2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖北省聯(lián)考考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號46

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-湖北省聯(lián)考考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Theteam’seffortstoscorewere（

）bytheopposinggoalkeeper.

問題1選項

A.surpassed

B.doubled

C.frustrated

D.furthered

【答案】C

【解析】句意:球隊努力得分,但由于對方的守門員而慘遭失敗。只有選項C符合句意。

2.單選題

Scienceisanenterpriseconcernedwithgaininginformationaboutcausality,ortherelationshipbetweencauseandeffect.Asimpleexampleofacauseisthemovementofapaddleasitstrikesaping-pongball;theeffectisthemovementoftheballthroughtheair.Inpsychologyandothersciences,theword“cause”isoftenreplacedbytheterm“independentvariable”.Thistermimpliesthattheexperimenterisoften“free”tovarytheindependentvariableasheorshedesires(forexample,theexperimentercancontrolthespeedofthepaddleasitstrikestheball).Theterm“dependentvariable”replacestheword“effect”,andthistermisusedbecausetheeffectdependsonsomecharacteristicoftheindependentvariable(theflightoftheballdependsonthespeedofthepaddle).Theconventionsofsciencedemandthatboththeindependentanddependentvariablesbeobservableevents,asisthecaseintheping-pongexample.Inthecaseofbiorhythmtheory,theindependentvariableisthenumberofdaysthathaveelapsedbetweenaperson’sdateofbirthandsometestday.Thedependentvariableistheperson’slevelofperformanceonsomespecifiedtaskonthetestday.Noticethatalthoughtheexperimenterisnotfreetochooseabirthdayforagivenindividual,personswithdifferentdatesofbirthcanbetestedonthesameday,orasinglesubjectcanbetestedonseveraldifferentdays.

Inordertopredicttherelationshipbetweenindependentanddependentvariables,manyscientifictheoriesmakeuseofwhatarecalledinterveningvariables.Interveningvariablesarepurelytheoreticalconceptsthatcannotbeobserveddirectly.Topredicttheflightofaping-pongball,Newtonianphysicsreliesonanumberofinterveningvariables;includingforce,mass,airresistance,andgravity.Youcanprobablyanticipatethattheinterveningvariablesofbiorhythmtheoryarethethreebodilycycleswiththeirspecifiedtimeperiods.Itshouldbeemphasizedthatnotallpsychologicaltheoriesincludeinterveningvariables,andsomepsychologistsobjecttotheirusepreciselybecausetheyarenotdirectlyobservable.

Thefinalmajorcomponentofascientifictheoryisitssyntax,ortherulesanddefinitionsthatstatehowtheindependentanddependentvariablesaretobemeasured,andthatspecifytherelationshipsamongindependentvariables,interveningvariables,anddependentvariables.Itisthesyntaxofbiorhythmtheorythatdescribeshowtouseaperson’sbirthdaytocalculatethecurrentstatusofthethreecycles.Thesyntaxalsorelatesthecyclestothedependentvariable,performance,bystatingthatpositivecyclesshouldcausehighlevelsofperformancewhereasloworcriticalcyclesshouldcauselowperformancelevels.Tosummarize,thecomponentsofascientifictheorycanbedividedintofourmajorcategories:independentvariables,dependentvariables,interveningvariables,andsyntax.

1.Basedonthepassage,causalitymayhavethemeaningthat（

）.

2.Accordingtobiorhythmtheory,（

）.

3.Manytheoriesforpredictingtherelationshipbetweencauseandeffect（

）.

4.Theexampleoftheping-pongballisusedto（

）.

5.Theword“syntax”usedinthelastparagraphreferstothe（

）.

