2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)4

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-北京航空航天大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

TradewithBritainandtheWestIndiesallowedcolonialseaportssuchasBostonto

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.postpone

B.procure

C.pursue

D.prosper

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:與英國和西印度群島的貿(mào)易使諸如波士頓這樣的殖民海港得以繁榮發(fā)展。故選D。

2.單選題

Deserts,dryareaswith（）novegetation,covermorethanone-thirdoftheEarth’sland

surface.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.surprisingly

B.eventually

C.permanently

D.virtually

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：（）沒有植被的沙漠和干旱地區(qū)，覆蓋超過三分之一的地球陸地表面。

surprisingly令人驚奇地，令人吃驚地；eventually最終地；permanently永久地；virtually幾乎；事實(shí)上。

D項(xiàng)符合句意。

3.單選題

Lymediseaseiscausedbybacteriathatare（）bydeertick.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.emitted

B.transmitted

C.communicated

D.distributed

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。B選項(xiàng)transmitted意為“傳播，傳染（疾?。?。句意：萊姆病是一種由鹿蜱傳播的細(xì)菌所（）的疾病。A選項(xiàng)emitted發(fā)出，發(fā)射；B選項(xiàng)transmitted傳播，傳染（疾病）；C選項(xiàng)communicated傳達(dá)，表達(dá)；D選項(xiàng)distributed分配，散布。B選項(xiàng)transmitted符合句意

4.單選題

Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir（）powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cumulative

B.destructive

C.turbulent

D.prevalent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。cumulative積累的；destructive破壞性的，毀滅性的；turbulent騷亂的，混亂的；prevalent普遍的。句意：颶風(fēng)是具有殺傷力的風(fēng)，其（）力量在于其能夠造成的物質(zhì)損壞。因此,B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

Thepeoplelivingintheseapartmentshavefree（）tothatswimmingpool.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.access

B.excess

C.excursion

D.recreation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：住在這些公寓里的人可以免費(fèi)去那個(gè)游泳池。have（free）accessto為固定搭配，意為“免費(fèi)...”。因此A項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Manyyearsagopeoplethoughttheearthwasflat.Theybelievedthatthesky（）abigup-side-downbowlandthatthesun,moon,andstarswerelampshangingfromthetopofthebowl.Later,people（）better.Theyfoundoutthattheearth（）round.

Wecallthestudyoftheskiesandtheplanetsastronomy,（）wecallthewatchersoftheskiesastronomer.EarlyastronomersthoughttheearthwasthecenterofTheythoughttheheavensspun（）theearth.Later,theychangedtheir（）Theyknewtheearthwasnotthecenter.Theybelievedthattheearthandthe（）planetsspinaroundthesun.Todayweknowthisistrue.

Ancientscientistsstudiedtheskies（）simpleinstruments.Thefirstperson（）atele-scopewasnamedGalileo.In1610（）fourmoonsaroundtheplanetJupiter.Today（）usemorecomplexequipment.Someofthesemeasurethebrightnessoflight.（）breaklightsupintodifferentcolors.Radiotelescopesmakestarsandplanets（）farcloserthanGalileo’stelescopecould.Earlyastronomers（）fiveplanetsinthesky.BesidesEarth,theyknewaboutmercury,Ve-nus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.In1781aseventhonewasdiscoveredandnamedUranus.Yearslat-er,astronomersfoundanotherplanetandcalleditNeptune.TheninthplanettobefoundiscalledPluto.Itwasnot（）until1930.

Todayscientistscan（）almostanywhere.Theyhavereachedtheheavenswiththeirspace-craft.In1959,aspacecraft（）tookpicturesofthedarksideofthemoon.TheyearslateraspacecraftlandedtwoAmericansonthemoon.Otherimportantjourneysintospace（）.Whoknows?Maybe（）humanbeingswillliveonanotherplanet.Maybeyouwillbeoneofthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.was

