2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-電子科技大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）試卷號(hào)33

住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-電子科技大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thejobofastudentaccommodationofficer（）agreatmanyvisitstolandladies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concerns

B.offers

C.asks

D.involves

【答案】D

【解析】句意:學(xué)生宿管的工作包含多次拜訪女房東。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。concern涉及，關(guān)系到，使擔(dān)心；offer提供，出價(jià)；ask詢問(wèn)，要求；involve包含，牽涉，使陷于。前面句意“學(xué)生宿管的工作”跟后面句意“多次拜訪女房東”是包含關(guān)系。故選D。

2.單選題

Inthecaseofmobilephones,changeiseverything.Recentresearchindicatesthatthemobilephoneischangingnotonlyourculture,butourverybodiesaswell.

First,let’stalkaboutculture.Thedifferencebetweenthemobilephoneanditsparent,thefixed-linephoneisthatamobilenumbercorrespondstoaperson,whilealandlinegoestoaplace.Ifyoucallmymobile,yougetme.Ifyoucallmyfixed-linephone,yougetwhoeveranswersit.

Thishasseveralimplications.Themostcommonone,however,andperhapsthethingthathaschangedourcultureforever,isthe"meeting"influence.Peoplenolongerneedtomakefirmplansaboutwhenandwheretomeet.Twentyyearsago,aFridaynightwouldneedtobearrangedinadvance.Youneededenoughtimetoalloweveryonetogetfromtheirplaceofworktothefirstmeetingplace.Now,however,anightoutcanbearrangedontherun.Itisnolonger"seeyouthereat8",but"textmearound8andwe'llseewhereweallare".

Textingchangespeopleaswell.Intheirpaper,"InsightsintotheSocialandPsychologicalEffectsofSMSTextMessaging",twoBritishresearchersdistinguishedbetweentwotypesofmobilephoneusers:the"talkers"andthe"texters"—thosewhoprefervoicetotextmessageandthosewhoprefertexttovoice.Theyfoundthatthemobilephone'sindividualityandprivacygavetexterstheabilitytoexpressawholenewouterpersonality.Texterswerelikelytoreportthattheirfamilywouldbesurprisediftheyweretoreadtheirtexts.Thissuggeststhattextingallowedtexterstopresentaself-imagethatdifferedfromtheonefamiliartothosewhoknewthemwell.

Anotherscientistwroteofthechangesthatmobileshavebroughttobodylanguage.Therearetwokindsthatpeopleusewhilespeakingonthephone.Thereisthe"speakeasy":theheadisheldhighinaself-confidentway,chattingaway.Andthereisthe"spacemaker":thesepeoplefocusonthemselvesandkeepoutotherpeople.

Whocanblamethem?Phonemeetingsgetcancelledorreformedandcameraphonesintrudeonpeople'sprivacy.So,itisunderstandableifyourmobilemakesyounervous.Butperhapsyouneedn'tworrysomuch.Afterall,itisgoodtotalk.

1.Whenpeopleplantomeetnowadays,they（）.

2.AccordingtothetwoBritishresearchers,thesocialandpsychologicaleffectsaremostlylikelytobeseenon（）.

3..Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthetextssentbytextersare（）.

4..Accordingtothepassage,whoisafraidofbeingheardwhiletalkingonthemobile?

5..Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe（）

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.arrangethemeetingplacebeforehand

B.postponefixingtheplacetilllastminute

C.seldomcareaboutwhenandwheretomeet

D.stilllovetoworkoutdetailedmeetingplans

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.talkers

B.the"speakeasy"

C.the"spacemaker"

D.texters

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.quiterevealing

B.wellwritten

C.unacceptablebyothers

D.shockingtoothers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Talkers

B.The“speakeasy”

C.The“spacemaker”

D.Texters

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheSMSEffect

B.CulturalImplicationofMobileUse

C.ChangeintheUseoftheMobile

D.BodyLanguageandtheMobilePhone!

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Itisnolonger"seeyouthereat8"，but"textmearound8andwe'llseewhereweallare(不再是‘在8點(diǎn)在那里見你’，而是‘在8點(diǎn)左右給我發(fā)短信，然后再看我們都在哪里’),因此選B“推遲到最后一分鐘才確定（見面）地點(diǎn)”。

2.判斷推理題。第四段指出:Theyfoundthatthemobilephone's

individualityandprivacygavetexterstheabilitytoexpressawholenewouterpersonality(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)移動(dòng)手機(jī)的個(gè)性化和隱私，讓喜歡發(fā)短信的人有能力去表達(dá)自己全新的外向性格),因此D項(xiàng)“喜歡發(fā)短信的人”正確。

