新視界大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)第一單元、第三單元教案

UnitoneAnewstart.Introduction(15’)Beforelearningthisunit,I’dliketoaskyoutwoquestions:1.Youareallnewstudentshereandaremeetingmanynewthings.Soourfirstunitisaboutbeingafreshmanorfresher.Sowhatdoyouthinkafreshmanorfresheris?(thefirstyearstudent)2.Whatdoyouthinkthecontentoftheunitwillbe?Whatsortofproblemsnewstudentswillhaveandwhatadvicewillyougivetothem?(asksomestudentstowritedownthepossibleproblemsinthecollegethenasksomeofthemtogiveadviceontheseproblems.)Theunitwillprobablybeabouthowtospendacolorfulandmeaningful,interestingandvaluablecollegelife.Problemsmayoccurlikehowtostudyinthecollegeandhowtomakefriendsinthecollege;howtoarrangeourtimeinthecollegeandwhattolearninthecollegewhethertohaveboyfriendsorgirlfriends.Advice:ifanyproblemsoccur,youcantalkwiththeelderstudentsinthecollegefortheiradvice,askteachersaboutyourdoubtsandhowtocopewiththeproblem;youcanlistyourproblemandsetupaplantosolvethem..Startingpoint:(24’8minutesforthe1stactivityand8minutesforthemtodiscussthequestionsandthen8minutestoasksomeSstoreporttheirdiscussion.)Activitylistenforextrawords:Hereisaratherfunnystoryaboutanewstudent,moneyandhismother.Listentotherecordandmarkalinewhenyouhearanyextrawordsorexpressions.Areyoureadytolistenforextrawords?Playtherecording.TellSstochecktheiranswerswithoneanotherPlaytherecordingagainandaskSstospeakoutasmanyofthemissingwordsaspossible.Activity:checkwithstudentsaboutthemeaningofthegivenwordsandifnecessaryaskstudentstoprovideasamplesentencewithsomeofthewordsormyselfgivethemsomeexamplesentencestoexplaintheusesofthem.Discussion:(remindtheclassthatthepurposeofthevariousdiscussionexercisesistogivethemanopportunitytouseEnglish.Theyshouldtrytomaketheexchangeslastaslongaspossible.Theycanbearinmindthattheyarejustrole-playinganddonotneedtospeaktheexacttruth.)(1)whydidthestudent’smumputthe$1,000chequeinthebackofthebook?Hewillonlyfindthemoneyifhereadsthebookfrombeginningtoend.Itwillberewardifheworkshard.(Somestudentsmaywanttopointouttheriskofitfallingoutandbeinglost,orhisfindingitbychance.Thesearetruepoints,butofcoursethestoryisalight-heartedonetomakeapoint,andnotaserioussuggestion.)(2)Areyouworriedabouthavingenoughmoneywhileatcollege?Yes,IhavealreadyspentmuchmorethanIexpected.(3)Howdoyouthinkyouwillbeabletoresolveanymoneyproblems?IthinkImightneedtofindajobatnight.Imightaskmyuncleforhelp.Heisverykind.Idon’tknow.IwillhavetoeatverysimplefoodifIspendmorethanmybudget.(4)Howwellpreparedareyouforcollegelife?IthoughtIwas,butnowIamhereIamnotsure.Everythingissonew.Iammissingmyfamilyalot.Mymotherdoessomuchforme.ImustchangealotIthinkIamquitewellprepared.Ihavebeentocampsbeforeandlearnttodomanythingsformyself.(5)Iscollegelifewhatyouexpected,orisitverydifferent?It’sabitofboth.ImeanitiswhatIexpected,buteverythinghappenssoquickly,Ihaven’thadtimetostopandthink.Iwasverynervousbeforecoming,butIamreallyenjoyingeverything.Peoplearesofriendlyandhelpful..Activereading:FivethingsIwishI’dknownwhenIstartedcollege.Mainideaofthetext(5’)1.Whatthepassageisabout?Theauthor’sreflectionsabouthiscollegelifeandsomeadvicetothefreshmenofthecollege(Thetitleisclear-itisaboutstartingcollege.ThephotoalsoshowscollegestudentsatVirginiaTech.)2.Whowroteit?Wearenottoldexactlybutfromthetitileweknowitisanex-studentrecallinghiswonfresherdays.3.Whoitwaswrittenfor?It’sprobablyadviceforfreshers.4.Whereyoumightreadit?Perhapsinamagazinefornewstudentsorsomehandoutstohelpthem.5.Whenyoumightreadit?Duringourfirstdayatcollege.Thepassageadvisesstudentstolookafterthemselvesproperly,workhardbutalsohaveplentyoffun.Thesecretofsuccessistohaveabalancedlife.ThepassageiswritteninaninformalAmericanstyle.Theconversationaltonecouldsuitaconfidence-buildingtalkfornewstudentsoralightmagazinearticle.ReadingandUnderstanding:1.Answerthequestionsonpage4(10’)(1).Whatadvantagesdoesuniversityhave,accordingtothewriter?Collegeisthebestplacetobroadenyourhorizonsandthebesttimetomeetpeople,toworkhard,toplaysports,tofallinandoutoflove,tofindoutaboutourgreatbigworld.(2).Whymightastudentsometimesnotknowwhattodo?Therearetoomanypossiblechoices.(3).Howshouldyouorganizeyourtime,accordingtothewriter?Youshouldwritedownwhatyouhavetodoandcalculatehowmuchfreetimeyouhaveandthenplanhowtouseit.(4).Whydidthewriterfeelhehadtomakesomanyfriends?Becausethisisthebesttimeofyourlifetomakefriends,friendswhowillstayfriendsformanyyears.(5).Whyisitgoodtogettherhythmofthedayright?Youwillhaveabalancedlifewithhealth,friendsandsuccessinyourstudies.(6).Howoldwasthewriterwhenhefoundacareer?Latetwenties/nearly30.Languagepointsinthetext.1.relievevt.tomakepainoranotherbadphysicalfeelinglessunpleasant減輕（痛苦或身體不適）Theydecidednottocountonforeignaidtorelievethefamine.Themassagerisdesignedtorelieveyoufrompain.這按摩器是為緩解疼痛而設(shè)計(jì)的。relieved:a.happyandrelaxedbecausesomethingbadhasnothappened,orbecauseabadsituationhasended寬慰的；欣慰的Iwasrelievedtoseethatheseemedalmosthimselfagain.be/feel/look/seemrelieved

