2022年考研考博-考博英語-廈門大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號31

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-廈門大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Womenoncedemandedmenwith______socialskills,butthey'renowfocusingon"hisvalues,ifhe’sinterestedinfamily".

問題1選項

A.impeditive

B.colossal

C.blemish

D.impeccable

【答案】D

【解析】impeditive阻礙的,妨礙的;colossal巨大的,龐大的;blemish污點,缺點,瑕疵；impeccable沒有缺點的，無瑕疵的。句意：女性曾經(jīng)要求男性具備無可挑剔的社交能力，但現(xiàn)在她們關(guān)注的是“他的價值觀，他是否熱愛家庭”。選項D符合句意。

2.單選題

Businessisimprovingbutmuchmorehardworkandcommonsensewillbe_______beforeanysubstantialprofitscanberealized.

問題1選項

A.putupwith

B.calledfor

C.takenup

D.gonethrough

【答案】B

【解析】putupwith容忍;calledfor需要,要求;takenup拿起,占據(jù),開始從事;gonethrough經(jīng)歷。句意：生意正在好轉(zhuǎn),但要想獲得可觀的利潤,還需要做更多的工作和了解更多的常識。選項B符合句意。

3.單選題

Hewantstostarthisownbusiness,but_______handlingpayroll,governmentcompliance,andbenefitschores.

問題1選項

A.loathe

B.remark

C.uphold

D.systematize

【答案】A

【解析】loathe討厭，厭惡;remark評論,談及;uphold支持,贊成;systematize系統(tǒng)化。句意：他想自己創(chuàng)業(yè)，但又討厭處理工資、應(yīng)對政府法規(guī)和處理收益上的瑣事。選項A符合句意。

4.單選題

Butlikemany,TurnerisgrowingalittletiredasFlorida'sbusyhurricaneseasoncontinuesto_______nervesandextendhardships.

問題1選項

A.sprain

B.fray

C.distort

D.scuffle

【答案】B

【解析】sprain扭傷；fray（使關(guān)系、神經(jīng)等）緊張；distort扭曲，曲解；scuffle混戰(zhàn)。句意：和許多人一樣，特納也越來越累了，因為佛羅里達(dá)多颶風(fēng)的季節(jié)不斷地使人們神經(jīng)緊張，造成更多的苦難。選項B符合句意。

5.單選題

It'seasyto_______usbecausewe'resupposedlyabunchofdumbcountrybumpkinsandrednecks.

問題1選項

A.pickover

B.pickoff

C.pickon

D.pickout

【答案】C

【解析】pickover仔細(xì)檢查或挑選；pickoff摘掉，拔去；pickon選中，批評，欺負(fù)；pickout挑選出。句意：我們很容易受欺負(fù)，因為我們被認(rèn)為是一群愚蠢的土包子和鄉(xiāng)巴佬。選項C符合句意。

6.單選題

AntiwarchampionRep.JohnMurthawantstoattachconditionsontheimpendingsupplemental_______billtofundthewar.

問題1選項

A.approbations

B.approximations

C.apprehensions

D.appropriations

【答案】D

【解析】approbation官方批準(zhǔn),認(rèn)可;approximation接近,近似值;apprehension理解,恐懼,逮捕；appropriation挪用,撥款。句意：反戰(zhàn)派共和黨員JohnMurtha希望對即將通過的為戰(zhàn)爭提供資金的追加撥款法案附加條件。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

Whichsporthasthemostexpenses_______trainingequipment,players'personalequipmentanduniforms?

問題1選項

A.inplaceof

B.bywayof

C.intermsof

D.bymeansof

【答案】C

【解析】inplaceof代替;bywayof經(jīng)由;intermsof依據(jù),按照,在……方面;bymeansof通過,依靠。句意：哪項運動在訓(xùn)練器材、運動員個人裝備和隊服等方面的開銷最大?選項C符合句意。

8.案例題

Thinkaboutwhatwouldmakeyoureally,reallyhappy.Moremoney?Wrong.Smiling,well-adjustedkids?Wrongagain.Thefactisweareterribleatpredictingthesourceofjoy.Andwhateverchoiceswedomake,welikelylaterdecideitwasallforthebest.