問題1選項

A.causeandeffectcanbeindependentofeachother

B.thereishardlyanythingthathappenswithoutacause

C.dependentandindependentvariablesaffecteachother

D.causeandeffectmayvaryrespectivelyinmostevents

問題2選項

A.one’sbehaviorcanbepredictedbyknowinghisorherbirthday

B.nobodycanchoosehisorherdateofbirthasheorshewishes

C.anindividual’sperformanceisirrelevanttohisorherbirthday

D.aperson’slevelofperformancevariesaccordingtothetestdate

問題3選項

A.testifytheircompleteconformitywithgeneralscientificprinciples

B.justifytheidentityofdependent,independent,andinterveningvariables

C.specifythetimeperiodsofbodilycyclesintermsofpsychologicaltests

D.verifytheirpredictionbyvariablesinconsistentwithconventionsofscience

問題4選項

A.indicateahardnuttocrackinphysics

B.predictvariablesinaperson’sperformance

C.proveacommonfeaturemosttheorieshave

D.showthenegligibilityofinterveningvariables

問題5選項

A.rulesusedfororderingandconnectingwordsinasentence

B.principlesdefiningtheconnectionsamongdifferentvariables

C.definitionsdescribingtheimpactofbiorhythmonone’sbehavior

D.criteriameasuringaperson’sperformancelevelswithbiorhythm

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段第一句“Scienceisanenterpriseconcernedwithgaininginformationaboutcausality,ortherelationshipbetweencauseandeffect.”可知，causality指的是因果關系。選項B符合原文。

2.根據(jù)最后一段“Itisthesyntaxofbiorhythmtheorythatdescribeshowtouseaperson’sbirthdaytocalculatethecurrentstatusofthethreecycles.”生物節(jié)奏理論體系描述了如何使用一個人的生日來計算三個周期的當前狀態(tài)。也就是說，一個人的行為可以通過知道他或她的生日來預測。選項A符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容，為了預測自變量和因變量之間的關系，許多科學理論使用了所謂的介入變量。介入變量是不能直接觀察到的純理論概念。而在第一段有提及，科學的慣例要求自變量和因變量都是可觀察到的事件。由此可以推斷，許多預測因果關系的理論用不符合科學慣例的變量來驗證他們的預測。選項D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第一段“Theconventionsofsciencedemandthatboththeindependentanddependentvariablesbeobservableevents,asisthecaseintheping-pongexample.”科學的慣例要求自變量和因變量都是可觀察到的事件，就比如乒乓球。作者用乒乓球的例子是想證明大多數(shù)理論都有一個共同的特點，那就是自變量和因變量都是可觀察到的。選項C符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段第一句，科學理論的最后一個主要組成部分是它的體系，或者說是描述如何測量自變量和因變量的規(guī)則和定義，以及詳細說明自變量、介入變量和因變量之間的關系。選項B符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

3.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonInformationExplosion.Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow:

1.Currentsituationofinformationexplosion;

2.Advantagesofinformationexplosion;

3.Disadvantagesofinformationexplosion;

4.Yoursuggestions.

【答案】InformationExplosion

Itisknowntoallthatoursisaninformationera,inwhichinformationisavailablethroughmanychannels,suchasbooks,newspapers,magazines,radioandTVstationsandtheInternet.Therapidincreaseintheamountofpublishedinformationandtheeffectsofthisabundanceofdataareknownasinformationexplosion.Toomuchinformationhasinevitablybecomeaheavyburdentosomepeople’sspirituallifebecausetheydonotknowwhatinformationtoturnto.

Thereisnodoubtthatinformationexplosionhasitsadvantages.Asmentionedearlier,wecangetinformationthroughmanychannels.Forexample,ifwewanttocollectinformationconcerningawell-knownproduct,wecandosobyreadingnewspapers,magazines,watchingTVorsurfingtheInternet.Thegreatestadvantageofinformationexplosionliesintheconvenienceithasofferedus.

However,informationexplosionhasitsdisadvantages.Forinstance,newspapers,magazines,radioandTVstations,andtheInternetareabletoprovideuswithaseaofinformation,facedwithwhichwehavegreatdifficultyinselectinginformationsuitableforus.

Onthebasisoftheaboveanalysis,itcanbeconcludedthatinformationexplosionisamixedblessing.Asfarasweareconcerned,wemustnotbenervousinthefaceofinformationexplosion.Whatreallycountsistolearntofiltertheinformationwehavegot.Inotherwords,wemustlearntodistinguishtrueinformationfromfalseinformation,differentiateusefulinformationfromharmfulinformation.

