2022年考研考博-考博英語-陜西師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號99

1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-陜西師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題To major in astrophysics you need an extra math course.問題1選項A.To get higher grades in astrophysics.B.To finish your astrophysics paper.C.To specialize in astrophysics.D.To better understand the astrophysics course.【

2、答案】C【解析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。題目中major in表示“主修；專攻”，A選項為“在天體物理學(xué)上取得更高的成就”；B選項為“完成你的天體物理學(xué)論文”；C選項為“以天體物理學(xué)為專業(yè)；專攻天體物理學(xué)”；D選項為“更好地了解天體物理學(xué)課程”。句意：要主修天體物理學(xué)，你就得再選擇一個數(shù)學(xué)課。因此，正確答案是C項。2.單選題_at in this way, the situation doesnt seem so desperate.問題1選項A.LookingB.LookedC.Being lookedD.To look【答案】B【解析】考查非謂語動詞。邏輯主語the situation與lo

3、ok之間為動賓關(guān)系，表示被動，前面部分完整的表達(dá)為the situation is looked at in this way，故用動詞的過去分詞作狀語，因此選B。句意：從這個角度看，情況似乎并不那么絕望。3.單選題Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept.We know that more tha

4、n 850,000 children go through hospital each year, and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital. We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1,000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and

5、 type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country. It is found that half the hospitals in England, which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter has only a part-time teacher. The special childrens hospitals in major cities do best general hospitals in the country

6、and holiday areas are worst off.From this survey, one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacherand that contact may be as little as two hour s a day. Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all. They had not been pre

7、pared for it by parents of their own school. If there was a teacher, they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work, without a teacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to kee

8、ping a child occupied, and the latter is often all the teacher can do. The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when patents offered to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”.Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work. Several parent

9、s spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school. Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching, and are told to catch up as best they can.Many short-stay child-patients catch up quickly. But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by man

10、y of the children interviewed.1. The author points out at the beginning that_.2. It can be inferred from the latest survey that_.3. Children in hospital usually turn to_in order to catch up with their school work.4. We can conclude from the passage that the author is_.問題1選項A.every child in hospital

11、receives some teachingB.not enough is known about hospital teachingC.hospital teaching is of poor qualityD.the special childrens hospitals are worst off問題2選項A.hospital teaching across the country is similarB.each hospital has at least one part time teacherC.all hospital surveyed offer education to c

12、hildrenD.only one-fourth of the hospitals have full-time teachers問題3選項A.hospital teachersB.schoolmatesC.parentsD.school teachers問題4選項A.unfavorable towards children receiving education in hospitalsB.in favor of the present state of teaching in hospitalsC.unsatisfied with the present state of hospital

13、 teachingD.satisfied with the results of the latest survey【答案】第1題:B第2題:D第3題:B第4題:C【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education（沒有人知道有多少孩子能在英國的醫(yī)院接受教育，更不用說教育的內(nèi)容和質(zhì)量了）可知B選項“對醫(yī)院教學(xué)知之甚少”符合題意。2.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的It

14、 is found that half the hospitals in England, which admit children have no teacher. A further quarter has only a part-time teacher.（據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國有一半的醫(yī)院沒有教師。另外四分之一的醫(yī)院只有兼職教師）可推測只有四分之一的醫(yī)院有全職教師，因此選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段中的Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work.（孩子們往往依靠相關(guān)

15、的學(xué)校朋友來趕上學(xué)校的功課）可知選B。4.觀點態(tài)度題。本文主要介紹了醫(yī)院中的存在的教學(xué)問題，比如教師的嚴(yán)重缺少。根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果及文章最后一段中的But schools do very little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.（但學(xué)校在緩解許多受訪兒童對落后的焦慮方面收效甚微）可知作者對當(dāng)前的醫(yī)院教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀是不滿意的，因此選C。4.單選題The lions ferocious behavior was attributed to its lack of

16、edible flesh.問題1選項A.tameB.relaxedC.savageD.fable【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。題目中ferocious表示“殘忍的；驚人的；兇殘的”；A選項為“馴服的；順從的；平淡的”；B選項為“放松的，寬松的”；C選項為“野蠻的；荒涼的；兇猛的”；D選項為“寓言，童話”，不是形容詞。根據(jù)句意可知，獅子的殘暴行為源于缺少食用肉。因此，正確答案是C項。5.單選題In the next few years major changes will be （）in Chinas industries.問題1選項A.brought forwardB.brought up