C.hadbeen

D.were

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.spoke

B.told

C.knew

D.swore

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.hadbeen

C.is

D.were

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.and

B.but

C.yet

D.still

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.anything

B.nothing

C.something

D.everything

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.round

C.about

D.along

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.jobs

B.minds

C.suggestion

D.advice

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.other

B.another

C.rest

D.remained

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.on

C.with

D.within

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.touse

B.used

C.uses

D.ofusing

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.invented

B.created

C.saw

D.discovered

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.musicians

B.carpenters

C.astronomers

D.scholars

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Theothers

B.Others

C.Another

D.Theother

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.look

B.looking

C.tolook

D.looks

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.couldhaveseen

B.couldsee

C.hadseen

D.saw

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.trapped

B.served

C.discovered

D.settled

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.run

B.explore

C.play

D.relax

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.first

B.firstly

C.forthefirst

D.firstofall

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.followed

B.hadfollowed

C.werefollowing

D.follow

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.someday

B.someday

C.somedays

D.somedays

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:D

第12題:C

第13題:A

第14題:A

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:A

第20題:A

【解析】1.語法分析。謂語動(dòng)詞believed為一般過去式，主語thesky為第三人稱單數(shù)，因此選B。

2.詞義辨析。句意：人們得更多。knew知道、了解，符合句意。

3.語法分析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)地球是圓的。屬于客觀事實(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選C。

4.邏輯關(guān)系。句意：我們將對(duì)天空和星球的研究稱為天文學(xué)，我們將星空觀察者稱為天文學(xué)家。前后兩句為并列關(guān)系，故選A。

5.詞義辨析。句意：早期的天文學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球是宇宙萬物的中心。D項(xiàng)everything意為“所有事物”,符合句意。

6.固定搭配。此處句意為：他們認(rèn)為天堂圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)。spinaround為固定搭配意為“圍繞……旋轉(zhuǎn)”。

7.詞義辨析。此處句意應(yīng)為：他們改變了想法/認(rèn)知。jobs工作；minds想法；suggestion建議；advice建議。

8.詞義辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為地球和行星圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。other其他的；another另外一個(gè)；rest剩余的；remain剩下的。故選A。

9.介詞辨析。句意：古代科學(xué)家通過簡易工具研究天空。by憑借……工具或手段；on在……上面；with伴隨；within在……里面。故選A。

10.語法分析?？崭裉帒?yīng)為定語修飾主語。而動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞形式可以做定語。故A項(xiàng)為動(dòng)詞不定式做定語正確。

11.詞義辨析。句意：1610年，在木星周圍了四顆衛(wèi)星。invented發(fā)明；created創(chuàng)造；saw看見；discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選D。

12.詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)如今使用更精密的設(shè)備。C項(xiàng)astronomers（天文學(xué)家）正確。

13.關(guān)聯(lián)。根據(jù)前半句someof（有些）推斷空格處應(yīng)為Theothers（其他的）。

14.語法分析。Make為使役動(dòng)詞，后面跟動(dòng)詞原形。故選A。

15.語法分析?？崭裉幨菍?duì)過去的一種推測(cè)：早期的天文學(xué)家可能已經(jīng)看到了天空中的五顆行星。因此用could表示推測(cè)。

16.詞義辨析。句意：直到1930年科學(xué)家才它。trapped誘捕、陷入困境；served招待、服務(wù)；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；settled定居、解決。故C項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.詞義辨析。句意：科學(xué)家?guī)缀跄軌蛴钪娴娜魏蔚胤?。run運(yùn)行、跑；explore探索；play玩耍；relax放松。故B項(xiàng)符合句意。

18.詞義辨析。句意：在1959年，一艘宇宙飛船首次拍到黑暗的月球上的照片。A項(xiàng)first意為“第一次”,而其他選項(xiàng)都表示“首先”，故選A。

19.語法分析。此句講述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，因此用一般過去時(shí)。

20.詞義辨析。句意：或許總有一天，人們會(huì)居住到另外一個(gè)星球。因此A項(xiàng)someday（有一天）正確。

7.單選題

Theriverwas（）withindustrialwastefromthenearbyfactory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Irradiated

B.contaminated

C.corrupted

D.fragmented

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:這條河被來自附近的工業(yè)廢料（）。

irradiate輻射；contaminate污染；corrupt使腐敗，使墮落；fragment分裂，使成碎片。由題意可知這條河被工業(yè)廢料污染了，B選項(xiàng)“污染”符合句意。

8.單選題

ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased（），awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Circulation

B.reproduction

C.manipulation

D.penetration

【答案】A

【解析】句意：美國報(bào)紙的新技術(shù)革命帶來了（）、覆蓋面拓寬和新聞工作的增加。A選項(xiàng)circulation發(fā)行量；B選項(xiàng)reproduction復(fù)制；生殖；C選項(xiàng)manipulation操縱，控制；D選項(xiàng)penetration滲透，A符合句意。

