船舶專業(yè)英語課件

1、Lesson 3 Shipbuilding Contents: 1. Vocabulary and Sentence 2. Vocabulary summary3. Exercise Lesson 3 Shipbuilding Conte.g. （P32-1-2） shipyard 船廠 Building a ship is a complex process involving the many departments of the shipbuilding organization, the arrangement and use of shipyard facilities and th

2、e many skills of the various personnel involved. 造船是一個復雜的過程，它包括造船企業(yè)的很多的部門，船廠設備的安排和應用以及所涉及的各種人員的許多技能。造船企業(yè)一、Vocabulary and Sentencee.g. （P32-1-2） 造船企業(yè)一、Vocabulare.g. （P32-1-3） shipyard layout 船廠布置 Those departments directly involved in the construction, the shipyard layout, material movement and the e

3、quipment used will be examined in turn. 這些部門直接包括了建造、船廠布置、材料移動和所用設備的輪流檢修。船廠布置e.g. （P32-1-3） 船廠布置e.g. （P32-2-1） Classification society 船級社 The main function of the shipyards design and drawing office is to produce the working drawing to satisfy the owners requirement, the rules of the classification s

4、ocieties and the shipyards usual building practices. 船廠設計室以及繪圖室的主要功能就是繪制施工圖來滿足船東的要求，船級社的規(guī)范以及船廠通常的建造實際。繪圖室施工圖e.g. （P32-2-1） 繪圖室施工圖e.g. （P32-2-3） steelwork outfitting 鋼結構舾裝 A secondary, but nevertheless important, function is to provide information to the production planning and control departments, t

5、he purchasing departments, etc., to enable steelwork outfitting and machinery items to be ordered and delivered to satisfy the building programme for the ship. 但同等重要采購部門機械零件e.g. （P32-2-3）但同等重要采購部門機械零件e.g. （P32-3-1） lines plan 型線圖moulded dimensions 型尺度 Closely following the basic design drawings will

6、 be the production of the lines plan. This plan is a scale drawing of the moulded dimensions of the ship in plan, profile and section. 緊隨著基本設計圖的就是型線圖的繪制。型線圖是船舶型線、輪廓和剖面的型尺度的縮尺圖。e.g. （P32-3-1） e.g. （P32-3-3）forward (after) perpendicular 首(尾)垂柱 station 站號 The ships length between the forward and after

7、perpendiculars is divided into ten equally spaced divisions or stations numbered 1 to 10. Transverse sections of the ship at the various stations are drawn to give a drawing known as the body plan. 船舶的垂線間長被分為空間相等的份數(shù)或者稱為站，編號為1到10。船舶在不同站號的橫剖面被繪制成橫剖面圖。e.g. （P32-3-3）e.g. （P32-3-6） Since the vessel is sy

8、mmetrical, half-sections are given. The stations 0 to 5 representing the after half of the ship shown on the left side of the body plan with the forward sections shown on the right. 由于船舶是對稱的，因此只給出了半個剖面。 代表了船的后半部分的0到5站顯示在橫剖面圖的左側，船體的前半部分顯示在右側。 對稱的e.g. （P32-3-6） 對稱的e.g. （P32-3-9） profile or sheer plan

9、縱剖面圖waterline 水線sheer 舷弧 The profile or sheer plan shows the general outline of the ship, any sheer of the decks, the deck positions and all the waterlines. 縱剖面圖顯示的是船舶的總的輪廓，甲板舷弧，甲板位置和所有的水線。e.g. （P32-3-9） e.g. （P32-3-10 ） For clarity, the deck positions have been omitted from Fig.3.1 and only three w

10、aterlines are shown. The various stations are also drawn on this view. Additional stations may be used at the fore and aft ends, where the section change is considerable. e.g. （P32-3-10 ）e.g. （P32-3-13） half-breadth plan 半寬水線圖keel 龍骨 The half-breadth plan shows the shape of the waterlines and the de

11、cks formed by horizontal planes at the various waterline heights from the keel. This plan is usually superimposed upon the profile or sheer plan, as shown in Fig.3.1. 半寬水線圖表示的是水線的形狀和由距龍骨不同高度的水線的水平面所形成的甲板。這個圖通常和縱剖面圖疊加在一起，如圖3.1所示。疊加e.g. （P32-3-13） 疊加e.g. （P32-4-1） fairness 光順 The initial lines plan is

