謝孟媛中級文法(比較)

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比較(33-37)

一.比較變化

1.規(guī)則變化

原級+er,est

原級字尾有e+r,st

短母音加子音>重復字尾+er,est母音a,e,i,o,u

子音+y>去y+ier,iest

more,most+多音節(jié)

2.farther,further

RomeisfartherfromLondonthanParisis.Farther/further表距離

Didyougetfurtherinformation?Further['f?:e?]表程度

3.late

laterlatest時間

latterlast順序

Hegotuplaterthanusual.

Thelatterpartofthestorywasinteresting.

ThisisthelatestnewsfromAmerica.latestnews最新消息

Thisishislastwork.

4.old

olderoldest表年齡

eldereldest表長幼

HeisolderthanI.

Myelder(長輩)/older(老)brotherisinTaipei.

二.原級比較

1.Sportsareasimportantasstudies.

Heisasniceapersonashisfather.

2.Hedoesnotworkas/sohardashisbrother(does).

ThisJapanese-videogameisnotas/soexpensiveastheTaiwanese-one.

3.Shehasasmanydressesashersister(does).

Idon’tknowasmanypeopleasshe(does).

4.…timesas…as…

Thebridgeistwiceaslongasthatone.

=Thatbridgeishalfaslongasthisone.

ImportedbookscostthreetimesasmuchasTaiwanesebooks.costv.價值

Taiwanesebookscostonetriedasmuchasimportedbooks.

<注意>

可以用length(long),width(wide),height(high),weight(heavy),depth(deep),size(large,big)

Thisboxisonequarteraslargeasthatone.

=Thisboxisonequarterthesizeofthatone.

5.As…aspossible/onecan

Callthepoliceassoonaspossible/youcan.

assoonaspossible(a.s.a.p)

soon時間快quick/quickly速度快

Itoldhimtocomehomeasearlyaspossible/hecould.

As…as慣用片語

asbusyasabee非常忙碌

ascoolasacucumber極端冷靜

ascunningasafox十分狡猾

cunning['k?ni?]adj.狡猾的；可愛的；巧妙的

asdeadasadoornail了無聲息/完全(或肯定、確實無疑地)死了的，確已僵死了的

doornail['d?:nei]n.門釘，大頭釘子

nailn.指甲；釘子

asflatasapancake

flat[fl?t]adj.平坦的pancake['p?nkeik]n.煎餅

assweetashoney非常甜美

aslikeastwopeas

pea[pi:]n.[植]豌豆

特殊句型

6.Notsomuch…as…與其說…不如說…

Itwasnotsomuchacrimeasamistake.

=Itwasratheramistakethanacrime.

=Itwasamistakeratherthanacrime.

7.Notsomuchas…/withoutsomuchas…連…也沒有

Themandidn’tsomuchasapologizetome.

didn’tapologize用原形

Heleftmewithoutsomuchassayingthanks.

withoutsaying用VIng

8.As…asever依然

Shelooksashappyasever

Heisasgreatanartistaseverlived.

ever

Didyouevergofishing?你曾經(jīng)釣過魚嗎?

Doyouevergofishing(inyoufreetime)?你平常釣魚嗎?

9.As…asany+單數(shù)名詞和任何人一樣

Heisashardworkingasany(person)inthevillage.

person可省

10.Asmany/muchas+數(shù)詞多達…

Asmanyasfiftythousandbirdsspendthewinterhere.

Ipaidasmuchas200dollarsforthissweater.

11.“多達”的其他表現(xiàn)

Radiobroadcastingstartedasearlyas1920.

Hegoestomoviesasoftenasthreetimesamonth.

12.Asmany/much…同數(shù)的,同量的

Ifoundsixmistakesinasmanylines.

Thetourgroupvisitedfivecitiesinasmanydays.

13.Asgoodas…幾乎等于…非褒義

Thishouseisagreatbuy.It’sasgoodasnew.

Thishouseisagreatbuy.買對了

Hiscarisasgoodasapieceofjunk.像垃圾一樣垃圾貶義

三.比較級比較

1.Than

Dogsareclevererthancats.

表全體狗:adog/dogs

ShecanspeakEnglishbetterthanI/me/Ican.副詞比較級

2.…the比較級ofthetwo兩者中較

Thisguitaristhebetterofthetwo.

3.強調(diào)比較級

much/many,even,far,byfar,farandaway,alot/lots,~得多

still,更加地

agooddeal,agreatdeal,相當?shù)?/p>

somewhatrather,稍微

abit,alittlebit,alittle一點點

large容量大big體積大

大份薯條用large

1.Hishouseismuchlargerthanmine.

“大”是抽象用much強調(diào)

2.Youwillfindmanymoreamusementsinbigcitiesthansmalltowns.

“游樂場”是可數(shù)用many強調(diào)

4.劣等比較

~less原級than~~比~較不

Goingbybusislessexpensivethangoingbytaxi.

=Goingbybusisnotasexpensiveasgoingbytaxi.

=Goingbytaxiismoreexpensivethangoingbybus.

