2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-河北工業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)52

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-河北工業(yè)大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.At the same time, today, the actions, and inacti

2、on, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.Our world is bursting with knowledgebut desp

3、erately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs.For all these reasons I believedand I believe even more strongly todayin t

4、he unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.【答案】科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使我們能夠探索宇宙的邊陲，物質(zhì)最基本的組成部分，以及生命的奇跡。與此同時(shí)，今天，人類(lèi)所做的事情及沒(méi)能做到的事情，不僅危害地球上的生命，而且危害地球自身的生命。全球化使世界變得更小、更快、更富有。然而，9/11、禽流感和伊朗問(wèn)題提醒我們，更小、更快的世界不一定是一個(gè)更安全的世界。我們正處在一個(gè)知識(shí)爆炸的世界之中，但卻迫切需要智慧。如今，在（新聞采訪的）原聲摘要播出變得愈來(lái)愈短，即時(shí)信息排擠了散雜文，個(gè)人生活變得更加瘋狂，這個(gè)世界需要的正是具有深刻反思能力的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生?；?/p>

5、所有這些原因，我相信，而且今天我更加堅(jiān)信大學(xué)的獨(dú)特和不可替代的使命。2.單選題Despite A it is both the largest and B the northernmost state C in the United States, Alaska has D the smallest population.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.it isB.the northernmostC.inD.the smallest【答案】C【解析】【答案】C【考查點(diǎn)】介詞的用法?！窘忸}思路】當(dāng)表示地理位置關(guān)系時(shí)，in表示“在里”；of表示“屬于的”，內(nèi)含隸屬關(guān)系。阿拉斯加屬于美國(guó)的一個(gè)州，因此本題應(yīng)該將C項(xiàng)

6、的介詞改為of?！揪湟狻勘M管阿拉斯加是美國(guó)最大的州，也是美國(guó)最北的州，但它的人口卻是最少的。3.單選題Putting feelings into words makes sadness and anger less intense, U. S. brain researchers said on Wednesday in a finding that explains why (1) to a therapist often makes people feel better.They said talking about negative feelings (2) a part of the

7、brain (3) for impulse control. “This region of the brain seems to be (4) in putting on the brakes,” said researcher Matthew Lieberman. He and colleagues (5) the brains of 30 people18 women and 12 men between 18 and 36who were shown pictures of faces (6) strong emotions. They were asked to (7) the fe

8、elings in words like sad or angry, or to choose between two gender-specific names (8) “Sally or Harry” that matched the face. (9) they found is that when people (10) a word like “angry” to an angry-looking face, the (11) in the portion of the brain that handles fear, panic and other strong emotions

9、decreased. “This seems to dampen down the response in these basic emotional (12) in the brain” Lieberman said in a telephone interview.What lights (13) instead is the part of the brain that controls impulses. “This is the only region of the entire brain that is more active when you choose an emotion

10、al word for the picture (14) when you choose a name for the picture,” he said.He said the same region of the brain has been found in (15) studies to play a role in motor control. “If you are driving along and you see a yellow light, you have to inhibit one response in order to step on the brake,” he

11、 said, “This same region helps to inhibit emotional responses as well.” The researchers did not find significant differences along gender lines, but Lieberman said prior studies had hinted at some differences in the benefits men and women derived from talking about their feelings. “Women may do more

12、 of this spontaneously, but when men are instructed to do it, they may get more benefit from it,” he said.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.goingB.resortingC.talkingD.complaining問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.activatesB.stimulatesC.sparklesD.assimilates問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.suitableB.applicableC.responsiveD.responsible問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.engagedB.involvedC.encounteredD.evolved

13、問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.studiedB.investigatedC.scannedD.examined問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)A.showingB.expressingC.havingD.presenting問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)A.describeB.generalizeC.changeD.categorize問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)A.asB.likeC.byD.with問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)A.ThingB.ResultC.WhatD.Which問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)A.talkedB.referredC.pointedD.attached問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)A.responseB.actionC.activityD.motion問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)A.expressio

