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ThousandsmarchagainstCatalansecession巴塞羅那爆發(fā)大規(guī)模反獨(dú)立游行更新于2017年10月9日06:02英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》邁克爾?斯托瑟德巴塞羅那報(bào)道HundredsofthousandsofpeopletooktothestreetsofBarcelonaonSundaytourgethatCataloniaremainpartofSpain,addingtopressureontheCatalanregionalgovernmentasitconsiderswhethertodeclareindependenceasearlyasthisweek.數(shù)十萬人周日走上巴塞羅那街頭,敦促加泰羅尼亞留在西班牙,此舉加大了加泰羅尼亞地方政府面臨的壓力。該政府正在考慮是否最早在本周就宣告獨(dú)立。ThedemonstrationscameafterMarianoRajoy,Spain’sprimeminister,reiteratedhisthreattosuspendCatalonia’sautonomyiftheregionsecedes,asignMadridhasnointentionofbackingdownfromapotentialconflictwiththepro-independenceCatalangovernment.這場(chǎng)示威游行發(fā)生之前,西班牙首相馬里亞諾?拉霍伊(MarianoRajoy)重申了他的威脅:如果該地區(qū)宣告獨(dú)立,就將終止加泰羅尼亞的自治地位。這表明,面臨與支持獨(dú)立的加泰羅尼亞政府之間的潛在沖突,馬德里方面無意退讓。Theanti-secessionmarchesintheCatalancapitalandthetoughtalkfromMrRajoyhighlightthechoicesfacingCarlesPuigdemont,presidentofCatalonia,asheconsidersaunilateraldeclarationofindependencethatwoulddeepenSpain’sconstitutionalandpoliticalcrisis.加泰羅尼亞首府發(fā)生的反獨(dú)立游行以及拉霍伊的強(qiáng)硬言論,凸顯了加泰羅尼亞自治區(qū)主席卡萊斯?普伊格德蒙特(CarlesPuigdemont)面臨的各種選擇。他正在考慮單方面宣布獨(dú)立,這將加深西班牙的憲政及政治危機(jī)。Cataloniavotedheavilyinfavourofindependenceinadeeplycontestedreferendum,disruptedbySpanishpolice,onOctober1,inwhichturnoutwasaround40percent.Spain’sgovernmentmaintainsthevotewasillegal.在10月1日舉行的一場(chǎng)存在嚴(yán)重爭(zhēng)議的全民公投中,加泰羅尼亞民眾高票支持獨(dú)立。那場(chǎng)公投遭到了西班牙警方的沖擊,投票率約為40%。西班牙政府堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為,這場(chǎng)公投是非法的。MrPuigdemontalsofacespressurefromthecorporateworldafterlargecompaniessuchasCaixaBankandBancodeSabadellannouncedtheywouldmovetheirlegalbasefromtheregion.普伊格德蒙特還面臨著企業(yè)界的壓力。此前,凱克薩銀行(CaixaBank)和薩瓦德爾銀行(BancodeSabadell)等大型企業(yè)宣布,將把各自的總部遷離該地區(qū)。AdelegationfromCercled’Economia,aninfluentialbusinessforum,metMrPuigdemontattheweekendtoaskhimtowithdrawhisthreattosplitfromSpain.周末,有影響力的商業(yè)論壇Cercled’Economia的一個(gè)代表團(tuán)會(huì)晤了普伊格德蒙特,請(qǐng)求他收回威脅從西班牙獨(dú)立的言論。Barcelonapolicesaid350,000peopleparticipatedintheanti-independencemarchonSunday,whileorganiserssaidthat930,000peopleturnedout.Pro-independencerallieshaveinrecentyearsalsoattractedhugenumbers,underliningthehugesplitinCatalansociety.巴塞羅那警方表示,35萬人參加了周日舉行的反獨(dú)立游行,而組織者稱游行人數(shù)達(dá)到93萬。近年來,支持獨(dú)立的集會(huì)也吸引了大量參與者,突顯加泰羅尼亞社會(huì)存在的巨大分歧。譯者/何黎RichardThalerwinsNobelPrizeinEconomics理查德?塞勒獲2017年諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)更新于2017年10月10日06:24英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》杰瑪?泰特洛報(bào)道RichardThaler,themanbehind“nudge”economics,hasbeenawardedtheNobelPrizeinEconomicSciencesforhisworkonincorporatinginsightsfrompsychologyintoeconomictheoryandpolicymaking.“輕推”經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)背后的人物理查德?塞勒(RichardThaler)被授予2017年諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)(NobelPrizeinEconomicSciences),因?yàn)樗麑⑿睦韺W(xué)的洞察力融入經(jīng)濟(jì)理論和政策制定。Theaward,whichisofficiallyknownastheSverigesRiksbankPrizeinmemoryofAlfredNobel,wasawardedtoProfThalerforhis“contributiontobehaviouraleconomics”,theprizecommitteesaid.諾貝爾評(píng)獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)表示,把今年的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)——正式名稱是“紀(jì)念阿爾弗雷德?諾貝爾瑞典銀行經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)”(SverigesRiksbankPrizeinEconomicSciencesinMemoryofAlfredNobel)——授予塞勒教授是為了表彰他“對(duì)行為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)作出的貢獻(xiàn)”。TheUSeconomistco-wrotetheglobalbestsellerNudge,whichexploresissuessuchashowpeoplecanbegivenincentivestomakemorerationaldecisions.這名美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家與人合著了全球暢銷書《輕推》(Nudge),其中探討的課題包括如何給予人們激勵(lì)才能讓他們作出更為理性的決策。HeiscurrentlyprofessorofbehaviouralscienceandeconomicsattheUniversityofChicago.他目前是芝加哥大學(xué)(UniversityofChicago)行為科學(xué)與經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授。