3.判斷推理題。第四段指出:Theyfoundthatthemobilephone's

individualityandprivacygavetexterstheabilitytoexpressawholenewouterpersonality(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)移動(dòng)手機(jī)的個(gè)性化和隱私，讓喜歡發(fā)短信的人有能力去表達(dá)自己全新的外向性格),因此選A“揭露隱情的”。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:“Andthereisthe"spacemaker":thesepeoplefocusonthemselvesandkeepoutotherpeople(但是，喜歡在私底下講電話的人卻專注于自己本身且遠(yuǎn)離其它人),故選C“喜歡在私底下講電話的人”。

5.主旨大意題。文章的中心話題是:移動(dòng)手機(jī)影響我們的文化和肢體語(yǔ)言。因此B項(xiàng)“移動(dòng)手機(jī)使用帶來(lái)的文化影響”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

3.單選題

Shehasalways（）herneighborsforthepasttwentyyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beenfedupwith

B.beenongoodtermswith

C.gottenaroundto

D.gonealongwith

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在最近二十年里，她一直與自己的鄰居保持著良好的關(guān)系。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“forthepasttwentyyears.在最近的二十年里”與“hasalways—直”可知此處表示延續(xù)狀態(tài),所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(hasbeen),故排除C，D。befedupwith表示“厭煩”,不是持續(xù)狀態(tài)。Beongoodtermswith同某人關(guān)系好,是持續(xù)狀態(tài)。故選B。

4.單選題

Birdsthatareliterallyhalfasleep—withonebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping—controlwhichsideofthebrainremainsawake,accordingtoanewstudyofsleepingducks.Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds.Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.Theeyecontrolledbythesleepinghemispherekeepsshut,whilethewakefulhemisphere’seyestaysopenandalert.Birdsalsocansleepwithbothhemispheresrestingatonce.

Decadesofstudiesofbirdflocksledresearcherstopredictextraalertnessinthemorevulnerable,end-of-the-rowsleepers.Sureenough,intheendbirdstendedtowatchcarefullyonthesideawayfromtheircompanions.Ducksintheinnerspotsshowednopreferenceforgazedirection.

Also,birdsdozing（打盹）attheendofthelineresortedtosingle-hemispheresleep,ratherthantotalrelaxation,moreoftenthaninnerducksdid.Rotating16birdsthroughthepositionsinafour-duckrow,theresearchersfoundouterbirdshalf-asleepduringsome32percentofdozinglimeversusabout12percentforbirdsininternalspots.

‘‘Webelievethisisthefirstevidenceforananimalbehaviorallycontrollingsleepandwakefulnesssimultaneouslyindifferentregionsofthebrain,”theresearcherssay.

Theresultsprovidethebestevidenceforalong-standingsuppositionthatsingle-hemispheresleepevolvedascreaturesscannedforenemies.Thepreferenceforopeninganeyeonthelookoutsidecouldbewidespread,hepredicts.He’sseenitinapairofbirdsdozingside-by-sideinthezooandinasinglepetbirdsleepingbymirror.Theniirroi-sideeyeclosedasifthereflectionwereacompanionandtheothereyestayedopen.

Usefulashalf-sleepingmightbe,ifsonlybeenfoundinbirdsandsuchwatermammals（哺乳動(dòng)物）asdolphins,whales,andseals.Perhapskeepingonesideofthebrainawakeallowsasleepinganimaltosurfaceoccasionallytoavoiddrowning.

Studiesofbirdsmayofferuniqueinsightsintosleep.JeromeM.SiegeloftheUCLAsayshewondersifbird’shalf-brainsleepis“justthetipoftheiceberg（冰山）Hespeculatesthatmoreexamplesmayturnupwhenwetakeacloserlookatotherspecies.

1.Anewstudyonbirds’sleephasrevealedthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,birdsoftenhalfsleepbecause（）.

3.Theexampleofabirdsleepinginfrontofamirrorindicatesthat（）.

4.Whilesleeping,somewatermammalstendtokeephalfawakeinorderto（）.

5.By“justthetipoftheiceberg”(Line2,lastPara),Siegelsuggeststhat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.birdscancontroltheirhalf-brainsleepconsciously

B.birdsseldomsleepwiththewholeoftheirbrainatrest

C.half-brainsleepisfoundinawidevarietyofbirds

D.half-brainsleepischaracterizedbyslowbrainwaves

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavetoconstantlykeepaneyeontheircompanions

B.thetwohalvesoftheirbrainaredifferentlystructured

C.theyhavetowatchoutforpossibleattacks

D.theirbrainhemispherestaketurnstorest

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.birdsprefertosleepinpairsforthesakeofsecurity

B.thephenomenonofbirdsdozinginpairsiswidespread

C.asinglepetbirdenjoysseeingitsownreflectioninthemirror

D.evenanimaginedcompaniongivesthebirdasenseofsecurity

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.avoidbeingsweptawaybyrapidcurrents

