2018北京中考英語解析

2018北京中考英語解析2018北京中考英語解析2018北京中考英語解析V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考2018北京中考英語解析日期：20xx年X月2018年北京市高級(jí)中等學(xué)校招生考試英語試卷姓名：__________準(zhǔn)考證號(hào):________________考場(chǎng)號(hào):______座位號(hào):_____考生須知1.本試卷共10頁，共五道大題，39道小題，滿分60分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘。2.在試卷和草稿紙上準(zhǔn)確填寫姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)和座位號(hào)。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上。在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡鉛字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束，請(qǐng)將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共14分）(2018·北京中考）一、單項(xiàng)填空（共6分，每小題0.5分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2018·北京中考）MybrotherandIlikefootball._______playittogetheronceaweek.I B.They C.We D.YouC【解析】考查人稱代詞辨析?？仗幋窶ybrotherandI兩人，所以用人稱代詞we。故選C。(2018·北京中考）Happybirthday,Peter!Here’sagift______you.for B.in C.with D.fromA【解析】考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)句意判斷：Peter，生日快樂！這是送你的一份禮物。表示“為了；給”用介詞for。故選A。(2018·北京中考）—______doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?

—Bybike.When B.How C.Where D.WhyB【解析】考查疑問副詞辨析。答語表示方式，提問用副詞How。故選B。(2018·北京中考）Manypeoplelikepandas______theyarecute.though B.if C.while D.becauseD【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：很多人喜歡熊貓，因?yàn)樗鼈兛蓯?。表示原因用連詞because。故選D。(2018·北京中考）I______gonow,orI’llmissmytrain.can B.might C.must D.CouldC【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。can能；可以；might可能；must必須；一定；could會(huì)；可能；可以。根據(jù)句意判斷：我現(xiàn)在必須走了，否則我會(huì)趕不上火車了。故選C。(2018·北京中考）Tonyis______ofthethreeboys,butheisthetallest.young B.younger C.youngest D.theyoungestD【解析】考查形容詞比較等級(jí)辨析。根據(jù)ofthethreeboys判斷，三者以上比較用最高級(jí)；最高級(jí)形式前用定冠詞the。故選D。(2018·北京中考）Billlikesreading.He______picturebookswithhisdadeveryevening.read B.reads C.isreading D.hasreadB【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)everyevening判斷句中使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語He是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故選B。(2018·北京中考）—Paul,whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?

—I______amovieinthecinemawithmyfriends.waswatching B.watch C.havewatchedD.willwatchA【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)問句中的時(shí)間“atninelastnight”判斷句中動(dòng)作表示過去時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的事情，用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選A。(2018·北京中考）(2018·北京中考）Davidisatennisplayer.He______toplaytenniswhenhewassixyearsold.begins B.willbegin C.began D.hasbegunC【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語從句whenhewassixyearsold判斷主句時(shí)態(tài)使用過去時(shí)。故選C。(2018·北京中考）—Lucy,isyouruncleateacher?

—Yes,heis.He______historyfornearly20years.teaches B.hastaught C.isteaching D.willteachB【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語fornearly20years判斷句中使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選B。(2018·北京中考）Anewinternationalairport______inthecitynextpletes B.iscompletedC.willcompleteD.willbecompletedD【解析】考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。句中主語與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語nextyear判斷使用一般將來時(shí)。故選D。(2018·北京中考）—Alice,couldyoutellme______London?