extremely/greatly/hugelyrelieved

clearly/obviously/visiblyrelievedYourparentsarereallyproudofyou…relievedtoo,Iguess.(line2,Para1)Whydoestheauthorsaythatyourparentsarerelieved?Becausewhenyouhavegonetocollegeyourparentsthinkit’stimethatyouhavegotmatureandtheynolongerneedtoworrywhattheirchildwilldoafterleavingschool,andwillhopethatagoodeducationwillleadtoasuccessfullife.2.Broadenyourhorizons:acommonidiomforgainingexperienceoflifeoutsideone’sownsmallworld.Fallinandoutoflove:Amongyoungadultschangesinboyfriendsandgirlfriendsareratherfrequent.horizonn.(the～)地平線Thefirstsignsofthedawnappearsonthehorizon.黎明的曙光出現(xiàn)在地平線上。3.Butfacedwithsomuchchoice,isitsurprisingthatyousometimesdon’tknowwhattodo?(Line1,Para3)Choiceisusuallyseenasgood,butheretoomuchchoiceisseenasapossibleproblem.Facedwith:usedofdifficulties,badnews,problemsetc.Bothactiveandpassivearepossible.e.g.Wefacedifficultiesandarefacedwiththem.4.Lookingbackatmycollegeyears,IwishIhadknownabout…(Line3,Para3)Participlesasadverbials:分詞作狀語(yǔ)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、理由、條件、讓步、連續(xù)等，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。________backonmychildhood,Iamconvincedthatnaturalistsarebornandnotmade.(look)(June.1992,CET-4)_______beenignoredformanyyears,thewritersuddenlybecamefamous.(have)(Jan.1992,CET-4)5.assignmentn.[C,U]workthatyoumustdoaspartofacourseofstudyoraspartofyourjob作業(yè)；分派的任務(wù)Haditnotbeenforyourlaziness,youcouldhavefinishedtheassignmentbynow.(Jan.1993,CET-4)