ProfThaleristhe79threcipientoftheNobelineconomics,whichwasannouncedbytheRoyalSwedishAcademyofSciencesinStockholmonMondaymorning.HewillreceiveaprizeofSKr9m($1.1m).瑞典皇家科學(xué)院(RoyalSwedishAcademyofSciences)周一在斯德哥爾摩宣布的這一決定,使塞勒教授成為第79位諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者。他將獲得900萬瑞典克朗(合110萬美元)的獎(jiǎng)金。Economistshavetraditionallyassumedthatindividualsbehaverationally,makingdecisionsonthebasisofalltheinformationreadilyavailabletothem.ButProfThaler’sworkhasincorporatedinsightsfrompsychologytohelpexplainwhypeoplebehaveinwaysthatarenotfullyrational—forexample,strugglingtosaveforretirementandplacingahighervalueonitemsormoneytheyalreadyhavethanonthosetheymightbuyorwin.傳統(tǒng)上,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們假設(shè)個(gè)人的行為是理性的,根據(jù)自己可以輕易獲得的所有信息做出決策。但塞勒教授的研究融入了來自心理學(xué)的洞見,以幫助解釋為什么人們的行為方式不完全理性,例如難以為退休后的人生階段儲(chǔ)蓄,以及認(rèn)為自己已經(jīng)擁有的物品或金錢(而不是自己可能購買或贏得的東西)具有更高價(jià)值。Aftertheprizewasannounced,ProfThaler,whoisakeengolfer,saidhewouldtrytospendthemoney“asirrationallyaspossible”.在這一獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)宣布后,愛打高爾夫的塞勒教授表示,他將“盡量非理性地”花掉這筆獎(jiǎng)金。TheinsightsfromhisworkweresummarisedinNudge,whichwasco-authoredwithCassSunstein,aprofessoratHarvard.ProfSunsteinquippedonTwitterthatthedecisiontoawardtheprizetoProfThalerwas“anunboundedlyrationalchoicefortheNobel”.他與哈佛大學(xué)(Harvard)教授凱斯?桑斯坦(CassSunstein)合著的《輕推》總結(jié)了來自他的研究工作的深刻見解。桑斯坦教授在Twitter上表示,把經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予塞勒教授是“諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)作出的無限理性的選擇”。TheprizecommitteesaidProfThaler’sworkhadinspiredmanyotherresearchersandtransformedthefieldofbehaviouraleconomics,whichhisworkspawned,frombeing“afringeandcontroversial”fieldtoa“mainstreamarea”.評(píng)獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)表示,塞勒教授的工作啟發(fā)了其他許多研究人員,并且徹底轉(zhuǎn)變了他的研究所催生的行為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域,使其從“一個(gè)邊緣和有爭(zhēng)議的”領(lǐng)域變成一個(gè)“主流領(lǐng)域”。ProfThaler’sconclusionshavebeeninfluentialinshapingeconomicpoliciesinrecentyears.HeservedasanadvisertoPresidentBarackObamaandtotheteamthatadvisedtheUKgovernmentonincorporatingideasfrombehaviouraleconomicsintopolicydesign.ProfThalerhasalsoadvisedtheSwedishgovernmentonimprovingthedesignofitspensionssystem.塞勒教授得出的結(jié)論近年影響了經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的形成。他曾擔(dān)任巴拉克?奧巴馬(BarackObama)總統(tǒng)的顧問,也曾向英國(guó)政府的顧問團(tuán)隊(duì)提供咨詢,將行為經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理念納入政策設(shè)計(jì)。塞勒教授還曾就改進(jìn)養(yǎng)老金制度的設(shè)計(jì)向瑞典政府提供建議。OneofProfThaler’sbest-knownpiecesofworkhighlightedthephenomenonof“mentalaccounting”,thatis,peoplespendmoneydifferentlyifitislabelledforonespecificpurposeratherthananother.塞勒教授最知名的研究成果之一是指出了“心理會(huì)計(jì)”現(xiàn)象,也就是說,如果一筆錢被標(biāo)記為某個(gè)特定目的,人們會(huì)以不同的方式花掉它。Theimplicationofthisinsightisthatpolicymakerscannudgepeopletowardsspendingmoneyonspecificitemsbyprovidingthemwithmoneylabelledforaspecificpurpose,evenifthereisnorestrictioninpracticeonhowthemoneyisspent.IntheUK,forexample,researchhasshownthatpensionersspentmoreonheatingtheirhomeswhentheyweregivenasumofmoneydescribedasa“winterfuelpayment”,eventhoughtheywerefreetospendithowevertheywished.這種觀點(diǎn)意味著,政策制定者可以通過發(fā)放貼上特定目的標(biāo)簽的補(bǔ)貼,來勸說人們把錢花在特定項(xiàng)目上,即使實(shí)際上對(duì)于人們?nèi)绾位ㄥX并無限制。例如,英國(guó)的研究表明,養(yǎng)老金領(lǐng)取者在獲得一筆被稱為“冬季燃料支出”的款項(xiàng)后,會(huì)更加舍得加大居所供暖支出,即便他們可以隨心所欲地自由支配這筆錢。譯者/和風(fēng)Yellenwarnsagainstmoving‘toogradually’totightenpolicy美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)主席耶倫:加息不應(yīng)“過于漸進(jìn)”更新于2017年9月27日06:32英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》杰西卡?戴伊紐約報(bào)道FederalReservechairJanetYellensaidpolicymakersoughttobecarefulof“movingtoogradually”onmonetarypolicydespite“significantuncertainties”overinflation.美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)(FederalReserve)主席珍妮特?