B.emergefromwaternowandthentobreathe

C.alertthemselvestotheapproachingenemy

D.besensitivetotheever-changingenvironment

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.half-brainsleepisaphenomenonthatcouldexistamongotherspecies

B.mostbirdslivingincoldregionstendtobehalfsleepers

C.themysteryofhalf-brainsleepisclosetobeingsolved

D.half-brainsleephassomethingtodowithicyweather

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:鳥類能有意識(shí)地控制其半腦睡眠,第一段指出:Birdsthatareliterallyhalfasleep—witlionebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping—controlwhichsideofthebrainremainsawake,accordingtoanewstudyofsleepingducks(一項(xiàng)對(duì)睡著的鴨子的最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，實(shí)際上半睡眠狀態(tài)的鳥類（即一個(gè)大腦半球保持警惕，另一個(gè)大腦半球保持睡眠）能控制大腦的哪一邊保持醒著),因此A正確。B:鳥類很少在其整個(gè)大腦休息的情況下睡覺,文章并未提及。C:半腦睡眠在很多鳥類中被發(fā)現(xiàn),第一段指出:Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds(更早期的研究記錄了很多鳥類有半睡眠情況),但題干問(wèn)的是:一項(xiàng)關(guān)于鳥類睡眠的新研究表明…,因此不選C項(xiàng)。D:以緩慢的腦電波為特點(diǎn)的半腦睡眠,由第—段中“Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.大腦半球輪流陷入以緩慢的腦電波為特點(diǎn)的睡眠狀態(tài)”指D項(xiàng)不正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第五段指出:Theresultsprovidethebestevidenceforalong-standingsuppositionthatsingle-hemispheresleepevolvedascreaturesscannedforenemies(這些結(jié)果為單獨(dú)的腦半球睡眠隨著生物觀察敵人而演化這一長(zhǎng)期存在的猜測(cè)，提供了最佳的證據(jù)),因此C項(xiàng)“它們不得不戒備可能的襲擊”正確。

3.判斷推理題。第五段指出:Thepreferenceforopeninganeyeonthelookoutsidecouldbewidespread,hepredicts(他預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)在警戒一邊張開眼睛的偏好可能廣泛存在),Themirror-sideeyeclosedasifthereflectionwereacompanionandtheothereyestayedopen(鏡子一邊的眼睛閉著，好似映像是一個(gè)同伴，而另外的一只眼睛卻保持張開),由此可知D“甚至一個(gè)想象的同伴都能給鳥一種安全感”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第二端指出:Perhapskeepingonesideofthebrainawakeallowsasleepinganimaltosurfaceoccasionallytoavoiddrowning(或許保持大腦—邊醒著可讓一個(gè)睡著的動(dòng)物偶爾浮出水面來(lái)避免被淹死)。故選B:不時(shí)地從水中上浮來(lái)呼吸。

5.判斷推理題。由題干定位至最后一段第二行:Hespeculatesthatmoreexamplesmayturnupwhenwetakeacloserlookatotherspecies(推測(cè)，當(dāng)我們更近距離地觀察其它物種吋，更多例子（即文中提及的半睡眠的例子）可能出現(xiàn)),因此選A:半腦睡眠是一個(gè)可能存在于其它物種間的現(xiàn)象。

5.單選題

MyniecehasbeentoSumatraandIranaswellasallofEurope;bythetimesheistwenty,she（）almosteverywhere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.willbe

B.wouldhavebeen

C.willhavebeen

D.wouldbe

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我侄女曾經(jīng)去過(guò)蘇門答臘島、伊朗及全歐洲，等到她二十歲吋，她將幾乎去過(guò)所有地方。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾閷?lái)完成時(shí)。分析句意可知空格處應(yīng)使用將來(lái)完成時(shí):shall/willhave+過(guò)去分詞,故選C。

6.單選題

We’dbetter（）ourwatchesifweallwanttobethereatthesametime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.harmonize

B.synchronize

C.symbolize

D.systematize

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果我們都想在同樣的吋間到達(dá)那里，那么我們最好讓我們手表的時(shí)間一致。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。harmonize使和諧，以和聲唱；synchronize（使）同步，在吋間上一致，同速進(jìn)行；symbolize象征，用符號(hào)表現(xiàn)；systematize使系統(tǒng)化，使組織化。故選B。

7.單選題

Thetwocountrieshave（）friendlyrelationsformanyyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retained

B.sustained

C.maintained

D.remained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這兩個(gè)國(guó)家多年來(lái)保持著友好關(guān)系。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。Retain持有,保留;sustain維持(生命、生存),使穩(wěn)定持續(xù),遭受;maintain維持,保持,維修;remain仍然是,保持不變,剩余,遺留,續(xù)存在。因此C符合句意。