special/important/dangerous/written/readingassignment

accept/takeon/give/handout/completeassignment6.calculatevt.todiscoveranumberoramountusingmathematicsorwithapieceofequipmentsuchasacalculator計(jì)算；核算Thecomputerwillcalculatethebestroute,andreservespaceforthecarallthewaytothecorrectexitfromthehighway.(Jan.2002,CET-4)計(jì)算機(jī)會(huì)計(jì)算出最佳路線，并會(huì)在正確的高速路出口前提前通知為汽車預(yù)留空間。

accurately/exactly/calculate

calculateaccordingto/at7.assurevt.(～sbofsth;～sbthat)totellsomeonethatsomethingwilldefinitelyhappenorisdefinitelytrue,especiallyinordertoremovedoubtaboutit向（某人）保證；使確信Iassureyouofthesuccessoftheproject.=Iassureyouthattheprojectwillsucceed.我向你保證這個(gè)項(xiàng)目會(huì)成功。Heassuredusofhisabilitytowork.他向我們保證他有能力工作。Thewordassurecanbereplacedbytheexpressionsinthebox.Chooseaproperletterforeachsentence.(1)Excellentreviews(評(píng)論)haveassuredthefilm’ssuccess.(2)Ifoundhertoberelaxedandassured(自信).(3)Herdoctorhasassuredusthatshe’llbefine.(4)Whatshesaidwastrue,Icanassureyou.(5)ThereisnotmuchmoreIcansaytoassureyou.A.reassurev.使…安心,再保證,重拾(信心等)Thepolicereassuredheraboutthechild'ssafety.v.警察讓她放心，她的孩子很安全。B.ensureC.self-assured(1)B(2)C(3)A(4)A(5)BIcanassureyou,thefirsttimeyoudothemath,you’llgetitwrong.Whatdoes“themath”referto?Whywillstudentsgetitwrong?Itreferstothecalculationsabouthowmuchfreetimetheywillhave.Theywillprobablythinktheycandothingsmorequicklythantheyactuallycan.Theywillalsoforgetthingstheymustdo.HopeyourprofessorisOKwiththat!(Line2,Para6)Atfirstyouthinkyouhavetimetodomanyactivities,butactuallyyoudonot.Soyourworkwillbelate.Thewriterhopesthecollegeteacherwon’tbeangrywithit.8.likelyYoungadultsratherthanolderpeoplearemorelikelytopreferpopsongs.(June.1996,CET-4)年輕人更有可能喜歡流行歌曲，而不是老年人。9.SowhydidImakesomanyfriendsinthefirstsemesterandspendfivesemestersunmakingthem?Thespeakermadealotoffriendsatfirstbecausehelackedconfidenceandworriedaboutnotbeingloved,butafterwardslostthembecausehefounduniversitylifewasnotmiserableandprobablybecausehedidn’thavemuchtimetospendwiththem.unmake:Thewordmightbeusedoflawsorareputationbutsoundsalittleusedoffriends,whomwemoreusuallylose.Buttheexpressionsuitsthehumoroustoneofthepassage.10.lackEinsteincannotbefaultedforlackofboldness.愛因斯坦決不會(huì)因?yàn)椴粔虼竽懚艿截?zé)備。by/from/for/throughlackof

profound/serious/severelackof

complete/sheer/totallackof

really/completely/entirelylack11.confidence搭配：absolute/complete/full/totalconfidence