14、nsB.movementsC.circuitsD.responses問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)A.upB.inC.offD.on問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)A.asB.thanC.toD.comparing問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)A.earlyB.originalC.seniorD.prior【答案】第1題:C第2題:A第3題:D第4題:B第5題:C第6題:B第7題:D第8題:B第9題:C第10題:D第11題:A第12題:C第13題:A第14題:B第15題:D【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. going去，走 B. restoring恢復(fù)（某種情況或感受）；修復(fù)C. talking談?wù)?，談?D. complaining抱怨【答案】C【考

15、查點(diǎn)】聯(lián)系上下文。【解題思路】根據(jù)前半句句意“把感受用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)出來(lái)，悲傷和憤怒就不會(huì)那么強(qiáng)烈了”可知，情緒需要適當(dāng)?shù)牡玫结尫?，這也是為什么有那么多人會(huì)找心理醫(yī)生傾訴的原因，所以可以推斷空格處填入talking符合句意，因此本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B項(xiàng)不符合句子前后語(yǔ)義銜接；D項(xiàng)由第二段第一句提到“他們談?wù)摚╰alking）負(fù)面情緒”可知，該處同樣用到了talking，所以空格處填talking更恰當(dāng)，該項(xiàng)排除?！揪湟狻棵绹?guó)大腦研究人員于本周三稱，把情緒用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)出來(lái)可以適當(dāng)釋放悲傷和憤怒，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)解釋了為什么與心理治療師交談往往會(huì)讓人們感覺(jué)更好。2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. activ

16、ates激活；使活化 B. stimulates刺激，鼓舞；激勵(lì)C. sparkles閃耀，發(fā)光；生機(jī)勃勃 D. assimilates吸收；同化【答案】A【考查點(diǎn)】聯(lián)系上下文?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)句子意思“他們說(shuō)談?wù)撓麡O情緒_大腦的一部分（a part of the brain）控制沖動(dòng)”，結(jié)合下文提到的“大腦的這一區(qū)域似乎是在踩剎車(chē)”可知，a part of the brain（大腦的一部分）似乎是處于剎車(chē)狀態(tài)，所以這一空格處中應(yīng)該是表示“使這一部分大腦激活”，所以A項(xiàng)符合句意?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)是指使身體或者生物系統(tǒng)興奮、刺激，不符合上下文語(yǔ)義；C、D項(xiàng)不符合上下文語(yǔ)義?！揪湟狻克麄冋f(shuō)談?wù)撓?/p>

17、極情緒激活了大腦的一部分控制沖動(dòng)。3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. suitable合適的，適宜的 B. applicable適用的C. responsive反應(yīng)敏捷的；反應(yīng)積極的 D. responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的【答案】D【考查點(diǎn)】搭配?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)空格前后關(guān)鍵詞a part of the brain（大腦的一部分）和impulse control（控制沖動(dòng)）可以推斷出，大腦是負(fù)責(zé)控制沖動(dòng)的，且responsible for為固定搭配，表示“對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句子語(yǔ)義邏輯。【句意】他們說(shuō)，談?wù)撓麡O情緒會(huì)激活大腦中負(fù)責(zé)控制沖動(dòng)的部分。4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A.

18、 engaged忙于；從事于 B. involved牽涉；牽連C. encountered遭遇 D. evolved發(fā)展；進(jìn)化【答案】B【考查點(diǎn)】搭配。【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“大腦的這一區(qū)域似乎是在踩剎車(chē)”可推斷出，句子表達(dá)的是“大腦這一區(qū)域似乎涉及到剎車(chē)狀態(tài)”，而固定搭配be involved in表示“參與，被卷入中；涉及到”符合句子意思。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)be engaged in（忙于，從事于）不符合句意；C項(xiàng)encounter in（在遇到）不符合句意；D項(xiàng)一般與into搭配，表示“發(fā)展成，進(jìn)化成”?！揪湟狻看竽X的這一區(qū)域似乎在踩剎車(chē)。5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. st

