閱讀理解-【新課標(biāo)新高考】2022屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)模擬提升練

（1）閱讀理解一一2022屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)模擬提升練（2021?湖南衡陽?二模）SummerPre-CollegeProgram2021—RegisterNow!Earnupto12collegecreditsonlinewithFDU/sSummerPre-CollegeProgram!FairleighDickinsonUniversity'sSummerPre-CollegeProgramoffersmotivatedstudentsingrades9to12theopportunitytogetajump-startonearningcollegecreditsthroughnew,engaging,interactivecourses.Studentswilldevelopin-demandskillsandearncutting-edgetechniquesinavirtualacademicsetting.ProgramhighlightsOurcourseshavebeendesignedtokeepstudentsengagedinaremotelearningformat.Registertodaytoexperience:Theopportunitytoearn3collegecreditspercourseandupto12collegecreditsthissummerforfutureuniversitystudies.Customized,exclusivecurriculumdevelopedandtaughtbydistinguishedFDUprofessors.Theperfectblendofreal-timeinstruction,self-pacedprojectsandvirtualteamwork.Aglimpseintothemostdesiredmajorsandcareersoftoday.Theabilitytoadvancethequalityofyourcollegeapplicationfromthecomfortofyourhome.ProgramscheduleSession1-July5toJuly15,2021Classes:9AMto12:30PMPre-MedicalProfessionsandtheHealthSciencesCreativeWriting:ThePowerofStorytellingIntroductiontoDataScienceandBusinessIntelligenceClasses:1:30PMto5PMOptimizingSmartphonePhotographyandVideographySession2-August1toAugust11,2021Classes:9AMto12:30PMWallStreetCareers:AnIntroductiontoFinancialMarketsandTradingAstrophysics:ExploringtheStarsandtheGalaxiesAroundtheWorldinEightDays:IntroductiontoGlobalTourismManagementClasses:1:30PMto5PMAdvancedCodingandDevelopmentWhat'stheauthor'sattitudetotheancientwaysofdealingwithElNino?A.Approving.B.Indifferent.C.Critical.D.Negative.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Surviving日NinoB.Livingwith日NiKoC.FarminginDifferentTimesD.LearningfromHistory參考答案答案：1.A2.C3.C解析：本文是應(yīng)用文，是一那么暑假線上學(xué)習(xí)課程的促銷廣告。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段“FairleighDickinsonUniversity'sSummerPre-CollegeProgramoffersmotivatedstudentsingrades9to12theopportunitytogetajump-startonearningcollegecreditsthroughnew,engaging,interactivecourses」費(fèi)爾雷?迪金森大學(xué)的暑期大學(xué)預(yù)科工程為9.12年級(jí)的積極學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，通過新的、吸引人的、互動(dòng)的課程來獲得大學(xué)學(xué)分）〃可知，這個(gè)課程主要是針對(duì)9至12年級(jí)，準(zhǔn)備上大學(xué)的高中生。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一自然段“Studentswilldevelopin-demandskillsandlearncutting-edgetechniquesinavirtualacademicsetting.（學(xué)生將在虛擬的學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境中開展所需的技能和學(xué)習(xí)前沿技術(shù)）”和第二自然段〃Ourcourseshavebeendesignedtokeepstudentsengagedinaremoteleaningformat.俄們的課程是為了讓學(xué)生參與遠(yuǎn)程學(xué)習(xí)而設(shè)計(jì)的）〃可推知，所有課程都是線上教學(xué)課程。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)ProgramCost局部“$770percourse（Youcanget20%discountifyoubooknow!）（每門課程$770,如果您現(xiàn)在預(yù)訂，可以享受8折優(yōu)惠!）〃可知，一門課程的學(xué)費(fèi)是770美元，現(xiàn)在預(yù)訂可打8折，兩門課程就是：770x2x0.8=1232美元。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。二、答案：4.B5.D6.A7.B解析：這是一篇記敘文。講述了10歲的塞拉在父親的陪同下，借助一些特殊設(shè)備和繩索的保護(hù)，在爬了5天的高墻后，于6月12日登上了埃爾卡皮坦山頂?shù)墓适隆?細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句話“Herparents,MikeandJoySchneiter,fellinloveonthis3,000-plus-foothugerockandshehasalwayswantedtofeelthewaythatherparentsfeltwhentheywereuptheretogether//（她的父母，邁克和喬伊?