gain/command/create/develop/encourage/generateconfidence

confidencedecreases/grows/increases/rises/return

acrisisofconfidence

haveevery/little/no/someconfidence

alackof/alossofconfidence12.scarescaresomeonesilly/stiff/todeath

scaresomeoneinto/withscaredat/about/of

scaredstiff/todeath13.inadequateconsider/find/judge/thinksthinadequate

inadequateat/for/to

be/feel/seeminadequate

personally/professionallyinadequate

deeply/dreadfully/hopelesslyinadequate14.IwishI’dknownthatit’sfairlydifficulttobetrulymiserableatcollege…Iwish+pastperfect:在wish,if,ifonly,wouldrather的后面，過去完成時(shí)表示實(shí)際沒有發(fā)生的過去動(dòng)作或事情。IwishIhad_________myselftheluxuryofwatchingtheworldthroughmylittlegirl’seyes.(allow)allowed(June.1999,CET-4)TranslatethesentenceintoEnglish.如果我小時(shí)候能上大學(xué)，我會(huì)學(xué)醫(yī)。IfIhadgonetouniversitywhenIwasyoung,Iwouldhavestudiedmedicine.15.betHetoldmewhichhorsetobeton.他告訴我該對(duì)哪匹賽馬下注。have/make/place/putbet