9.單選題

Ingeneral，matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:—般來說，國家邊境問題是政府（）關(guān)心的問題。

extinct滅絕的；excluding除…外，不包括;excessive過度的，過分的;exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的。D項(xiàng)exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的符合句意，在這里表示“專門的,特別的”。

10.單選題

Emailisaconvenient,highlydemocraticinformalmediumforconveyingmessages

that（）welltohumanneeds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adheres

B.conforms

C.satisfies

D.reflects

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。adheres堅(jiān)持，黏附；conforms符合；satisfies滿足，使?jié)M意；reflects反射，考慮。句意：電子郵件是方便的、高度大眾化的用于傳遞信息的非正式媒介，它（）人們的需求。從語義上來說，B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)都可以,但是satisfy是及物動(dòng)詞，排除。conformto意為“符合，遵照，順應(yīng)”，因此正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

11.單選題

Ingeneral,matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：一般來說，國家邊境問題是政府關(guān)心的問題。

extinct滅絕的；excluding除……外，不包括；excessive過度的，過分的；exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的。

D項(xiàng)exclusive獨(dú)有的，專一的符合句意，在這里表示“專門的，特別的”。

12.單選題

Largecompaniesneedawaytoreachthesavingsofthepublicatlarge.Thesameproblem,onasmallerscale,facespracticallyeverycompanytryingtodevelopnewproductsandcreatenewjobs.Therecanbelittleprospectofraisingthesortofsumneededfromfriendsandpeopleweknow,andwhilebanksmayagreetoprovideshort-termfinance,theyaregenerallyunwillingtoprovidemoneyonapermanentbasisforlong-termprojects.Socompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits.Thistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessisnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,andrequiresmoremoneythanisraisedthroughTheStockExchange.Bydoingsotheycanputintocirculationthesavingsofindividualsbothathomeandoverseas.

Whenthesaverneedshismoneyback,hedoesnothavetogotothecompanywithwhichheoriginallyplacedit.Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbroker（證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人）tosomeothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney.

ManyoftheservicesneededbothbyindustryandbyeachofusareprovidedbytheGovernmentorbylocalauthorities.Hospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,equipmentandnewdevelopment,iftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiremoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone.TheGovernment,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustriesthereforefrequentlyneedtoborrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthentoo,cometoTheStockExchange.

Thereishardlyamanorwomaninthiscountrywhosejoborwhosestandardoflivingdoesnotdependontheabilityofhisorheremployerstoraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopment.Inonewayoranotherthisnewmoneymustcomefromthesavingsofthecountry.TheStockExchangeexiststoprovideachannelthroughwhichthesesavingscanreachthosewhoneedfinance.

1.Almostallcompaniesinvolvedinnewproductionanddevelopmentmust（）.

2.Themoneywhichenablesthesecompaniestogoaheadwiththeirprojectsis（）.

3.Whenthesaverswanttheirmoneybackthey（）.

4.Alltheessentialservicesonwhichwedependare（）.

5.TheStockexchangemakesitpossiblefortheGovernment,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindus-tries（）

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relyontheirownfinancialresources

B.persuadethebankstoprovidelong-termfinance

C.borrowlargesumsofmoneyfromfriendsandpeopleweknow

D.dependonthepopulationasawholeforfinance

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.repaidtoitsoriginalownersassoonaspossible

B.raisedbythesellingofsharesinthecompanies

C.exchangedforpartownershipinTheStockExchange

D.investedindifferentcompaniesonTheStockExchange

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.askanothercompanytoobtaintheirmoneyforthem

B.lookforotherpeopletoborrowmoneyfrom

C.puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket

D.transfertheirmoneytoamoresuccessfulcompany

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.runbytheGovernmentorourlocalauthorities

B.inconstantneedoffinancialsupport

C.financedwhollybyratesandtaxes

D.unabletoprovidefortheneedsofthepopulation

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.toborrowasmuchmoneyastheywish

B.tomakecertaineverybodysavesmoney

C.toraisemoneytofinancenewdevelopments

D.tomakecertaineverybodylendsmoneytothem

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出：SOcompaniesturntothepublic,invitingpeopletolendthemmoney,ortakeashareinthebusinessinexchangeforashareinfutureprofits（因此，公司轉(zhuǎn)向公眾，邀請(qǐng)人們借錢給他們，或是在企業(yè)中分一杯羹，以換取未來利潤的一份份額）。因此，D選項(xiàng)“依靠大眾作為資金來源”，符合題意。