17、C.brought onD.brought about【答案】D【解析】考查詞組搭配。A選項brought forward提前，提出；B選項brought up提出，養(yǎng)育；C選項 brought on導(dǎo)致，引起，使發(fā)展；D選項brought about導(dǎo)致，帶來，產(chǎn)生。bring on是指事情己經(jīng)告一段落又再次被引起，而bring about則指事情被從頭引起；根據(jù)句意“在接下來的幾年中，中國的工業(yè)將發(fā)生巨大的變化”，因此，因此，D項更符合題意。6.單選題Your analogy was not a good one because the two situations are not sim

18、ilar.問題1選項A.comparisonB.categorizationC.classificationD.cognition【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項comparison n.比較，對照；B選項categorization n.分類，分門別類，編目方法；C選項 classification n.等級，類別；D選項cognition n.認(rèn)識，辨識，認(rèn)識能力。根據(jù)句意可知A項符合題意。句意：你的類比不是一個好例子，因為這兩種情況并不相同。7.單選題After several nuclear disasters, a_has raged over the safety of

19、nuclear energy.問題1選項A.quarrelB.suspicionC.verdictD.controversy【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項quarrel“爭吵，吵架”，強(qiáng)調(diào)以發(fā)生口角和吵架等形式引起的爭論；B選項suspicion“懷疑，嫌疑”；C選項verdict“裁定，裁決”；D選項controversy“(公開的)爭論，辯論”，指對引起廣泛興趣或非常重要的問題的辨論。根據(jù)the safety of nuclear energy可知核能安全是一個重要的話題，因此選D。句意：在幾次核災(zāi)難之后，激起了一場關(guān)于核能安全的爭論。8.單選題When the Group of

20、Seven was formed in 1920, the artists hoped for recognition of their works and ideas. In the catalog to their first exhibition, they actually invited adverse criticism-but only because what they feared most was indifference. At a time when Canada was coming into its own, they felt that a major facto

21、r in the development of a strong and healthy nation was a vital and relevant art. They hoped that their works would make a significant contribution to the evolution of a truly Canadian art tradition. Therefore, the Groups desire to paint the Canadian landscape lays the genuine conviction that it was

22、 the northern landscape that represented and expressed the countrys unique character. It was this concept that was to capture the imagination of so many Canadians.Today there is every indication that the Group has attained its goals. These artists have achieved widespread popular success and acclaim

23、, and their works have been heralded as one of the basic symbols of Canadian culture. They have been honored with exhibitions, degrees and medals; reproductions of their works can be found one very thing from posters to postage stamps.As frequently happens with popular trends, there has been a tende

24、ncy to romanticize the accomplishments of the Group, which has inevitably caused many misconceptions to develop. The most common of these is the popular belief that the Seven were violently criticized in the first Group shows. However, the truth of the matter is that the reviews for these early show

25、s were nearly all favorable.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?2. The author implies that the Group of Seven welcomed adverse criticism because it would（）.3. The author implies that the members-of the Group of Seven were（）.4. According to the passage, all of the following were major goals of th

26、e Group of Seven EXCEPT（）.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way in which the Group of Seven was honored?問題1選項A.The origin of Canadian traditions.B.The seven symbols of CanadaC.Popular trends in Canadian art.D.A group of seven Canadian artists.問題2選項A.help them to improve as artists.B.me

27、an that their work was being noticed.C.increase the market value of their work.D.gain support for them as victims of unfair criticism.問題3選項A.portrait paintersB.landscape artistsC.art criticsD.art dealers問題4選項A.producing art with the intent of selling it quicklyB.having their work recognizedC.having

28、their ideas about art acceptedD contributing to the growth of a uniquely Canadian art問題5選項A.Degrees were conferred on them.B.Their work was exhibited.C.Monuments were dedicated to them.D.They were awarded medals.【答案】第1題:D第2題:B第3題:B第4題:A第5題:C【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文主要介紹了加拿大的本土風(fēng)格的藝術(shù)家團(tuán)體the Group of Seven期望依靠自身努力