12、 drawn for the design and then checked for fairness. To be fair all the curved lines must run evenly and smoothly. 最初的型線圖是為了設計而繪制的，然后再檢查光順性。為了達到光順，所有的曲線必須走向均勻、光滑。e.g. （P32-4-1） e.g. （P32-4-3） loftsman 放樣工 There must also be exact correspondence between dimensions shown for a particular point in all

13、the three different views. The fairing operation, once the exclusive province of a skilled loftsman, is now largely accomplished by computer programs. 對以一個特殊點在所有的三個不同的視圖顯示的尺寸之間必須要完全一致。過去由有技術的放樣工獨家提供的放樣操作，現(xiàn)在是有計算機程序來完成。獨家的e.g. （P32-4-3） 獨家的e.g. （P34-1-1） table of offsets 型值表 Once faired, the final lin

14、es plan is prepared and a table of offsets is compiled for use in producing the ships plates and frames. 光順之后，確定了最終的型線圖，編譯型值表用來生產船舶的外板以及骨架。e.g. （P34-1-1） e.g. （P2-5-1） unit 單元 The traditional practice of drawing plans according to structural areas such as the shell, deck, the double-bottom framing,

15、etc, is inconvenient in many cases since the ship is nowadays built up of large prefabricated units. A unit may consist of shell plating, some framing and part of deck. 預制的e.g. （P2-5-1） 預制的e.g. （P34-2-4） shell expansion 外板展開 plan 圖，平面圖 An expansion of a ships shell is given in Fig.3.2, showing the p

16、ositions of the various units. Plans are therefore drawn in relation to units and contain all the information required to build a particular unit. 圖3.2給出了船體的外板展開圖，圖中顯示了各個單元的位置。因此，圖紙的繪制是和單元相關的并包含了需要建造一個特定單元的所有信息。e.g. （P34-2-4）e.g. （P34-2-7）classification society 船級社 A number of traditional plans are

17、still produced for classification society purposes, future maintenance and reference, but without the wealth of manufacturing information which is only needed on the unit plans. 一些傳統(tǒng)的圖紙仍然為了船級社的要求，將來的維修和參考而繪制的，但是這些圖紙沒有只針對單元圖的制造信息。e.g. （P34-2-7）e.g. （P34-3-1） chart 圖表assembly 裝配erection 裝配 The plannin

18、g and production control departments require drawing information to compile charts for monitoring progress, compiling programmes, producing programmes for material delivery, parts production and assembly and finally unit production and erection. 設計和生產控制部門需要繪圖信息來編制檢測進展，程序編譯，材料配送的生產程序，小部件的生產和裝配以及最后單元的

19、生產和裝配。e.g. （P34-3-1） e.g. （P36-1-2） steel ordering 鋼材預定 The steel ordering is a key function in the production process, requiring involvement with the drawing office, planning departments, production departments and the steel supplier. The monitoring and control of stock is also important, since the

20、 steel material for a ship is a substantial part of a ships final cost. 重要的e.g. （P36-1-2） 重要的e.g. （P36-2-1) loft 放樣 mould loft (型線)放樣間、放樣臺 The mould loft is a large covered area with a wooden floor upon which the ships details are drawn to full size or some smaller more convenient scale. 放樣臺是一個大的木地板

21、的覆蓋區(qū)域，在放樣臺上全尺度或更加方便的小尺度來繪制船舶的細節(jié)圖。e.g. （P36-2-1) e.g. （P36-2-3)template 樣板mock-up 樣箱 Much of the traditional loft work is now done by computer but some specialist areas still require wooden templates to be made, mock-ups to be constructed, etc. 大部分傳統(tǒng)的放樣工作現(xiàn)在由計算機來完成，但有一些特殊的區(qū)域仍需要制作木質的樣板和樣箱等。e.g. （P36-2-

22、3)e.g. （P36-3-5)joiner 木工butt 對接縫seam 焊縫 Once the ships lines are checked and fair, a half-block model is constructed by joiners usually to about 1/50th scale. This model has the exact lines of the ship and is used to mark out the actual plates on the shell, giving all the positions of the butts and