2.B。

細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出：Thistheydobyissuingstocksandsharesinthebusinessisnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,andrequiresmoremoneythanisraisedthroughTheStockExchange（他們通過發(fā)行股票和股票來實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)）。因此B項(xiàng)“通過出售公司股份籌集”正確。

3.C。

細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出：Instead,hesellshissharesthroughastockbroker（證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人）tosomeothersaverwhoisseekingtoinvesthismoney（相反，通過證券經(jīng)紀(jì)人出售股票給其他正在尋求投資機(jī)會(huì)的人，就可以讓資金回籠）。因此，C項(xiàng)“puttheirsharesinthecompanybackonthemarket”正確。

4.B。

推理題。第三段指出：Hospitals,roads,electricity,telephones,equipmentandnewdevelopment,iftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiremoremoneythanisraisedthroughtaxesalone（幾乎所有的服務(wù)都需要更多的資金來更好地運(yùn)營，而不僅僅只是靠稅收）。因此推測(cè)，B項(xiàng)“不斷需要資金支持”正確。

5.C。

細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“Government,localauthoritiesandnationalizedindus-tries”定位至第三段：TheGovernment,localauthorities,andnationalizedindustries

thereforefrequentlyneedtoborrowmoneytofinancemajorcapitalspending,andthentoo,cometoTheStockExchange（政府、地方當(dāng)局和國有工業(yè)因此需要經(jīng)常借錢以支撐主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)開支，然后需要轉(zhuǎn)向證券交易所）。因此，C項(xiàng)“籌集資金資助新的發(fā)展”正確。

13.單選題

IntheChinesehousehold,grandparentsandotherrelativesplay（）rolesin

raisingchildren.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incapable

B.indispensable

C.insensible

D.infinite

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在中國家庭里，（外）祖父母和其他親戚在撫養(yǎng)孩子的過程中充當(dāng)（）的角色。A選項(xiàng)incapable無能力的；B選項(xiàng)indispensable不可缺少的；絕對(duì)必要的；C選項(xiàng)insensible無感覺的；D選項(xiàng)infinite無限的，B選項(xiàng)indispensable符合句意。

14.單選題

Theship’sgeneratorbrokedown，andthepumpshadtobeoperated（）in-

steadofmechanically.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.manually

B.artificially

C.automatically

D.synthetically

【答案】A

【解析】句意：船的發(fā)電機(jī)出了故障，所以得（）操作泵以代替機(jī)械操作。A選項(xiàng)manually手工地；B選項(xiàng)artificially人為地；C選項(xiàng)automatically自動(dòng)地；D選項(xiàng)synthetically綜合地，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

15.單選題

Mr.Smithbecamevery（）whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)史密斯先生被暗示犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他變得非常（）。ingenious靈敏的，聰明的；empirical以事實(shí)為依據(jù)的；objective客觀的；indignant憤怒的。故選D。

16.單選題

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancialoutlookforthenextyearwasoptimistic.Theyexpectincreasedtax（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.efficiency

B.revenues

C.privileges

D.validity

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃委員會(huì)對(duì)他們下一年的經(jīng)濟(jì)前景持樂觀態(tài)度。他們期盼稅收增加。

efficiency效率；revenue稅收，收益；privilege特權(quán)；validity有效性。taxrevenue表示“稅收”，是常用詞組。故本題選B。

17.單選題

ThecompanythatJoanworksforis（）withanautomotivecompany,soshecangetadis-countonanewcar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.correlated

B.parallel

C.affiliated

D.accounted

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：Joan工作的公司（）一家汽車公司，所以她買新車有折扣。

correlated有相互關(guān)系的；parallel平行的；affiliated附屬的，有關(guān)的；accounted記賬的；報(bào)告的。此處“beaffiliatedwith”為固定搭配，意思是“隸屬于”，A項(xiàng)“有相互關(guān)系的”說得太模糊，看到C項(xiàng)是可以確定是隸屬關(guān)系，公司員工才能拿到折扣，故選C。

18.單選題

In1906muchofSanFranciscowasdestroyedbyanearthquakeandthefiresthat（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evaded

B.ensued

C.encountered

D.emitted

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：1906，舊金山大部分地區(qū)被地震和隨后發(fā)生的火災(zāi)摧毀。因此選B。

19.單選題

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildatacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybehopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.Butclearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

TodaynosuchseverelackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlyatrighttime,buttheprocessisslowandhardoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.

Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.Attwelveweeksababysmilesandmakesbowel-likesounds;attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands;ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1,000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourhislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinbornwiththecapacitytospeak.Whatisspecialaboutman’sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern“toy-bear”.Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain’sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.

Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild’sbabbling,graspingandsmiling,andrespondstothem.Insensitivityofthemothertothesesignalsdullstheinteractionbecausethechildgetsdiscouragedandsendsoutonlytheobvioussignals.Sensitivitytothechild’snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.

1.ThepurposeofFrederickI’sexperimentwas（）.

2.Thereasonthatsomechildrenarebackwardinspeakingismostlikelythat（）

3.Whatisparticularlyremarkableaboutachildisthat（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

5.Ifachildstartstospeaklaterthanothers,hewill（）infuture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toprovethatchildrenarebornwithabilitytospeak

B.todiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeak

C.tofindoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingachildtospeak

D.toprovethatachildcouldbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyareincapableoflearninglanguagerapidly

B.theyareexposedtotoomuchlanguageatonce

C.theirmothersrespondinadequatelytotheirattemptstospeak

D.theirmothersarenotintelligentenoughtohelpthem

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.heisbornwiththecapacitytospeak

B.hehasabrainmorecomplexthanananimal’s

C.hecanproducehisownsentences

D.heoweshisspeechabilitytogoodnursing

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thefacultyofspeechisinborninman.

B.Thechild’sbrainishighlyselective.

C.Mostchildrenlearntheirlanguageindefinitestages.

D.Alltheabove

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.haveahighIQ

B.belessintelligent

C.beinsensitivetoverbalsignals

D.notnecessarilybebackward

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“FrederickI’sexperiment”定位至第一段：itmaybehopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent（他讓護(hù)士們保持沉默，這也許是為了發(fā)現(xiàn)如果沒有聽到母語，孩子會(huì)說什么語言）。因此，B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“childrenarebackwardinspeaking”定位至第三段：mostoftenthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant（最常見的原因是母親對(duì)嬰兒發(fā)出的信號(hào)不敏感。），因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.第四段指出：evenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain’sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways（更令人難以置信的是，年輕的大腦能夠從周圍聲音的混合中挑出語言的順序，以新的方式分析、組合和重組語言的各個(gè)部分）。因此C選項(xiàng)“他可以組成自己的句子”正確。

4.文章第四段第三句指出：atfourhislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinbornwiththecapacitytospeak，可知孩子的語言能力一部分是天生的；從第四段最后一句可知年輕的大腦能夠從周圍聲音的混合中挑出語言的順序，以新的方式分析、組合和重組語言的各個(gè)部分，可知嬰兒的大腦是具有選擇性的，文章第四段第一句指出：expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage，可知人類的語言階段往往是在特定的年紀(jì)完成的，由此可知，A、B和C選項(xiàng)均正確，故選D。

5.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“childstartstospeaklater”定位至第四段：therearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ（有的孩子掌握語言能力的時(shí)期較晚，但最后卻變成了高智商的人），但是并不是每一個(gè)孩子都這樣，因此排除A選項(xiàng)，B、C選項(xiàng)在文章中沒有提及，由此可知D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

20.單選題

Printmakingisthegenerictermforanumberofprocesses,ofwhichwoodcutandengravingarewoprimeexamples.Printsaremadebypressingasheetofpaper(orothermaterial)againstanim-age-bearingsurfacetowhichinkhasbeenapplied.Whenthepaperisremoved,theimageadherestot,butinreverse.

ThewoodcuthadbeenusedinChinafromthefifthcenturyA.D.forapplyingpatternstotex-tiles.TheprocesswasnotintroducedintoEuropeuntilthefourteenthcentury,firstfortextiledecora-tionandthenforprintingonpaper.Woodcutsarecreatedbyareliefprocess:first,theartisttakesalockofwood,whichhasbeensawedparalleltothegrain,coversitwithawhiteground,andthenrawstheimageinink.Thebackgroundiscarvedaway,leavingthedesignareaslightlyraised.Theoodblockisinked,andtheinkadherestotheraisedimage.Itisthentransferredtodamppaperei-therbyhandorwithaprintingpress.

