over conversation is changing the way we interact, social scientists and researchers say. We are now inclined to text to relay difficult information. We stare at o

53、ur phone when we want to avoid eye contact. Rather than make plans in advance, we engage in what research have named “micro-coordination”Ill txt u in 10mins when I know wh/ restrnt.” Texting saves us time, but it steals from quiet reflection. “When people have a mobile device and have even a little

54、extra time, they will communicate with someone in their life,” says Lee Rainie, director of the Pew Internet and American Life Project. And the phone conversation will never be completely obsolete. Deal makers and other professionals still spend much of the day on the phone. Researchers say people a

55、re more likely to use text-based communications at the preliminary stages of projects. The phone comes into play when there are multiple options to consider or important decisions to be made. 91. At the beginning of the passage, the author uses figures for the purpose of _. A. introduction B. compar

56、ison C. explanation D. transition 92. According to the context, which of the following is closest in meaning to “beside the point”? A. Unimportant. B. Unacknowledged. C. Underestimated. D. Undeniable. 93. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause for textings popularity? A. Promotion of che

57、aper wireless packages. B. Increase in the number of adult texters. C. Redesign of mobile devices. D. Rise of social media. 94. According to the passage, texting can help people to _. A. face difficult situations B. make appointments in advance C. communicate wish strangers D. avoid awkward situatio

58、ns 95. What is the passage mainly about? A. Textings popularity and effect. B. Role of texting in business. C. Preference to texting over thinking. D. Innovation of mobile devices. TEXT D The healthy adolescent boy or girl likes to do the real things in life, to do the things that matter. He would r

59、ather be a plumbers mate and do a real job that requires doing than learn about hydrostatics sitting at a desk, without understanding what practical use they are going to be. A girl would rather look after the baby than learn about child care. Logically we should learn about things before doing them

60、 and that is presumably why the pundits enforce this in our educational system. But it is not the natural way-nor, I venture to think, the best way. The adolescent wants to do things first for only then does he appreciate the problems involved and want to learn more about them. . They do these thing