4.單選題

InFebruaryof2005,PhilBelfiorewasteachinghisseventh-gradestudentshowtowriteapoemintentionallycopyingthestyleoftheRobertfrost’s“StoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening”.Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine:“WhosephonethisisIthinkyouknow/Icannotansweritnowthough/Sostateyourname,beveryclear/I’llcallyoubackwhenIgethome.’’.

Thatactwouldleadtooneofthemostunusualfriendshipsofhislife.

WhenPhilandhisfamilyreturnedtoMarylandfromEastervacation,helistenedtohisvoicemessages.Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.Butheaddedhe’dheartilyenjoyedthepoem.Phillaughedandthoughtnothingmoreofit,untilthephonerangafewdayslater.

“Irecognizedthevoiceimmediately,”recallsPhil,now57.“Hesaidthathewassorrytobotherme,buthewascallingtohearthepoemagain.”

Thetwomentalked.JohnThompson,aveterannow73,livedinCheyenneWyoming.Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.“Beforehangingup,Itoldhimtocallbackanytimewhethertohearmoreofthepoemorjusttotalk”recallsPhil.

Thatwas11yearsago.They’vespokenonthephoneafewtimesamontheversince.Johninitiatesmostcalls,butPhilwillringifawhilehaspassed.“Weseemtoalwaysconnectwhenthere’sbeenabigsportsevent.”Philsays.

Themendiscussfootballandfamily.JohnwilltalkexcitedlyabouthispastlifeorupdatePhilonfolkshehasbeenintouchwith.“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,”saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup.Sometimeswejusttalkforaminutetoseehowtheotherisdoing.”

“Likeoldfriends?”Iaskeagerly.I’mtryingtounderstandfromPhilwhatdrawsthesementoeachother.’’Weareoldfriends.’’,Philsays.

Noneedtooverthinkit.John,whoover11yearshassharedalittleofhimselfatatime,haswovenhimselfintothefabricofPhil’slife.IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.HetellsmestoriesofhischildhoodvisitingCapitolHill.

Intheyearssince,JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.Neithermindsthislatest“haven’t”.Theyhaven’tgonetoagametogether,hadacupofcoffeetogether,orsatontheotherssofa.Theirfriendshipisbasedonthesimpleactofpickingupthephone.It’sassimple,andasextraordinary,asthat.

1.WhocomposedtheverseonthePhil’shomeansweringmachine?

2.ThereasonwhyJohnfirstcalledPhilwasthathewantedto_______.

3.Whatdidthetwomentalkaboutmostduringtheirtalks?

4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnandPhil?

問題1選項

A.PhilBelfiore

B.JohnThompson

C.Robertfrost

D.DavidThompson

問題2選項

A.learntowritepoems

B.gotoPhil’sbirthdaylunch

C.connecthisbrother

D.discussRobertfrostwithhim

問題3選項

A.Storiesandholidayromance

B.Travelandexoticplaces

C.Poemsandliterature

D.Sportsandfamily

問題4選項

A.Theywerebestfriendswhohadnotyetmetinperson.

B.Theywerebothpoetswhohadpassionforversecomposition.

C.Theyweregoodstorytellerswhohadextraordinarymemories.