耶倫(JanetYellen)表示,政策制定者應(yīng)該慎防在貨幣政策上“動(dòng)作過于漸進(jìn)”,盡管在通脹上存在“重大不確定性”。MsYellen,speakingonTuesdayattheannualmeetingoftheNationalAssociationforBusinessEconomicsinCleveland,Ohio,acknowledgedthat“somekeyassumptionsunderlyingthebaselineoutlookcouldbewronginwaysthatimplythatinflationwillremainlowforlongerthancurrentlyprojected”.耶倫周二在俄亥俄州克利夫蘭舉行的全美商業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)會(huì)(NationalAssociationforBusinessEconomics)年會(huì)上發(fā)言,承認(rèn)“支撐基線前景預(yù)測(cè)的一些關(guān)鍵假設(shè)可能是錯(cuò)誤的,而這意味著相比當(dāng)前預(yù)測(cè),通脹將在低位徘徊更久?!盉utshecautionedagainstwaitingtoolongtoraiseinterestratesagain,underscoringthesignalfromtheFed’slatestpolicymeetinglastweekthatanotherraterisemaybeonthecardsbeforetheendof2017.但是,她反對(duì)在再次加息之前等待太久,從而加強(qiáng)了美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)在上周最新政策會(huì)議上發(fā)出的信號(hào),即在2017年底之前可能再次上調(diào)利率?!癆gradualapproachisparticularlyappropriateinlightofsubduedinflationandalowneutralrealinterestrate,whichimplythatthe[FederalOpenMarketCommittee]willhaveonlylimitedscopetocutthefederalfundsrateshouldtheeconomybehitwithanadverseshock,”shesaid.“在通脹低迷、中性實(shí)際利率較低的情況下,漸進(jìn)的做法尤其適當(dāng),這意味著如果經(jīng)濟(jì)受到不利沖擊,(聯(lián)邦公開市場(chǎng)委員會(huì))削減聯(lián)邦基金利率的空間將是有限的,”她表示?!癇utweshouldalsobewaryofmovingtoogradually.Jobgainscontinuetorunwellaheadofthelonger-runpaceweestimatewouldbesufficient,onaverage,toprovidejobsfornewentrantstothelabourforce.”“但是我們也應(yīng)該對(duì)動(dòng)作過于漸進(jìn)抱有戒心。就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)繼續(xù)保持良好勢(shì)頭,遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超前于我們估計(jì)的、平均而言對(duì)于為勞動(dòng)力隊(duì)伍新加入者提供就業(yè)已經(jīng)充足的較長(zhǎng)期步伐?!盨hesaidthatwithoutfurthermodestincreasesinthefederalfundsrateovertime,thereisariskthatthelabourmarketcouldbecomeoverheated,potentiallycreatinganinflationaryproblemdowntheroadthatmightbedifficulttoovercomewithouttriggeringarecession.她表示,如果不隨著時(shí)間的推移進(jìn)一步適度上調(diào)聯(lián)邦基金利率,勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)會(huì)有過熱的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),可能在未來某時(shí)釀成一個(gè)通脹問題,而這個(gè)問題可能難以在不引發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的前提下克服。Thereasonforpersistentlylowinflationhasbecomeamatterofintensedebateamongrate-settersattheFed.SomeofMsYellen’scolleagueshaveofferedtheoriesthatincludestructuraldragsonpricesfromtechnology.通脹持續(xù)低迷的原因已成為美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)利率制定者之間激烈辯論的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)問題。耶倫的某些同事提出了一些理論,包括科技給價(jià)格水平帶來的結(jié)構(gòu)性抑制。MsYellenhaspointedtootherreasonsfortheinflationundershootsinpreviousyears,amongthemsparecapacityinthejobsmarketaftertherecession,fallingenergypricesandanappreciationofthedollar.OnTuesdayshesaidthatfurtheridiosyncraticfactors,includingadipintelecomsprices,meantthatarecentdeclineininflationwas“probablytemporary”.耶倫曾指出過去幾年通脹偏低的其他原因,包括經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退過后就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的富余供應(yīng)、能源價(jià)格下滑以及美元升值。她在周二表示,更多的特殊因素,包括電信服務(wù)價(jià)格下滑,意味著近期通脹下降“很可能是暫時(shí)的”。AsMsYellenspoke,theyieldonthetwo-yearUSTreasurynote,whichisconsideredmostsensitivetomonetarypolicy,wasatitshighestpointsince2008at1.45percent,havinginchedaheadofapeakitreachedshortlyafterlastweek’sFedmeeting.耶倫發(fā)表講話之際,被認(rèn)為對(duì)貨幣政策最敏感的兩年期美國(guó)國(guó)債收益率達(dá)到1.45%,這是自2008年以來的最高點(diǎn),高于上周美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)會(huì)議后不久達(dá)到的一個(gè)峰值。Thedollarindex,measuringtheUScurrencyagainstabasketofpeers,pareditsgainsslightlybeforerisingbackupto93.16,andstockswerelargelysteady.衡量美元相對(duì)于一籃子貨幣匯率的美元指數(shù)最初回吐了部分漲幅,隨后回升至93.16點(diǎn),股價(jià)基本穩(wěn)定。譯者/和風(fēng)Googleinks$1.1bnsmartphonedealwithTaiwan’sHTC谷歌斥資11億美元“收購”宏達(dá)電員工更新于2017年9月22日06:22英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》愛德華?懷特香港,理查德?