Engraving,whichgrewoutofthegoldsmith’sart,originatedinGermanyandnorthernItalyintheiddleofthefifteenthcentury.Itisanintaglioprocess(fromItalianintagliare,“tocarve”).Theim-geisincisedintoahighlypolishedmetalplate,usuallycopper,withacuttinginstrument,orburin.Theartistinkstheplateandwipesitcleansothatsomeinkremainsintheincisedgrooves.Anim-pressionismadeondamppaperinaprintingpress,withsufficientpressurebeingappliedsothattheaperpicksuptheink.

Bothwoodcutandengravinghavedistinctivecharacteristics.Engravinglendsitselftosubtlemodelingandshadingthroughtheuseoffinelines.Hatchingandcross-hatchingdeterminethedegreeoflightandshadeinaprint.Woodcutstendtobemorelinear,withsharpercontrastsbetweenlightanddark.Printmakingiswellsuitedtotheproductionofmultipleimages.Asetofmultiplesiscalledanedition.Bothmethodscanyieldseveralhundredgood-qualityprintsbeforetheoriginalblockorplatebeginstoshowsignsofwear.Massproductionofprintsinthesixteenthcenturymadeimagesavailable,atalowercost,toamuchbroaderpublicthanbefore.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theword“prime”inline2isclosestinmeaningto().

3.Theauthor’spurposeinparagraph2istodescribe().

4.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueaboutengravingEXCEPTthat

it().

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatdowoodcutandengravinghaveincommon?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoriginsoftextiledecoration.

B.Thecharacteristicsofgood-qualityprints.

C.Twotypesofprintmaking.

D.Typesofpaperusedinprintmaking.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.principal

B.complex

C.general

D.recent

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thewoodcutsfoundinChinainthefifthcentury

B.theuseofwoodcutsinthetextileindustry

C.theprocessinvolvedincreatingawoodcut

D.theintroductionofwoodcutstoEurope

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.developedfromtheartofthegoldsmiths

B.requiresthatthepaperbecutwithaburin

C.originatedinthefifteenthcentury

D.involvescarvingintoametalplate

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theirdesignsareslightlyraised.

B.Theyachievecontrastthroughhatchingandcross-hatching.

C.TheywerefirstusedinEurope.

D.Theyallowmultiplecopiestobeproducedfromoneoriginal.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章開篇指出版畫的制作技法主要有木刻和雕刻兩種方式；接著在第二、三段分別介紹木刻、雕刻的起源、發(fā)展、制作過程；最后一段總說兩種方式的特點(diǎn)。所以，C項(xiàng)Twotypesofprintmaking（兩種版畫制作）正確。

2.第一段指出：Printmakingisthegenerictermforanumberofprocesses,ofwhichwoodcutandengravingaretwoprimeexamples（木刻和雕刻是版畫制作的兩種主要方式）。prime在這里指“主要的”，A項(xiàng)principal“主要的”正確。

3.文章第二段主要講述了木刻的制作過程。C項(xiàng)“制作木刻的過程”準(zhǔn)確地概述了該段主旨。

4.第三段指出：Engraving,whichgrewoutofthegoldsmith’sart，originatedinGermanyandnorthernItalyinthemiddleofthefifteenthcentury（雕刻由金匠藝術(shù)中發(fā)展而來，發(fā)源于15世紀(jì)中期的德國和意大利北部地區(qū)）,所以A、C項(xiàng)正確；Theimageisincisedintoahighlypolishedmetalplate...（圖案刻入到光滑的金屬板內(nèi)），所以D項(xiàng)正確。而B項(xiàng)在原文中沒有體現(xiàn)，所以選擇B項(xiàng)。

5.題干問的是木刻和雕刻的共同點(diǎn)。最后一段指出：Bothmethodscanyieldseveralhundredgood-

qualityprintsbeforetheoriginalblockorplatebeginstoshowsignsofwear（在原始的木塊或金屬板

用壞之前，可以生產(chǎn)數(shù)百張復(fù)制品）。D項(xiàng)符合原文意思，因此正確。

21.單選題

Whenherealizedhehadbeen（）tosignthecontractbyintrigue,hethreatenedtostartlegalproceedingstocanceltheagreement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.elicited

B.excited

C.deduced

D.induced

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)他意識(shí)到自己上當(dāng)欺騙，被

簽約時(shí)，他威脅說要通過法律程序終止協(xié)議。

elicit引出，探出；excite為……感到興奮；deduce推論，演繹；induce引誘，誘導(dǎo)。A項(xiàng)elicited雖然語義上符合句意，但是elicited形容主語時(shí)一般為主動(dòng)形式，這里是被動(dòng)，所以排除。