D.Theywerebothveteranswholikedchattingonphoneforhours.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干：誰編著了菲爾家答錄機里的這首詩？通過題干定位到文章第一段的第二句話Helikedthesamplethathehadwrittenforthem,soherecordeditonhishomeansweringmachine（他很喜歡他寫給學生的樣例，所以他將其錄入了家里的答錄機），這里的“he”代指的就是前文中提到的“PhilBelfiore”，因此A選項“菲爾?貝爾菲奧爾”，符合題意。其他選項均不是答錄機里這首詩的作家。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干：約翰首次呼叫菲爾的原因是他想要……？通過題干定位到文章第三段第二句話Onegentlemancallerapologizedfordialingthewrongnumber.（一位紳士為打錯電話而道歉。），第五段第三句話再次提及Itturnedoutthathisbrother,David’sphonenumberwasdifferentfromPhil’sbyonedigit,thusthewrongnumber.（約翰的哥哥大衛(wèi)的電話號碼和菲爾家的僅差一個數(shù)字，所以打錯了電話），可以推斷出約翰本來想和他的哥哥打電話，因為按錯了號碼打給了菲爾，因此C選項“聯(lián)系他哥哥”，符合題意；A選項“學習怎么寫詩”，B選項“參加菲爾的生日宴會”和D選項“和他探討羅伯特這位詩人”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干：兩位男士談論得最多的是?通過題干定位到文章第七段Themendiscussfootballandfamily…“Slowlyovertheyearsourconversationshavegrownmuchmorepersonal,’’saysPhil.“WetalkprimarilyaboutJohn’shealth,andlovelife.Alsoourrelatives,hobbies,andwhateverelsecomesup…”（男人們談論足球和家庭……“這些年來，我們的談話慢慢變得越來越私人?！狈茽栒f?！拔覀冎饕務摷s翰的健康和感情生活，還有我們的親戚、愛好和其他的……”），可知D選項“運動和家庭”，符合題意；A選項“故事和假期”；B選項“旅行和異國”；C選項“詩歌和文學”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為D選項。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干：關于約翰和菲爾，我們知道什么？A選項“他們是沒有見過面的最好的朋友”，由文章最后一段第一句話JohnandPhilhaveplannedtomeettwice,butcircumstancesconspiredagainstthem.（約翰和菲爾有過兩次見面計劃，但是情況都有變動。），可知他們從沒見面過，故A選項正確；B選項“他們都是對詩歌創(chuàng)作很有熱情的詩人”，D選項“他們都是喜歡長時間打電話的退伍軍人”文中提及菲爾是教師，約翰是退伍老兵，因此B，D選項錯誤；C選項“他們都是有特殊回憶的善于說故事的人”，文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句提及IcallJohnandfindhimanengagingstorytellerwithanexceptionalmemory.（我認為約翰是一位有特殊回憶的善于說故事的人），但是并沒有提及菲爾是否擅長講故事，C選項屬于原文的過度推斷，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項。

5.寫作題

Inthispart,youarerequiredtowriteanessayofnolessthan200wordsonCellPhones:aBlessingoraNuisance?Theessayshouldbebasedontheoutlinebelow.

1.Thepresentsituation;

2.Itsadvantages;

3.Itsdisadvantages;

4.Yoursuggestions.

【答案】CellPhones:aBlessingoraNuisance?

Nowadays,withtherapiddevelopmentofinformationtechnologyandinformationindustry,cellphonesplayanimportantroleinpeople’s,especiallytownspeople’slife.But,likeeverythingelse,theyareamixedblessing.

First,it’suseful.Asawirelesstelephone,itcanbecarriedanywhereonewantstogoandcanbeusedtocallthecalleehoweverfarawayheorsheis.Therefore,itgreatlyfacilitatespeople’slife.Second,it’sconvenient.Wheneveronegetsintotroubleormeetssomethingurgent,onecanaskforhelpbymakingaphonecallimmediately.Mostimportantofall,it’saveryhelpfulcompanion.Withamultifunctionalcellphoneinhand,onecaneasilylogon,browsingusefulinformation,conductingE-commerceanddoingwhateveronecandoviatheInternet.

However,justaseverythinghastwosides,thecellphonealsohasmanydisadvantages.First,itmayaffectothers’attention.Forexample,somepeopleusetheircellphoneswhilelisteningtoalectureorattendingameeting,whichundoubtedlydistractstheattentionofothers,thusseriouslyaffectingtheatmosphereofthelectureorthemeeting.Second,itdoesmoreharmtoprimaryschoolstudentsandevenjuniormiddleschoolstudents.Manyofthemdonotknowhowdifficultitisfortheirparentstoearnmoney,theywastealotofmoneychattingwiththeirfriendsorgettingontheNetbymeansoftheircellphones.Worstofall,quiteanumberofadulttesteescheatontheirtestsbyusingtheircellphones.