沃特斯舊金山報(bào)道Googlehasbroadeneditssmartphonemanufacturingoperationswithanagreementtopay$1.1bntotransferabout2,000stafffromTaiwanesesmartphonemakerHTC.谷歌(Google)拓寬了其智能手機(jī)制造業(yè)務(wù),簽署協(xié)議斥資11億美元接收臺(tái)灣智能手機(jī)制造商宏達(dá)電(HTC)約2000名員工。Thecompanieshavealsoinkedaseparatenon-exclusivelicenceagreementforHTC’sintellectualproperty,thetermsofwhichhavenotbeendisclosed.谷歌還為獲得宏達(dá)電的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)另外簽署了一項(xiàng)非專屬許可協(xié)議,條款內(nèi)容未披露?!癟hisagreementisabrilliantnextstepinourlongstandingpartnership,enablingGoogletosuperchargetheirhardwarebusinesswhileensuringcontinuedinnovationwithinourHTCsmartphoneandVIVEvirtualrealitybusinesses,”saidCherWang,co-founderandchairofHTC.宏達(dá)電聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人和董事長(zhǎng)王雪紅(CherWang)表示:“這份協(xié)議是我們長(zhǎng)期合作的明智的下一步,將讓谷歌得以增強(qiáng)其硬件業(yè)務(wù),同時(shí)確保本公司HTC智能手機(jī)和VIVE虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)業(yè)務(wù)得以繼續(xù)創(chuàng)新。”ThepurchasehighlightsthegrowingimportanceofhardwaretoGoogleasitseekstoentrenchitsadvertisingandinternetservices,particularlyinthehighendofthesmartphonemarket,whilealsolayingthegroundforwideruseofitsartificialintelligence.這筆收購?fù)伙@出硬件對(duì)谷歌的重要性日益增強(qiáng),該集團(tuán)正尋求夯實(shí)其廣告和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù),特別是在高端智能手機(jī)市場(chǎng),同時(shí)為更廣泛地利用其人工智能奠定基礎(chǔ)。GooglecreateditsownhardwaredivisionlastyearandlaunchedthePixel,thefirstsmartphonetofeatureonlytheGooglebrandandtobedesignedin-house.IthiredHTCasthecontractmanufacturerforthephone,extendingaclosehandsetpartnershipthatdatesto2008tothefirstdevicetocarryGoogle’sAndroidoperatingsystem.去年,谷歌創(chuàng)建了自己的硬件部門并推出Pixel,這是首款只包括谷歌品牌且內(nèi)部設(shè)計(jì)的智能手機(jī)。谷歌聘用HTC作為這款手機(jī)的代工制造商,延續(xù)了雙方在手機(jī)領(lǐng)域的密切合作,這種合作可追溯到2008年首款搭載谷歌安卓(Android)操作系統(tǒng)的手機(jī)。GooglesaidmanyoftheHTCemployeeswhowillbeinvolvedare“alreadyworkingwithGoogletodevelopPixelsmartphones”.谷歌表示,此次收購所涉及的許多宏達(dá)電員工“已經(jīng)在與谷歌合作開發(fā)Pixel智能手機(jī)”。譯者/何黎TencentandGuangzhouteamuptodevelopsmartcars廣汽聯(lián)手騰訊開發(fā)智能汽車更新于2017年9月20日06:11英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》查爾斯?克洛弗俱菲報(bào)道TencentwillteamupwithGuangzhouAutomobileGrouptodevelopsmartcarsinthelatestinaseriesofdealsinwhichChina’sbigtechnologycompaniescompetetograbapieceoftheworld’slargestcarmarket.騰訊(Tencent)將與廣汽集團(tuán)(GAC)合作開發(fā)智能汽車,這是中國(guó)大型科技企業(yè)為了從世界最大汽車市場(chǎng)分得一杯羹而達(dá)成的一系列交易的最新一例。GACsaidinafilingtotheHongKongStockExchangethatthetwocompanieswouldjointlydevelopinternet-connectedcarsandartificialintelligence-aideddriving.廣汽集團(tuán)在向香港交易所(HKEx)提交的監(jiān)管申報(bào)文件中表示,兩家公司將共同開發(fā)網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車和人工智能輔助駕駛。TheannouncementdroveGAC’ssharepricehigher—itwasup4.6percentbythecloseofAsiantradingonTuesday.這項(xiàng)宣布推高了廣汽集團(tuán)股價(jià),使該股周二收盤上漲4.6%?!癟hetwopartieswilljointlybuildanintelligentandconnectedcarbrandwithuniquenessandcompetitiveness,”thefilingsaid.上述監(jiān)管公告表示,雙方將“聯(lián)合打造具有品牌特色和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的智能網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車品牌”。Techcompanieshavebeenexploringpartnershipswiththeautosector,viewingthecarasanewtypeofsmartdeviceandthelogicalextensionofthesmartphone.科技公司近來一直在探索與汽車行業(yè)結(jié)成合作伙伴關(guān)系,將汽車視為一種新型智能設(shè)備,是智能手機(jī)的合乎邏輯的延伸。ForcompaniessuchasTencent,whichownsWeChat,China’subiquitoussocialnetworkingapp,stayingcompetitivemeansofferinginternetservicesonasmanyscreensaspossible—fromphonestolaptopstoTVs,andnowcardashboards.騰訊擁有中國(guó)無處不在的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用微信(WeChat)。對(duì)騰訊這樣的公司來說,保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力意味著在盡可能多的屏幕上提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù),從手機(jī)到筆記本電腦和電視機(jī),如今還包括汽車儀表板。Carexecutives,fortheirpart,concedethatsoftwareandconnectivitywillincreasinglydriveconsumerbrandchoices,whichmeansofferingappsintheircarsshouldgivethemacompetitiveadvantage.