簡單句等-課件完整版

簡單句、陳述句、一般/特殊/選擇/反意疑問句祈使句、感嘆句含義:只有一個(gè)主語(或并列主語)和一個(gè)謂語(或并列謂語)的句子1.根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu),簡單句可分為5種①S+V ②S+V+O ③S+V+P④S+V+InO+Do ⑤S+V+O+C(S:主語 V:謂語 O:賓語 P:表語 C:賓語補(bǔ)足語InO:間接賓語Do:直接賓語)2.根據(jù)句子的功能,簡單句可分為4類陳述句、疑問句、祈使句、感嘆句一、陳述句1.肯定句2.否定句①加not構(gòu)成的否定句②由no,hardly,never,nobody,few,little等構(gòu)成的否定句其中兩者的全部否定用neither,部分否定用both+not________ofthemknowsFrench.________ofthem________knowFrench.三者或三者以上的全部否定用none,nothing,nobody,noone部分否定用all,many,every加not構(gòu)成______oftheseanswersareright.______ofthesebooks_______mine.NeitherBothdon’tNoneAllaren’t③否定前置(think/believe/suppose)我認(rèn)為明天不會(huì)很冷_____________________________________________二、疑問句按結(jié)構(gòu)分為:一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、反意疑問句、選擇疑問句一般疑問句①用來回答的疑問句②以動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞開頭的句子2.特殊疑問句用疑問代詞或疑問副詞提問的句子,不能用Yes,No回答Idon’tthinkitwillbeverycoldtomorrow.①疑問詞作句子的賓語、狀語、表語時(shí),用疑問詞+一般疑問句Whatelsedidyoudoyesterday?②疑問詞作主語或主語的定語時(shí),與陳述句順序相同WhosefatherworksinShanghai?Whoisyoubrother?3.反意疑問句:前肯后否,前否后肯,前后時(shí)態(tài)一致,否定用縮寫;助動(dòng)詞,情動(dòng),be動(dòng)詞直接拿來肯定或否定,要用代詞he,she,it,they①構(gòu)成:陳述句+簡短問句Jimisn’tastudent,_______?Therearesomebooksinit,___________?②陳述部分I’m…結(jié)構(gòu),疑問部分一般用aren’tII’mlate,_______?③表否定含義的詞:little,few,no,never,nothing,nobody,hardlyTherearefewstudentsintheclassroom,________?④陳述句中有指物的不定代詞nothing,something,anything作主語時(shí),簡短問句中用it;陳述句中有指人的不定代詞everyone,noone,someone,everybody,nobody,anybody作主語時(shí),簡短問句中用he/theyishearen’ttherearen’tIarethereEveryoneishere,____________________?

Anythingispossible,________?⑤陳述部分如果是I(don’t)think/believe/suppose+賓語從句時(shí),疑問部分由賓從主謂來決定Idon’tthinksheknowsit,__________?⑥含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的句子表猜測時(shí),疑問部分與must后面部分一致;當(dāng)must表示“有必要”時(shí)，疑問部分用needn’t;當(dāng)mustn’t表示禁止時(shí)，疑問部分用mustYoumustn’twalkongrass,________you?Youmustgohomerightnow,________you?Youmustbetired,_______you?isn’the/aren’ttheyisn’titdoesshemustneedn’taren’t⑦祈使句的反意疑問句祈肯/祈否+willyou?Let’s…+shallwe?(包括對(duì)方)Letus…+willyou?(不包括對(duì)方）⑧感嘆句的反意疑問句一律用否定Whatalovelygirl,___________?

Howfastheruns,____________?⑨對(duì)于前肯后否的反意疑問句要用倒推法Youcan’tspeakEnglish,canyou?____________.IamfromNewYork.____________.Iplantolearnit.isn’tshedoesn’theYes,IcanNo,Ican’t⑩關(guān)于d與sHe’dlikeacupoftea,_____________?You’dbettergonow,___________?He’sneverlateforschool,________?He’sneverbeenthere,________?4.選擇疑問句指用or連接詢問的兩部分任選其一回答AreyouJimorTom?______________________.三、祈使句含義:用以表示命令,請(qǐng)求或建議,無主語關(guān)鍵詞:please結(jié)構(gòu):祈肯以動(dòng)原開頭,祈否Don’t+動(dòng)原Don’truninthehallways.Pleaseclosethewindows.wouldn’thehadn’tyouishehasheI’mJim./I’mTom四、感嘆句用以表示快樂,痛苦等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子稱為感嘆句感嘆句有用how或what引導(dǎo)兩種形式How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句①How+形/副+主+謂Howbeautifulthefloweris!Howhappilytheyareplaying!②how修飾動(dòng)詞,句型是“How+主+謂HowIwishIcouldhearBeethovenhimselfplayit!2.What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句①What+a/an+形+可數(shù)名單+主+謂Whatanicehouseitis!②What+形+不可數(shù)/可數(shù)名復(fù)多好的天氣??！_________________________多好的消息??！_________________________多美味的食物啊！_______________________多重要的消息??！_______________________多有用的信息?。______________________多辛苦的工作?。______________________多優(yōu)美的音樂啊！_______________________Whatfi