【語(yǔ)法】動(dòng)詞不定式 完整版課件

高中英語(yǔ)精品語(yǔ)法課件動(dòng)詞不定式（第2課時(shí)）Lead-in翻譯并指出不定式在句中的功能。

l.Tolearnabouttheuniverse,youneedtohaveatelescope

toobservethestarswith.2.Ittakestimetoknowaman.3.Pleaseremembertobringmeabook.

4.I’vegotalotofworktodo.5.I’dlikeyoutobuymesomevegetableswhenyougoshopping.6.WearetotakeanEnglishtestthisFriday.Lead-in答案1.要了解大千世界，你需要一臺(tái)望遠(yuǎn)鏡去觀察恒星。（tolearnabouttheuniverse為目的狀語(yǔ)；tohaveatelescope為賓語(yǔ)；toobservethestarswith為目的狀語(yǔ)。）2.要了解一個(gè)人需要時(shí)間。（作主語(yǔ)）3.請(qǐng)記住給我?guī)П緯?shū)來(lái)。（作賓語(yǔ)）4.我有許多工作要做。（作定語(yǔ)）5.我想要你購(gòu)物時(shí)幫我買(mǎi)些蔬菜。（作賓補(bǔ)）6.我們定于本周五進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)測(cè)試。（作主語(yǔ)）

Presentation1.后接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有afford,agree,ask,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,wish,attempt等。Hemanagedtosolvetheproblembyhimself.他自己設(shè)法解決了問(wèn)題。Amywantstoknowmoreaboutthefilm.安米想知道更多的關(guān)于這部電影的情況。動(dòng)詞不定式的重點(diǎn)Presentation2.動(dòng)詞不定式在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用到形式賓語(yǔ)it，而將動(dòng)詞不定式后置。Thegirlmakesitaruletomemorizesomewordsbeforegoingtobed.那女孩養(yǎng)成了睡覺(jué)前記幾個(gè)單詞的習(xí)慣。Doyouthinkitagoodbehaviortotalkinclass?你認(rèn)為課堂講話是好的行為嗎？Ifeelitmydutytohelpyougetthroughthehardtime.我認(rèn)為幫你度過(guò)難關(guān)是我的職責(zé)。Doyouconsideritwisetostoplookingintothecase?你認(rèn)為停止調(diào)查這個(gè)案子明智嗎？Whydoesshefinditdifficulttopassthetest?她為何發(fā)現(xiàn)這次考試難及格？Presentation3.下列結(jié)構(gòu)后面常接動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。①名詞前有序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)或next,only等修飾時(shí)。

②一些要求動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞后。如:agreement,attempt,decision,promise,wish,plan等。YangLi-weiisthefirstChinesetotravelinspace.楊利偉是第一個(gè)太空旅行的中國(guó)人。Bothsidesmadeanagreementtogiveuptheplan.雙方達(dá)成協(xié)議，放棄這個(gè)計(jì)劃。Presentation4.動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)①動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,challenge,drive,tell,encourage,expect,forbid,force,hire,intend,invite,order,permit,persuade,remind,require,teach,want,warn,believe,consider,declare,discover,feel（認(rèn)為）,find,imagine,judge,suppose,think,understand,dislike,like,prefer,hate,love,arrangefor,askfor,callon,counton,longfor,dependon,relyon,waitfor等動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。Don’tforceyourdaughtertodowhatshedoesn'tlike.不要逼迫你女兒去做她不喜歡的事情。Presentation