8.單選題

）

theafternoon.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.regained

B.recovered

C.restored

D.revived

【答案】A

【解析】句意:股票交易市場(chǎng)上的股票在早上大幅下跌，但在下午卻小幅上漲。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。regain恢復(fù),收回（不及物動(dòng)詞）上漲；recover恢復(fù),彌補(bǔ),重新獲得；restore恢復(fù),還原;revive復(fù)興,蘇醒,恢復(fù)精祌。根據(jù)前面句意以及表轉(zhuǎn)折的but可知A符合句意。

9.單選題

Shedecidedto（）herstudiesafterobtainingherfirstdegree.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.recognize

B.pursue

C.accomplish

D.ensure

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在取得她的第一個(gè)學(xué)位后,她決定繼續(xù)她的學(xué)業(yè)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。recognize識(shí)別,承認(rèn);pursue繼續(xù),從事,追趕;accomplish完成,實(shí)現(xiàn),達(dá)到;ensure保證,確保,使安全。因此B符合句意。

10.單選題

Wearedealingwithtwodifferentperspectivesthat（）,intersect,butdon’tseemtoyieldasynthesis.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.overrun

B.overlap

C.overwork

D.overuse

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們正在處理有部分重疊、交叉卻似乎不能生成綜合體的兩種不同的透視圖。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Overrun泛濫，橫行，肆虐，多用(時(shí)間、錢財(cái)?shù)?，超時(shí);overlap部分重疊，部分地同時(shí)發(fā)生;overwork工作過(guò)度;overuse使用……過(guò)度（或過(guò)久）。由題干中關(guān)鍵信息"intersect交叉”可知“部分重疊”符合。

11.單選題

Inthispoorcountry,survivalisstilltheleadingindustry;allelseis（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.luxury

B.accommodation

C.entertainment

D.refreshment

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在這個(gè)貧窮的國(guó)家，生存仍然是主要的事情，所有其它都是奢侈。

考查名詞辨析。luxury奢侈，奢侈品，不常有的樂(lè)趣(或享受、優(yōu)勢(shì))；accommodation住處，膳宿，和解；entertainment娛樂(lè)，款待，refreshment點(diǎn)心，起提神作用的東西，精力恢復(fù)。根據(jù)前面句意“生存仍然是主要的事情”可知A符合句意。

12.單選題

Manyyearsago,IwasinterviewingforaCIO(ChiefInformationOfficer)positionatBrownUniversity.HowardSwearer,thepresidentofBrownatthattime,askedme:“Whatisthegreatest（1）thatyouwouldbringtotheposition?”Ianswered:“Iammultilingual.”He（2）atmeforamoment,asifIhadlostmymindentirely.Iwentonto（3）thatIwascapableofeffectively（4）withfaculty,withstudents,withvendors,withtrustees,andwithotheradministrators.TheCIOneedstobeabletointeracteffectivelyandberespectedbyavarietyofaudiences.

Effectivenessofinteractionis（5）onwhetherornotanindividualcanunderstandthe（6）andproblemsbeingfacedbyaparticularuser.Thisistrueontheacademicsideofthehouse,whereoneneedstounderstandthetechnologyrequirementsandproblemsofaparticlephysicist,aclassicist,oraneconomist.Therearedifferent（7）fordatafiles,transmissionspeeds,andmanyotherITissuesthatdirectlyaffectthescholarshipofthesevaryingdisciplines.Theabilityto（8）someofthesescholarlyrequirementsis（9）tobeingviewedasapartnerintheacademicenterpriseratherthanjustassomebureaucratwhohas（10）fortheITenvironmentoncampus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trength

B.news

C.possibility

D.change

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.nterviewed

B.stared

C.wondered

D.angered

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.nswer

B.explain

C.indicate

D.demonstrate

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.alking

B.speaking

C.cooperating

D.communicating

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.epended

B.based

C.resulted

D.taken

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.hocks

B.worries

C.questions

D.concerns

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.eeds

B.issues

C.elements

D.concerns

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.now

B.findout

C.lookfor

D.understand

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.pecial

B.inevitable

C.essential

D.required

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.oncerns

B.worries

C.responsibility

D.confidence

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:C

第10題:C

【解析】1.名詞辨析。strength力量,優(yōu)勢(shì);news新聞,消息;possibility可能性,可能發(fā)生的事物;change變化,找回的零錢。根據(jù)下文中的回答"Iammultilingual(我能使用多種語(yǔ)言)”可知A符合句意。

2.固定搭配。此處句意為:他盯了我一會(huì)兒,似乎我已完全神志不清。Stareat凝視,盯住。

3.動(dòng)詞辨析。此處句意為:我繼續(xù)解釋…。answer回答;explain說(shuō)明,解釋;indicate表明,指出,預(yù)示;demonstrate證明,展示。故選B。