Inmyview,itisunreasonableandimpossibletobantheuseofcellphonesamongyoungstudents.Whatreallycountsistousecellphonesontherightoccasions.SoIstronglysuggestforbiddingturningonthecellphoneinclass,ontestsoratmeetings.Anothersuggestionistoforbidprimaryschoolstudentsandjuniormiddlestudentstousecellphonesintheirschoolsonweekdays.Ofcoursetheycanusetheirsathomeorelsewhereonweekends.

6.寫作題

YouaresupposedtowritealettertoaprofessorinauniversityintheUnitedStatesorUK,requestingforthepossibilityofacooperativeprogramforPh.D.there.

1.Thelettershouldbeginwith“DearProfessorXXX”

2.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

3.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“MaQing”instead.

4.Donotwritetheaddress.

【答案】DearProfessorPeterDay,

IamMaQingfromNanjingUniversityinJiangsuProvince,thePeople’sRepublicofChina.IhavebecomeaPh.D.candidateofouruniversity.Myresearchinterestiscomparativeculture.WhatIamreallyinterestedinisthesimilarityanddifferencebetweenAmericancultureandChineseculture.IamproudtosaythatIhavemadesomeachievementsinmyacademicresearch.MyresearchpapersoftenappearinsomeinfluentialcorejournalsinChina.Buttotellthetruth,myknowledgeoftheUnitedStatesisfarlessthanmyknowledgeofChina.Sothatisnotconducivetowritingmydissertationrelatedtocomparativeculture.Undersuchcircumstances,Ishouldliketopursueaco-operativeprogramforPh.D.inyouruniversity.IfIhavefinishedlearningsomecoursesinChinathisyear,Iwilltakesomeothercoursesinyouruniversitynextyear.IespeciallywishtomakegreaterprogressinmyacademicresearchunderyourtutelagebecauseIknowyouareafamousscholarintheEastWestCenter,theUniversityofHawaii.

Ifyoucouldacceptmyrequest,Iwouldappreciateitverymuch.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.

Yoursrespectfully

MaQing

7.單選題

Thebookcontainedalarge（

）ofinformation.

問題1選項

A.deal

B.amount

C.number

D.sum

【答案】B

【解析】alargeamountof+不可數(shù)名詞；alargenumberof+可數(shù)名詞；deal的用法為agreat/gooddealof+不可數(shù)名詞。information為不可數(shù)名詞，所以選項B正確。

8.單選題

Amanwhocould（

）suchtreatmentwasamanofremarkablephysicalcourageandmoralstrength.

問題1選項

A.bearupon

B.standupto

C.insiston

D.persistin

【答案】B

【解析】bearupon有關，瞄準，對...施加壓力；standupto經(jīng)得起，抵抗，勇敢地面對；insiston堅持，堅決要求；persistin堅持，固執(zhí)于。句意：能夠經(jīng)得起這種對待的人是很有膽量和勇氣的人。選項B符合句意。

9.單選題

ScarJoisnotthefirstAmericantoconveytheimpressionthatyoucangetbyinPariswithoutspeakingFrench;DavidSedarisfoundplentyofmaterialwritingabouthisdreadoflearningFrenchwhenhelivedinParis.Heavoidedthechallengelargelybyhidingawayalldayintheaters,watchingEnglish-languagefilms.DirectorWesAndersonloveshisplaceinParis,butfreelyadmitshedoesn’tspeakthelanguageatleastnotwellenoughtounderstandqueriesatpressconferences.Hence,thequestion:CanyouactuallyliveinPariswithoutspeakingFrench?