汽車業(yè)高管承認(rèn),軟件和連通性對(duì)消費(fèi)者的品牌選擇將日益重要,這意味著在車上提供應(yīng)用將給他們帶來競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。Tencent,whichthisyearboughta5percentstakeinTesla,theUSbatterycarmaker,for$1.78bn,isarelativelatecomerintheconnectedcarrace.今年斥資17.8億美元收購美國(guó)電動(dòng)車制造商特斯拉(Tesla)5%股權(quán)的騰訊,在網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車競(jìng)賽中是相對(duì)的后來者。AlreadyTencent’scompetitorshavemadeinroadsinChina,whichproduced28mvehicleslastyear,about30percentoftheworld’stotal.Alibaba,theecommercegroupandTencent’srival,hasdevelopedacaroperatingsystemthroughajointventurewithSAICMotor,anothertopChinesebrand.騰訊的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手已經(jīng)在中國(guó)取得進(jìn)展。去年中國(guó)生產(chǎn)了2800萬輛整車,約占世界總量的30%。騰訊的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手、電子商務(wù)集團(tuán)阿里巴巴(Alibaba)通過與中國(guó)另一個(gè)頂級(jí)品牌上汽集團(tuán)(SAICMotor)的合資項(xiàng)目,已經(jīng)開發(fā)了一款汽車操作系統(tǒng)。Launchedin2015thepartnershiphasproducedYunOSAuto,anoperatingsystemthatconnectscarstocloudservicessuchasentertainment,mappingandlocationservices.YunOShasnotventuredintoautonomousdriving,however.2015年結(jié)成的這一合作伙伴關(guān)系,已經(jīng)推出了YunOSAuto,這是一款將汽車連接至云服務(wù)(如娛樂、地圖和定位服務(wù))的操作系統(tǒng)。然而,YunOS并未涉足自主駕駛領(lǐng)域。SAIChasinstalledAlibaba-designedYunOSontheRoeweRx-5sportutilityvehicle,whichboastsa10.4-inchtouchscreenandwaslaunchedlastyearasthe“world’sfirstmass-producedinternetcar”.InJuly,itwasthesixthbest-sellingSUVinChina.上汽集團(tuán)已將阿里巴巴設(shè)計(jì)的YunOS安裝在榮威(Roewe)RX-5運(yùn)動(dòng)型多功能車上,去年推出的該車擁有一個(gè)10.4英寸的觸摸屏,號(hào)稱“全球首款量產(chǎn)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)汽車”。今年7月,該車是中國(guó)第六暢銷的SUV。Baidu,anotherTencentrival,isthefurthestalongofitsChineseinternetpeersintheareaofself-drivingcars.InAprilBaidulaunchedApollo,anopen-sourceplatformforAIandautonomousdriving.騰訊的另一個(gè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手百度(Baidu)在自動(dòng)駕駛汽車領(lǐng)域是走得最遠(yuǎn)的中國(guó)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨擘。今年4月,百度推出了Apollo,這是一種用于人工智能和自主駕駛的開放源平臺(tái)。BaiduhaspartnershipswithBYD,CheryandBAIC,theChinesegroupsthatprovidethevehiclesitusestotestitsdriverlesstechnologyatasiteintheancientrivertownofWuzhen.百度與比亞迪(BYD)、奇瑞(Chery)和北汽(BAIC)等中國(guó)汽車制造商建立了合作伙伴關(guān)系,這些制造商提供汽車,由百度在水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)烏鎮(zhèn)的測(cè)試區(qū)試驗(yàn)無人駕駛技術(shù)。BaidualsooffersconnectedcarsoftwaresuchasCarLife,whichintegratesasmartphonewithacar.DuerOS,anotherBaiduoffering,offersin-carvoicerecognition.百度還提供網(wǎng)聯(lián)汽車軟件如CarLife,將智能手機(jī)集成至汽車。另一款百度產(chǎn)品DuerOS提供車載語音識(shí)別。譯者/和風(fēng)IrmaunleashesitsfuryonsouthFlorida颶風(fēng)“艾爾瑪”肆虐南佛羅里達(dá)更新于2017年9月11日06:42英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》記者報(bào)道HurricaneIrmasmashedintoFloridaasacategory4stormonSunday,leavingmorethan1.4mpropertieswithoutpoweras130mphwindsandseasurgeslefthomesintheKeys,astringoflow-lyingislandsonthestate’ssouthernmosttip,underwater.風(fēng)暴等級(jí)4級(jí)的颶風(fēng)“艾爾瑪”(HurricaneIrma)周日侵襲佛羅里達(dá)州,時(shí)速達(dá)到130英里的大風(fēng)和洶涌的海水導(dǎo)致該州最南端地勢(shì)較低的佛羅里達(dá)礁島群(Keys)被海水淹沒,逾2百萬棟房屋斷電。Furthernorth,MiamiresidentsawoketofindtheyhaddodgedthemostdangerouspartofthestormafteritstrackshiftedwestandfocusedmuchofthedangeronTampaandStPetersburg.ButdowntownMiamistreetswereflooded,“Stop”signstwistedin70mphwinds,cranestoppledoverandflyingdebrissmashedintohomesandbuildings.更北的邁阿密(Miami)的居民醒來后發(fā)現(xiàn),他們避過了這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴最危險(xiǎn)的部分,因?yàn)轱L(fēng)暴軌跡向西移動(dòng),主要危險(xiǎn)集中在佛羅里達(dá)州的坦帕(Tampa)和圣彼德斯堡(StPetersburg)。但邁爾密市中心的街道仍被淹沒,時(shí)速70英里的大風(fēng)使“停車”標(biāo)識(shí)牌彎折,起重機(jī)被掀翻,民宅和建筑物被飛揚(yáng)的碎片擊中。EarlieronSundayCuba,whichpridesitselfondisastermanagement,wasdealingwithheavyfloodinginHavanaafter35ftwavesbatteredseafronthotelsandseverelydamagedtouristareasinthenorth.Atleast25peoplehavebeenkilledacrosstheCaribbean.