accept/take/win/losebet

dosth.forabet

good/safe/sure/fair/outsidebet16.(Althoughcheckyourpersonalfreshness,youknowwhatImean.)Ifyoudonotmakefriendsperhapsitisbecauseyouoryourclothesarenotcleanenoughandyousmellsweaty.Thewriterisbeinghumorous.YouknowwhatImean:anexpressionusedwhenonedoesnotwanttogointodetailsastheyareembarrassing.17.Gettherhythmofyourdayright.(Line1,Para11)Onewayinwhichmusicismadeisbychangingthespeedofthenotes.Lifeisthesame.Yourdailylifeneedsamixtureofdifferentactivities.18.seminarItgrewoutofaseminarfirstgivenatHarvard.它最初出現(xiàn)在哈佛大學(xué)的一個(gè)研討班上。Ihavetowriteanessayfornextweek'sseminar．我要為下周的討論會(huì)寫一篇文章。Doingsuchphysicalexercisesthreetimesormoreaweekwillproduceconsiderableimprovementsinphysicalhealthinaboutthreemonths每周做三次以上這樣的健身，三個(gè)月內(nèi)，身體健康會(huì)有明顯改善。19.…andmaybeevenfindsomequiettimeforyourself.(Line6,Para11)Quiettimeforyourself:timespentalongdoingsomethingyoulike,eg,listeningtomusic,reading,walkingintheparketc.20.crucialThisshouldbetheaimoverthenextdecade,itiscrucialtooursurvival.這應(yīng)該成為今后十年的奮斗目標(biāo)，它關(guān)系到我們的生死存亡。consider/deem/regardsthascrucialcrucialfor/tobe/prove/become/remaincrucialreally/absolutely/hardly/fairly/obviouslycrucial21.Heneglectedtorepairmybicycle.22.…Iconfessitwasn’tuntilmylatetwentiesthatIfinallyfoundmytruepathinlife.(Line3,Para13)IfinallyknewwhatIwantedtodountilIwasabout28or29.Latetwenties:Thedecadesofourlivesaredividedintoearly,midandlate.E.g.earlyteens(13/14);mindtwenties(25/26);latethirties(38/39)1.“…until”意為“直到······為止”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“做某事直至某時(shí)”，動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。2.“not…until”意為“直到······才”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“直至某時(shí)才做某事”，動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以。TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.直到那時(shí)他才意識(shí)到這個(gè)問題的重要性。Notuntilthendidherealizetheimportanceoftheproblem.2.直到1972年我們才開始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。Itwasnotuntil1972thatwebeganstudyingEnglish.Themaninthecornerconfessedtohavingtoldalietothemanagerofthecompany.角落里那個(gè)男人承認(rèn)自己對(duì)公司經(jīng)理撒了謊。confesscrime/lie/unfaithfulness/sinsmust/havetoconfessconfesstosomeone(that)confesstodoingsth.24.Butdon’tletyourambitionfrustrateyou.(Line2,Para14)Donotletaplanforthefuturecontrolthepresentcompletely.Youmaychangeyourmindandhavewastedalot.Hewhowouldsearchforpearls,mustdivedeep.采珍珠的人必須潛入深海。25.…shiveringontheedgeoflife,butbydivingintoapool…(Line5,Para15)Themetaphorisofsomeoneonacolddaystandingbysomewaterandfeelingcold,butafraidtojumpin.Butwhentheyjumpinandstartswimmingtheycanwarmupandenjoythemselves.Readingandinterpreting:(stylisticfeaturesofthepassage)Figureoutthestylistictechniquethewriterisusing.Answerthequestionsaboutthetext.(Interpretingtheimpliedmeaningofsomedifficultsentences.)Developingcriticalthinking1.Whatdoyouhopetoachievebytheendofyouruniversityyears?2.Howdoyouthinkuniversitylifewillchangeyouasaperson?3.Doyouthinkyoushouldmakefriendsbasedonhowtheymighthelpyoulaterinlife,orhowwellyougetonwiththemnow?4.Shouldyourprofessorsonlylookafteryourstudies,orshouldtheyalsolookafteryou?Unit3ActiveReadingPityforaStrangerLanguageinuse:1.ThelittlemancameuptomeasIwasabouttoenterthetelephoneboxandaskedmewhetherIhadamatch.(Line1,Para1)Strictlytheindefinitearticle(aoran)shouldbeusedforthefirstreference,butauthorsseektomakefictionalstoriesmorerealinmanyways.Heretheuseofthedefinitearticle(the)in“thelittleman”and“thetelephonebox”drawsusintothestoryasifthesecharactersareknowntous.telephonebox(公用電話亭)NotsolongagoinBritainonecouldmaketelephonecallsfrompublictelephoneboxes.Asetoflocaltelephonedirectorieswasprovidedforlookingupnumbersinthearea(freecopieswerealsodeliveredannuallytotelephonesubscribers).Onepaidforcallswithcoins.Newtechnologyandenvironmentalconcernshavechangedallthis.Publictelephonesarefarlesscommon,telephonenumberscanbeaccessedontheInternet,andcallsarepaidforwithphoneorcreditcards.2．IwatchedhimwalkslowlydownthestreetbeforeIpickedup…(Line2,Para3)Someofthedetailscanbereadintwoways.Wecanthinkthemanwalksslowlybecauseheissadornotsurewheretogo.Lateronwecandecidehespendsalotoftimeonthatstreetgettingmoneywithhisfalsestorysoitisnaturalhewalksslowlyplanninghisnextmove.3．insertinsertsthintoinsertininsertbetweensth4.Swearingslightlyundermybreath,…(Line1,Para6)Studentshavemetthemeaning“faithfullypromise”ofthewordswear;hereswearmeans“tousebadlanguageortaboowords”.Asthemanisonlyswearingslightly,sohemightbesayingsomethinglike“drat”or“damn”.5．emergevi.(~from)tocomeoutofsomethingoroutfrombehindsomething出現(xiàn)；露出Thedoorsopenedandpeoplebegantoemergeintothestreet.門開了，人們紛紛涌上街頭。Thesunemergedfrombehindtheclouds.太陽(yáng)從云層后露了出來。6.Asheraisedhishatagain,Icouldseehewasquitebald.Athinline,resemblingaduellingscar,crossedonecheek.(Line4,Para6)Theforeignerbehavesinanold-fashioned,formalandpoliteway.Notealsothelanguageheuseslateron“Excusemytroublingyou”,“MayIwalkalongwithyou…confide…”.Earlierduelswerefoughtwithrapiers(一種輕巧細(xì)長(zhǎng)的劍),veryfineswordsusedinmodernfencingorbyZorro(佐羅，是一位虛構(gòu)的西班牙超級(jí)英雄)inthefilmsofthatname.Theywouldcreateveryfinescars.resemblevt.(neverpassive)tobesimilartosomeoneorsomething,especiallyinappearance（尤指外表上）像，類似，與……相似Shemayresembleherfatherfacially,butinotherrespectsshe'snotatalllikehim.她臉長(zhǎng)得像她父親,不過其他方面一點(diǎn)也不像。closely/faintly/strongly/vaguelyresemble7．combinationn.[C]somethingthatcombinesseveralthings組合體；混合體Shehastherightcombinationoflooksandtalenttobecomeasuperstar.她兼具成為巨星所需的美貌與才華。combinationconstruction混合構(gòu)造