Theseareinsightsfromhappinesseconomics,perhapsthehottestfieldinwhatusedtobecalledthedismalscience.Happinessiseverywhere—onthebest-sellerlists,inthemindsofpolicymakers,andfrontandcenterforeconomists—yetitremainselusive.Thegoldenruleofeconomicshasalwaysbeenthatwell-beingisasimplefunctionofincome.That'swhynationsandpeoplealikestriveforhigherincomes-moneygivesuschoiceandameasureoffreedom.Afteracertainincomecap,wesimplydon'tgetanyhappier.Anditisn'twhatwehave,butwhetherwehavemorethanourneighbor,thatreallymatters.Sothenewslastweekthatin2006tophedge-fundmanagerstookhome$240million,minimum,probablydidn'tmakethemanyhappier,itjustmadetherestofuslessso.

Nowpolicymakersareracingtofigureoutwhatmakespeoplehappy,andjusthowtheyshoulddeliverit.CountriesasdiverseasBhutan,Australia,China,ThailandandtheU.K.arecomingupwith,"happinessindexer,"tobeusedalongsideGDPasaguidetosociety'sprogress.InBritain,the"politicsofhappiness"willlikelyfigureprominentlyinnextyear'selections.Nevermindthattheworld'stophappinessresearchersrecentlygatheredataconferenceinRometodebatewhetherjoyisevenmeasurable.

Whyisthisallhappeningnow?Onlyinthelastdecadehaveeconomists,psychologists,biologistsandphilosophersbeguncross-pollinatinginsuch-awaytoarriveat"happinessstudies."HarvardpsychologistDanielGilberthumorouslysumsupmuchofthenewwisdominhisbook"StumblingonHappiness."Hesays24-hourtelevisionandtheInternethaveallowedusalltoseemoreseeminglyhappypeoplethaneverbefore."We'resurroundedbythelifestylesoftherichandfamous,"saysGilbert,"rubbingournosesinthefactthatothershavemore."

Ofcourse,theideathatmoneyisn'ttherealkeytohappinessisn'tnew.The18th-centuryBritishEnlightenmentthinkerJeremyBenthamarguedthatpublicpolicyshouldtrytomaximizehappiness,andmanyprominenteconomistsagreedbutcouldnotquiteembracetheidea.Therewasjustnowaytomeasurehappinessobjectively.

Oneoftheearlyrevelationsofhappinessresearch,fromRichardEasterlinattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,wasthatwhilethericharetypicallyhappierthanthepoor,thehappinessboostfromextracashisn'tthatgreatonceonerisesabovethepovertyline.Thereason,saysEasterlin,isthe"hedoniccycle":wegetusedtobeingricherdarnquick,andtakeitforgrantedorcompareittowhatothershave,notwhatweusedtohave.Turnsout,keepingupwiththeJonesesishard-wiredintoourbrains,thankstoourpack-creatureroots.

Thoughmanyhappinessresearcherssay"workless,playmore"istheformulaforhappiness,RuutVeenhoven,aprofessoratErasmusUniversityinRotterdam,suggestsotherwise.Hard-workingAmericansranks17thonhislist;thehard-vacationingFrench39th.HumanbeingsdowantaEuropean-stylesafetynet,butalsowantfreedomandopportunity.

Andperhapsourintuitionsabouthappinessshouldtriumphoverthefuzzydata,anyway.Theeconomicsofhappinesshasgivenusacoupleoffairlyhardandfastrulesaboutwell-beingbeingtrulypoorisbad,andtimewithfriendsandfamilyaregood.Thegoodnewsisthatwhateverchoiceswemakeindividuallyandassocietiesinthepursuitofhappinessthere'sgoodchancethatthey'llseembetterinhindsight.Yetanothertruismofhappinessisthat"weallwearrose-coloredglasseswhenitcomestoourpastdecision-making."saysGilbert.Today'sdreadfullifechoicewilllikelybetomorrow'shappyaccident.