29、得到認(rèn)可，以及介紹他們?yōu)榧幽么蟊就廖幕髫暙I(xiàn)的事跡，而不是講述加拿大傳統(tǒng)的起源或是加拿大藝術(shù)的流行趨勢，因此，正確答案為D項。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段In the catalog to their first exhibition, they actually invited adverse criticism-but only because what they feared most was indifference.可知，藝術(shù)團(tuán)體并不擔(dān)心負(fù)面評論，而是擔(dān)心人們漠視他們的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。因此，B 項“意味著他們的創(chuàng)作不被關(guān)注和重視”最符合題意。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第一段Therefo

30、re, behind the Groups desire to paint the Canadian landscape lay the genuine conviction that it was the northern landscape that represented and expressed the countrys unique character.可知，成員們主要描繪的是Canadian landscape，所以Group of Seven成員是風(fēng)景畫家。故本題正確答案為B項。4.推理判斷題。原文中講述了Group of Seven藝術(shù)家們的創(chuàng)作目的，期待人們理解和認(rèn)可他們的

31、創(chuàng)作理念，并希望他們的作品能夠促進(jìn)加拿大本土藝術(shù)的繁榮發(fā)展，對本土文化有所貢獻(xiàn)。文中并未提及藝術(shù)家們是以快速銷售為目的而進(jìn)行的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。因此，本題正確答案是A項。5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第二段They have been honored with exhibitions, degrees and medals; reproductions of their works can be found on everything from posters to postage stamps.可知，為了進(jìn)行表彰，這些藝術(shù)家的作品被展出，他們也被授予了學(xué)位（degree）和頒發(fā)了獎?wù)拢╩edal），但并沒

32、有樹立紀(jì)念碑（monument）。因此，本題正確答案為C項。9.單選題The distinction between second and foreign language learning can cause confusion in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), which is the sub-discipline of applied linguistics that aims to understand how people learn a second language and the factors that af

33、fect their language learning. SLA research not only examines second language learning, but also any foreign, third or fourth language learning. Due to the complexity of language learning, we see that the SLA literature often treat additional language and foreign language learning in the same second

34、language acquisition framework. Of course, we know that learning a third language is not necessarily the same as learning a second language. A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research is conducted.1. Which of the following is t

35、he sub-discipline of applied linguistics?2. Which of the following is correct?3. Which of the following is correct?4. A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research is conducted because_.5. Which of the following will serve as the

36、best title for the passage?問題1選項A.The distinction between second and foreign language learning.B.The second language.C.The foreign language.D.Second language acquisition.問題2選項A.SLA research examines second language learning, some foreign, third or fourth language learning.B.SLA research examines sec

37、ond language learning, any foreign, third or fourth language learning.C.SLA research examines foreign language learning.D.SLA research examines first language learning.問題3選項A.Additional language and foreign language learning should be treated in the same second language acquisition frameworkB.Additi

38、onal language and foreign language learning should not be treated in the same second language acquisition framework.C.Additional language and foreign language learning have been treated differently in second language acquisition frameworkD.Additional language and foreign language learning have not b

39、een treated in different second language acquisition framework問題4選項A.the SLA literature often treats additional language and foreign language learning in the same second language acquisition frameworkB.the SLA literature often treats additional language and foreign language learning in different sec

40、ond language acquisition framework.C.learning a third language is necessarily the same as learning a second language.D.learning a third language is not necessarily the same as learning a second language問題5選項A.Inside SLAB.Outside SLAC.Future of SLAD.The third language and SLA【答案】第1題:D第2題:B第3題:D第4題:D第

41、5題:C【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章中的The distinction between second and foreign language learning can cause confusion in the field of second language acquisition (SLA), which is the sub-discipline of applied linguistics that aims to understand how people learn a second language and the factors that affect their lan