—Sure.LastSunday.whenMr.Smithleft B.whenMr.SmithwillleavewhendidMr.Smithleave D.whenwillMr.SmithleaveA【解析】考查賓語從句。賓語從句使用陳述語序，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；根據(jù)答語時(shí)間lastSunday判斷使用一般過去時(shí)。故選A。完形填空(共8分，每小題1分）(2018·北京中考）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。(2018·北京中考）RealSolutions(解決方法)toProblemsThirtyengineerswereworkingasateaminacompany.Theywereyoungandeagertolearn.Themanagementdecidedtoteachthemaboutfindingrealsolutionstoproblems.Oneday,theteamwascalledfora13inahall.Theywerequitesurprisedandallreachedthehallholdingvarious14.Astheyentered,theyfoundaboxplacedinthecenter,fullofflatballoons.Themanageraskedeveryonetopickaballoonandblowitup.Thentheywereaskedtowritetheirnamesontheirrespective(各自的)balloons15sothattheballoonswouldn’tblowout.Alltried,butnoteveryonewas16.Fiveballoonsblewoutduetopressure(壓力).Thosewhofailedtomarktheirnamesontheballoonswere17outofthegame.Asaresult25engineerscametothenextlevel.Alltheballoonscarryingtheirnameswere18andthenputintoaroom.hereandthere.Theengineersweretoldtopicktheballoonwithhisorhernameon.Allthe25engineersbegantosearchfortherespectiveballoonsinarush.Itwasalmost15minutesbutnoonewasableto19thetherightone.Thesecondlevelofthegamewasover.Thencamethefinallevel.Theengineerswereaskedtopickanyballoonandgiveittothepersonnamedontheballoon.Withinacoupleofminutes.allballoons20thehandsoftherespectiveengineers.Themanagerannouncedthiswastherealsolutiontotheproblem.Manytimesinourlife,sharingandhelpingothersgiveusrealsolutionstoproblems.13.A.game B.show C.concert D.party14.A.purposes B.suggestions C.thoughts D.plans15.A.quietly B.carefully C.secretly D.clearly16.A.honest B.ready C.patient D.successful17.A.checked B.helped C.ruled D.cheated18.A.collected B.weighed C.tied D.cleaned19.A.mark B.hide C.number D.find20.A.freed B.reached C.lifted D.hit(2018·北京中考）體裁記敘文話題合作字?jǐn)?shù)28213.A【解析】考查前后文理解。根據(jù)第四段第一句句意“那些沒能在氣球上寫上名字的工程師被排除出了游戲?！笨芍@些工程師被召集在一個(gè)大廳里做游戲。故選A。14.C【解析】考查名詞辨析。purpose目的；suggestion建議；thought想法；plan計(jì)劃。句意：他們都很驚訝，帶著各種不同的想法來到了大廳。故選C。15.B【解析】考查副詞辨析。quietly安靜地；carefully仔細(xì)地；認(rèn)真地；secretly秘密地；clearly清晰地。句意：然后他們被要求不把氣球弄爆的情況下在各自的氣球上小心地寫上各自的名字。故選B。16.D【解析】考查形容詞辨析。honest誠實(shí)的；ready準(zhǔn)備好的；patient耐心的；successful成功的。根據(jù)下句句意“五個(gè)氣球因?yàn)閴毫Γㄟ^大）爆了”推斷此句表示并非每個(gè)人都成功了。故選D。17.C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。checkout檢查；helpout幫助解決；ruleout排除；取消；cleanout清掃。句意：那些沒能在氣球上標(biāo)注姓名的工程師被取消（參加下面的）游戲。故選C。18.A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。collect收集；weigh稱重；tie捆綁；clean清理。句意：所有帶名字的氣球被收集起來胡亂地放在了一個(gè)房間內(nèi)。故選A。19.D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。mark標(biāo)記；hide掩藏；number計(jì)數(shù)；find發(fā)現(xiàn)。句意：將近十五分鐘過去了，依然沒有人能找到自己的氣球。故選D。20.B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。reachthehands拿到手。故選B。閱讀理解（共36分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。(2018·北京中考）（共26分，每小題2分）Roger:Hi,there!Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.SomeofmyfriendsandAlan.mycousin,cametocelebrateit.Everyonebroughtmeagift.Wehadaparty.Weplayedgames.sangsongsandhadabigbirthdaycake.Itwasreallyawonderfulday!Didyoudoanythingspeciallastweek?