19、udied學(xué)習(xí)；研究 B. investigated調(diào)查C. scanned掃描 D. examined檢查【答案】C【考查點(diǎn)】聯(lián)系上下文?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)下文41空格處“大腦中處理恐懼、恐慌和其他強(qiáng)烈情緒的部分的_減少了”可知，研究人員應(yīng)該是通過(guò)醫(yī)學(xué)手段掃描了大腦，再對(duì)“18到36歲之間的18位女性和12位男性展示面部照片”來(lái)驗(yàn)證第一段“美國(guó)大腦研究人員于本周三稱，把悲傷和憤怒的情緒用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)出來(lái)可以減輕，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可以解釋為什么與心理治療師交談通常會(huì)讓人們感覺(jué)更好?！彼f(shuō)的內(nèi)容，因此空格處應(yīng)表示掃描，scan指在一臺(tái)特殊的機(jī)器上通過(guò)x射線、超聲波或電磁波在計(jì)算機(jī)上得到一個(gè)物體、某人身體的一部

20、分等的圖像，C選項(xiàng)符合題意?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)是指有紙質(zhì)報(bào)告的研究，一般是用于某個(gè)課題的研究；B項(xiàng)指表示查證，查證仔細(xì)檢查某一情況、事件、罪行等的事實(shí)，以查明其真相或它是如何發(fā)生的；D項(xiàng)表示仔細(xì)地考慮或研究一個(gè)想法、主題等；以上三項(xiàng)都不符合句子語(yǔ)義邏輯。【句意】他和同事們掃描了30人的大腦，這些人包括年齡在18歲到36歲之間的18名女性和12名男性，他們被展示了一些強(qiáng)烈情緒的照片。6.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. showing表明；證明 B. expressing表達(dá)C. having有 D. presenting呈現(xiàn)，提出【答案】B【考查點(diǎn)】搭配。【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞faces（臉部）和strong

21、 emotions（強(qiáng)烈的情感）可推斷出，空格處表示“表達(dá)”，且express emotion是常用搭配，表示“表達(dá)情緒”，所以expressing strong emotion在原句中用作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾faces。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、C項(xiàng)不符合句子語(yǔ)義邏輯；D項(xiàng)指呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)人的形象，并不能用于表達(dá)人的情感?！揪湟狻克屯聜儝呙枇?0人的大腦，這些人包括年齡在18歲到36歲之間的18名女性和12名男性，他們被展示了一些帶有強(qiáng)烈情緒的照片。7.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. describe描述 B. generalize概括，歸納C. change改變 D. categorize分類(lèi)【答案

22、】D【考查點(diǎn)】搭配。【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息in words like sad or angry（用悲傷或憤怒等詞）可知，空格處表示“把情緒分類(lèi)”，且短語(yǔ)categorize sth. in表示“把分成類(lèi)”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)一般與as搭配使用；B項(xiàng)與from搭配使用；C項(xiàng)不符合句意?！揪湟狻克麄儽灰笥帽瘋驊嵟仍~對(duì)這些情緒進(jìn)行分類(lèi)。8.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. as作為，當(dāng)作 B. like像；如同C. by經(jīng)，由；依據(jù)，按照 D. with和；用【答案】B【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)句子意思“在_莎莉或哈里這兩個(gè)性別特定的名字中進(jìn)行選擇”可知，空缺處所缺單詞表示舉例

23、的含義，因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句子邏輯?！揪湟狻克麄儽灰笥谩氨瘋被颉皯嵟钡仍~對(duì)這些情緒進(jìn)行分類(lèi)，或者在像“莎莉”或“哈里”這兩個(gè)性別特定的名字中進(jìn)行選擇。9.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. Thing事物；東西 B. Result結(jié)果；后果C. What什么 D. Which哪個(gè)【答案】C【考查點(diǎn)】主語(yǔ)從句?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處缺少一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，從從句部分的內(nèi)容來(lái)看，空格處部分是做主語(yǔ)從句中的賓語(yǔ)，所以要用what。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B項(xiàng)不是關(guān)系代詞，不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句；D項(xiàng)引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句意思是“哪一個(gè)”，一般后面需要緊跟名詞

24、，有范圍選擇，故排除?！揪湟狻克麄儼l(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們?cè)趹嵟砬樯稀吧鷼狻边@樣的詞時(shí)。10.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. talked談?wù)?B. referred提到，談及C. pointed（用手指頭或物體）指，指向 D. attached把固定；把附（在上）【答案】D【考查點(diǎn)】搭配?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)句子意思“當(dāng)人們?cè)趹嵟砬樯蟔生氣這樣的詞時(shí)”可知，空格處表示“加上”符合句意，且attach to為常用搭配，表示“依附，附屬；加入；使依戀；把放在”。整個(gè)句子引申為，當(dāng)人們看著憤怒表情說(shuō)“生氣”一詞時(shí)。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意?！揪湟狻靠茖W(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們看著憤怒表情說(shuō)“生氣”一詞