Thepassagebelowsummarizesthemainpointsofthepassage.Readthesummaryandthenselectthebestwordorphrasefromtheboxblowaccordingtothepassage.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Wearepooratprevisionoftheoriginofhappiness,andwewouldprobablybelievethedecisionwemadeisthemostsatisfactory.TheHappinesshasbecome(1)everywherebuttoughtodefine.Nationsandpeoplemanagetogainhigherincomesbasedontheprincipleofeconomicsthat(2)arerelatedtohappiness,butthatisnot(3).Wealthaloneisn'tnecessarilywhatmakesushappy.Itmakesdifferentifwepossessmorethan(4),andthat'swhywefeelunhappytofindthosetop(5)havesuperlativeincome.Somenationsarebeginningtoconsiderissueslikemeasuringsociety'sprogressby(6)aswellasGDP,andresearchersevenheldseminartoexchangesurveysaboutthe(7),thoughtheinfluentialtopicwasadvanced10yearsago.Theissuethatastatepolicyshouldbe(8)thehappinessofthemajority,eruptedmanydecadesagobyBritishEnlightenmentthinkerJeremyBenthamandacceptedbymanyeminenteconomists,couldnotfairly(9),becausehappinesscannotbeobjectivelymeasured.The(10)ofthehappinessmadebyRichardEasterlinisthatthewealthmakespeoplehappier,buttheirhappinesswillnot(11)asgreatasitshouldbeiftheyliveabovethe(12).Theycaneasilytakethelifeforgrantedand(13)themoreexpansivewayoflife.Theyare(14)tocomparethelifewithothersandmanagetokeepupwiththeJoneses.RuutVeenhoven,aprofessoratErasmusUniversityinRotterdam,doesnotsupportthe(15)"workless,playmore".Accordingtohisinvestigationofhappinesslist,peoplewantaEuropean-style(16)andwanttoenjoyfreedomandopportunityaswell.Weshouldprobablygobeyondtheconfusinginformationand(17)thefairlyprinciplesofthehappiness:povertyis(18),stavingwithfriendsandfamilyis(19),andthedecisionsmade(20)arebychancetobehappyexperience.

A.happinessindexes

B.putintoeffect

C.preliminaryinterpretation

D.formulaforhappiness

E.terrible

F.earnings

G.safetyscheme

H.measurementofhappiness

I.adaptto

J.Mr.Joneses

K.optimize

L.povertyline

M.thecase

N.acquaintwith

O.innate

P.inthepast

Q.joyful

R.agitatingtopics

S.escalate

T.hedge-fundmanagers

【答案】1.R

2.F

3.M

4.J

5.T

6.A

7.H

8.I

9.B

10.C

11.S

12.L

13.N

14.O

15.D

16.G

17.K

18.E

19.Q

20.P

【解析】1.根據(jù)第二段的第二句"Happinessiseverywhere—onthebest-sellerlists,inthemindsofpolicymakers,andfrontandcenterforeconomists—yetitremainselusive."可知,幸福是個有爭議的話題。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"agitatingtopics"。

2.根據(jù)第二段的三四句"Thegoldenruleofeconomicshasalwaysbeenthatwell-beingisasimplefunctionofincome."經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的黃金法則一直是：幸福是收入的簡單函數(shù)。也就是說人們將收入和幸福聯(lián)系起來。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"earnings"。

3.thatisnotthecase為固定搭配，意為"事實并非如此"。文中第二段有提到"Afteracertainincomecap,wesimplydon'tgetanyhappier."收人增加不一定會使我們幸福。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"thecase"。

4.根據(jù)第二段的"butwhetherwehavemorethanourneighbor,thatreallymatters."重要的是我們是否比鄰居擁有的更多。以及倒數(shù)第三段的最后一句"Turnsout,keepingupwiththeJonesesishard-wiredintoourbrains,thankstoourpack-creatureroots."由此可以推斷，這里的neighbor和Mr.Joneses相對應(yīng)。

5.根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"Sothenewslastweek...madetherestofuslessso."2006年頂級對沖基金經(jīng)理至少賺了2.4億美元，這可能并沒有讓他們更快樂，只是讓我們其他人不那么快樂。所以使我們不快樂的是髙收入的對沖基金經(jīng)理。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"hedge-fundmanagers"。

6.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"GDP"定位到第三段第二句“...,“happinessindexer,”tobeusedalongsideGDPasaguidetosociety'sprogress.”不丹、澳大利亞、中國、泰國和英國等多個國家都提出了“幸福指數(shù)”將與GDP一起作為社會進(jìn)步的指南。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"happinessindexes"。

7.根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Nevermindthattheworld'stophappinessresearchersrecentlygatheredataconferenceinRometodebatewhetherjoyisevenmeasurable.”最近，世界頂尖的幸福研究人員在羅馬召開了一次會議，討論快樂是否可以衡量。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"measurementofhappiness"。