Jessica:Yes.Myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek.First,wewenttotheUniversityofNorthCarolinatolearnaboutthehistoryofitsbasketballteam.Manybasketballstarswerestudentsthere!Thenwevisitedamuseum.Welearnedabouthowtheplanewasinventedandtookmanypicturesthere.Sara:Well.Iwasluckyenoughtogotoaconference(會(huì)議)oncharity(慈善)lastWednesday.Iwassoexcitedtomeetalotofkindpeoplethere.OneofthemwasaboynamedRichard.Hespokeattheconferenceaboutthecharityworkthathehasdoneinthepastfewyears.Martin:Itwasadifferentweekthanusual.LastThursday,myschoolband(樂隊(duì))wenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.Iplayedtheviolinandwewonaprize!OnFriday,wewenttotheGeorgiaAquariumandgottoseedifferentkindsofsealifefromallovertheworld.Itwasreallycool!WhendidRogerhavehisbirthdayparty?LastWednesday. B.LastThursday.C.LastFriday. D.LastSaturday.Whowentonaschoolfieldtriplastweek?Alan. B.Jessica. C.Sara. D.RichardMartinwenttoAtlantato______.speakataconference B.organizeapartyC.performinacompetition D.visitauniversity(2018·北京中考）體裁記敘文話題校園生活詞數(shù)220【主旨大意】本文通過四位同學(xué)對(duì)上周活動(dòng)的描述向我們展示了他們多彩的生活。Roger上周六過15歲生日；Jessica上周參加了學(xué)校組織的野外旅行；Sara上周三參加了一場(chǎng)慈善會(huì)議；Martin所在的學(xué)校樂隊(duì)上周四參加了一場(chǎng)比賽并獲獎(jiǎng)；周五去了水族館。21.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)考查題。根據(jù)Roger所說“Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday”可知，他的生日派對(duì)是在上周六。故選D。22.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)考查題。根據(jù)第二段Jessica所說“Myclasswereonaschoolfieldtriplastweek”可知，參加學(xué)校野外旅行的是Jessica。故選B。23.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)考查題。根據(jù)Martin所說“LastThursday,myschoolbandwenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition”可知，樂隊(duì)去Atlanta是參加比賽。故選C。(2018·北京中考）BABeautifulMomentWhenIwasinhighschool,IworkedparttimehelpingDadsellfruitsandvegetablesatamarket.Oneday,asIwaspreparingthefruits.Alittleboycamebywithhismomandsister.Hewasabouteightyearsold,andthegirl,fiveorsix.Theywerelookingatthefruitsinfrontofme.Iheardthekidssaytotheirmom(inFrench).“They’regood!”IknewitwasFrench,becauseIcanspeakandunderstandit.ThenInoticedhowthemomwaspickingthefruits.AtfirstIthoughtshewasreallylookingatthefruitsbecauseshewasfacingthem,butthenInoticedhowmuchshehadtofeelandsmelleachoneasshepickedthemout.Andsheoftenaskedhersonifitlookedokay,butlookedwayabovewherehisfacewas.PuttingwhatIsawtogether.Iwassureshewasblind.Bothofthekidscontinuedtohelptheirmompickoutthefruits.Thesonmadesurethefruitswerenotobviouslybad,andthedaughterhandedthemtohermom.Thewomanthenfelteachoneandsmiled,andthedaughterwouldputthemintotheirbasket.Thekidsweresmilingwhilehelpingtheirmompickthefruitsout.Theirsmileandgentlemannermovedmeinawaythatneverhappenedbefore.Itwassobeautifultoseesuchyoungkidssowillinglyhelp.Mostkidsthatagewouldbepickingoutcandiesortoysinastoreforthemselves,insteadofhelpingtheirmompickoutfruits,asthetwokidsdid.Itwasgreattowitnessthemoment,butnotsogreatbecauseIdidn’ttellthemomhowbeautifulherchildrenwereintheirlanguage.ThisiswhatIregrettothisday.Thewomanandherkidscametothemarkettobuy____.fruits B.vegetables C.candies D.toysAccordingtowhathesaw,thewriterwassurethemothercouldn’t_____.speak B.see C.smell D.hearThewriterwasmovedbecause_______.themotherwasbravetofaceherproblemsB.thekidswerepoliteandkindtoeachotherC.themotherwascarefulinpickingoutthingsD.thekidsweresowillingtohelptheirmother(2018·北京中考）體裁記敘文話題故事詞數(shù)30924.A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theywerelookingthefruitsinfrontofme”判斷這位女士和她的孩子要買水果。故選A。