施耐特，在這塊3000多英尺高的巨石上相愛，她一直想感受她的父母一起在那里時(shí)的感受。）可知，Selah從她的家族史中受到啟發(fā)。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句"ElCapitananditsdifficultNoseroute,whichrunsmorethan3,000feethighupthecenteroftherock'sface,isconsideredoneoftheworld'shardestbigwallclimbsandhasattractedthebestclimbersovertime.Butneverbeforehadayoungsteraccomplishedit.〃（埃爾卡皮坦和它艱難的鼻子路線，在巖石外表的中心超過3000英尺高，被認(rèn)為是世界上最難爬的高墻之一，長期以來吸引了最好的攀巖者。但在此之前，從來沒有一個(gè)年輕人能做到這一點(diǎn)。）可知，攀登埃爾卡皮坦是十分艱難的。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的后兩句"TherewereafewtimeswhenIwouldbesowornthatitwouldkindofdiscouragemefromholdingon.Butoverall,itwasjustgreattokeeppluggingaway.〃（有幾次，我太疲憊了，以至于我都不敢堅(jiān)持下去了。但總的來說，堅(jiān)持下去是很棒的。）可知，Selah是下定決心的。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句"Itdoesn'ttakenecessarilyasuperspecialpersontodosomethinglikethat.Youjusthavetoputyourmindtoit."（做這樣的事并不一定需要一個(gè)特別的人。你只需要用心去做。）可知，Selah對(duì)年輕人的建議是忠誠于自己的雄心抱負(fù)。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。三、答案：8.A9.CIO.All.C解析：這是一篇說明文。當(dāng)人們?cè)诨卮鹣铝袉栴}前稍做停頓時(shí)，即使只有幾秒鐘，他們的回答也會(huì)被認(rèn)為不如立即回答來得真誠和可信。猶豫的時(shí)間越長，回應(yīng)就顯得越不真誠。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Acrossall14experiments,participantsconsistentlyrateddelayedresponsesaslesssincereregardlessofthequestion.（在所有的14個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者——致認(rèn)為不管問題是什么，延遲的回答都不夠真誠）〃可知，答案的可靠性取決于響應(yīng)時(shí)間。故選Ao.詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第三段第三句和第四句"Theseresultscanbeappliedtoawiderangeofinteractions,goingfromworkplacechatstocouplesandfriendsarguing.Further,injobinterviewsandincourthearingsandtrials,peopleareoftentaskedwithjudgmentsofsincerity.（這些結(jié)果可以應(yīng)用于廣泛的互動(dòng)，從工作聊天到夫妻和朋友之間的爭吵。此外，在工作面試、法庭聽證和審判中，人們經(jīng)常被要求做出真誠的判斷）”可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)有廣泛的含義。由此推知，劃線詞connotations意為"含義〃。應(yīng)選C。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Nevertheless,onthewhole,afastresponseseemstoberegardedasmoresincere,whilearesponsethatisdelayedforevenacoupleofsecondsmaybeconsideredaslowlie.（然而，總的來說，一個(gè)快速的反響似乎被認(rèn)為是更真誠的，而一個(gè)反響延遲甚至幾秒鐘可能被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)緩慢的謊言）〃可知，這個(gè)研究的結(jié)果在我們生活中的影響是這是一種判斷老實(shí)與否的考驗(yàn)。應(yīng)選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Itwouldbeunfairfortheresponder,suchasacrimesuspect,iftheresponsedelaywassortedbymistakeintothoughtcontroloranswermakingupwhenitwasinfactcausedbyadifferentfactor,suchassimplybeingdistractedorthoughtful.（$□果把反響延遲誤歸為思想控制或編造答案，而實(shí)際上是由于其他原因，如分心或考慮太多，這對(duì)應(yīng)答者來說是不公平的，比方犯罪嫌疑人）〃可知，延遲的回答會(huì)導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤的判斷。應(yīng)選Co四、答案：12.C13.B14.A15.C解析：本文是說明文。文章介紹了一些魔術(shù)師表演的細(xì)節(jié)以及有關(guān)魔術(shù)的小技巧。.目的意圖題。通過對(duì)文章主旨大意的理解以及文章最后兩端講述的魔術(shù)技巧，可知作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是解釋魔法的藝術(shù)。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過第二段〃theuseofpsychologyisimportant.（心理學(xué)的應(yīng)用是很重要的）〃以及“Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticingallthemovementsofhishandsandfromthinkingaboutthesecretpartsofhisequipment.（魔術(shù)師必須防止人們注意到他的手的所有動(dòng)作和思考他的設(shè)備的秘密局部。）〃可知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)于觀眾注意力的引導(dǎo)是很重要。