周日早些時(shí)候,以災(zāi)害管理能力為自豪的古巴正在應(yīng)對(duì)哈瓦那的嚴(yán)重洪災(zāi),此前35英尺的大浪侵襲海濱酒店,給北部的旅游區(qū)造成嚴(yán)重破壞。加勒比海地區(qū)至少有25人喪生。TheunexpectedchangeinIrma’spathmeansFlorida’slow-lyingGulfcoastwillnowsufferthebruntoftheTexas-sizedstorm,withupto15ftoflife-threateningseawaterstormsurge.IrmaisthenforecasttoswinginlandtowardsGeorgiaonMonday.TheNationalHurricaneCenterissuedtornadowarningsthroughoutsouthernFlorida.“艾爾瑪”意外改道意味著佛羅里達(dá)州地勢(shì)較低的墨西哥灣沿岸地區(qū)將遭受這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴的最大沖擊,這場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)的波及面相當(dāng)于德克薩斯州,并帶來高達(dá)15英尺的危險(xiǎn)海水風(fēng)暴潮。根據(jù)預(yù)報(bào),“艾爾瑪”周一將撲向內(nèi)陸地區(qū),直奔喬治亞州。美國(guó)國(guó)家颶風(fēng)中心(NationalHurricaneCenter)針對(duì)整個(gè)南佛羅里達(dá)發(fā)布了龍卷風(fēng)預(yù)警?!癟hisisaworst-casescenario”forthewestcoastandtheFloridaKeys,BrockLong,administratoroftheFederalEmergencyManagementAgency,saidonFoxNews.“Stormsurgehasthehighestpotentialtokillthemostamountofpeopleandcausethemostdamage.”聯(lián)邦緊急事務(wù)管理署(FederalEmergencyManagementAgency,簡(jiǎn)稱FEMA)負(fù)責(zé)人布羅克?朗(BrockLong)在??怂剐侣?FoxNews)上表示,對(duì)佛羅里達(dá)西海岸和佛羅里達(dá)礁島群而言,這是“最糟糕情形”?!帮L(fēng)暴潮造成最多人員傷亡和最大破壞的可能性最高?!盧ickScott,Floridagovernor,added:“I’mveryconcernedaboutthewestcoast.Thestormsurgeisabsolutelylifethreatening.It’sgoingtobedevastatingtotheseareas.”佛羅里達(dá)州州長(zhǎng)里克?斯科特(RickScott)補(bǔ)充道:“我非常擔(dān)心西海岸。風(fēng)暴潮絕對(duì)是威脅生命的。它將給這些地區(qū)造成極大破壞?!盕loridaPower&Light,thestate’slargestutility,saidrepairstoitspowersystemwouldtakeweeks,threateningtoleavemillionsinthedark.ElaineDuke,theactingsecretaryoftheDepartmentofHomelandSecurity,saidonMSNBCthattheyexpected5mpeopleeventuallytolosepowerinFlorida.該州最大公用事業(yè)公司FloridaPower&Light表示,修復(fù)其電力系統(tǒng)需要數(shù)周時(shí)間,這可能使數(shù)百萬人繼續(xù)斷電。美國(guó)國(guó)土安全部(DepartmentofHomelandSecurity)代理部長(zhǎng)伊萊恩?杜克(ElaineDuke)在MSNBC上表示,該部預(yù)計(jì)佛羅里達(dá)州最終將有500萬人遭遇斷電。Morethan6mpeoplehavebeenorderedtoleavetheirhomesinthestate,thelargestmassevacuationinUShistory.Morethan500,000ofthemarearoundTampa,ontheGulfcoast.TampaiswidelydeemedoneoftheUScitiesmostvulnerabletostormsbecauseofwesternFlorida’sshallowcontinentalshelf,overwhichhighwindscanpilemorewaterthanalongdeepershorelines,followedbythenarrowopeningofTampaBaythroughwhichthesurgewaterscouldbefunneledonshore.逾600萬人被當(dāng)局命令撤離他們?cè)诜鹆_里達(dá)州的住所,這是美國(guó)史上規(guī)模最大的大規(guī)模撤離。地處墨西哥灣沿岸的坦帕周圍有逾50萬人被要求撤離。坦帕是廣泛認(rèn)為是最容易遭受風(fēng)暴侵襲的美國(guó)城市之一,原因是西佛羅里達(dá)的大陸架較淺,相比較深的海岸線,這里在遭遇大風(fēng)侵襲時(shí)會(huì)蓄積更多的水,而且坦帕灣的狹窄入口會(huì)導(dǎo)致浪潮涌上岸。PresidentDonaldTrumphaspledgedtoprovidewhateverresourcesthestateneedstorebuildfromIrma,MrScottsaid.Thedamagemaybesignificant.AccordingtoRMS,ananalyticsfirm,Irmahasastormforceof100terajoules,threetimesthesizeofHurricaneHarvey,whichstruckTexaslastmonthandcausedanestimated$180bnofdamage.佛羅里達(dá)州州長(zhǎng)斯科特表示,唐納德?特朗普(DonaldTrump)總統(tǒng)已承諾,向受颶風(fēng)“艾爾瑪”襲擊的該州提供災(zāi)后重建所需的一切資源。此次災(zāi)情可能非常嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)分析公司RMS的數(shù)據(jù),“艾爾瑪”的風(fēng)暴能量可能達(dá)到100太焦耳,是上月襲擊德克薩斯州(Texas)、估計(jì)造成1800億美元損失的颶風(fēng)“哈維”(HurricaneHarvey)的三倍。TheUNestimatesthataround37mpeoplewillbeaffectedbyIrmaintotal,throughouttheUSandtheCaribbean.聯(lián)合國(guó)(UN)估計(jì),在美國(guó)和整個(gè)加勒比海地區(qū),總共約有3700萬人將受到颶風(fēng)“艾爾瑪”的影響。譯者/徐行USfederalagenciestoldtostopusingKasperskyLabsoftware美國(guó)禁止聯(lián)邦機(jī)構(gòu)使用卡巴斯基軟件更新于2017年9月14日06:30英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》何麗報(bào)道TheUSDepartmentofHomelandSecuritysaiditwasbanningsoftwarefromKasperskyLabfrombeingusedbyfederalagencies,duetoconcernsoverlinksbetweenKasperkyandtheKremlin.美國(guó)國(guó)土安全部(DHS)表示,將禁止聯(lián)邦機(jī)構(gòu)使用卡巴斯基實(shí)驗(yàn)室(KasperskyLab)的軟件,理由是擔(dān)心卡巴斯基與克里姆林宮之間有關(guān)聯(lián)。Theannouncement,whichgivesfederalagencies90daystoceaseusinganyKasperskysoftware,istheclearestindicationtodateofthegovernment’sconcernsthatMoscowmayhavebeenusingthecybersecuritycompanyasabackdoortotapcommunications.