25、時(shí)。11.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. response響應(yīng)，反應(yīng)；回答 B. action行動(dòng)；行為C. activity活動(dòng)；行動(dòng) D. motion運(yùn)動(dòng)；移動(dòng)【答案】A【考查點(diǎn)】語(yǔ)義邏輯?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)句子意思“當(dāng)人們看著憤怒表情說(shuō)生氣一詞時(shí)，大腦中處理恐懼、恐慌和其他強(qiáng)烈情緒的部分的_就會(huì)下降”可知，情緒是大腦的一種反應(yīng)表現(xiàn)，所以空格處填入A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)義?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】B、C項(xiàng)側(cè)重做某事實(shí)施的行動(dòng)或活動(dòng)，不符合句意；D項(xiàng)也不符合句子意思?！揪湟狻克麄儼l(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們看著憤怒表情說(shuō)“生氣”一詞時(shí)，大腦中處理恐懼、恐慌和其他強(qiáng)烈情緒的部分反應(yīng)會(huì)下降。12.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. expressions表達(dá)；表情

26、，神色 B. movements（身體部位的）運(yùn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)C. circuits環(huán)形路線；電路；巡回 D. responses反應(yīng)；回答【答案】C【考查點(diǎn)】搭配?！窘忸}思路】該句意思是“這似乎阻礙了大腦中基本情緒_的反應(yīng)”，而上一句提到“當(dāng)人們看著憤怒表情說(shuō)生氣一詞時(shí)，大腦中處理強(qiáng)烈情緒的部分反應(yīng)會(huì)下降”，綜合理解可知，“看著憤怒表情說(shuō)生氣一詞時(shí)”阻礙了大腦回路的反應(yīng)，而in circuit為常見(jiàn)搭配，表示“在線路中，在回路中”。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句子意思。【句意】這似乎抑制了大腦中這些基本情緒回路的反應(yīng)。13.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. up向上 B. in在里C. o

27、ff離開(kāi)，偏離 D. on在上【答案】A【考查點(diǎn)】搭配?！窘忸}思路】由關(guān)鍵詞instead可知，空缺處所在句子與上文情況相反，上文是說(shuō)“大腦基本情緒的反應(yīng)回路被抑制了”，那么這一句表示的是“大腦中控制沖動(dòng)的那部分被激活了”。短語(yǔ)light up表示“點(diǎn)亮，照亮”，因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句子意思。【句意】取而代之的是大腦中控制沖動(dòng)的部分被激活了。14.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. as作為；當(dāng)作 B. than比C. to對(duì)于；給 D. comparing比較【答案】B【考查點(diǎn)】比較級(jí)的用法?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)前面的more active（更活躍）可知，此處為一個(gè)比較級(jí)，比較的兩

28、個(gè)部分是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，所以要用than。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C項(xiàng)不能和比較級(jí)連用；D項(xiàng)表示“比較”要與介詞with搭配使用?！揪湟狻慨?dāng)你為圖片選擇情感詞匯時(shí)，這是整個(gè)大腦中唯一一個(gè)比你為圖片選擇名字時(shí)更加活躍的區(qū)域?！?5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. early早期的 B. original原來(lái)的；開(kāi)始的C. senior高級(jí)的；年長(zhǎng)的 D. prior先前的，之前的【答案】D【考查點(diǎn)】聯(lián)系上下文?！窘忸}思路】由該段第三句“研究人員沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)性別之間有顯著差異，但利伯曼說(shuō)，之前的研究（prior studies）已經(jīng)暗示，男性和女性從談?wù)撟约旱母惺苤蝎@得的益處有所不同”可知