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。通過倒數(shù)第二段"Forexamplethemagicianputsasmallballunderoneofseveralcups.Theballthenseemstojumpfromonecuptoanotherortochangecolour.（例如,魔術(shù)師把一個(gè)小球放在幾個(gè)杯子中的一個(gè)下面。然后球似乎從一個(gè)杯子跳到另一個(gè)杯子或改變顏色）”以及最后一段"Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagicianmakesthecutorburnedobjectdisappearbyquicklyhidingitwhiletheaudiencewatchessomethingelse.（實(shí)際發(fā)生的是，魔術(shù)師通過在觀眾觀看其他東西時(shí)迅速隱藏它，使被切割或燒毀的物體消失）〃可以推知，在文章最后兩段中，作者舉了兩個(gè)例子。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。.推理判斷題。通過文章第一段"Themagicianisaspeciallytrainedactor.（魔術(shù)師是受過專門訓(xùn)練的演員）〃可推知，表演魔術(shù)需要練習(xí)。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。五、答案：16.A17.C18.C19.B解析：這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了家常菜在移民的生活中的核心作用、特點(diǎn)和一位著名的家庭廚師，說明家常菜給餐桌帶來更多樂趣。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"ItfeaturesstoriesoffamouscookslikeMartinYanandhomecookswhosefoodrepresentsl8differentregionalcookingstylesofChina.（它講述了著名廚師的故事，如閻馬丁和家庭廚師，他們的食物代表了中國18種不同的地方烹飪風(fēng)格）〃可知，新博物館的展覽主要是關(guān)于中國食物和廚師的故事。應(yīng)選A。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Thekitchenitselfiskindofacomfortwhenyoucometoanewcountry.（當(dāng)你來到一個(gè)新的國家，廚房本身就是一種撫慰）"和第二句"That勺theoneplacewhereyousetupasyourhomebase,andyoucookthingsthatyourememberfromyourpast（那是你把它作為你的大本營的地方，你烹飪的東西都是你從過去的記憶中得來的）”可知，廚房在許多移民的生活中起著關(guān)鍵作用是因?yàn)樗鼛硪环N歸屬感。應(yīng)選Co.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段倒第三句"Shelearnedsomeofhertechniquesfromherfather,whomademostofherfamily'smealswhenshewasachild.（她從父親那里學(xué)到了一些技巧，父親在她小時(shí)候做了家里的大局部飯菜）〃可知，她向她父親學(xué)習(xí)了烹飪。應(yīng)選或.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"That'swhythecuratorssayifyouwanttotastethefullrangeofChinesecuisineintheU.S,you'llneedtogobeyondrestaurantsandintohomekitchens,whichcanplayacentralroleinmanyimmigrants」ives.（這就是為什么館長們說,如果你想在美國品嘗全方位的中國菜，你需要超越餐館，進(jìn)入家庭廚房，而家庭廚房在許多移民的生活中起著核心作用。這就是為什么館長們說，如果你想在美國品嘗全方位的中國菜，你需要超越餐館，進(jìn)入家庭廚房，而家庭廚房在許多移民的生活中起著核心作用）〃且文中介紹了家常菜在移民的生活中的核心作用和一位著名的家庭廚師可知，文章主要是講家常菜給餐桌帶來更多樂趣。應(yīng)選Bo六、答案：20.D21.C22.C23.D解析：本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于聽到最喜愛的音樂會(huì)讓人"皮膚興奮"并產(chǎn)生寒意的相關(guān)研究，解釋了這背后的原因以及對(duì)音樂有不同反響可以反響人的性格特點(diǎn)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"It'ssuchathingthatagroupofscientistscall/zskinexcitement"—afeelingofcoldcausednotbyadropintemperatureorsuddenscare,butbythesenseofbeauty.zzSkinexcitement“cancomefromasong,apainting,amovingmoviescene,orevenabelovedmemory-prettymuchanythingthatcausesthegivingoutofpleasure-soakeddopamineinyourbrain.（一組科學(xué)家稱這種現(xiàn)象為〃皮膚興奮〃——不是因?yàn)闇囟认陆祷蛲蝗坏目謶侄a(chǎn)生的寒冷感覺，而是因?yàn)槊篮?。〃皮膚興奮〃可以來自一首歌、一幅畫、一個(gè)感人的電影場景，甚至是一段心愛的回憶一一幾乎任何能讓你大腦中充滿愉悅的多巴胺釋放出來的東西）〃可知，〃皮膚興奮〃在本文中是指人體對(duì)美好事物的一種反響。應(yīng)選D。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InanewstudypublishedinthejournalSocialCognitiveandAffectiveNeuroscience,Harvardresearchersperformedbrainscanson10studentswhosaidtheyreliablygotcoldwhenlisteningtomusic,and10studentswhodidn't.Theyfoundthatthecold-pronebrainsmayreallybeexcitedbystrongeremotions.（在——項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《社會(huì)認(rèn)知與‘情感神經(jīng)科學(xué)》雜志上的新研究中，哈佛大學(xué)的研究人員對(duì)10名學(xué)生進(jìn)行了腦部掃描，這些學(xué)生說他們?cè)诼犚魳窌r(shí)確實(shí)感到寒冷，而另外10名學(xué)生沒有。