combinationbudget混合預(yù)算

combinationjuice什錦果汁8．Consciousa.(~of)noticingthatsomethingexistsorishappeningandrealizingthatitisimportant意識(shí)到的；注意到的Hewasconsciousofthefactthateveryonewaswaitingforhim.Weareconsciousthatsomepeoplemaynotwishtoworkatnight.consciousaction自覺動(dòng)作consciousmind意識(shí)consciousactivity自覺的能動(dòng)性9．a(chǎn)ccentAlexspokePortuguesewithaBrazilianaccent.亞歷克斯講的葡萄牙語(yǔ)帶有巴西口音。HehaddevelopedaslightAmericanaccent.他學(xué)上了一點(diǎn)兒美國(guó)口音。10．charactern.[C]apersonofaparticulartype（某種）人Zidaneisoneoftheworld’sfamoussportscharacters.齊達(dá)內(nèi)是世界著名的球員之一。shady/suspiciouscharacter可疑的人n.[C](ususing)thequalitiesthatmakeupsomeone’spersonality（人的）個(gè)性，品格，性格Sportshelptotrainaperson'scharacter.運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于鍛煉人們的性格。Hiscoldcharacterwasmoldedbyhardship.艱難困苦鍛煉了他那冷酷的性格。n.[C]apersoninabook,play,filmetc（書、戲劇、電影等的）人物，角色Dr.WatsonisacharacterintheSherlockHolmesstories.華生醫(yī)生是福爾摩斯探案故事中的一個(gè)人物。11．a(chǎn)ppealn.[C](~for)anurgentrequestforpeopletogiveyousomethingyouneedsuchashelp,money,orinformation懇請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；呼吁Hedoesn'tseemtobeawareofthecoldnessoftheirattitudetowardshisappeal.他好象沒有意識(shí)到大家對(duì)他的呼吁態(tài)度冷淡。Millionsofpeoplegavefreelyinresponsetothefamineappeal.千百萬人慷慨解囊，響應(yīng)救災(zāi)呼吁。12．somehowad.forsomereasonthatyoudonotknoworcannotexplain由于某種未知的原因；不知怎么地Everythingisoutofsorts,somehow.不知怎么的，一切都亂了套。Hecouldhavefinisheditonschedule,butsomehowhefellbehind.他原本能按預(yù)定進(jìn)度做完這件事的，但不知怎地卻落后了。ad.insomewayorbysomemethodthatyoudonotknoworunderstandexactly以某種方法；不知怎么地Alltheseactivitiesgavehimafullschedule,butsomehowhemanaged所有這些事兒夠他忙的，不知道他是怎么撐下來的。HesomehowgothimselftoGermanyintheroleofaneducator.他想方設(shè)法以一個(gè)教育者的身份去了德國(guó)。13．impressionn.[C]anopinionorfeelingyouhaveaboutsomeoneorsomethingyouhaveseenbutdonotknowverywell印象；感想

firstimpression第一印象

deepimpression深刻印象

generalimpression大體印象14．organizationn.[C]agroupofpeoplewhohaveaparticularsharedpurposeorinterest組織；機(jī)構(gòu)

organizationofworkers勞工組織

voluntaryorganization志愿組織

aidorganization援助機(jī)構(gòu)15．complainv.tosaythatyouarenotsatisfiedwithsomething抱怨；發(fā)牢騷；投訴Manypeoplecomplainoftherapidpaceofmodernlife.(Jun.1991,CET-4)5.Ifelthalfinclinedtolethimhaveafewpoundsonthechancethathewastellingthetruth,butIwasrathershortofreadycashanyhow,…(Line3,Para15)Ialmostwante