8.根據(jù)第五段的第二句“The18th-centuryBritishEnlightenmentthinkerJeremyBenthamarguedthatpublicpolicyshouldtrytomaximizehappiness,...”18世紀(jì)的英國啟蒙思想家JeremyBentham認(rèn)為，國家政策應(yīng)該將幸福最大化。"adaptto"指適應(yīng)于...。

9.根據(jù)第五段的第二句“...andmanyprominenteconomistsagreedbutcouldnotquiteembracetheidea.”許多著名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家同意這一觀點,但并不完全贊同。也就是說不能完全實施執(zhí)行。"putintoeffect"意為執(zhí)行。

10.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“RichardEasterlin”定位到第六段第一句“Oneoftheearlyrevelationsofhappinessresearch,fromRichardEasterlinattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,...”由此可知RichardEasterlin曾對幸福做過早期的研究。所以,空格處應(yīng)填"preliminaryinterpretation"。

11.根據(jù)第六段第一句“...whilethericharetypicallyhappierthanthepoor,thehappinessboostfromextracashisn'tthatgreatonceonerisesabovethepovertyline.”雖然富人通常比窮人更幸福，但獲得額外的金錢并不會像擺脫貧困線那樣更能增加幸福。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"escalate"。

12.根據(jù)第六段第一句“...thehappinessboostfromextracashisn'tthatgreatonceonerisesabovethepovertyline.”可知，空格處應(yīng)填入"povertyline"。

13.根據(jù)第六段的倒數(shù)第二句“wegetusedtobeingricherdarnquick,andtakeitforgrantedorcompareittowhatothershave,notwhatweusedtohave.”我們很快就習(xí)慣了變得更富有，并且認(rèn)為這是理所當(dāng)然的，或者把它與別人所擁有的相比，而不是與我們曾經(jīng)擁有的相比。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"acquaintwith"。

14.根據(jù)第六段的最后一句“Turnsout,keepingupwiththeJonesesishard-wiredintoourbrains,...”事實證明，與他人攀比是我們大腦的固有模式。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"innate"。

15.定位到第七段第一句“"workless,playmore"istheformulaforhappiness.”"少工作,多娛樂"是幸福的公式。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"formulaforhappiness"。

16.根據(jù)第七段最后一句“HumanbeingsdowantaEuropean-stylesafetynet,...”人類確實需要一個歐洲式的安全網(wǎng)...。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"safetyscheme"。

17.根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“perhapsourintuitionsabouthappinessshouldtriumphoverthefuzzydata,anyway.”也許我們對幸福的直覺應(yīng)該超過那些模糊的數(shù)據(jù)。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"optimize"。

18.根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Theeconomicsofhappinesshasgivenusacoupleoffairlyhardandfastrulesaboutwell-beingbeingtrulypoorisbad,...”由此可知，貧窮是不好的，是可怕的。所以應(yīng)填"terrible"。

19.根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“...andtimewithfriendsandfamilyaregood.”與家人和朋友在一起是令人愉快的。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"joyful"。

20.根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“...weallwearrose-coloredglasseswhenitcomestoourpastdecision-making...”談到我們過去的決策，我們都是樂觀的。所以，空格處應(yīng)填"inthepast"。

9.單選題

Thefactthattheearth'ssurfaceheats_______providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.

問題1選項

A.infrequently

B.irregularly

C.unsteadily

D.unevenly

【答案】D

【解析】infrequently很少發(fā)生地,稀少地;irregularly不規(guī)則地,無規(guī)律地;unsteadily不穩(wěn)定地,搖擺地;unevenly不均衡地,不平坦地,不平行地。句意：地球表面受熱不均這一事實提供了一種便捷的方法來劃分它的溫度區(qū)域。選項D符合句意。

10.單選題

Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen'sliteracy,educationremainsadreamforfarmanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.