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，容易發(fā)冷的大腦可能真的會(huì)被更強(qiáng)烈的情緒激發(fā)）〃可知，這項(xiàng)新研究的成果主要是發(fā)現(xiàn)了容易發(fā)冷的大腦和不發(fā)冷大腦的區(qū)別。應(yīng)選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Cold-pronebrainsaregenerallymorelikelytoshowstrongeremotionalintelligencethanno-coldbrains.Cold-pronemindstendtohaveunusualactiveimagination,reflectmoredeeplyontheiremotions,andappreciatenatureandthebeautyofmusicandarttoastrongerdegreethanno-coldbrains.（容易發(fā)冷的大腦通常比不感冒的大腦更有可能表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的情商。與不發(fā)冷的大腦相比，容易發(fā)冷的大腦往往具有異?；钴S的想象力，對(duì)情感的反思更深刻，對(duì)自然、音樂和藝術(shù)的欣賞程度更強(qiáng)）”可推斷，大腦容易發(fā)冷的人情商較高，善解人意，且想象力豐富，對(duì)自然、音樂和藝術(shù)美的感覺是敏銳的。應(yīng)選C。23.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Whenyouhearthebeginningofyourfavoritesongfromtheradio,suddenlyyourneckiscoveredingoosebumps.（當(dāng)你從收音機(jī)里聽到你最喜歡的歌曲開始時(shí)，你的脖子突然起了雞皮疙瘩）〃結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于聽到最喜愛的音樂會(huì)讓人〃皮膚興奮〃并產(chǎn)生寒意的相關(guān)研究，解釋了這背后的原因以及對(duì)音樂有不同反響可以反響人的性格特點(diǎn)。故D選項(xiàng)〃最喜歡的音樂會(huì)讓你起雞皮疙瘩〃最符合文章標(biāo)題。應(yīng)選D。七、答案：24.A25.D26.A27.B解析：這是一篇說明文。在最近發(fā)表的一篇論文中,利馬太平洋大學(xué)的考古學(xué)家AriCaramanica展示了過去的農(nóng)民是如何做到利用厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象來幫助農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的。文章介紹了這一研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句"Thisphenomenon,ElNino（厄爾尼諾）,createsstormsthatcausedevastatingfloods.（這種現(xiàn)象，厄爾尼諾，制造風(fēng)暴造成毀滅性的洪水）〃可知，B項(xiàng)Itisusuallycausedbyfloods」厄爾尼諾是由洪水造成的）錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句“In2017,forinstance,ElNinoshutdownnorthernPeru'ssugar-canebusiness.（例如，2017年,厄爾尼諾關(guān)閉了秘魯北部的甘蔗業(yè)務(wù)）”可知,C項(xiàng)IthasIttleinfluenceonbusiness.（厄爾尼諾只對(duì)商業(yè)造成了一點(diǎn)影響）錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)文章第六段"Thesefindingssuggestthat,ratherthanresistingElNino,earlyfarmersinPampadeMocanwerereadytomakeuseofitwhenitarrived.（這些發(fā)現(xiàn)說明，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)民并沒有抵抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來時(shí)準(zhǔn)備利用它）〃可知,D項(xiàng)Itisalwaysresistedasadisaster.（它總是作為一種災(zāi)難而被抵抗）不準(zhǔn)確,同時(shí)證明A.Itcanbeusedinfarming.（厄爾尼諾可以用于農(nóng)業(yè)）是正確的。應(yīng)選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“DrCaramanicaandhercolleagueshavebeenstudyingthePampadeMocan,acoastaldesertplaininnorthernPeru.PampadeMocanisnotidealforfarming.Itssoilcontainslittleorganicmatterandtheannualrainfallinnon-Ninoyearsisusuallylessthantwocentimetres.Today'sfarmersthereforedependoncanalstocarrywaterfromlocalriverstotheirfields.（卡拉馬尼卡博士和她的同事一直在研究秘魯北部沿海沙漠平原潘帕德莫坎。潘帕德莫坎不是理想的農(nóng)業(yè)用地。土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量低，年降雨量在非厄爾尼諾年通常不到兩厘米。因此，今天的農(nóng)民依靠運(yùn)河從當(dāng)?shù)氐暮恿靼阉斔偷剿麄兊霓r(nóng)田）〃以及第四段“Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure（基石出設(shè)施）ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNino-generatedfloodwater.（這個(gè)地區(qū)建立了大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施似乎只為了管理Nino-generated洪水）〃可知，農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施使莫坎潘帕的農(nóng)場生產(chǎn)更多產(chǎn)。應(yīng)選Do.