25.B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“…Iwassureshewasblind（我相信她是盲人）”推斷可知她看不見。故選B。26.D【解析】綜合推斷題。綜合第四段內(nèi)容可知，作者深受兩個(gè)孩子的感動(dòng)是因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谌绱四挲g就自愿幫助母親干活，而不是像同齡人一樣去挑選糖果玩具。故選D。(2018·北京中考）CSomeprimaryschoolchildrenhavebeenraisedinhomeswithmoregreenspacearound.Theyarelikelytocomewithlargervolumesofwhiteandgraymatterincertainareasofthebrain.Thesedifferencesareassociated(關(guān)聯(lián))withbeneficialeffectsoncognitivefunction(認(rèn)知功能).ThisisthemainconclusionofastudyledbytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth.Thestudywasperformedamong253schoolchildreninSpain.Lifelongexposure(接觸)togreenspaceinthelivingplaceswasrecorded-usingtheinformationonthechildren’saddressesfrombirthupthroughtothetimeofthestudy.Brainstructurewasstudiedusing3Dmagneticresonanceimaging(MR).Workingmemoryandinattentiveness(注意力不集中)weregradedwithcomputers.“Thisisthefirststudythatshowstheassociationbetweenlong-termexposuretogreenspaceandbrainstructure.”saysDr.PayamDadvand,theleadingresearcherofthestudy.“Ourfindingssuggestthatexposuretogreenspaceearlyinlifecouldresultinbeneficialstructuralchangesinthebrain.”Thefindingsshowthatlong-termexposuretogreennessispositivelyassociatedwithwhiteandgreymattervolumesinseveralpartsofthebrain.Someofthemarerelatedtohigherscoresoncognitivetests.Moreover,largervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterinthosepartsmightleadtobetterworkingmemoryandlessinattentiveness.ExposuretonaturehasbeenthoughttobenecessaryforbraindevelopmentinchildrenAnotherstudyof2,593childrenshowsthatchildreninschoolswithmoregreenspacehaveagreaterincreaseinworkingmemoryandagreaterdecreaseininattentiveness.Humansarebelievedtobetiedtonature.Playingingreenerareasofferschildrenopportunitiestosearchandlearn.Accordingly.greenspaceisthoughttopromptimportantexercisesindiscovery.creativityandrisktaking.Theseexercisesinturnpositivelyinfluencebraindevelopment.Dr.Dadvand’sstudysuggestshowsuchstructuralchangescouldbringaboutthebeneficialeffectsofgreenspaceoncognitivedevelopment.Italsoaddstotheproofthatsuggeststhelastingeffectsofearlylifeexposuretogreennessonourhealthandthebenefitsofincreasinggreennessincities.Furtherstudiesareneededtoprovethefindingsinotherpopulation,settingsandclimates.Andresearchersneedtoexaminedifferencesaccordingtothenatureandqualityofgreenspace.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout______.howthestudywasperformed B.whatwasrecordedinthestudyC.howlongthestudylasted D.whotookpartinthestudyTheword“prompt”inParagraph6probablymeans“______”.control B.encourage C.balance D.changeWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Workingmemoryinfluenceswhiteandgreymatterinthebrain.B.Dr.Dadvandstressedtheimportanceofchangingtheenvironment.C.StudiesprovedtheinfluenceofgreennessonpopulationsoutofSpain.D.Livingingreenerneighborhoodsbenefitschildreninbraindevelopment.題材說明文話題科普知識(shí)（綠色空間對(duì)大腦認(rèn)知的影響）詞數(shù)395【主旨大意】本文是一篇科普文章，主要講述了綠色空間對(duì)大腦認(rèn)知的一個(gè)影響。巴塞羅那全球健康研究所通過調(diào)查在校學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)，在生活中多接觸綠色空間，對(duì)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知功能有積極影響，并且增強(qiáng)工作記憶，減輕注意力不集中。27.A段落主旨?xì)w納題。第二段主要介紹了本次調(diào)查研究是如何進(jìn)行的，因此選A。28.B詞義猜測(cè)題。Accordingly.greenspaceisthoughttopromptimportantexercisesindiscovery.creativityandrisktaking.相應(yīng)地，綠色空間被認(rèn)為能在發(fā)現(xiàn)力、創(chuàng)造力和冒險(xiǎn)中促進(jìn)重要的鍛煉。prompt是促進(jìn)，鼓舞的意思。control是控制，encourage 是鼓勵(lì)balance是平衡change是改變，只有encourage的感情色彩是正面的，因此選B。29.D綜合推斷題。本文主要講述了綠色空間對(duì)大腦認(rèn)知的影響，文章分別從第三段、第四段、第五段、第六段以及第七段論證該觀點(diǎn)。