動(dòng)詞不定式的使用VIP

動(dòng)詞不定式的使用動(dòng)詞不定式的使用動(dòng)詞不定式的使用V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考動(dòng)詞不定式的使用日期：20xx年X月動(dòng)詞不定式的使用姓名班級(jí)2014/9/3判斷下列不定式在句子中充當(dāng)哪些成分TodolikethatisfoolishIwanttoseeyouIamtovisityouHehaslotsofworktodoIstudyhardtoimproveEnglish.Theteacheraskmetoanswerthequestion.做主語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)真的很重要。做一名醫(yī)生是我的夢(mèng)想總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作_______時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用________且常用it作形式主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞不定式和不定式短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis+形容詞或名詞（或詞組）+不定式短語(yǔ)…這時(shí)的形容詞常為easy,difficult,hard,good,useful,wrong,right,necessary,impossible,important等。名詞或詞組常為afact,agreatday,agreatthing,apity等。It’sdangerous________you_________________(交朋友）ontheInternet.It’ssilly________you_______________(吵架）withyourbestfriendaboutatinything.做賓語(yǔ)1.Fred沒(méi)有錢(qián)，所以他決定找一份工作2.他答應(yīng)不告述任何人這事總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作_______時(shí),前面所接的動(dòng)詞常有：want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,help,agree,promise,prefer.PollyismakinganapologytoDolly,andhetries_________(comfort)her.Atfirst,Pollypretends________(be)quiteannoyed,butatlast,Dollydecides_____________(forgive)him.Theypromise_________________________(不再爭(zhēng)吵）。Ifinditinterestingtoworkwithhim.如果帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，往往把不定式賓語(yǔ)放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。類(lèi)似動(dòng)詞有()等▲(構(gòu)成"主語(yǔ)+V.+it+賓補(bǔ)+todosth."的形式)我認(rèn)為學(xué)英語(yǔ)很難。她覺(jué)得背叛我很內(nèi)疚。作表語(yǔ)1.我的任務(wù)是去完成作業(yè)。2.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)?？偨Y(jié)：動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作_______時(shí),放在系動(dòng)詞后面，常常表示將要做某事的意思。主語(yǔ)中通常包含名詞：job,duty,task,dream,hope,plan,purpose,aim,goal…作定語(yǔ)1.你有什么要說(shuō)的嗎是第一個(gè)知道這真相的人總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞不定式放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后作定語(yǔ)成分，與所修飾名詞有如下關(guān)系:A）不定式動(dòng)詞與句子賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系;B）不定式說(shuō)明所修飾名詞的內(nèi)容;C）被修飾名/代詞詞是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)Task:判斷以下關(guān)系Hehasmadeaplantogetmarriedwithin6years.Hewishestofindacomfortableplacetolive.Everyonehastherighttopursuehappiness.Hehopestofindabeautifulandtalentedladytomarry.JayChoumaybeisthefirstpersontocombinetraditionalmusicwithmodernmusic.1.I'vegotsomething__________you.A.tellB.totellC.telling D.fortelling2.You’reluckyenoughtohaveacomfortableroom___________.A.liveBtoliveC.toliveinD.livingin3.I’vefoundapleasantplace___________.A.toliveB.toliveinC.livingD.livingin4.Heexpressedhiswish_________teacher.AtobecomeaBbecomingC.turningD.toturna注1:不定式做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示未做。Ihaveaveryimportantmeetingtoattendtomorrow.注2:動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可放在一些名詞的后面。attempt,ability,chance,desire,determination,decision,effort,failure,intention,needandopportunity.注3：當(dāng)名詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用不定式作定語(yǔ)他是第一個(gè)起床的人注4：作定語(yǔ)的不定式如是不及物動(dòng)詞，不定式后須有相應(yīng)的介詞。1.他正找一間房子住。2.沒(méi)有什么擔(dān)心的。3.請(qǐng)給我一把切物的刀。Hehasnothing____________(擔(dān)心).Heisalittleseriousbuteasy_____________________________(相處).Everyonehasawishtoownbestfriends_____________(依靠）whenintrouble.Iwanttofindacomfortablechair__________(坐）作狀語(yǔ)Hespokeloudly(soas/inorder)tobeheard.Iamhappytohearthenews.I’mtootiredtowalkanyfurthertonight.1Shewastoofattobecomeamodel.2Shewasluckyenoughtobecomeasupermodel.3Herfamilieswereexcitedtowitnesshersuccess.4Torealizeherdream,shewasdeterminedtoloseweightregardlessofothers’mocking(嘲笑).Onceshepickeduphercouragetoapplytoamodelcompany,onlytoberefused.Tellthesentencestrueorfalse.Toearnmoney,heworksveryhard.()Toearnmoney,everymeanshasbeentried.()HehurriedtoAmerica,tohopetofindajobthere.()Howpleasedtheywerehearingthenews..()Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.()總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞不定式可以做成分，A）表示目的狀語(yǔ)，常放在句首，用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，放在句中，不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；B）表示原因狀語(yǔ)，放在情感心理的形容詞后，bepleased/happy/angrytodo;C）表示結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，（only)todo,意思“結(jié)果卻”；D)在帶有enough或too的句子里，不定式表示程度。作賓補(bǔ)1.她叫我呆在這兒2.請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我介紹Mr.White給你們。總結(jié)：在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞不定式可，常跟這種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,callon,waitfor,invite.Whenthecouplefirstgotmarried,they__________________(相處很好）。