國(guó)土安全部的聲明要求各聯(lián)邦機(jī)構(gòu)在90天內(nèi)停用任何卡巴斯基軟件,此舉是迄今最明確的跡象,表明美國(guó)政府擔(dān)憂莫斯科可能利用這家網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全公司作為竊取通訊內(nèi)容的一個(gè)后門。Kasperskyhassome400musersworldwideandisbestknownforitsfreeanti-virussoftware.卡巴斯基在全球擁有大約4億用戶,以其殺毒軟件聞名?!癟heriskthattheRussiangovernment,whetheractingonitsownorincollaborationwithKaspersky,couldcapitalizeonaccessprovidedbyKasperskyproductstocompromisefederalinformationandinformationsystemsdirectlyimplicatesU.S.nationalsecurity,”accordingtoastatementreleasedWednesdaybytheDHS.“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在于,俄羅斯政府無論是自行采取行動(dòng)還是與卡巴斯基合作,可能會(huì)利用卡巴斯基產(chǎn)品提供的渠道,危害那些直接涉及美國(guó)國(guó)家安全的聯(lián)邦信息和信息系統(tǒng),”國(guó)土安全部周三發(fā)布的聲明說?!癟heDepartmentisconcernedaboutthetiesbetweencertainKasperskyofficialsandRussianintelligenceandothergovernmentagencies,andrequirementsunderRussianlawthatallowRussianintelligenceagenciestorequestorcompelassistancefromKaspersky.”“我部擔(dān)心某些卡巴斯基的負(fù)責(zé)人與俄羅斯情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)及其他政府機(jī)構(gòu)之間的關(guān)系,也擔(dān)心俄羅斯法律中有關(guān)俄羅斯情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)可以請(qǐng)求或強(qiáng)制卡巴斯基給予協(xié)助的條文?!盜nastatement,Kasperskysaiditwas“disappointed”withthedecisionandstillhopedtoclearitsnamebyworkingwiththeDHSasthedepartmentinvestigates.卡巴斯基在一份聲明中表示對(duì)這一決定感到“失望”,但仍希望通過在國(guó)土安全部的調(diào)查過程中與之合作來洗雪自身的名譽(yù)?!癒asperskyLabhasneverhelped,norwillhelp,anygovernmentintheworldwithitscyberespionageoroffensivecyberefforts,andit’sdisconcertingthataprivatecompanycanbeconsideredguiltyuntilproveninnocent,duetogeopoliticalissues.”“卡巴斯基實(shí)驗(yàn)室過去未曾,未來也不會(huì)幫助世界上任何一個(gè)政府開展網(wǎng)絡(luò)間諜或者網(wǎng)絡(luò)襲擊活動(dòng),一家私營(yíng)企業(yè)因地緣政治原因在被證明清白之前被推定有罪,這令人感到不安?!弊g者/徐行World’s100richesttechbillionairesworthmorethan$1tnforfirsttime全球百大科技富豪總身價(jià)首次超過1萬億美元更新于2017年8月24日06:17英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》烏戈?格林哈爾希BillGatesremainstherichesttechbillionaireintheworld,fightingoffcompetitionfromAmazonbossJeffBezos,whowasbrieflytheworld’swealthiestpersonfollowingasurgeintheonlineretailer’ssharepriceinJuly.比爾?蓋茨(BillGates)依然是全球科技界最富裕的億萬富豪,他擊退了來自在線零售商亞馬遜(Amazon)老板杰夫?貝索斯(JeffBezos)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)——在今年7月亞馬遜股價(jià)飆升之后,貝索斯曾短暫成為全球首富。MrGates,co-founderofMicrosoft,theUStechcompany,isworth$84.5bn,slightlyaheadofMrBezoswith$81.7bn,accordingtothe2017Forbes100RichestinTechlist.MarkZuckerberg,co-founderofFacebook,isthirdwith$69.6bn–almost$16bnricherthanayearago.《福布斯》(Forbes)編制的2017年全球科技界100富豪榜顯示,美國(guó)科技公司微軟(Microsoft)的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人蓋茨身價(jià)845億美元,略微領(lǐng)先于貝索斯的817億美元。Facebook聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人馬克?扎克伯格(MarkZuckerberg)以696億美元排名第三——與一年前相比多了近160億美元。Thetotalworthoftheworld’s100richesttechbillionaireshassurpassed$1tnforthefirsttime,accordingtoForbes,ariseof21percentinthespaceofjust12months.《福布斯》的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,全球科技界前100名富豪的總身價(jià)首次超過1萬億美元,在僅僅12個(gè)月的時(shí)間里增長(zhǎng)了21%。Asianbillionairescontinuetoriseuptheranks.MaHuateng–alsoknownasPonyMa–chiefexecutiveofTencent,theChinesesocialmediagroup,isthethirdlargestriser,asidefromMrZuckerbergandMrBezos,withagainof$14.7bnoverthepastyear.亞洲富豪的排名繼續(xù)上升。中國(guó)社交媒體集團(tuán)騰訊(Tencent)首席執(zhí)行官馬化騰(PonyMa)的身價(jià)在過去一年里增長(zhǎng)了147億美元,新增身價(jià)排名第三,僅次于扎克伯格和貝索斯。JackMa,founder*ofAlibaba,theChineseonlineretailer,isnamedasAsia’srichesttechbillionairewithanestimated£37.4bnfortune,ariseof$11.6bnsincelastyear.中國(guó)在線零售商阿里巴巴(Alibaba)的創(chuàng)始人馬云(JackMa)被列為亞洲科技界首富,據(jù)估計(jì)擁有374億美元財(cái)富,與去年相比增長(zhǎng)了116億美元。Ofthetop100richest,50areUScitizens,includingeightofthetop10mostwealthy.Thirty-threearefromAsia,withhalflivinginChinaorHongKong.在科技界100富豪榜上,50人是美國(guó)公民,包括前10大富豪中的8人。33人來自亞洲,其中一半居住在中國(guó)內(nèi)地或者香港。