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的"Aroundaquarteroftheancientagriculturalinfrastructure（基而出設(shè)施）ofthisareaseemstohavebeenbuiltonlyformanagingNino-generatedfloodwater.（這個(gè)地區(qū)的大約四分之一的古代農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施似乎只為了管理Nino-generated洪水建立的）〃第五段“EvidencerevealsthatPampadeMocanproducedlotsofcropsinsomeyears.DrCaramanica/steamalsodiscoveredtwocisterns（蓄水池）inthearea.These,possibly,wereusedtostorefloodwater.（證據(jù)說明，莫坎農(nóng)場在幾年內(nèi)生產(chǎn)了很多作物?？ɡ岵觳┦康膱F(tuán)隊(duì)還在該地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)蓄水池。這些，可能是用來儲(chǔ)存洪水的）〃可以看出，潘帕德莫坎的早期農(nóng)民并沒有抵抗厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，而是在它到來時(shí)準(zhǔn)備利用它。修建了諸如運(yùn)河、蓄水池等農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)施，方法確實(shí)是有效地。因此推斷作者對(duì)于古代處理厄爾尼諾的方法是支持的。A.Approving贊同的；B.Indifferent冷漠的；C.Critical批判的；D.Negative消極的。應(yīng)選A。.主旨大意題。本文第三、四、五段介紹了古代農(nóng)民是如何厄爾尼諾的，涉及到了與厄爾尼諾共生存這一-方面，并號(hào)召現(xiàn)代農(nóng)民向他們學(xué)習(xí)。A.Surviving日Nin。經(jīng)歷厄爾尼諾幸存下來；B.LivingwithElNino與厄爾尼諾共同生存；C.FarminginDifferentTimes不同時(shí)期的農(nóng)業(yè);D.LearningfromHistory從歷史中學(xué)習(xí)。因此推斷B項(xiàng)為最正確答案。應(yīng)選B。IntroductiontoMaterialsScienceandEngineeringIntroductiontoAppliedStatisticsDrugDiscovery:TheExcitingFutureofPharmacologyCognitivePsychology:UnderstandingtheMind,theBrainandYourBehaviorDigitalArt:CreateYourOwnOnlineCanvasProgramCost:$770percourse(Youcangeta20%discountifyoubooknow!)ContactInformationSummerPre-CollegeProgramprecollege@1000RiverRoad,H-DH1-02Teaneck,NJ07666Whoarethecoursesintendedfor?A.Highschoolstudents.B.Collegegraduates.C.Collegefreshmen.D.Primaryschoolpupils.WhatcanyouinferabouttheSummerPre-CollegeProgram?A.Itoffershands-onlearningchances.B.Astudentcanearn15collegecredits.C.Allthecoursesaregivenonline.D.Studentsmuststayonthecampus.Howmuchwillyoupayifyoubooktwocoursesnow?A.$308,B.$770,C.$1232.D.$1540二、(2021?山東萊州?高二期末)Accompaniedbyherfather,usingacombinationofaidandfreeclimbingandtakingadvantageofsomespecialequipmentandropesforprotection,10-year-oldSelahmadeittothetopofElCapitanonJune12afterfivedaysofbigwallclimbing.ClimbingthechallengingandadventurousNoserouteofElCapitanwasalaborofloveforSelahinmorethanoneway.Herparents,MikeandJoySchneiter,fellinloveonthis3,000-plus-foothugerockandshehasalwayswantedtofeelthewaythatherparentsfeltwhentheywereuptheretogether.Selahshowedgreatinterestinrockclimbingatanearlyage.Sheworeherfirstrock-climbingequipmentshortlyaftershelearnedtowalk.ShefirstdreamedofclimbingElCapitanwhenshewas6or7.ElCapitanisafamousmountain-sizedrockinYosemiteNationalPark.Gettingtoitstopisnoeasytask.It'staller,asreported,thanthetallestbuildingintheworld-DubaisBuriKhalifa.ElCapitananditsdifficultNoseroute,whichrunsmorethan3,000feethighupthecenteroftherock'sface,isconsideredoneoftheworld'shardestbigwallclimbsandhasattractedthebestclimbersovertime.Butneverbeforehadayoungsteraccomplishedit.Selah'sachievementcaughtnationalattention.OutsideMagazinecalledhertheyoungestdocumentedpersontoclimbtheNose.KenYager,presidentoftheYosemiteClimbingAssociation,saidhealsocouldn'tthinkofanyoneyoungerwhohasdoneit.SelahishumbleaboutherElCapitanaccomplishment."I'mnotnecessarilyaspecialkidoranythinglikethat",shesaid."TherewereafewtimeswhenIwouldbesowornthatitwouldkindofdiscouragemefromholdingon.Butoverall,itwasjustgreattokeeppluggingaway."Selahsharedthisadviceforotheryoungclimbersdreamingofbigwalls,"Itdoesn'ttakenecessarilyasuperspecialpersontodosomethinglikethat.Youjusthavetoputyourmindtoit.”4.WhatdowelearnaboutSelahclimbingElCapitan?ShebeganherclimbingonJune5.Shegotinspiredbyherfamilyhistory.Shemanagedwithoutanyexternalhelp.Shewasthefirstfemaletoreachthetop.