問題1選項

A.confession

B.identification

C.acknowledgement

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】confession懺悔,供認(rèn)；identification鑒定,識別；acknowledgement承認(rèn),認(rèn)知；compliment恭維,稱贊。句意：盡管幾乎普遍承認(rèn)婦女識字的至關(guān)重要性,但對世界上許多國家的許多婦女來說,教育仍然是一個夢想。選項C符合句意。

11.單選題

Hello,mynameisRichardandIamanegosurfer.Thehabitbeganaboutfiveyearsago,andnowIneedhelp.Likemostjournalists,Ican'tdenythatoneofmyprivatejoysisseeingmybylineinprint.Nowtheinternetisallowingmetofeedthisvanitytoanevergreaterextent,andtheoccasionalsneakywebsearchhasgrownintoafull-blownobsessionwithhowhighupGoogle'srankingmyarticlesappearwhenIputmynameintothesearchbox.WhenIlastlooked,mybesteffortwasaratherhumiliating47thplace.Youknowyouhaveaproblemwhenyoufindyourselfcompetingforrankingwitharetiredbasketballplayerfromthe1970s.

NotthatI'maloneinsufferingfromadysfunctionaltechno-habit.Newtechnologieshaverevealedawholeraftofhithertounsuspectedpersonalityproblems:thinkcrackberry,powerpointlessnessorcheesepodding.Mostofusarefamiliarwithsendinganemailtoacolleaguesittingacoupleoffeetawayinsteadoftalkingtothem.Somegoontothewebtosnooponoldfriends,colleaguesorevenfirstdates.MoreofusthaneverrevealhighlypersonalinformationonblogsorMySpaceentries.Afewwillevenuseinternetanonymitytofoolothersintobelievingtheyaresomeoneelsealtogether.Soarethesewebsyndromesandtechnologicalticsnewversionsofoldafflictions,orarewedevelopingfreshmindbugs?

Developingabadhabitiseasierthanmanymightthink."Youcanbecomeaddictedtopotentiallyanythingyoudo,"saysMarkGriffiths,anaddictionresearcheratNottinghamTrentUniversityintheUK,"becauseaddictionsrelyonconstantrewards."Indeed,althoughdefinitionsofaddictionvary,thereisabodyofevidencethatsuggestsdrugaddictionsandnon-drughabitssharethesameneuralpathways.Whileonlyahardcorefewcanbeconsideredtruetechnologyaddicts,anentirelyunscientificsurveyoftheweb,andofNewScientiststaff,hasrevealedhowprevalenttechno-addictionsmayhavebecome.

Thewebinparticularhasopenedupahostofopportunitiesforoverindulgence.TakeWikipedia,Updatingtheentries—somethinganyonecando—hasbecomealmostawayoflifeforsome.Therearemorethan2400"Wikipedians",whohaveeditedmorethan4000pageseach."It'sclearlylikecrackforsomepeople,"saysDanCloselyatCornellUniversityinNewYork,whohasstudiedhowwebsitessuchasWikipediafosteracommunity.TocommittedWikipedians,hesays,thesiteismorethanausefulinformationresource;it'stheembodimentofanideologyoffreeinformationforall.

ThentherearephotologsiteslikeFlickr.Whilemostofuswouldratherdiethanbecaughtsurreptitiouslybrowsingthroughsomeoneelse'sphotos,thereneedbenosuchqualmsabouttheprivatepicspeopleputuponthesesites.MostpeopleusingFlickrandsimilarsitesspenttimeeachdaybrowsingalbumsownedbypeopletheyhadnevermet.Theydothisforemotionalkicks.KhalidandDixsuggest:flickingthroughsomeoneelse'sweddingphotos,forexample,allowspeopletodaydreamabouttheirownnuptials.

Emailisanotherareawherethingscangetoutofhand.Whileemailhasledtoarevivalofthehabitofpenningshortnotestofriendsandacquaintances,theeasewith,whichwecandothismeansthatwedon'talwaysthinkhardenoughaboutwhereourcasualcommentscouldendup.ThiswastheundoingofUSbroadcasterKeithOlbermann,whoearlierthisyearsentaprivateemailinwhichhedescribedafellowMSNBCreporteras"dumberthanasuitcaseofrocks".UnfortunatelyforOlbermann,thewordsfoundtheirwayintotheNewYorkDailyNews.

PamBriggs,aspecialistinhuman-computerinteractionattheUniversityofNorthumbria,UK,saysthelackofcuessuchasfacialexpressionsorbodylanguagewhencommunicatingelectronicallycanleadustoovercompensateinwhatwesay."Themediumissothin,there'slittleroomforprojectingourselvesintoit,"saysBriggs."Whenallthesocialcuesdisappear,wefeelwehavetoputsomethingelseintothevoid,whichisoftenanoveremotionalorover-intimatemessage."