4.動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。此處句意為:首席信息官需要能與各種受眾進(jìn)行有效的交流且被后者尊敬。talk談話;speak說(shuō)話,演講;cooperate合作,配合;communicate通訊,相通,交流。故選D。

5.固定搭配。此處句意為:互動(dòng)的有效性建立在此基礎(chǔ)上:一個(gè)人能否懂得特定使用者面臨的……和問(wèn)題。bebasedon建立在…基礎(chǔ)上。

6.名詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。shock休克,震驚,震動(dòng);worry擔(dān)心,煩惱;question問(wèn)題,疑問(wèn),詢問(wèn);concern關(guān)系,關(guān)心,擔(dān)心,憂慮。And連接空格和problems(問(wèn)題),因此推測(cè)D項(xiàng)符合句意。

7.名詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。need需求,要求;issue問(wèn)題,發(fā)布;element元素,成分;concern關(guān)系,關(guān)心?？崭袂熬湟鉃?這在學(xué)院的學(xué)術(shù)方面是真實(shí)的,在這里一個(gè)人需要其懂得粒子物理學(xué)家、古典主義者或經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的技術(shù)需求和問(wèn)題。由此可知A項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.邏輯分析。know知道,認(rèn)識(shí),懂得;findout査明,發(fā)現(xiàn);lookfor尋找,understand理解,懂得。前面句子指出:needstounderstandthetechnologyrequirementsandproblemsofaparticlephysicist,aclassicist,oraneconomist(需要懂得粒子物理學(xué)家、古典主義者或經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的技術(shù)需求和問(wèn)題),因此此處表示:理解這些學(xué)術(shù)需要的能力,因此D項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.短語(yǔ)辨析。由空格后“viewedasapartnerintheacademicenterprise被認(rèn)為是學(xué)術(shù)事業(yè)上的合作者”的對(duì)應(yīng)知這里指代“必不可少的能力”,beessentialtobeing是必不可少的,故選C。其他搭配為:bespecialto是…所特有的;beinevitableto是不可避免的;berequiredto被要求。

10.名詞辨析。句意:理解這些學(xué)術(shù)要求的能力對(duì)于被視為學(xué)術(shù)企業(yè)的合作伙伴來(lái)說(shuō)是非常重要的,而不僅僅是一些對(duì)校園IT環(huán)境負(fù)責(zé)的官僚。因此C項(xiàng)“責(zé)任,職責(zé),義務(wù)”正確。

13.單選題

Studycanhelpuslookintothefutureand（）confusedthinking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notify

B.simplify

C.clarify

D.justify

【答案】C

【解析】句意:學(xué)習(xí)能幫助我們展望未來(lái),可以澄清混亂的思想。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Notify通知,公布;simplify使簡(jiǎn)化,使簡(jiǎn)易;clarify使更清晰易懂,闡明,澄清;justify證明…正確(或正當(dāng)、有理),對(duì)…作出解釋。故C符合句意。

14.單選題

Weshouldmaintainourcultural（），whichrepresentsthedeepmemoryofournation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.agency

B.tendency

C.legacy

D.fancy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我們應(yīng)該維護(hù)好代表我們民族最深刻記憶的文化遺產(chǎn)。

考查名詞辨析。Agency服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu),(尤指)代理機(jī)構(gòu);tendency偏好,性情,趨勢(shì);legacy遺產(chǎn),遺贈(zèng)財(cái)物,遺留;fancy想象的事物,想象(力)。故C符合句意。

15.單選題

Wemust（）thattheprocedureisfollowedasrigidlyaspossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.secure

B.ensure

C.assure

D.issue

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們必須確保這個(gè)程序盡可能被嚴(yán)格遵循。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。secure保護(hù)，弄到；ensure保證，確保，使安全；assure保證，擔(dān)保，使確信（側(cè)重指消除某人思想上的懷疑或擔(dān)心）；issue發(fā)布。因此B符合句意。

16.單選題

ArecenthistoryoftheChicagomeat-packingindustryanditsworkersexamineshowtheindustrygrewfromitsappearanceinthe1830sthroughtheearly1890s.Meat-packers,theauthorargues,hadgoodwages,workingconditions,andprospectsforadvancementwithinthepacking-houses,anddidnotcooperatewithlaboragitatorssincelaborrelationsweresoharmonious.Becausethehistorymaintainsthatconditionswereabovestandardfortheera,thefrequencyoflabordisputes,especiallyinthemid-1880s,isnotaccountedfor.Theworkignoresthefactthatthe1880swerecrucialyearsinAmericanlaborhistory,andthatthepacking-houseworkers’effortswerepartofthenationalmovementforlaborreform.