Theladywishedherhusband____________(love)herforever,butwhentheirfirstbabywasborn,theyoften_________(爭(zhēng)吵）aboutthebaby.Theladygotangry,andsheorderedherhusband__________________(向她道歉)inpublic.Themandidsoandbeggedher______________（原諒他）.adviserencouraged_________summercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.A.formetakingB.metakingC.formetotakeD.metotake’dliketogetsomeone___________difficulties.tohelpmeovercomeBhelpmetoovercomehelpingmeovercomeD.helpsmetoovercomeⅠBareinfinitive（不定式符號(hào)to的省略）我聽(tīng)到他在唱流行歌曲我看到他們踢足球了他讓我擦玻璃A.有些動(dòng)詞后面的不定式不帶to，“6321”lookat,see,watch,notice,observe,find（六看）.make,have,let（三讓?zhuān)﹉ear,listento（二聽(tīng)）feel（一感）主動(dòng)省“to”，被動(dòng)加“to”IoftenhearhimsingthesongWehadnothingtodobut/exceptwait.WhatIwanttodoisfindsomebooks.B①介詞but，except,表示“除了”后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，介詞前有行為動(dòng)詞do，不定式省to。②當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分有行為動(dòng)詞do，不定式做表語(yǔ)省to?！扒坝衐o，后省to”她無(wú)事可做只有哭我別無(wú)選擇只有走youliketogoshoppingorwatchfilms.decidetoworkratherthanplay.toldmetolistencarefullyandworkhardC.兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的不定式由連詞and，or，but，ratherthan連接時(shí)，第二個(gè)不定式符號(hào)to開(kāi)始，往往省略。Ⅱ不定式后動(dòng)詞的省略A:WouldyouliketocometomypartyB:Yes,I’dloveto(cometoyourparty).Mary想用我的自行車(chē)，但我叫她別用。作簡(jiǎn)短回答或避免不必要的重復(fù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定式常常省去to后面的動(dòng)詞，只保留不定式符號(hào)to。動(dòng)詞不定式省略to的情況歸納*1當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，如動(dòng)詞是make,let,have或lookat,see,watch,observe,hear,listento,feel、等，不定式不帶to.*2.在下列結(jié)構(gòu)后hadbetter,wouldrather,wouldrather…than,cannotbut（不得不，必然，不能不）,can’thelpbut等*3.whynot…表建議*4.在介詞but,except之后，如果其前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do的某種形式，不定式不帶to,反之須帶to.Ⅲ疑問(wèn)詞+todo動(dòng)詞不定式還可以和what,where,how,when,which等連接代詞（副詞）連用，在句中做主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)。如：1.如何處理垃圾是個(gè)問(wèn)題。______________________isaproblem.couldn’tdecide________________.(買(mǎi)哪一個(gè))Ⅳ不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)/語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式todotobedone進(jìn)行式tobedoing/完成式tohavedonetohavebeendoneissaidtogotoBeijing.2.Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.3.Heissaidtohavestudiedabroadfor2years.Tobedoing所表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Tohavedone表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生（發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前）1.—Andyworkshard.---sohedoes,heisoftenseen_____afterwork.A.playingB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying’mthirsty.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomething_____.A.drunkB.todrinkC.tobedrunkD.drinkingyouplantogotoBeijing---Yes,Iplan___.A.\BtoC.soD.thatgaveussomeadviceonhow____English.A.improvingB.improvedC.toimproveD.improvegetagoodmark,______.A.alotofpracticeisneededB.itneedspracticeC.practiceisinneedofD.youneedalotofpracticetolduswhether_____apicnicwasstillunderdiscussion.(09四川卷)AtohaveB.havingD.hadIsmokeheredon’tallow___here.A.peoplesmokingsmokeC.peoplesmokeDsmokingbuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone______firstisthelibrary.（2010重慶卷）Arepaired B.beingrepairedC.repairing D.toberepairedexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if___regularly,canimproveourhealth.(2010浙江卷)A．beingcarriedoutoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout5.Ihadgreatdifficultythesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.（2010上海）A.findB.foundC.tofindD.findingistheonlywaywecanimaginetheoveruseofwaterinstudents'bathrooms.(2010上海卷)B.toreduceC.reducedD.reduce7.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.（10江西卷）AtodiscoverBtobediscoveredCdiscoveredDbeingdiscoveredwereastonishedthetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.（2010遼寧卷）AfindingB.tofindC.findbefound9.Alexandertriedtogethiswork____inthemedicalcircles.(2010遼寧卷)A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized10.Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.（10陜西）A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished1.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier________itmoredifficult.(MET99)A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat______inmynewjob.(MET2000)A.ExpectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplesbutitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.(MET2001)A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen4.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_____thefirstcomputer.(MET1993)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented5.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_______tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003)A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.(MET95)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto7.LittleJimshouldlove_____tothetheatrethisevening.(MET92)A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.takingarefivepairs___,butI'matalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考)