ThehabitofforwardingjokeyemailsorYouTubevideos―thinkDietCokeandMentosfountains—canalsosayalotabouthowpeoplewanttobeperceived,Briggsadds."Werarelywanttobeseenastooserious,sowetrytoprojectmoreofourpersonalityintoemail."Thiscouldalsoexplainwhymanybloggersexposeprivateinformationthattheywouldnevershoutouttoacrowdedroom.

1.Richardfeltdisgracedwhenhefound（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingsareconsideredasoneofthewebsyndromes,EXCEPT（）

.

3.WhichofthefollowingistruetoWikipedia?

4.BrowsingFlickrandsimilarsitesshowsthat（）

.

5.Whatdoestheparagraphmainlytalkedabout?

問題1選項

A.hisarticlewasratedlow

B.hegotadysfunctionaltechno-habit

C.hecomparedhimselfwitharetiredbasketballplayer

D.hebecamemoreegocentric

問題2選項

A.pryintotheprivateaffairsofothers

B.exposinghighlypersonalaffairsonthenet

C.surfingforinformationofcolleagues

D.talkingtonearbycolleaguesbyemail

問題3選項

A.Morethan4000pagesareofferedforedition.

B.Morethan2400Wikipediansworkfortheedition.

C.Everyonecandotherevisiononthewebpage.

D.Theentriescontributetopeople'sdevelopment.

問題4選項

A.peopledonotcarebecaughtwhilebrowsingthroughother'spics

B.peopleworryaboutuploadingthosepersonalalbums

C.peoplecanmakebetterarrangementoftheirownwedding

D.peopleflickthroughother'sphototostimulatetheirownemotion

問題5選項

A.Thewebinparticularhasopenedupahostofopportunitiesforoverindulgence.

B.Drugaddictionsandnon-drughabitssharethesameneuralpathways.

C.Peoplecanbecomeaddictedtopotentiallyanythingyoudo.

D.Newtechnologieshaverevealedsomeunsuspectedpersonalityproblems.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“WhenIlastlooked,mybesteffortwasaratherhumiliating47thplace.”當(dāng)我最后一次看的時候,我寫的最好的一篇文章竟然排在相當(dāng)丟人的第47名。所以選項A正確。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“websyndromes”定位到第二段,網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合癥包括給坐在不遠(yuǎn)處的同事發(fā)郵件而不是直接和他們交談；在網(wǎng)上窺探老朋友,同事甚至初次約會對象的隱私；在博客或個人空間里展現(xiàn)完全屬于個人隱私的信息；還有人利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)匿名來欺騙他人。選項A,B,D均有提及,只有選項C不屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合癥。

3.根據(jù)第四段的第三句“Therearemorethan2400"Wikipedians",whohaveeditedmorethan4000pageseach.”有2400多個“維基百科人”,每人編輯了4000多頁的網(wǎng)頁。選項B符合原文。

4.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Flickr”定位到第五段“MostpeopleusingFlickrandsimilarsitesspenttimeeachdaybrowsingalbumsownedbypeopletheyhadnevermet.Theydothisforemotionalkicks.”大多數(shù)使用Flickr和類似網(wǎng)站的人每天都花時間瀏覽素未謀面的人的相冊。他們這樣做是受到情感的剌激。也就是為了激發(fā)自己的情感,所以選項D符合原文。

5.文章第二段的一二句為本文的中心句。本文主要是闡述新科技對個人產(chǎn)生的一些影響,揭示了一些未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的人的個性方面存在的問題。所以本題選D。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

12.單選題

Shakenbytwodecadesofvirtualanarchy,themajorityofpeoplewerereadytobuy_______atanyprice.