42、guage learning.（第二語言和外語學(xué)習(xí)之間的區(qū)別在于第二語言習(xí)得領(lǐng)域可能導(dǎo)致困惑，第二語言習(xí)得是應(yīng)用語言學(xué)的一個分支學(xué)科，旨在了解人們?nèi)绾螌W(xué)習(xí)第二語言以及影響他們語言學(xué)習(xí)的因素）可知選D。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章中的SLA research not only examines second language learning, but also any foreign, third or fourth language learning.（第二語習(xí)得研究不僅研究第二語言學(xué)習(xí)，而且也研究任何外語、第三或第四語言學(xué)習(xí)）可知選B。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章中的Due to the comple

43、xity of language learning, we see that the SLA literature often treat additional language and foreign language learning in the same second language acquisition framework.（由于語言學(xué)習(xí)的復(fù)雜性，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)第二語習(xí)得著作通常把在同樣的第二語言習(xí)得框架里討論第二語言和外語學(xué)習(xí)）可知D選項“第二語言和外語學(xué)習(xí)一直沒有在不同的的第二語言習(xí)得框架里討論”符合題意。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章中的Of course, we know that l

44、earning a third language is not necessarily the same as learning a second language.（當(dāng)然，我們知道學(xué)習(xí)第三語言并不一定等同于學(xué)習(xí)第二語言）可知D選項“學(xué)習(xí)第三語言不一定等于學(xué)習(xí)第二語言”符合題意。5.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了第二語言習(xí)得（SLA）研究的內(nèi)容與目的，根據(jù)文章最后一句A more solid theoretical framework for third or fourth language acquisition will eventually emerge as more research i

45、s conducted.（隨著研究的深入，第三語言或第四語言習(xí)得的理論框架將逐漸形成）可知C選項“第二語言習(xí)得的未來”符合題意。10.單選題Her dairy was full of the insignificant, happy daily that had made up her life.問題1選項A.pursuitsB.triflesC.trivialD.premise【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項pursuits n.追求；B選項trifles n.瑣事，雞毛蒜皮的；C選項trivial adj.不重要的，瑣碎的；D選項premise n.假定，前提。根據(jù)句意可知，她的

46、日記中記載著許多微不足道卻又快樂的生活瑣事。因此，正確答案為B項。11.單選題When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were_by its complicated traffic system.問題1選項A.precludedB.bewilderedC.divertedD.expired【答案】B【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項preclude“排出，消除，妨礙”；B選項bewilder“使迷惑”；C選項divert“使轉(zhuǎn)移”；D選項expire“期滿”。根據(jù)the first time和complicated tra

47、ffic system可知B選項符合語義。句意：當(dāng)農(nóng)民們第一次參觀這座城市時，他們被它復(fù)雜的交通系統(tǒng)弄糊涂了。12.單選題Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. The

48、se roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, mens and womens roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s

49、a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact,

50、some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietn

51、am.In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime” work so

52、that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or womens liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. W

53、omen of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional womens jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and

54、construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.and women. Naturally, there are

55、difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.1. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 1?2. Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?3. In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture_.4. It could be inferred from the passage that_.5. The

56、best title for the passage may be_.問題1選項A.Women usually worked outside the home for wages.B.Men and womens roles were easily exchanged in the past.C.Mens roles at home were more firmly fixed than womens.D.Men and womens roles were usually quite separated in the past.問題2選項A.The first sentence.B.The s

57、econd and the third sentences.C.The fourth sentence.D.The last sentence.問題3選項A.destroyed the United StatesB.transfonned some American valuesC.was not important in the United StatesD.brought people more leisure time with their families問題4選項A.men and women will never share the same goalsB.some men wil

58、l be willing to exchange their traditional male rolesC.most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wivesD.more American households are headed by women than ever before問題5選項A.Results of Feminist MovementsB.New influence in American LifeC.Counterculture and Its co

59、nsequenceD.Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles【答案】第1題:D第2題:C第3題:B第4題:C第5題:B【解析】1.主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people,

60、 and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles.（男人在外面工作，掙的錢養(yǎng)家，而女人做飯，照顧家里和孩子。這些角色對大多數(shù)人來說是固定不變的，婦女沒有機(jī)會交換她們的角色）可知過去男女的分工明確，角色相對固定，因此選D。2.主旨大意題。文章第二段主要講述了反主流文化對男女分工角色的影響，再根據(jù)第一段最后一句中But by the middle of this century, mens and womens roles were becoming less firmly fixed.（但是到了本世紀(jì)中葉，