AssomeonemarriedtoaFrenchman,withwhomIliveinParisafewmonthsofeveryyear,I’lloffermyquickanswer:Yes.Butifyoucan’treallytalktoParisians,youwillneverhitthebeautiful,thoughtful,gentlesweetsoftspotthatliesbehindtheirFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence—whichpresentsitselfascoldnessorcrankiness.Findingthatsweetspot,viahourschattingwiththemincafesandbars,allowedmetoloveParisiansafteralongperiodoffindingthemcompletelyimpossible.Ifyouaregoingtolearn,theonlywaytogoistotalimmersion.So:

1.TakelessonsorhireatutortositinacafeandspeakFrenchwithyouasoftenasyoucanafford.(Andgiventhenumberofwell-educated,unemployedParisyouthseekingwork,it’snotthatexpensive.)

2.InsistthatyourFrenchfriendsspeakonlyFrenchwithyou.Thisispainfulandwillsendyouhomeattheendofthedaywithanachinghead.Butyou’llalsosoonrealizejusthowdifferenteverydayFrenchisfromthestilted,outdatedFrenchyoulearnedinschool.Onlyveryformalorwrittencasescallforbeginningquestionswith“Est-ceque...”orforusingthenousformforusanymore.AndlestyoutakeoffensewhenaParisianrepliestoyourFrenchwithherEnglish,remember—it’sherchancetoshowoffandpracticeherESL.ParisianswantyoutoknowthattheyarefarmorelikelytospeakgoodEnglishthanFrenchpeopleoutsideofParis,whoseEnglishmasteryembarrassinglyfallsbehindnotjustNorthernEuropebutEasternEurope,andwhoseconfidencelevelsaboutspeakingEnglish,accordingly,arealsolow.

Also,don’ttakeoffenseifsomeoneseemstobealmostdaringyoutospeakFrench.SaysmyfriendCindraFeuer,whohasbeenlivingonandoffinParisfornearlytwoyearswithherFrenchgirlfriend:HerfatherspeaksgoodEnglish,buthealwaystalkstomeinFrench.IthoughtitwasachallengeuntilmygirlfriendtoldmethathewasjustinsecureaboutspeakinglessthanperfectEnglisharoundme.AndthereinliesabigdifferencebetweenParisiansandAmericans,andourschoolingsystems.Wewereschooledandweliveinaculturewhereit’sokaytostumble,totryandfail,tobelessthanperfect.Theold,rote,didactic,shame-basedFrenchschoolingsystemdieshard.FrenchpeopleareoftenafraidtospeakEnglishunlesstheycanfeelassuredit’simpeccable.You,however,shouldcastshameaside.Andifyoudon’thavetimeforatutor,here’saquickguideonhowtofakeit.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,ifonecan’treallytalktoParisians,hewill________.

6.Parisianslikereplyingtoothers’FrenchwiththeirEnglishbecause________.

7.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutParisianswhencomparedwithAmericans?

8.Whatistheauthorgoingtowriteaboutattheendofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.avoidmeetingwithFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence

B.failtogetbyorchatwithParisiansincafesandbars

C.missthechanceofenjoyingtherealcharmofParisians

D.finditanurgentcalltolearnFrenchwell

問題2選項

A.theyareafraidofmakingothersoffended

B.theyfeelinferiortoEuropeansintermsoflanguage

C.theyarehelpfultopeopleoutsideofParis

D.theyfeelproudoftheirabilitytospeakgoodEnglish

問題3選項

A.TheydonotallowthemselvestomakemistakesinspeakingEnglish.

B.TheyfeelassuredaboutstumblingwhenspeakingtoAmericans.

C.TheydonotliketheirschoolingsystemofteachingEnglish.

D.TheyenjoycompetingwithAmericansinspeakingEnglish.

問題4選項

A.SuggestionsonhowtospeakproperFrench.

B.Adviceonhowtocastshameaside.

C.Guidanceforlookingforaqualifiedtutor.