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph3?TostateElCapitan'sheight.ToproveElCapitan'spopularity.TointroduceElCapitan'slocation.TostressthechallengeofclimbingElCapitan.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSelah?A.Determined.B.Generous.C.Warm-hearted.D.Fortunate.WhatmaybeSelah'sadviceforotheryoungclimbers?Dreambigandaimhigh.Becommittedtoyourambition.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.Nothingisimpossibleforagenius.三、（2021?湖南?模擬預(yù)測）Whenpeoplepausebeforereplyingtoaquestion,evenforjustafewseconds,theiran-swersaresupposedtobelesssincereandbelievablethaniftheyhadrepliedimmediately.Andthelongerthehesitationlasts,thelesssinceretheresponseappears.Researchersconductedaseriesofexperimentsinvolvingmorethan7,500individuals.Participantseitherlistenedtoanaudiorecord,viewedavideoorreadanaccountofapersonrespondingtoasimplequestion.Ineachcase,theresponsetimevariedfromimmediatetoa10-seconddelay.Participantsthenratedthesincerityoftheresponseonaslidingscale.Acrossall14experiments,participantsconsistentlyrateddelayedresponsesaslesssincereregardlessofthequestion.Thefindingshavewideconnotations.Wheneverpeopleareinteracting,theyarejudgingeachother'ssincerity.Theseresultscanbeappliedtoawiderangeofinteractions,goingfromworkplacechatstocouplesandfriendsarguing.Further,injobinterviewsandincourthearingsandtrials,peopleareoftentaskedwithjudgmentsofsincerity.Here,too,responsespeedcouldplayapart.Ingeneral,wheneverthereisaresponsethatrequiresananswer,suchasinajobinterview,delayedresponsescanbethoughtaslesssincere.Itwouldbeunfairfortheresponder,suchasacrimesuspect,iftheresponsedelaywassortedbymistakeintothoughtcontroloranswermakingupwhenitwasinfactcausedbyadifferentfactor;suchassimplybeingdistractedorthoughtful.Theexperimentalsofoundthatdefinitelyinstructingparticipantstoignoredelayedresponsereduced,butdidnotcompletelyremove,theeffectofdelayedresponseonjudgmentofsincerityorguilt.Nevertheless,onthewhole,afastresponseseemstoberegardedasmoresincere,whilearesponsethatisdelayedforevenacoupleofsecondsmaybeconsideredaslowlie.Whatdoesthereliabilityofanswerslieonaccordingtothestudy?Theresponsetime.Theanswercontent.Thetoneofspeakers.Thedifficultyofquestions.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"connotations"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Choices.B.Responsibilities.C.Meanings.D.Possibilities.Whateffectsdoesthestudyresulthaveonourlife?Itisatesttojudgehonesty.Itcanpreventalotofcrimes.Itimprovesskillsinaskingquestions.Itpromotestheharmonybetweenpeople.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Delayedanswersarelies.Itisunfairtorequirealltoanswerslowly.Delayedanswerscanleadtomisjudgment.Delayedresponseshouldbeignoredcompletely.四、（2021?江蘇揚(yáng)州?