Infact,otherhistoricalsourcesforthelate-nineteenthcenturyrecorddeterioratinghousingandhighdiseaseandinfantmortalityratesintheindustrialcommunity,duetolowwagesandunhealthyworkingconditions.AdditionaldatafromtheUniversityofChicagosuggestthatthepacking-housesweredangerousplacestowork.ThegovernmentinvestigationcommissionedbyPresidentTheodoreRooseveltwhicheventuallyledtotheadoptionofthe1906MeatInspectionActfoundthepacking-housesunsanitary,whilesocialworkersobservedthatmostoftheworkerswerepoorlypaidandoverworked.

Thehistorymaybetoooptimisticbecausemostofitsdatafromthe1880sandtheinformationprovidedfromthatdecadeareinsufficientlyanalyzed.Conditionsactuallydeclinedinthe1880sandcontinuedtodeclineafterthe1880s,duetoareorganizationofthepackingprocessandamassiveinfluxofunskilledworkers.Thedeteriorationinworkerstatus,partlyaresultofthenewavailabilityofunskilledandhencecheaplabor,isnotdiscussed.Thoughadetailedaccountofworkinthepacking-housesisattempted,theauthorfailstodistinguishbetweenthewagesandconditionsforskilledworkersandforthoseunskilledlaborerswhocomprisedthemajorityoftheindustry’sworkersfromthe1880son.Whileconditionsfortheformerwerearguablytolerableduetothestrategicimportanceofskilledworkersinthecomplicatedslaughtering,cutting,andpackingprocess(thoughworkercomplaintsabouttherateandconditionsofworkwerefrequent),payandconditionsforthelatterwerewretched.Theauthor’smisinterpretationoftheoriginsofthefeelingsthemeat-packershadfortheirindustrialneighborhoodmayaccountforthehistory’sfaultygeneralizations.

Theprideandcontentmenttheauthorremarksuponwere,arguably,lesstheproductsoftheindustrialworldofthepackers——thegiantyardsandtheintricateplants----thanoftheunityandvibrancy(活躍)oftheethnicculturesthatformedaviablecommunityonChicago’sSouthSide.Indeed,thestrengthofthiscommunitysucceededingeneratingasocialmovementthateffectivelyconfrontedtheproblemsoftheindustrythatprovideditslivelihood.

1.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithdiscussing（）.

2.Theauthorofthepassagementionsallofthefollowingasdescribingnegativeconditionsinthemeat-packingindustryEXCEPT（）.

3.Theauthorofthepassagementionsthe“socialmovement”(inthelastparagraph)generatedbyChicago’sSouthSidecommunityprimarilyinorderto（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,theworkingconditionsofskilledworkersinthemeat-packingindustryduringthe1880swereinfluencedby（）.

5.Theauthorofthepassageusesthesecondparagraphto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.howhistoriansoughttoexplaintheoriginsoftheconditionsintheChicagomeat-packingindustry

B.whyitisdifficulttodeterminetheactualnatureoftheconditionsintheChicagomeat-packingindustry

C.whyaparticularaccountoftheconditionsintheChicagomeat-packingindustryisinaccurate

D.whatoughttobeincludedinanyaccountoftheChicagomeat-packers’roleinthenationallabormovement

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.datafromtheUniversityofChicago

B.socialworkers

C.arecenthistoryofthemeat-packingindustry

D.historicalsourcesforthelatenineteenthcentury

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.informthereaderofeventsthatoccurredinthemeat-packingindustryaftertheperiodoftimecoveredbythehistory

B.introduceanewissuedesignedtoelaborateonthegoodrelationshipbetweenthemeat-packersandChicago’sethniccommunities

C.salvagethehistory’spointofviewbysuggestingthattherewerepositivedevelopmentsinthemeat-packingindustryduetoworkerunity

D.suggestthehistory’slimitationsbypointingoutasituationthatthehistoryfailedtoexplainadequately

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theworkers’determinedcomplaintsabouttherateandconditionsoftheirwork

B.theeffortsofsocialworkerstoimprovesanitationinthepacking-houses

C.theworkers’abilitytoperformtheindustry’scomplextasks

D.improvementsintheindustry’spackingprocessthatoccurredinthe1880s

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.summarizethemainpointofthehistorydiscussedinthepassage

B.explainwhythehistorydiscussedinthepassagehasbeendisparagedbycritics

C.evaluatethefindingsofrecentstudiesthatunderminethepremisesofthehistorydiscussedinthepassage

D.presentevidencethatisintendedtorefutetheargumentofthehistorydiscussedinthepassage