D.ArrangementsforpractisingFrench.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干：作者認為，如果一個人不能和巴黎人交流，他將……？根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段第二句話Butifyoucan’treallytalktoParisians,youwillneverhitthebeautiful,thoughtful,gentlesweetsoftspotthatliesbehindtheirFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence—whichpresentsitselfascoldnessorcrankiness.（但是如果你真的不能和巴黎人交談，你將永不能發(fā)現(xiàn)，藏在法國人害羞和缺乏自信——常表現(xiàn)為冷漠和偏執(zhí)背后的是那些美麗的，體貼的，溫和的，甜美的軟肋。），可知巴黎人通常表現(xiàn)為冷漠和偏執(zhí)，只有通過交流，才能發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的各種優(yōu)點。因此，C選項“錯失了欣賞巴黎人真正的魅力的機會”，符合題意；A項“不會看到法國人的害羞以及缺乏自信”，與原文相悖，故排除；文章第二段第三句話Findingthatsweetspot,viahourschattingwiththemincafesandbars（最有效的方式就是和他們在咖啡館或者酒吧聊天），這句話說明了解巴黎人的魅力的方法是通過在咖啡館和酒吧聊天，而B項“不能和巴黎人在咖啡館和酒吧聊天”，不是不能和巴黎人交流的后果，而是和巴黎人交流最好的方式，因此B選項不符合題意；D項“發(fā)現(xiàn)學好法語是急迫要求”，在文中并沒有提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項。

6.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干：巴黎人喜歡用英語回應其他法國人是因為……？根據(jù)題干定位到文章第四段第五句話AndlestyoutakeoffensewhenaParisianrepliestoyourFrenchwithherEnglish,remember—it’sherchancetoshowoffandpracticeherESL.（當一個巴黎人用英語回答你的法語時，你要記住，這是她炫耀和練習英語的機會），可知D選項“他們對于自己說好英語的能力感到驕傲”，符合題意；根據(jù)文章第四段第六句話ParisianswantyoutoknowthattheyarefarmorelikelytospeakgoodEnglishthanFrenchpeopleoutsideofParis...,arealsolow.（巴黎人想讓你知道，他們比巴黎以外的法國人更有可能講一口流利的英語……，他們對說英語也沒有什么自信。），可知除巴黎之外其他城市的法國人說英語不如歐洲人而且他們不自信，而B選項“在語言方面，他們覺得自己不如歐洲人”，主語是巴黎人，不符合題意，排除；A選項“他們害怕讓其他人感到不舒服”和C選項“他們有助于巴黎之外的人”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為D選項。

7.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。題干：和美國人相比，作者怎么認為巴黎人？根據(jù)題干定位到文章最后一段第五句話Wewereschooledandweliveinaculturewhereit’sokaytostumble,totryandfail,tobelessthanperfect.Theold,rote,didactic,shame-basedFrenchschoolingsystemdieshard.FrenchpeopleareoftenafraidtospeakEnglishunlesstheycanfeelassuredit’simpeccable.（我們受過教育，且我們的文化教會我們摔倒，嘗試后失敗，不完美都是沒關系的。然而老式，生硬，說教，以羞恥為基礎的法國學校教育體制很難改變。法國人常害怕說英語，除非他們確認自己不會犯錯），可知法國人只有在確定沒有錯誤的前提下，才會說英語，因此A選項“在說英語的時候，他們不允許自己犯錯”，符合題意；B選項“當和美國人說英語的時候，對于障礙，他們感到自信”，本句提到美國人說第二母語是不會害怕犯錯的，但是法國人相反，因此B選項的描述錯誤，排除；C項“他們不喜歡學校的英語教學體制”，在文中沒有提及，故排除；D項“在說英語方面，他們享受和美國競爭”，文章只提及了美國人和法國人在說非母語時的不同，并沒有提到競爭，故D選項排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項。

8.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干：在文章末尾，作者打算寫……？最后一段作者提到相比于美國人，法國人說英語時害怕犯錯。緊接著最后一句話提到Y(jié)ou,however,shouldcastshameaside.Andifyoudon’thavetimeforatutor,here’saquickguideonhowtofakeit.（然而，你應該拋開羞恥。如果你沒有時間請家教，這里有一個快速指南教你如何偽裝。），可知作者建議我們學習法語時，不應該害羞，害怕犯錯，如果沒時間上課學習法語，這里有一些建議，因此作者接下來很可能會教授如何說好法語的建議，因此A選項“說好法語的建議”，符合題意；B選項“拋開恥辱的建議”和C選項“尋找合格導師的指導”都是屬于文章的過度推斷，排除；D選項“練習法語的安排”，作者只會給讀者一些建議，而不是安排，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項。

10.翻譯題

ItisnotdifficulttobepessimisticaboutthefutureofEuropeanbusiness.