問題1選項

A.order

B.emancipation

C.hope

D.liberty

【答案】A

【解析】order命令,秩序;emancipation解放,釋放;hope希望,信心;liberty自由,許可。句意：二十年的無政府狀態(tài)動搖了大多數(shù)人,他們準(zhǔn)備好不惜任何代價來換取秩序。選項A符合句意。

13.單選題

ItisinterestingtoreflectforamomentuponthedifferencesintheareasofmoralfeelingandstandardsinthepeoplesofJapanandtheUnitedStates.TheAmericansdividetheseareassomewhatrigidlyintospiritandflesh,thetwobeinginoppositioninthelifeofahumanbeing.Ideally,spiritshouldprevailbutalltoooftenitisthefleshthatdoesprevail.TheJapanesemakenosuchdivision,atleastbetweenoneasgoodandtheotherasevil.Theybelievethatapersonhastwosouls,eachnecessary.Oneisthe"gentle"soul,theotheristhe"rough"soul.Sometimesthepersonuseshisgentlesoul,sometimeshemustusehisroughsoul.Hedoesnotfavorhisgentlesoul,neitherdoeshefighthisroughsoul.Humannatureinitselfisgood,Japanesephilosophersinsist,andahumanbeingdoesnotneedtofightanypartofhimself.Hehasonlytolearnhowtouseeachsoulproperlyattheappropriatetimes.VirtuefortheJapaneseconsistsinfulfillingone'sobligationstoothers.Happyendings,eitherinlifeorinfiction,areneithernecessarynorexpected,sincethefulfillmentofdutyprovidesthesatisfyingend,whateverthetragedyitinflicts.Anddutyincludesaperson'sobligationstothosewhohaveconferredbenefitsuponhimandtohimselfasanindividualofhonor.Hedevelopsthroughthisdoublesenseofdutyaself-disciplinewhichisatoncepermissiveandrigid,dependingupontheareainwhichitisfunctioning.

Theprocessofacquiringthisself-disciplinebeginsinchildhood.Indeed,onemaysayitbeginsatbirth—howearlytheJapanesechildisgivenhisownidentity!IfIweretodefineinawordtheattitudeoftheJapanesetowardtheirchildrenIwouldputitinonesuccinctword.Love?Yes,abundanceoflove,warmlyexpressedfrom.themomentheisputtohismother'sbreast.Foramotherthisnursingofherchildisimportantpsychologically.

Rewardsarefrequent,abitofcandybestowedattherightmoment,aninexpensivetoy.Astimecomestoenterschool,however,disciplinebecomesfirmer.Tobringshametothefamilyisthegreatestshameforthechild.

WhatisthesecretoftheJapaneseteachingofself-discipline?Itlies,Ithink,inthefactthattheaimofallteachingistheestablishmentofhabit.Rulesarerepeatedoverandover,andcontinuallypracticeduntilobediencebecomesinstinctive.Thisrepetitionisenhancedbytheexpectationoftheelders.Theyexpectachildtoobeyandtolearnthroughobedience.Thedemandisgentleatfirstandtemperedtothechild'stenderage.Itisnolessgentleastimegoeson,butcertainlyitisincreasinglyinexorable.

Now,farawayfromthatwarmJapanesehome,IreflectuponwhatIlearnedthere.What,Iwonder,willtaketheplaceofthewebofloveanddisciplinewhichforsomanycenturieshassurroundedthelifeandthinkingofthepeopleofJapan?

1.AccordingtoJapanesebeliefachildisborn（）.

2.ThetrainingoftheJapanesechildcanbestbedescribedas（）.

3.Intheteachingofself-disciplinetheJapaneseemphasize（）.

4.TheJapaneseideaofvirtueis（）.

5.TotheJapanese,theaimofexistenceis（）.

問題1選項

A.basicallygood

B.amoral,neithergoodnorevil

C.withtwosoulswhichareincombatwithoneanother

D.insin

問題2選項

A.asystemofrewardsandpunishments

B.frequentdiscipliningwhichbecomesmoreinexorablysevereasthechildgrowsolder

C.benevolentandindulgentduringtheearlyyears,butsomewhatmoresevereasthechildgrowsolder