Conversely,LeiJun,founderofXiami,thesmartphonemanufacturer,wasthelist’sbiggestdollarloser,seeing$2.9bnshavedoffhisnetworth.相反,智能手機(jī)制造商小米(Xiami)的創(chuàng)始人雷軍是榜單上美元身價(jià)下降最大的,其凈值縮水了29億美元。Note:ThepiecewasamendedtoreflectJackMa’stitle譯者/裴伴DecadeofQEleavesbigcentralbanksowningfifthofpublicdebt十年QE使各大央行持有五分之一政府債務(wù)更新于2017年8月16日06:15英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》凱特?艾倫基思?弗雷倫敦報(bào)道Leadingcentralbanksownafifthoftheirgovernments’totaldebt,asignofthescaleofthechallengetheyfaceinunwindingunprecedentedstimulusmeasuresdeployedinthepastdecade.各大央行目前持有其本國(guó)政府總債務(wù)的五分之一,這表明在撤出過去10年部署的前所未有的刺激措施方面,他們面臨艱巨挑戰(zhàn)。Sincethefinancialcrisis,thebigcentralbankshavecarriedoutlargescalepurchasesofbondsandothersecuritiesinabidtoboosttheglobaleconomybydrivingdownborrowingcosts.自金融危機(jī)以來,各大央行大規(guī)模買入債券等證券,以求通過降低借款成本來提振全球經(jīng)濟(jì)。Intotal,thesixcentralbankswhichhaveusedquantitativeeasing—theUSFederalReserve,theEuropeanCentralBank,theBankofJapanandtheBankofEngland,alongwiththeSwissandSwedishcentralbanks—nowholdmorethan$15tnofassets,accordingtoanalysisbytheFTofIMFandcentralbankfigures.Thescaleismorethanfourtimesthepre-crisislevel.根據(jù)英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》對(duì)國(guó)際貨幣基金組織(IMF)和央行數(shù)據(jù)的分析,使用量化寬松政策的六家央行——美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)(Fed)、歐洲央行(ECB)、日本央行(BoJ)和英國(guó)央行(BoE)以及瑞士和瑞典的央行——現(xiàn)在持有逾15萬億美元的資產(chǎn),規(guī)模超過危機(jī)前水平的四倍。Ofthis,morethan$9tnisgovernmentbonds—onedollarineveryfiveofthe$46tntotaloutstandingdebtowedbytheirgovernments.其中,逾9萬億美元是政府債券——占到相關(guān)國(guó)家政府所欠46萬億美元總債務(wù)的五分之一。TheECB’stotalbalancesheetrecentlytoppedthatoftheFedindollarterms.Itnowholds$4.9tnofassets,includingnearly$2tnineurozonegovernmentbonds.TheBoJ’sbalancesheethasalsojusttoppedtheFed’s$4.47tn,with$4.53tnofholdings,ofwhich85percentareJapanesegovernmentsecurities.以美元計(jì)算,歐洲央行的總體資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表規(guī)模不久前超過了美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)。歐洲央行現(xiàn)在持有4.9萬億美元的資產(chǎn),其中近2萬億美元為歐元區(qū)政府債券。日本央行的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表也剛剛超過美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的4.47萬億美元,達(dá)到4.53萬億美元,其中85%為日本政府證券。TheFed’sbalancesheethasexpandedsignificantlyseveraltimesinthepast,includingduringthesecondworldwarwhenitsoakedupdebtsalesinabidtoimprovemarketconditions.過去,美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表擴(kuò)張過幾次,包括在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間為改善市場(chǎng)狀況而大舉買入債券。Butthecurrenteraisthefirsttimeinhistorythatsuchalargegroupofcentralbankshasundertakensuchasubstantialvolumeofco-ordinatedbuyingoverthespaceofnearlyadecade.但是,當(dāng)前時(shí)代有這么多央行在近10年內(nèi)協(xié)調(diào)買入這么大規(guī)模的債券,這在歷史上是第一次出現(xiàn)。Whatwasintendedasatemporaryemergencymeasurehasevolvedintoasignificantchallengeforpolicymakersastheycontemplatehowtoreturntonormalmonetaryconditions.初衷是作為臨時(shí)緊急措施的行動(dòng),已演變成政策制定者面臨的一項(xiàng)重大挑戰(zhàn),他們正在考慮如何恢復(fù)正常的貨幣狀況。Withtheworld’sleadingmonetarypolicymakerspreparingfortheirannualglobalgatheringatJacksonHolenextweek,marketsarecloselywatchingMarioDraghi,ECBpresident,foranyindicationthatheispreparingtowithdrawtheeurozone’s$2tnbond-buyingprogramme.在世界主要貨幣政策制定者準(zhǔn)備下周在杰克遜霍爾(JacksonHole)舉行年度全球會(huì)議之際,市場(chǎng)正密切關(guān)注歐洲央行行長(zhǎng)馬里奧?德拉吉(MarioDraghi)的一舉一動(dòng),試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)他在準(zhǔn)備撤出歐元區(qū)2萬億美元債券購買計(jì)劃的線索。譯者/何黎Alibabaprofitssurgepast$2bn阿里巴巴季度盈利突破20億美元更新于2017年8月18日06:05英國(guó)《金融時(shí)報(bào)》路易絲?盧卡斯香港報(bào)道Alibabareportedaneardoublinginnetincometomorethan$2bninitsfirstfiscalquarter,beatinganalystexpectationsastheboominChineseonlineshoppingshowslittlesignofslowing.阿里巴巴(Alibaba)報(bào)告在本財(cái)年第一財(cái)季凈利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)近一倍,至逾20億美元,超過分析師預(yù)期。中國(guó)在線購物的繁榮沒有放緩跡象。TheChineseecomme

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