D項(xiàng)“居住在綠化更好的社區(qū)有助于孩子們大腦的發(fā)育”符合文意，故選D。(2018·北京中考）DWeoftenreachapointinourlifewhenweshouldbereadyforchangethatwillhelpusunlockourself-improvementpower.However,there’salwayssomethingstaringatusrightunderournosebutwedon’tseeit.Theonlytimewethinkofunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswheneverythinggetsworst.WhendowerealizethatweneedtochangedietsWhennoneofourshirtsandjeanswouldfitus.WhendowestopeatingcandiesandchocolatesWhenallofourteethhavefallenoff.WhendowerealizethatweneedtostopsmokingWhenourlungshavegonebad.Weseethewarningsignsandsignalswhenthingsgetroughanddifficult.Theonlytunemostofuseverlearnaboutunlockingourself-improvementpoweriswhenthewholeworldisfallingapart.Wethinkandfeelthiswaybecauseitisnoteasytochange,butchangebecomesmorepainfulwhenweignore(忽視)it.Changewillhappen,likeitorhateit.Atonepointoranother,weareallgoingtofinallyunlockourself-improvementpowernotbecausetheworldsaysso,butbecausewerealizeit’sforourowngood.Happypeopledon’tjustacceptchange,theyembrace(擁抱)it.Unlockingourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.Itissuchapoorexcuseforpeoplewhofearchange.Janealwaystellseveryonethatshedoesn’thavethecouragetobearoundgroupsofpeople.Sheheardherfamilytellthesamethingsabouthertootherpeople.Overtheyears,thatiswhatJanehasbelieved.Everytimeagreatcrowdcome.shestepsbackandlocksherselfupinaroom.Janenotonlybelievesinherstory,butlivesit!Self-improvementmaynotbeeverybody’sfavoriteword,butifwelookatthingsinadifferentway,wemighthavegreaterchancesofenjoyingthewholeprocessinsteadofcountingthedaysuntilwearefullyimproved.Threesessionsinaweekatthegymwouldresultinahealthierlife.Readingbookseverydaywouldbuildupknowledge.Andonlywhenweareenjoyingthewholeprocessofunlockingourself-improvementpowerwillwerealizethatwe’rebeginningtotakethingslightandbecomehappy.ThewritermentionsthethreequestionsinParagraph2toshowthat_____.welearnourlessonswhenweexperiencepainB.weareresponsiblefortheproblemswemeetC.lifefailsuswhenwegetintothewrongwayD.lifeisalongjourneyfullofupsanddownsWhatisthekeytosolvingJane’sproblem?

Sheneedstorememberwhyshestarted.B.Shehastoknowhowtogetonwithpeople.C.Shehastorealizesheisnotwhatsheisinherstory.D.Sheneedstounderstandtheimportanceofconfidence.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat______.theworldtellsushowtoimproveourselvesB.peoplechangewhentheyfinditeasytodothatC.welcomingchangeinlifeisadrivetobecomebetterD.enjoyingtheprocessofself-improvementmakeslifesimplerWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?Isitimportanttotakethingslight?B.Isitnecessarytoembracechallenges?C.Toholdontothelastmomentortogiveup?D.Tofreeourselvesoutoftheboxortostayinit?題材議論文話題自我改善能力

詞數(shù)416【主旨大意】本文主要談?wù)撝挥挟?dāng)一切變得最糟糕時(shí)，我們才會(huì)想到釋放出我們自我完善能力。不管喜歡或討厭，改變總會(huì)發(fā)生。樂觀的人不僅接受改變，而且擁抱它。而Jane總是說她沒有勇氣出現(xiàn)在人群面前，把她自己鎖在屋子里。只有當(dāng)我們享受釋放出我們自我完善能力的過程，我們將會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到我們開始不在乎事情，并變得開心。30.A理解判斷題。由第二段的三個(gè)問題“當(dāng)我們的襯衫和牛仔褲不適合我們，我們才會(huì)意識(shí)到我們需要改變飲食。當(dāng)我們的牙齒都掉光了，才會(huì)停止吃糖和巧克力。肺變壞了，才會(huì)意識(shí)到停止吸煙?！边@三個(gè)痛苦的事情，使我們獲得教訓(xùn)。故選A。31.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“Janenotonlybelievesinherstory,butlivesit!Jane不僅相信她的故事，而且生活在其中?！笨纱_定答案C。32.C推理判斷題。由“onlywhenweareenjoyingthewholeprocessofunlockingourself-improvementpowerwillwerealizethatwe’rebeginningtotakethingslightandbecomehappy.”可確定答案C。33.D主旨大意題。由“Unlockingourself-improvementpowermeansunlockingourselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweare.”。故選D。