一模）Magicisaformofentertainmentthatisbasedonpretendingtodothingsthatareimpossible.Themagicianisaspeciallytrainedactor.Hetriestomaketheaudiencebelievethathehasthepowertodothingswhichareagainstthelawsofnature.Magicshowsareentertainingaslongastheaudiencedoesnotdiscoverhowthetricksaredone.Themagicianusuallydependsonhisskillwithhishands,onhisknowledgeofpsychology,and,sometimes,onmechanicaldevices（機(jī)械裝置）.Sincemagicperformanceismeanttotrickpeople,theuseofpsychologyisimportant.Themagicianmustkeeppeoplefromnoticingallthemovementsofhishandsandfromthinkingaboutthesecretpartsofhisequipment.Hemustalsoleadtheaudiencetodrawfalseconclusions.Themagician'ssuccessdependsonthefactthatmanythingsseenbytheeyearenotthethingsthatmatter.Twobasicmagictricksaremakingobjectsseemtoappearandmakingobjectsseemtodisappear.Acombinationofthesetwotricksmakesforsomeinterestingeffects.Forexample,themagicianputsasmallballunderoneofseveralcups.Theballthenseemstojumpfromonecuptoanotherortochangecolour.Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagician,employingquickhandmovementsoramechanicaldevice,hidesoneball.Whiledoingthishetalkstotheaudienceandwavesabrightlycolouredclothwithonehand.Theaudienceistoobusywatchingtheclothandlisteningtothemagician'swordstonoticethathisotherhandishidingtheball.Anotherfavouritetrickistocutorburnsomething,andthenmakeitappearwholeagain.Whatactuallyhappensisthatthemagicianmakesthecutorburnedobjectdisappearbyquicklyhidingitwhiletheaudiencewatchessomethingelse.Thenhe"magically"makesitappearwhole

againbydisplayingagainbydisplaying（展示）anotherobjectthathasnotbeencutorburned.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?againbydisplaying（展示）anotherobjectthathasnotbeencutorburned.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?Topromoteamagicshow.Toteachpeopletobemagicians.Toexplaintheartofmagic.Topraisethetalentsofmagicians.Whichofthefollowingisimportantforasuccessfulmagictrick?Movingstageequipment.C.Applyinghightechnology.againbydisplaying（展示）anotherobjectthathasnotbeencutorburned.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?Topromoteamagicshow.Toteachpeopletobemagicians.Toexplaintheartofmagic.Topraisethetalentsofmagicians.Whichofthefollowingisimportantforasuccessfulmagictrick?Movingstageequipment.C.Applyinghightechnology.Directingtheaudience'sattention.D.Keepingtheperformanceinsecret.Whatdoestheauthorfocusoninthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Providingexamples.C.Drawingcomparisons.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?Mechanicaldevicesareexpensive.C.Ittakespracticetoperformmagic.五、Makingasummary.D.Explainingaconcept.B.Mostmagiciansemployassistants.D.Smallobjectsaremagicians*favourite.（2021,四川,攀枝花市第十五中學(xué)校高二期中）WhenyouthinkofChinesefoodintheU.Sfriedrice,orGeneralTso'schickenmayfirstcometomind.ButanewmuseumexhibitioninNewYorkCityistryingtoexpandvisitors'palates（味蕾）.ItfeaturesstoriesoffamouscookslikeMartinYanandhomecookswhosefoodrepresentsl8differentregionalcookingstylesofChina.〃lthinkit'sunfairtojustclassifyChinesecookingasone/saysKianLamKho,aco-curator（策展人）of"Sour;Sweet,Bitter,Spicy:StoriesofChineseFoodandIdentityinAmerica"attheMuseumofChineseinAmerica."Evenwiththesamedishorsamecuisine,everyfamilyhasadifferentvariation."That'swhythecuratorssayifyouwanttotastethefullrangeofChinesecuisineintheU.S,you/llneedtogobeyondrestaurantsandintohomekitchens,whichcanplayacentralroleinmanyimmigrants,lives.