A.tobechosen

B.tochoosefrom

C.tochoose

D.forchoosing

intheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考)

A.Tosleep

B.Sleeping

C.Sleep

D.Havingsleepalotofdifficultproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考)A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledwilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole___inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(2003上海春季高考)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplayingordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying___theirproductsmorecompetitive.(2002上海春季高考)A.tomakeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.havingmadeteacheraskedus___somuchnoise.(2003北京春季高考)'tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomakeVerb-ingformasanounStudyaimsformasanoun2.PracticeGuide1:readpoint1ofVerb-ingformasanoun;Whatcanverb-ingformbeusedinasentence看看“swimming”在句中的作用.1.Swimmingisgoodforyourhealth.2.Myfavoritesportisswimming.3.Iloveswimmingintheseaduringthesummer.4.Ikeepfitbyswimmingeveryday.Guide2:readthroughpoint2-3andfillintheblanksbelow.1.Idislike___(see)ourteamlose.2.Myfatherisconsidering____(buy)acar.3.Doyoumind____(open)thewindowforme4.Youshouldavoid___(walk)alongthisroadforitisbeingrepairednow.5.Headmitted___(have)seenthekeysbeforeexams.6.Thatoldladykept___(talk).7.Canyouimagine___(go)skatinginsuchacoldday8.Icannothelp___(wonder)whyshedoesnotlikeme.9.Ilookforwardto___(shop)withyouthisweekend.10.Sarahfeltlike___(cry)whensheknewshewasbetrayedbyherfriend.11.Icannotstand___(see)peopletalkingwiththeirmouthsfull.12.Leadershavetoputoff____(hold)aconferenceofpeacetalkduetotheattackofterrorists.13.Ourteacherkepton___(repeat)therules.BothVerb-ingformsandtoinfinitivescanbeusedafterverbslikecontinue,prefer,begin,hate,like,start,love…PairworkFindoutthedifferencesbetweenverb-ingformandtoinfinitiveswhenafterforget,regret,remember,mean,tryforgottoclosethedoorwhenheleft.’llneverforgetwinningmyfirstgoldmedal.3.Iregrettoinformyouthattheflighthasbeencancelled.4.Iregrettedtellinghimabouttheaccident.Practice1coulddonothingbut____tohisteacherthathewaswrong．A.admitB.admittedC.admittingD.toadmit2.—Iusuallygotherebytrain.—Whynot_____byboatforachangeA.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing3.Pauldoesn'thavetobemade_____.Healwaysworkshard.A.learn B.tolearn C.learned D.learning4.Janewasmade_____thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.towash B.washing C.wash D.tobewashingPractice21.____isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It2.Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.It’stimeforusto____ourstudies.getdowntoB.getoutC.getbackforD.getover3.Thechairmanthought____necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A.ThatB.itC.thisD.him4.LastsummerItookacourseon_____.howtomakedressesB.howdressesbemadeC.howtobemade