(2018·北京中考）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題（共10分，每小題2分）Whenitcomestothelettergradeonyourtestorhomework.youmightnoticethatthereisnoletterE.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhythatisso?IntheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem.thefirstfourlettersaretypicallyconsideredpassinggrades.AnFinthissystemsimplystandsfor“fail”.Theword“fail”happenstostartwiththeletterF,whichseemstoleaveouttheletterE.Thefactofthematteristhatanylettercanmean“not-passing”or“fail”.SomeschoolshaveUgradefor“unsatisfactory”,orIgradefor“incomplete”.Evenwithallthissaid,weshouldalsopointoutthatEgradeactuallyhasbeenusedprettycommonlythroughoutthehistoryoflettergradesintheUS.ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayisMountHolyokeCollege.In1897,theybegantousethefollowinggradingscale:A:95-100%(excellent) B:85-94%(good) C:76-84%(fair)D:75%(barelypassed) E:below75%(failed)WecanseetheinclusionofEinsteadofF.Gradually,thelettergradingsystembecamemorepopularthroughouttheUS.However,nayschoolsdecidedtodroptheEgradeandgostraighttoF.Thereisnoevidence(證據(jù))toreallysupportthis.butonepossibleexplanationisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.WhydowehavelettergradesWell,partofthereasonisthattheymadegradingsimplerduringatimeofgreatchangeforschools.Asthe20thcenturybegan,growingcitiesandanincreaseinimmigrationledtolargerschoolclassrooms.Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.Today,moreandmorepeoplearguethatlettergradesdon’tfullyreflect(反映)studentlearning.However.asteacherstrytoimprovegradingmethods,manyparentscontinuetofavorthelettergradestheygotaskids.Theyarefamiliar(熟悉)andeasyforparentstounderstand.Sowhiletheymightnotbeperfect,thelettergradesprobablyaren’tgoingawayanytimesoon.WhatdoesanFstandforintheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem?WhenwasthelettergradingsystemfirstusedintheUScollege?WhatisonepossibleexplanationfordroppingtheEgrade?Whatdidmostteachersthinkofthelettergradingsysteminthe20thcentury?Whydomanyparentsstillpreferthelettergradestoday?題材說明文話題成績(jī)等級(jí)

詞數(shù)376【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了成績(jī)等級(jí)的意義及說明。不及格用“F”而不用“E”的原因是因?yàn)楸苊庖徊糠旨议L理解為“優(yōu)秀”，有的學(xué)校使用“U”或“I”。1897年曼荷蓮學(xué)院第一次啟用這套系統(tǒng)。我們用字母表示成績(jī)，是因?yàn)樗麄兒?jiǎn)單、明顯并且表達(dá)清晰。當(dāng)然在使用過程中也有爭(zhēng)議，有人認(rèn)為等級(jí)不能反映學(xué)生的成績(jī)，但是隨著老師對(duì)于評(píng)價(jià)方法的改進(jìn)，家長們逐漸熟悉并接受等級(jí)成績(jī)，而等級(jí)成績(jī)短期內(nèi)也不會(huì)消失。Itstandsfor“fail”.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段第二句AnFinthissystemsimplystandsfor“fail”.35.In1897.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四自然段。In1897,theybegantousethefollowinggradingscale。36.TeacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第三段butonepossibleexplanationisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.37.Theythoughtthisnewletterreadingsystemwasaneasyfairandclearwaytogradestudents.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.38.Becausethelettergradesarefamiliarandeasyforparentstounderstand.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后一段Theyarefamiliar(熟悉)andeasyforparentstounderstand.書面表達(dá)（共10分）文段表達(dá)（10分）(2018·北京中考）從下面兩個(gè)題目中任選一題，根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作，文中已給出內(nèi)容不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語僅供選用，請(qǐng)不要寫出你的校名和姓名。題目①假如你是李華，你們學(xué)校將要舉辦一場(chǎng)關(guān)于京劇的講座，你打算邀請(qǐng)你們班交換生Peter參加。請(qǐng)用英語寫一封電子郵件。告訴他講座的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，以及需要做什么準(zhǔn)備。提示詞語：lecture(講座),invite,information,question,online