中考英語語法被動語態(tài)課件

中考英語語法-被動語態(tài)掌握被動語態(tài)需要了解的知識點第一：被動語態(tài)的概念和具體適用情況第二：被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)第三：被動語態(tài)動詞過去分詞變化形式

（規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化形式）第四：被動語態(tài)需要提前掌握各種動詞時態(tài)第五：被動語態(tài)需要注意的幾種特殊情況第六：不用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況導(dǎo)入英語動詞有兩種語態(tài)：

主動語態(tài)

(theActiveVoice)

被動語態(tài)(thePassiveVoice)A.主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。B.被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。Weplantedtheflower.Theflowerwasplantedbyus.使用被動語態(tài)的情況

一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：Tabletennisisplayedallovertheworld．

二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如：Mycarwasstolenlastnight．我的車昨晚被盜了。

三、中文中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時。例如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知……Itiswellknownthat…據(jù)推測說……Itissupposedthat…四、中文中含有“被”、“由”等詞時。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989．

被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：Be動詞+過去分詞時態(tài)被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)通過be動詞的變化體現(xiàn)。be動詞可變形式：amisare/waswere/willbe/shallbe/havebeen/hasbeen/hadbeen/mustbeandetc.WespeakChinese.主語謂語賓語Chinese

is

spoken

byus.主語謂語賓語主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)Wecleanedthemeetingroomyesterday.

昨天我們打掃了會議室。Themeetingroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.昨天會議室被我們打掃了。1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-edstudy---studied4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone更多變化參考課本附表動詞被動語態(tài)對比中文以及變化方法:被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu):

be+過去分詞（及物動詞）被動語態(tài)是英語動詞的一種特殊形式.中文往往用“被”“受”“給”等詞來表示被動意義.主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的方法:1.主動句中的賓語變成被動句的主語.2.主動句中的謂語動詞變成被動句的

be+過去分詞.3.主動句中的主語變成被動句

by

的賓語,放在謂語動詞后面.如果不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作執(zhí)行者時,by短語可省略.

ManypeoplespeakChinese.Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.被動語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)變化結(jié)構(gòu)和例句:一般現(xiàn)在時am,is,are+

過去分詞

Childrenoftensingthesong.Thesongisoftensungbychildren.一般過去時was,were+

過去分詞

APLAmansavedhim.HewassavedbyaPLAman.一般將來時willbe,shallbe+

過去分詞

Theywilltakehertothehospital.Shewillbetakentothehospital.情態(tài)動詞

+be+過去分詞

Wemustcleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroommustbecleanedeveryday.時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時am/is/are+donewas/were+doneShall\willbe+done情態(tài)動詞+be+done常用被動語態(tài)時態(tài)表格匯總過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時wouldbe+donehave/hasbeen+

donehadbeen+

done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時was/werebeing+doneam/is/arebeing+done更多時態(tài)被動變化表格拓展ChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassivevoice:1.PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.

Englishisspokenallovertheworldbypeople.2.Shewashesherhandsbeforelunch.

Herhandsarewashedbeforelunch.3.DoChinesepeopleplanttreeseveryspring.

AretreesplantedbyChinesepeopleeveryspring.4.Hisauntdoesn’toftenplaytabletennis.

Tabletennis

isn’toftenplayedbyhisaunt..1.Iborrowedthisbookfromthelibrarylastweekend.

Thisbookwasborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekend.2.Thepolicemencaughtfourthieveslastnight.Fourthieveswerecaughtbythepolicemenlastnight.3.Ididn’tbuyaEnglishdictionary.

AnEnglihsdictionarywasn’tboughtbyme.4.Didyoubringaumbrella?

Wasaumbrellabroughtbyyou?1.HewillstudyEnglishwell.Englishwillbestudiedwellbyhim.2.Willyoucleanyourclassroom?

Will

yourclassroombecleanedbyyou?3.Iwon’twritetomygrandpathisevening.Mygrandpawon’tbewrittentothiseveningbyme.4.Thenursewilltakecareofthechildren.Thechildrenwillbetakencareofbythenurse.1.Wemusttakecareofthebooksinthelibrary.

Thebooksmustbetakencareofinthelibrary.2.Youmayfindthiskindoftreeseverywhere.

Thiskindoftreesmaybefoundeverywhere.3.Youcan’tseethestarsinthedaytime.

Thestarscan’tbeseeninthedaytime.4.Mustwehandinourcompositionstomorrow?

Must

ourcompositions

behandedintomorrow?1.Theboyiswearinganewcoat.

Anewcoatisbeingwornbytheboy.2.Thegirlsaremakingmodelships.

Modelshipsarebeingmade

bythegirls.3.Hehasalreadydonetheexercises.

Theexerciseshavealreadybeendonebyhim.4.Myclassmateshaveputontheplay.

Theplayhasbeenputonbymyclassmates.主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)時要注意以下幾點:1.含有雙賓語的主動句變成被動句時,可以將其中一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一個不動.一般把間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z.

如:Marygavemeapen.IwasgivenapenbyMary.

如果把直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,則在間接賓語前加“to\for”

如:ApenwasgiventomebyMary.2.含有復(fù)合賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r,將其中的賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,賓補(bǔ)不變.

如:Weaskedhimtospeakatthemeeting.Hewasaskedtospeakatthemeeting.

3.如果主動句中的謂語是短語動詞,變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r,短語動詞的介詞或副詞不可以丟掉.

如:Theytookgoodcareoftheboys.Theboysweretakengoodcareof.

4.在“l(fā)et,make,see,hear,notice,watch,feel”

等動詞后面做賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式不帶“to”,但改成被動句時應(yīng)加上“to”.

如:Thedoctormademestayinbedforthreedays.Iwasmadetostayinbedforthreedaysbythedoctor.1.Hetellsusastoryeveryevening.

Wearetoldastorybyhimeveryevening.Astoryistoldtousbyhimeveryevening.2.Heboughtme

anewbikeyesterday.

Iwasboughtanewbikeyesterday.Anewbikewasboughtformeyesterday.3.Willhetakehissistertothepark?

Willhissisterbetakentotheparkbyhim?4.Heislookingforthelostkey.

Thelostkeyisbeinglookedforbyhim.5.Thebossmadehimdotheheavywork.

Hewasmadetodothehomework(bytheboss).6.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.

HeisoftenheardtoplaytheguitarAtrafficaccident________(happen)justnow.happened2.連系動詞（Link.v.)

如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.當(dāng)此動詞表示事物的自然屬性的時候:Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writesThiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物動詞（vi.)

如:happen,takeplace,appear,dissapear,…不用被動語態(tài)的動詞：1.Largenumbersofplasticbags_________(use)inthesupermarketseveryday.2._____ourcountry____(send)upanotherman-madesatellitelastyear?3.Musttheoldpeople___________(speak)topolitely?4.Hergrandmawasstillalivewhenhe_________(take)tothehospital.5.English__________(speak)inmanycounties.areusedDidsendbespokenwastakenisspoken6.Threequartersoftheworld’sbooks____________(write)inEnglish.8.Thiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.10._________Lesson50___________(teach)nextweek?arewrittensellsWillbetaught7.Thepen______(write)well.writes9.Thisbook________(sell)tomeatthepriceof5dollarsyesterday.was

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