Instantnoodlesarelessnutritiousthanrice.

instantfood速熟食品

fastfood速買食品

5.省略than

IhavetostudyEnglishharderthisyearbecauseI’mathirdyearstudent.三年級學生

Whydon’tyouuseasharperknife?

重要表現(xiàn)

6.More~than…與其…不如~

Shewasmoresadthanangry.

她是難過

Itismoreflatterythanpraise.

與其說是稱贊不如說是討好

形容詞不管是單音節(jié)或多音節(jié),都用more+adj.形式

flattery['fl?t?ri]

7.比較級and比較級越來越…

It’sgettingdarkeranddarker.

Entranceexamsarebecomingmoreandmoredifficult.

8.The比較級…,the比較級…越…就越…

Theorderwegrow,theweakerourmemorybecomes.

ThelongerIwaited,thelesspatientIbecome.

Themorewegettogether,thehappierwewillbe.

Themoretimeyouhave,themoreworkyoucando.

9.(all)the比較級for+名詞/because~因為~因此便….

Werespecthim(all)themoreforhishonesty.

Werespecthim(all)themorebecauseheishonest.

因為誠實我們更尊敬他

Sheworksalltheharderbecausesheisamother.

因為身為人母,他更努力工作.

注意負面時

Heworkednonetheharderbecausehebecameafather.

雖說成為父親但并不代表會更努力工作.

Nonethe比較級for+名詞/because~因為~因此便….

10.Muchless…更不用說

Idon’tlikemathematics,muchlessphysics.

Mathematicsishard.一個科目,單數(shù)名詞

Theoldmancannotevenwork,muchlessrun.

11.Superiorto~,seniorto~

本身含有比較含有的單詞,不可用than,改用to

Superior,inferior優(yōu)秀的,拙劣的[sju:'piri?][in'fi?ri?]

Myinferiors我的晚輩

Senior,junior年長的,年幼的

Major,minor(程度)較大的,較小的['main?]

Prior,posterior前面的,后面的['prai?][p?'sti?ri?]

Postwar戰(zhàn)后

HeisfiveyearsolderthanI

=Heisfiveyearsseniortome.

=Heisseniortomebyfiveyears.

Ipreferplayingsportstowatchingthem.

Prefer動詞哦

12.Moreorless,soonerorlater

Ourguesswasmoreorlesscorrect.

moreorlessadv.多多少少

Soonerorlateryouwillfindyourmissingchild.

13.Knowbetterthan~(toVR)不會傻到

Hadbetter~(VR)最好~

Iknowbetterthantogosailingwithoutalifejacket.

Youhadbetternotgo.

14.Nomorethan等

no和notIhavenomoney.

Idon’thaveanymoney.

No=notany

1.Nomorethan=only只有~而已

Ihavenomorethan100dollars.

我有100元,再沒有其他了>只有

2.Notmorethan=atmost頂多~

Ihavenotmorethan100dollars.

我沒有更多100元>頂多

3.Nolessthan=asmuchas有~之多

Ihavenolessthan100dollars.

我有100元,再沒有更少的了>我有100耶!

4.Notlessthan=atleast至少

Ihavenotlessthan100dollars.

我沒有少于100元.>至少

15.Nomore~than~等

1.Nomore~than~和~一樣不

Iamnomoremadthanyouare.

我和你一樣少瘋>不瘋

2.Notmore~than~不像~那樣~

Iamnotmoremadthanyouare.

我不比你多瘋>沒你瘋

3.Noless~than~與~同樣地~

Iamnolessmadthanyouare.

我和你一樣多瘋>很瘋

4.Notless~than~與~有過之而無不及

Iamnotlessmadthanyouare

我不比你少瘋>半斤&八兩

四.最高級

A.最高級+in~/of~/that+S+V

1.Februaryistheshortestofallthemonths.

2.Hedrives(the)mostcarefullyofusall.

副詞最高級the常省

3.ThisisthefinestviewthatI’veeverseen.

4.Picassoisoneofthemostfamouspaintersofthe20thcentury.

畢加索

5.Thisisthetriedmostpopularsonginthehitchartthisweek.

最受歡迎中的第三

B.強調(diào)最高級

Very,much,byfar,farandaway

1.Sheismuch/byfar/farandawaythebestsingerinthecountry.

Sheistheverybestsingerinthecountry.

C.The的省略

1.同一人事物不加the

ThislakeisthedeepestinJapan.

Thislakeisdeepesthere.此湖這里最深

TheairinthisareaisthecleanestinJapan.

Theairinthisareaiscleanestwhenthefactoriesareclosed.

2.敘述用法不加the

Iamhappy.敘述用法

Iamahappygirl.補述用法補了happy

IfeelhappiestwhenI’mwithmyfriend.

也可理解為同一人不加the

D.三級互換

Bobismorehandsomethananyotherboyinmyclass.

=NootherboyinmyclassismorehandsomethanBob.

=NootherboyinmyclassisashandsomeasBob.

因為我們班包括Bob所以加other

重要表現(xiàn)

E.Even+最高級甚至連…

1.Eventherichestmanintheworldcan’tbuyherheart.

2.Eventhemosttalentedstudentinourclasswasn’tabletoanswerit.

F.Atbest/atthebest,atmos