22.單選題

Theirviewthatwomenarethenatural（）ofmoralityisnotmyview.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.guardians

B.guards

C.guides

D.soldiers

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：他們認(rèn)為，女人是道德的天然，但我不認(rèn)同。guardians守護(hù)者、保護(hù)人；guards守衛(wèi)、后衛(wèi)、護(hù)衛(wèi)隊(duì)、禁衛(wèi)軍；guides引導(dǎo)、向?qū)?；soldiers軍人。故選A。

23.單選題

Hisideasareinvariablycondemnedas（）byhiscolleagues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imaginative

B.ingenious

C.impractical

D.theoretical

【答案】C

【解析】句意：他的想法總是被同事們認(rèn)為（）。condemn意為“譴責(zé)，反對(duì)”，表明其后的形容詞應(yīng)為貶義詞。A選項(xiàng)imaginative想象的，虛構(gòu)的；B選項(xiàng)ingenious聰明的，精巧的；C選項(xiàng)impractical不切實(shí)際的，不實(shí)用的；D選項(xiàng)theoretical理論上的。C選項(xiàng)impractical符合句意和邏輯。

24.單選題

Mrs.Greenreceivedan（）letterthreateningtoexposeherprivatelifeifsherefusedtopay$10,000.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anonymous

B.apparent

C.arbitrary

D.artificial

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：格林太太收到了一封匿名信，威脅說如果她拒絕支付10000美元，就要揭露她的私生活。因此選A。

25.單選題

Earlylastyearthecompanyresearchedthepossibilityof（）anewlate-night

show.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.launching

B.longing

C.leading

D.landing

【答案】A

【解析】句意：去年年初，這個(gè)公司研究了（）新的深夜秀的可能性。A選項(xiàng)launching發(fā)動(dòng)；開展（活動(dòng)、計(jì)劃等）；B選項(xiàng)longing渴望；C選項(xiàng)leading領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；D選項(xiàng)landing登岸；

降臨。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

26.單選題

Thisrestaurantisfrequently（）bytouristsbecauseofitsfamouscooking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.patronized

B.serviced

C.attended

D.utilized

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：旅客經(jīng)常

這家餐館，因?yàn)檫@里的烹飪很有名。patronized光顧；serviced為……服務(wù)；attended參加，出席；utilized利用。故選A。

27.單選題

Englishisanimportantforeignlanguagetomasterbecauseitprovidesready（）toworldscholarshipandworldtrade.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.excess

B.approach

C.solution

D.access

【答案】D

【解析】句意：英語是一門非常重要的需要掌握的外語，因?yàn)樗峭ㄏ蛑R(shí)世界和商業(yè)世界的（）。

A選項(xiàng)excess超過；B選項(xiàng)approach接近；C選項(xiàng)solution解決；D選項(xiàng)access入口，進(jìn)入。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

28.單選題

Vacationpoliciescontinuetobeasourceof（）betweenmanagementandtheworkers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.disturbance

B.resistance

C.contraction

D.friction

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析。句意：休閑度假政策仍然是管理層和工人之間（）的根源。

disturbance干擾，騷亂；resistance阻力，電阻，抵抗；contraction收縮，緊縮；friction

摩擦。D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

29.單選題

Theytossedyourthoughtsbackandforthforoveranhour,butstillcouldnotmake（）ofthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impression

B.comprehension

C.meaning

D.sense

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。句意：他們反復(fù)考慮了你的觀點(diǎn)長達(dá)一個(gè)多小時(shí)，但是仍然不能（）它們。impression印象；comprehension理解；meaning意思；sense感覺；觀念；道理；理智。makesenseof為固定搭配，意為“理解”。

30.單選題

Inrecentyears,teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today,excellentanthologies（文選）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividualAsianAmeri-cansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttode-cidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents；non-expertswhoteachinrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludeinsurveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.

Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.Suchworkswouldena-blestudentstakingAsianAmericanstudiescourses（andprofessorsinrelatedfields）tolookupbasicinformationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithouthavingtowadethrough（費(fèi)力地閱讀冗長或艱深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial.Inaddition,given

suchworks,AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreetoincludemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductoryreadinglists,sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoac-quireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.The“dilemma”(Line2，Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhenfacedwitha（）

3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopediasare（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?

5.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmeri-canscouldresult