29、，空格處談及的應(yīng)當(dāng)為“之前進(jìn)行的研究”。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合上下文語(yǔ)義。【句意】他說(shuō)，在之前的研究中也發(fā)現(xiàn)了大腦的同一區(qū)域在運(yùn)動(dòng)控制中發(fā)揮作用。4.單選題In an attempt to _ a strike, the two sides agreed to negotiate through the night.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.arbitrateB.heraldC.triggerD.avert【答案】D【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. arbitrate仲裁，公斷 B. herald是（某事）的前兆，預(yù)示C. trigger引起，觸發(fā) D. avert防止，避免（危險(xiǎn)、

30、壞事）【答案】D【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)句子意思“為了_罷工，雙方同意徹夜談判”可知，空格處表示“避免，防止”符合句子前后意思。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B項(xiàng)不符合句意；C選項(xiàng)trigger“引起，觸發(fā)”，一般和off搭配，尤指使某事突然發(fā)生，且與句子中“徹夜談判（negotiate through the night）”不相配，排除?！揪湟狻繛榱吮苊饬T工，雙方同意徹夜談判。5.單選題There were intervals when the sun broke through the clouds, because the showers were intermitt

31、ent.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.slightB.periodicC.enduringD.temporary【答案】B【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. slight輕微的，少量的 B. periodic間發(fā)性的，周期性的C. enduring持久的，能忍受的 D. temporary暫時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的【答案】B【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)前半句句意“太陽(yáng)偶爾會(huì)沖破云層”，可以推測(cè)劃線單詞intermittent應(yīng)該表示“間歇性的，斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的”；B選項(xiàng)詞義與劃線單詞最為接近，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)與劃線單詞的意思不符合?！揪湟狻恳?yàn)殛囉晔菙鄶嗬m(xù)續(xù)的，所以太陽(yáng)偶爾會(huì)沖破云層。6.單選

32、題The damage to his car was _; therefore, he could repair it himself.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.considerableB.appreciableC.negligibleD.invisible【答案】C【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】A. considerable相當(dāng)多（或大、重要等）的 B. appreciable（大得）可以覺(jué)察到的，足以認(rèn)為重要的C. negligible微不足道的，不重要的D. invisible看不見(jiàn)的，隱形的【答案】C【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)后半句句意“因此他可以自己修理”可知，他的汽車(chē)損壞是非常小的，因此該題

33、選擇C項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)都不符合句意。【句意】他的汽車(chē)損壞很小，因此他可以自己修理。7.單選題The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx, once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, howeve

34、r, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europes regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the count

35、rys three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened h

36、ere since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was desi

37、gned to give the other members of the clubScotland, Northern Ireland, and Walesa bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a

38、Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is her

39、e, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfron

40、t city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europeonly Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women,

41、 boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru,

42、which means “l(fā)and of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nations symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhereon T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” said Dyfan

43、 Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Waless annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to

44、 the sounds of new Welsh bands. “There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan continued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up wit

45、h a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We cant do anything, were only Welsh. Now I think thats changing.”1. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant to _.2. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means _.3. Wales is different from Scotland in all

46、 the following aspects EXCEPT _.4. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identity?5. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed is _.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.maintain the present status among the nationsB.reduce legislative powers of EnglandC.create a better state of equ

47、ality among the nationsD.grant more say to all the nations in the union問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.separatistB.conventionalC.feudalD.political問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.peoples desire for devolutionB.locals turnout for the votingC.powers of the legislative bodyD.status of the national language問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.Welsh has witnessed a revival as a natio

48、nal language.B.Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.C.A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D.The national symbol has become a familiar sight.問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.peoples mentalityB.pop cultureC.towns appearanceD.possibilities for the people【答案】第1題:C第2題:A第3題:D第4題:B第5題:A【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】1

49、. According to the passage, devolution was mainly meant to _. 1. 根據(jù)這篇文章，權(quán)力下放主要是為了_。A. maintain the present status among the nations A. 維持目前在各國(guó)之間的地位B. reduce legislative powers of England B. 減少英格蘭的立法權(quán)C. create a better state of equality among the nations C. 在國(guó)家之間創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更好的平等狀況D. grant more say to all th