23、 seams. 一旦船體的型線被檢查和光順后，木工通常按照大約1/50的縮尺比來建造半個模型。該模型具有船體的正確的型線，并在船殼上標注出正確的外板，給出所有對接縫和焊縫的位置。e.g. （P36-3-5)e.g. （P36-4-1)scrieve board 劃線板、刻線板 The loftsman can now produce templates for marking, cutting and bending the actual plates using the full-size scrieve board marking in conjunction with the plate

24、 positions from the model. 現(xiàn)在放樣工就可以用全尺度的刻線板結合標記與從模型中板的位置為標注、切割和彎曲實際的板材來制作樣板。一起、共同e.g. （P36-4-1)一起、共同e.g.（P38-1-6） punched tape 穿孔紙帶magnetic tape 磁帶flow chart 流程圖 A final punched or magnetic tape is produced which is used for the operation of the numerically controlled machine. This process is illust

25、rated by a simple flow chart in Fig.3.4. 生產用于數(shù)控機器操作的最終的穿孔紙帶或磁帶。 這個過程在圖3.4中由一個簡單的流程圖來說明。說明e.g.（P38-1-6） 說明e.g.（P38-2-1） shipyard layout 船廠布置outfitting 舾裝 The shipyard layout is arranged to provide a logical ordered flow of materials and equipment towards the final unit build-up, erection and outfitti

26、ng of the ship. The various production stages are arranged in work areas or shop and, as far as practicable in modern yards, take place under cover. e.g.（P38-2-1） e.g.（P38-4-4） bending rolls 彎板機press 壓力機cold frame bender 肋骨冷彎機 Various shaping operations now take place using plate bending rolls, pres

27、ses, cold frame benders, etc., as necessary. 各種整形的操作現(xiàn)在必要時都是由彎板機，壓力機和肋骨冷彎機來完成。e.g.（P38-4-4） e.g.（P39-1-1）overhead travelling crane 橋式移動起重機vacuum lift cranes 真空吊車magnetic cranes 電磁起重機roller conveyors 滾柱式輸送機fork-lift equipment 叉式起重設備 The material transfer before, during and after the various processes

28、in shipbuilding utilises many handling appliances, such as overhead travelling cranes, vacuum lift cranes or magnetic cranes, roller conveyors, fork-lift equipment, etc. 以前的材料的調撥，在船舶建造期間和之后的各種過程中，都是用許多的處理設備完成，比如橋式移動起重機，真空吊車或電磁起重機，滾柱式輸送機，叉式起重設備等。e.g.（P39-1-1）Translating the following sentences in Eng

29、lish.我想去技術科要一份這種圖紙。 我們在拋丸后要對鋼板涂覆車間底漆。 浮性指船舶在一定裝載下保持正浮的能力。我們利用壓縮空氣來檢驗水密性。外板承受不同強度的外力，因此，板厚會隨受力的不同而變化。 三、 ExerciseTranslating the following sent我們廠想進口一些先進的加工設備，如：數(shù)控機床和自動電焊機。我們廠造集裝箱船，散貨船，還有一些駁船。船舶的傾斜可分為縱傾及橫傾，橫穩(wěn)心比縱穩(wěn)心重要的多。貨船按用途可以分為兩種基本類型，一種用來裝載干貨，另一種用來裝載液貨。多功能運輸船則既可以裝載干貨又可以裝載液貨。 我們廠想進口一些先進的加工設備，如：數(shù)控機床和自動

30、電焊機。我想去技術科要一份這種圖紙。I would like to ask the technical department for a copy of this drawing. 我想去技術科要一份這種圖紙。我們在拋丸后要對鋼板涂覆車間底漆。We paint the steel plates with primer after shot-blasting.我們在拋丸后要對鋼板涂覆車間底漆。浮性指船舶在一定裝載下保持正浮的能力。Floatability indicates the ability of vessel floating positively on water under the condition of a certain amount of deadweight.浮性指船舶在一定裝載下保持正浮的能力。我們利用壓縮空氣來檢驗水密性。We check the watertightness by compressed air.船舶專業(yè)英語課件外板承受不同強度的外力，因此，板厚會