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。第一段指出:Theworkignoresthefactthatthe1880swerecrucialyearsinAmericanlaborhistory,andthatthepacking-houseworkers’effortswerepartofthenationalmovementforlaborreform(這個(gè)作品忽視了十九世紀(jì)八十年代是美國(guó)勞工歷史上重要時(shí)期的事實(shí)和肉類加工工人的努力是美國(guó)全國(guó)性勞工改革運(yùn)動(dòng)的一部分)以及第三段指出:Theauthor’smisinterpretationoftheoriginsofthefeelingsthemeat-packershadfortheirindustrialneighborhoodmayaccountforthehistory’sfaultygeneralizations(作者對(duì)肉類加工商對(duì)其工業(yè)區(qū)的感受的起源的誤解，可能是歷史錯(cuò)誤概括的原因)。因此該文章主要討論“為何有關(guān)芝加哥肉類加工業(yè)情況的敘述是錯(cuò)誤的”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干問(wèn):本文作者提到以下所有描述肉類包裝行業(yè)負(fù)面狀況的內(nèi)容，除了…。A:來(lái)自芝加哥大學(xué)的資料,第二段指出:AdditionaldatafromtheUniversityofChicagosuggestthatthepacking-housesweredangerousplacestowork(來(lái)自芝加哥大學(xué)的附加資料表明肉類加工廠的工作環(huán)境是危險(xiǎn)的),因此A符合原文所述。B:社會(huì)工作者,由第二段中“whilesocialworkersobservedthatmostoftheworkerswerepoorlypaidandoverworked(與此同吋，社會(huì)工作者發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)工人收入非常差且工作過(guò)度)”可知B正確。C:肉類加工業(yè)的近代史,第一段指出:Meat-packers,theauthorargues,hadgoodwages,workingconditions,andprospectsforadvancementwithinthepacking-houses,anddidnotcooperatewithlaboragitatorssincelaborrelationsweresoharmonious(作者（即近代史的作者）辯稱，肉類加工工人的工資待遇、工資條件和發(fā)展前景都不錯(cuò)，且肉類加工工人沒有與勞工糾紛鼓動(dòng)者合作的原因是該行業(yè)的勞工關(guān)系非常和睦),因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D:第二段指出:Infact,otherhistoricalsourcesforthelate-nineteenthcenturyrecorddeterioratinghousingandhighdiseaseandinfantmortalityratesintheindustrialcommunity,duetolowwagesandunhealthyworkingconditions(事實(shí)上，其它針對(duì)十九世紀(jì)晚期的歷史資料記錄了由于低工資和不健康的工作環(huán)境導(dǎo)致的工業(yè)區(qū)內(nèi)住房的不斷惡化、高患病率和嬰兒死率),由此可知D正確。因此本題選C。

3.判斷推理題。第一段指出:Theworkignoresthefactthatthe1880swerecrucialyearsinAmericanlaborhistory,andthatthepacking-houseworkers5effortswerepartofthenationalmovementforlaborreform(這個(gè)作品忽視了十九世紀(jì)八十年代是美國(guó)勞工歷史上重要吋期的這個(gè)事實(shí)和肉類加工工人的努力是美國(guó)全國(guó)性勞工改革運(yùn)動(dòng)的一部分),故選D“通過(guò)指出這段歷史記錄未能適當(dāng)?shù)亟忉尩囊环N情況表現(xiàn)這段歷史記錄的局限性”。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第三段指出:Whileconditionsfortheformerwerearguablytolerableduetothestrategicimportanceofskilledworkersinthecomplicatedslaughtering,cutting,andpackingprocess（thoughworkercomplaintsabouttherateandconditionsofworkwerefrequent）,payandconditionsforthelatterwerewretched(雖然前者（即有技能的肉類加工工人）的狀況因其在復(fù)雜的屠宰、切割和包裝步驟中的關(guān)鍵重要性可能是可容忍的（盡管工人經(jīng)常抱怨工作的速度和條件），但是后者的（即沒有技能的肉類加工工人）的收入和狀況卻是無(wú)法容忍的),因此C項(xiàng)“這些工人去履行這個(gè)行業(yè)復(fù)雜工作的能力”正確。

5.判斷推理題。第一段首先指出近代史的作者辯稱，肉類加工工人的工資待遇、工資條件和發(fā)展前景都不錯(cuò)，且肉類加工工人沒有與勞工糾紛鼓動(dòng)者合作的原因是該行業(yè)的勞工關(guān)系非常和睦。第二段說(shuō):Infact,otherhistoricalsourcesforthelate-nineteenthcenturyrecorddeterioratinghousingandhighdiseaseandinfantmortalityratesintheindustrialcommunity,duetolowwagesandunhealthyworkingconditions.AdditionaldatafromtheUniversityofChicagosuggestthatthepacking-housesweredangerousplacestowork(事實(shí)上，其它針對(duì)十九世紀(jì)晚期的歷史資料記錄了由于低工資和不健康的工作環(huán)境導(dǎo)致的工業(yè)區(qū)內(nèi)住房的不斷惡化、高患病率和嬰兒死亡率。來(lái)自芝加哥大學(xué)的附加資料暗示肉類加工廠的工作環(huán)境是危險(xiǎn)的),由此看出第二段是對(duì)第一段內(nèi)容的反駁。故選D“提出證據(jù)來(lái)反駁文中討論的這段歷史記錄的論據(jù)”。