ComparedwiththeawesomestrengthofAmericaandtherawpowerofemergingAsia,Europeissometimesportrayedasahas-been,excellinginluxurygoods,finefood,winesandfashionbutweigheddownbytoomanyoldindustriesandoldideas.Frommicrochipstomicrobes,pooroldEuropeseemstotrailinAmerica’sandAsia’swake.

AmericaenjoysawesomeadvantagesoverEurope.Itisahuge,trulysinglemarketwitharelativelyyouthful,growingpopulation.Itistheworld’seconomicsuperpower,withmuchhigherproductivitythanitscompetitors(thoughproductivitygrowthhasrecentlybeendisappointing,andlastyearwasslightlybelowEurope’s).Ithasworld-classuniversitiesthatworkhandinglovewithbusinesses.AmericanshavenotonlywonmoreNobelprizes,theyhaveturnedmorescientificadvancesintoprofitablebusinessesthananyoneelse.Manyofthesefirmshavegoneontobecomethegiantsofmodernbusiness.

ItmayhavebeenaBritishscientist,SirTimBerners-Lee,workingatalaboratoryinSwitzerland,whoinventedtheworldwideweb,butAmericaisthehomeoftheInternetandallthebusinesssectorsithasspawned.

AndevenwhereEuropeisholdingitsownagainstAmerica,itseemsunabletoretainitsadvantage.Boeingdriftedbadlyinthe1990sasEurope’sAirbusmadestrides,buthavingmergedwithMcDonnellDouglas,theAmericangiantbouncedback.ItisnowtakingmarketsharefromtheEuropeans.

America’seconomicgrowth,averaging2.5%ayearsince2001,hasreflectedthisdynamicbusinessculture,whereasEuropehasmanagedanaveragegrowthrateofbarely1.5%overthesameperiod,thoughthepacehaspickedupinthepastyear.Europe’ssluggishperformanceisoftenputdowntothepoorbusinessclimate.Rigidlaborlawsandstrongunionsmakeitdifficultforfirmstofireredundantworkersandunattractivetohirenewones.ProductmarketsarenotascompetitiveasAmerica’s,andthesingleEuropeanmarkethasyettobecomearealityinareassuchasbankingandservices.

Corporategovernancetooisvariable:transparentandworld-classinBritain,butofteninadequateincontinentalEurope.Moreover,Europeangovernmentsliketomeddle.Francehasdrawnupalistofstrategicindustries,includingcasinos,thatitthinksneedspecialprotectionfromforeigntakeovers.EvenSpain,withitsnewAnglo-Saxonbusinessculture,triedtostopaGermanutilityfromtakingoveraSpanishpowercompany.TelecomItalia’sattemptstohiveoffitsmobile-phonebusinessbecamehighlypoliticized.

ManyEuropeanpoliticiansarefearfulabouttheeffectsofglobalizationandtheriseofChinaandIndia.CertainlyAsiahasbeenmakingitselfmorestronglyfeltinEuropeinrecentyears.JapannowhascarfactoriesinFranceandtheCzechRepublicaswellasinBritain,andimportsfromSouthKorea’sresurgentcarindustryhavebeencausingdifficultiesatRenaultandPSAPeugeotCriterion.India’sTataGrouptooisplanningtoexportcarstosomesouthernandeasternEuropeanmarketswheretheywillprovidemorecompetitionforthetraditionalwestEuropeanmanufacturers.

【答案】美國經(jīng)濟走勢讓人肅然起敬,日益崛起的亞洲生機勃勃,而歐洲則如昔日黃花,過分追求奢侈品、時尚和美酒佳肴