50、e nations in the union D. 給聯(lián)盟中所有的國(guó)家更多的發(fā)言權(quán)【答案】C【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞devolution定位至第二段第三句“權(quán)力下放背后的理念是恢復(fù)組成聯(lián)合王國(guó)的各個(gè)國(guó)家之間的平衡（restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom）”可知，權(quán)力下放的目的是為了維持各個(gè)國(guó)家之間的平衡，C項(xiàng)“在國(guó)家之間創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更好的平等狀況”表述符合題意?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“維持目前在各國(guó)之間的地位”，根據(jù)解題思路，由restore可推斷，成員國(guó)原來(lái)的關(guān)系已經(jīng)

51、被破壞，所以該項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文；B項(xiàng)“減少英格蘭的立法權(quán)”，由第二段最后一句“托尼布萊爾實(shí)施了從威斯敏斯特移交部分立法權(quán)的計(jì)劃，目的是給俱樂(lè)部的其他成員蘇格蘭、北愛(ài)爾蘭和威爾士更大的發(fā)言權(quán)”可知，部分立法權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)移旨在給其他成員更大的話語(yǔ)權(quán)，該項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；D項(xiàng)“給聯(lián)盟中所有的國(guó)家更多的發(fā)言權(quán)”，由C項(xiàng)解題思路可知，原文只提到會(huì)賦予蘇格蘭、北愛(ài)爾蘭、威爾士更大發(fā)言權(quán)，并非所有成員國(guó)，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】2. The word “centrifugal” in the second paragraph means _. 2. 第二段中的“centrifugal”的意思是_。A

52、. separatist A. 分離主義者的B. conventional B. 傳統(tǒng)的C. feudal C. 封建制度的D. political D. 政治的【答案】A【考查點(diǎn)】詞匯推測(cè)題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞centrifugal定位至第二段最后一句“托尼布萊爾實(shí)施了從威斯敏斯特移交部分立法權(quán)的計(jì)劃，目的是給俱樂(lè)部的其他成員蘇格蘭、北愛(ài)爾蘭和威爾士更大的發(fā)言權(quán)，并且對(duì)抗似乎威脅到聯(lián)盟理念的centrifugal力量”，從中可知，要對(duì)抗這種會(huì)威脅到聯(lián)盟理念的力量，說(shuō)明這種力量會(huì)分散成員國(guó)之間的聯(lián)合，所以推測(cè)centrifugal表示“分離的，分散的”，A選項(xiàng)“分離主義者的”詞義與之意思相

53、近。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)的”、C項(xiàng)“封建制度的”和D項(xiàng)“政治的”由解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】3. Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPT _. 3. 除了_，威爾士在以下方面都與蘇格蘭不同。A. peoples desire for devolution A. 人民對(duì)權(quán)力下放的渴望B. locals turnout for the voting B. 當(dāng)?shù)剡x民的投票率C. powers of the legislative body C. 立法機(jī)構(gòu)的

54、權(quán)力D. status of the national language D. 國(guó)家語(yǔ)言的地位【答案】D【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“威爾士語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在是歐洲最成功的地方語(yǔ)言之一，在這個(gè)國(guó)家的300萬(wàn)人口中，有50多萬(wàn)人講威爾士語(yǔ)”可知，雖然原文第一段提到了威爾士語(yǔ)言的成功性，但是文中并沒(méi)有提到蘇格蘭語(yǔ)言的地位，這兩者沒(méi)有可比性，D項(xiàng)“國(guó)家語(yǔ)言的地位”屬于無(wú)中生有，符合題干。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“人民對(duì)權(quán)力下放的渴望”，根據(jù)第三段前兩句“威爾士人對(duì)權(quán)力下放并不熱心。蘇格蘭人以壓倒性優(yōu)勢(shì)投票支持成立議會(huì)，而威爾士議會(huì)的投票僅以不到1%的得票率勉強(qiáng)通過(guò)，投票

55、率不到25%?！笨芍?，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家人民對(duì)權(quán)利下放態(tài)度截然不同，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；B項(xiàng)“當(dāng)?shù)剡x民的投票率”，根據(jù)A項(xiàng)解題思路可知，威爾士的投票率不到25%，而蘇格蘭 卻以壓倒性的投票率支持成立議會(huì)，可見(jiàn)這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的選民投票率不同，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；C項(xiàng)“立法機(jī)構(gòu)的權(quán)力”，根據(jù)第三段第五句“與愛(ài)丁堡不同，威爾士不能制定法律”可知，愛(ài)丁堡屬于蘇格蘭，也就是說(shuō)蘇格蘭和威爾士的立法機(jī)構(gòu)的制定法律的權(quán)力不同，該項(xiàng)也符合原文，屬于反向干擾。4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】4. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of