17.單選題

Theincident（）pressinterest.Reportersfromseveralnewspaperscametointerviewhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.purchased

B.produced

C.provoked

D.processed

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這個(gè)事件引起了新聞界的興趣。數(shù)家報(bào)社的記者前來(lái)采訪他。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。Purchase購(gòu)買,贏得;produce生產(chǎn);制造;生長(zhǎng);provoke激怒,煽動(dòng),引起;process加工,處理;審閱,審核。故C符合句意。

18.單選題

Themenwerefullof（）becausetheythoughttheirfriendshadbeenunjustlypunished.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.diagnosis

B.indigestion

C.indignation

D.aggression

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這些人非常憤怒，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為他們的朋友受到了不公正的懲罰。

考查名詞辨析。diagnosis診斷，結(jié)論；indigestion消化不良，難理解；indignation憤怒，憤慨;aggression侵略。故C符合句意。

19.單選題

Theeconomicrecessionhasmeantthatjob（）isararething.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.security

B.safety

C.protectionfor

D.secureness

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退己經(jīng)意味著工作保障是罕見的事情。

考查名詞辨析。security安全，保障；safety安全，保險(xiǎn);protection保護(hù)，防衛(wèi);secureness安全，（船）停泊，固定。因此A符合句意。

20.單選題

Thetoneofthearticle（）thewriter'smoodatthetime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reproduced

B.reflected

C.imagined

D.imitated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這篇文章的語(yǔ)氣反映了這位作者當(dāng)時(shí)的情緒。、

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。reproduce復(fù)制，再生，生殖；reflect反映，反射；imagine想像，猜想，臆斷；imitate模仿，仿造?？崭裉巹?dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)為thewriter'smood(作者的情緒),因此B符合句意。

21.單選題

Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe（）impossibletocomprehend.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasfound

B.wasfinding

C.hadfound

D.wouldfind

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這位學(xué)生稱自己已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)這篇文章中的幾個(gè)論點(diǎn)無(wú)法理解。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。題干謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)“said”,而空格處所發(fā)生的的動(dòng)作在said之前,即過(guò)去的過(guò)去。因此此處應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。因此C正確。

22.單選題

Thedevicecan（）differentmeasurementsbyelectronicsmeans.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.imitate

B.copy

C.mock

D.fake

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這個(gè)設(shè)備能通過(guò)電子手段來(lái)模擬不同的尺寸。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Imitate模仿,仿效,模仿(某人的講話、舉止);copy復(fù)制,抄襲;mock愚弄,嘲弄;fake捏造,假裝…的樣子。故A符合句意。

23.單選題

Afterhavingdiscussedthematterwiththebankmanger,Peter（）receivedhisIoan.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.instantly

B.instinctively

C.causally

D.inexpertly

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在與銀行經(jīng)理討論這件事后，Peter即刻就得到了貸款。

考查副詞辨析。instantly立刻，立即，馬上；instinctively本能地；causally隨便地，偶然地，臨吋地；inexpertly外行地，不熟練地。因此A符合句意。

24.單選題

ItoldmyfriendGrahamthatIoftencyclethetwomilesfrommyhousetothetowncentreblitunfortunatelythereisabighillontheroute.Hereplied,“Youmeanfortunately.”HeexplainedthatIshouldbegladoftheextraexercisethatthehillprovided.

Myattitudetothehillhasnowchanged.Iusedto(1)asIapproacheditbutnowItellmyselfthefollowing.Thishillwillexercisemyheartandlungs.Itwillhelpmetolose(2)andgetfit.ItwillmeanthatIlivelonger.Thishillismyfriend.FinallyasIwindmywayuptheincline,I(3)myselfwiththethoughtofallthosesillypeoplewhopaymoneytogotoagymandsitonstationeryexercisebicycleswhenIcangetthesamevaluefor(4).IhaveasmileofsatisfactionasIreachthetopofthehill.

Problems(5)befacedandovercome.Wecannotachieveanythingwithaneasylife.HelenKellerwasthefirstdeafandblindpersontogainauniversitydegree.Heractivismandwritingprovedinspirational.Shewrote,“(6)cannotbedevelopedineaseandquiet.Onlythroughexperience