“Thekitchenitselfiskindofacomfortwhenyoucometoanewcountry.That/stheoneplacewhereyousetupasyourhomebase,andyoucookthingsthatyourememberfromyourpast/explainsco-curatorAudraAng.OneofthehomecooksshowcasedintheexhibitionisNiBiying,80,ofManhattan.Sheworkedasalive-inbabysitterforyearsbeforeshecouldfinallyaffordtorentahomewithherownkitchen.Thesedays,youcanusuallyfindhermovingaroundherone-bedroomapartmentasasweetsmellofvinegarandricewinefloatsfromherstove.ForNi,asmalldinnerforfriendsandfamilymeanspreparingalmostadozendifferentdishes.Shelearnedsomeofhertechniquesfromherfather,whomademostofherfamily'smealswhenshewasachild."Istillmakethebeefwithstir-friedcelerymyfatherusedtocook,"shesays.Andit'sthekindofcomfortfoodthatdefinesChinesefoodforNi.Whatisthenewmuseumexhibitionmainlyabout?A.StoriesofChinesefoodandcooks.B.Explorationoffamousrestaurants.C.HistoryofChineseimmigration.D.Cuisineofdifferentcountries.Whydoesthekitchenplayakeyroleinmanyimmigrants'lives?A.Itprovidesawealthylife.B.Ithelpsthemtoacceptnewcultures.C.Itbringsasenseofbelonging.D.Itenablesthemtoforgetthepast.WhatcanwelearnaboutNiBiyingfromparagraph4?A.SheworkedinaChineserestaurant.B.Shemademostmealsasachild.C.Shelearnedcookingfromherfather.D.Sheliveswithabigfamily.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?ChineseRestaurantTellsImmigrantTalesHomeCookingBringsMoretotheTableImmigrantsSeektheirFortuneintheU.S.CuisineGainsNewVariations八、（2021?山東泰安?三模）Whenyouhearthebeginningofyourfavoritesongfromtheradio,suddenlyyourneckiscoveredingoosebumps.It'ssuchathingthatagroupofscientistscall"skinexcitement"—afeelingofcoldcausednotbyadropintemperatureorsuddenscare,butbythesenseofbeauty./zSkinexcitement”cancomefromasong,apainting,amovingmoviescene,orevenabelovedmemory-prettymuchanythingthatcausesthegivingoutofpleasure-soakeddopamineinyourbrain.Butitdoesnotcomeforallofus.Yourfavoritemusicuncoversalotaboutyourpersonality,andsodoeshowyourespondtothatmusic.Studiessupposethatasfewas55percentofpeopleexperience"skinexcitement”whenlisteningtomusic.Andifyoucountyourselfamongthisgroup,thegoosebumpsonyourskinaren'ttheonlygiveaway—scientistscanreaditinyourbrain,too.InanewstudypublishedinthejournalSocialCognitiveandAffectiveNeuroscience,Harvardresearchersperformedbrainscanson10studentswhosaidtheyreliablygotcoldwhenlisteningtomusic,and10studentswhodidn't.Theyfoundthatthecold-pronebrainsmayreallybeexcitedbystrongeremotions.Cold-pronebrainsaregenerallymorelikelytoshowstrongeremotionalintelligencethanno-coldbrains.Cold-pronemindstendtohaveunusualactiveimagination,reflectmoredeeplyontheiremotions,andappreciatenatureandthebeautyofmusicandarttoastrongerdegreethanno-coldbrains.So,whattypeofmusiccausesthechills?Itseemsthatthetypeisnotsoimportant;participantsinthenewstudyreportedgettingcoldfromsongsofeverykind.Andanysongconnectedwithastrongemotionalmemoryofthelistenercanproducethemostreliableresults.Forme,that'sthesongSailingtoPhiladelphiabyMarkKnopfler,whichIlistenedtoasakidinthecarwithmydad,onthewaytothesummercamp.Whatcanwelearnabout“skinexcitement"inthetext?A.Ithelpstoproducedoparmine.B.Itiscausedbythepainintheskin.C.Itcanbeexperiencedbyeverymusiclistener.D.Itisthehumanbody'sreactiontosomethingnice.WhatdoesthenewstudybyHarvardresearchersmainlyfind?Thepercentageofmusicloversinstudents.Thesolutionstothegoosebumpson