②動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式see,notice,watch,lookat,observe,hear,listento,feel,have,make,let等動(dòng)詞。Ioftenhearhimsinginthenextroom.我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)到他在隔壁房間唱歌。Hestoodthereandwatchedthepassengersgoby.他站在那看著行人來(lái)來(lái)往往。Didyounoticeanyoneenterthehouse？你注意到有人進(jìn)那間屋子嗎？Spotlight1.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)的三種結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ)一般和它前面的名詞有邏輯上的“動(dòng)賓關(guān)系”①動(dòng)詞不定式為及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞不定式的重點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)Ihavetwoletterstowritetonight.今晚我有兩封信要寫(xiě)。Shehasanotherthreestampstocollectbeforeleaving.在離開(kāi)之前，她還要集三張郵票。Spotlight②動(dòng)詞不定式為“不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞”注意：當(dāng)不定式作定語(yǔ)修飾的名詞是place時(shí)，不及物動(dòng)詞后面的介詞可以省略。Doyouhaveapenciltowritewith?你有鉛筆寫(xiě)字嗎？Doyouhaveanypapertowriteon?你有紙寫(xiě)字嗎？Theteacherhasalotofpaperstogothrough.老師有許多試卷要批閱。Atlasthefoundagoodplacetolive（in）.最后，他找了一個(gè)好地方住了下來(lái)。Spotlight③動(dòng)詞不定式為及“及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+介詞”Theyhavefoundaroomtoputtheirluggagein.他們已經(jīng)找了一個(gè)放行李的房子。Haveyoumetanyonetomakefriendswith?你遇到了可以交朋友的人嗎？Spotlight2.動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)so+adj./adv.+astodo…如此……以至于……such+adj.+n.+astodo…如此……以至于……adj./adv.+enough+todo足夠……too+adv./adj.+todo太……以至于不能……Theboyistoolazytostudywell.那男孩太懶，學(xué)習(xí)不好。Youdidn’twalkfastenoughtoreachthereintime.你們走得不快，沒(méi)能及時(shí)到達(dá)那里。Sheissuchalazygirlastofailthetest.她是位太懶惰的女孩，考試不及格。Spotlight3.感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞+do/doingsth.許多感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞后面可接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞-ing充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。后面接動(dòng)詞不定式表示“感受”了某一個(gè)過(guò)程；后面接動(dòng)詞-ing形式只表示瞬間的“感覺(jué)”。Inoticedawomanstealingonthebus.我注意到一位婦女在車(chē)上偷東西。（“注意”的時(shí)候那位婦女“正在偷”）Inoticedawomanstealawalletonthebus.我注意到一位婦女偷了一個(gè)錢(qián)包。（“注意”到了“偷”的全過(guò)程）Weheardyousinginginyourroomwhenwewalkedby.當(dāng)我們經(jīng)過(guò)的時(shí)候，聽(tīng)到你在房間里唱歌。（“經(jīng)過(guò)”時(shí)正好“聽(tīng)”到了你的歌聲）

Weheardyousingafewsongsintheparty.在晚會(huì)上，我們聽(tīng)你唱了幾首歌。（唱的幾首歌都“聽(tīng)”了）Practice1.—Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.

—Goodidea.____moreaboutit,visitthiswebsite.（2014四川）A.TofindoutB.FindingoutC.TobefindingoutD.Havingfoundout答案：A。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，“為了獲取更多相關(guān)信息”表示“目的”，用動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式。2.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress,AnneBenedictwenton____allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.（2015陜西）A.tothank B.thanking C.havingthanked D.tohavethanked答案：A?？疾間oondoing“繼續(xù)做同一件事”和goontodo“接著做另一件事”的不同用法。鏈接高考Practice3.______inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.（2015天津）A.ToabsorbB.Tobeabsorbed C.AbsorbedD.Absorbing答案：C?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。短語(yǔ)beabsorbedinsth/doingsth“聚精會(huì)神地做……”4.______warmatnight,Iwouldfillthewoodstove,thensetmyalarmclockformidnightsoIcouldrefillit.（2013湖南）A.Staying B.Stayed C.Tostay D.Stay答案：C。動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的，用一般式。Practice一、用動(dòng)詞不定式的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Iintended________（come）overtoseeyou.2.Theyseem________（make）wonderfulprogressintheirwork.3.Hehappened______（do）hishomeworkwhenhisparentscameback.4.Theyaresaid________（alreadyhit）the2,000target.5.Theyarebelieved_________（alreadyachieve）somesuccessintheirexperiment.隨堂練習(xí)Practice答案：

1.tohavecome 2.tohavemade3.tobedoing 4.tohavealreadyhit5.tohavealreadyachievedPractice二、選擇正確的答案。1._________suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.（2001全國(guó)）A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered2.—Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.

—Sheappears_________everything.（2001上海）A.totellB.tobetoldC.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold3.Ireallyappreciate_________torelaxwithyouonthisniceisland.（2001上海）A.tohavebadtimeB.havingtimeC.tohavetimeD.tohavingtimePractice4._________atthedoorbeforeentering,please.（2001北京春）A.KnockedB.ToknockC.KnockingD.Knock5.Theflu