D.almostentirelypsychological

問題3選項

A.dutytoone'sfamilyandrelations

B.earlytoilettrainingcombinedwithrestrictivemovement

C.heavyexternalcontrolincludingbothverbalandphysicalpunishment

D.apermissiveatmospherealmostuntilpuberty

問題4選項

A.sublimatingthe"rough"soultopermitascendancyofthe"gentle"soul

B.fulfillingone'sobligationstoothers

C.doinggoodandavoidingevil

D.beingfriendlyandcourteoustoallpeople

問題5選項

A.thepursuitofhappiness

B.rewardintheafterlife

C.ahappyendingtoone'sactivities

D.fulfillingone'sduty

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段“Humannatureinitselfisgood,Japanesephilosophersinsist,andahumanbeingdoesnotneedtofightanypartofhimself.Hehasonlytolearnhowtouseeachsoulproperlyattheappropriatetimes.”日本哲學(xué)家堅持認(rèn)為,人性本身是好的,一個人不需要與自己的任何一部分作斗爭。他只需要學(xué)習(xí)如何在適當(dāng)?shù)臅r候恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂妹恳粋€靈魂。所以選項A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句“Thedemandisgentleatfirstandtemperedtothechild'stenderage.Itisnolessgentleastimegoeson,butcertainlyitisincreasinglyinexorable.”這種要求一開始是溫和的,根據(jù)孩子們幼小的年齡而進(jìn)行調(diào)整,隨著時間的推移這種要求就不那么溫和了,可以肯定的說是越來越無情了。選項C符合原文。

3.本題與上一題意思相近,這種要求一開始是溫和的,根據(jù)孩子們幼小的年齡而進(jìn)行調(diào)整,隨著時間的推移這種要求就不那么溫和了,可以肯定的說是越來越無情了。選項D符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第一段中提到的“VirtuefortheJapaneseconsistsinfulfillingone'sobligationstoothers.”可知選項B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)第一段的后半部分的內(nèi)容可知,對于日本人來說,存在的目的就是履行職責(zé)。所以選項D正確。

14.單選題

Weagreethatacentralpurposeofdramahasalwaysbeentoprovideameansforasocietyto_______uponitselfanditsbeliefs.

問題1選項

A.manifest

B.reflect

C.invent

D.respect

【答案】B

【解析】manifest證明,顯示;reflect反映;invent發(fā)明,創(chuàng)作;respect尊重。句意：我們一致認(rèn)為,戲劇的中心思想一直是為社會提供一種反映自身及其信仰的手段。選項B符合句意。

15.單選題

There'sonegirlatmyschoolwhoeverybody_______becauseshedoesn'twearwhateverybodyelsewears;theyarehorribletoher.

問題1選項

A.picksout

B.picksover

C.pickson

D.picksoff

【答案】C

【解析】pickout挑選；pickover仔細(xì)檢查……以便選出優(yōu)品（或剔除劣品）；pickon作弄，挑剔；pickoff摘掉。句意：我們學(xué)校有一個女孩，每個人都欺負(fù)她，因為她穿的和大家不一樣；大家都討厭她。選項C符合句意。

16.單選題

Althoughthegovernmentstillenjoysahighlevelofpublicsupport,thecrimeproblemhasstirredpolit?ical_______andsuspicions.

問題1選項

A.substance

B.antagonisms

C.dimension

D.possession

【答案】B

【解析】substance物質(zhì),實質(zhì);antagonism對抗,敵意;dimension尺寸;possession擁有。句意：雖然政府仍然享有很高的公眾支持,但犯罪問題已經(jīng)引發(fā)了對抗對立和猜疑。選項B符合句意。

17.單選題

LibbyliedtoinvestigatorsabouthisroleindisclosingtheidentityofaCIAofficerinorderto_______theWhiteHousefrompoliticalembarrassment.

問題1選項

A.aviate

B.recover

C.berate

D.insulate

【答案】D

【解析】aviate飛行；recover重新獲得，恢復(fù)；berate嚴(yán)責(zé)，申斥；insulate使絕緣，隔離。句意：在揭露一名中情局官員的身份時，利比向調(diào)查人員隱瞞了自己的任務(wù)，目的是讓白宮不會陷人政治困境。選項D符合句意。

18.單選題

Themoretimescientistsspenddesigningcomputersthemoretheymarvelatthehumanbrain.Tasksthatbaffle（難?。﹖hemostadvancedsupercomputer—recognizingaface,readingahandwrittennote一arechild'splayforthe3-poundorgan.Mostimportant,unlikeanyconventionalcomputer,thebraincanlearnfromitsmistakes.Researchershavetriedforyearstoprogramcomputerstoimitatethebrain'sabilities,butwithoutsuccess.Nowagrowingnumberofdesignersbelievetheyhavetheanswer:ifacomputeristofunctionmorelikeapersonandlesslikeanover-growncalculatoritmustbebuiltmorelikeabrain,whichdistributesinformationacrossavastinterconnectedwebofnervecells,o