56、 Welsh national identity? 4. 以下哪一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有被引用作為威爾士民族身份復(fù)蘇的例子？A. Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language. A. 威爾士語(yǔ)見(jiàn)證了它作為一種全國(guó)性語(yǔ)言的復(fù)興。B. Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union. B. 扶貧資金來(lái)自歐盟。C. A Welsh national airline is currently in operation. C. 威爾士國(guó)家航空公司目前正在運(yùn)營(yíng)。D. The national symb

57、ol has become a familiar sight. D. 這個(gè)國(guó)家的象征已成為人們熟悉的景象。【答案】B【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“與此同時(shí)，來(lái)自歐盟的近200萬(wàn)美元贈(zèng)款將用于解決貧困問(wèn)題”可知，原文雖然提到威爾士從歐盟拿到將近200萬(wàn)美元解決貧困問(wèn)題，但并不表明它的民族身份得到復(fù)蘇，由此可判斷本題選擇B項(xiàng)“扶貧資金來(lái)自歐盟”?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“威爾士語(yǔ)見(jiàn)證了它作為一種全國(guó)性語(yǔ)言的復(fù)興”，根據(jù)第二段第一句“這種語(yǔ)言的復(fù)興，尤其是在年輕人中，是席卷這個(gè)自豪的小國(guó)的民族身份復(fù)興的一部分”可知，語(yǔ)言的復(fù)興，是威爾士民族認(rèn)同感復(fù)興的一部分，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反

58、向干擾；C項(xiàng)“威爾士國(guó)家航空公司目前正在運(yùn)營(yíng)”，根據(jù)第四段第四句“威爾士現(xiàn)在擁有一家國(guó)家航空公司”，結(jié)合本段第一句提到“報(bào)紙和雜志上充斥著偉大的威爾士男人和女人的故事，提升了他們的自尊”可知，該項(xiàng)是提升威爾士人自尊的例子，符合原文，屬于反向干擾；D項(xiàng)“這個(gè)國(guó)家的象征已成為人們熟悉的景象”，根據(jù)第四段最后一句“自亞瑟王時(shí)代以來(lái)，紅龍就一直是這個(gè)國(guó)家的象征，它無(wú)處不在，印在T恤、橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)衫上，甚至手機(jī)外殼上”可知，威爾士的象征紅龍也變得隨處可見(jiàn)，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】5. According to Dyfan Jones what has changed is _. 5.

59、根據(jù)Dyfan Jones的說(shuō)法，改變的是_。A. peoples mentality A. 人們的心態(tài)B. pop culture B. 流行文化C. towns appearance C. 城市外貌D. possibilities for the people D. 人民的可能性【答案】A【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息what has changed可以定位至文章最后一段，第一句提到“缺乏自信幾乎是一種遺傳傾向”，可知，Dyfan Jones認(rèn)為威爾士人曾經(jīng)普遍缺乏自信；而最后一句提到“我們?cè)?jīng)這樣想；我們什么都做不了，我們只是威爾士人；現(xiàn)在，我認(rèn)為這種情況正在改變”可知，

60、Dyfan Jones認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在威爾士人的心態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化，所以改變的是人們的心態(tài)，該題選擇A項(xiàng)“人們的心態(tài)”?！靖蓴_項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“流行文化”和C項(xiàng)“城市外貌”在原文均未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有；D項(xiàng)“人民的可能性”，根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“他的威爾士身份和他在英語(yǔ)、全球青年文化和新聯(lián)邦歐洲的成員身份一樣舒適，Dyfan像他的同齡人一樣，在一種十年前無(wú)法想象的可能性中成長(zhǎng)”可知，現(xiàn)在的年輕人不再認(rèn)為自己只是什么也做不了的威爾士人，他們認(rèn)為自己有更多的可能性，也是說(shuō)明人們的心態(tài)發(fā)生了變化，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。8.單選題Though having been living in Shanghai for 20