考研考博-英語-宜賓職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宜賓職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Therewereseveralexplanationsofthephenomenon,nobody______therightonethefirsttime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gotholdof

B.agreedupon

C.hiton

D.caughtupwith

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)“gotholdof”意為“把握；抓?。坏玫健?；B選項(xiàng)“agreedupon”意為“對……取得一致意見；同意某主意”；C選項(xiàng)“hiton”意為“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；忽然想到”；D選項(xiàng)“caughtupwith”意為“趕上；逮捕；處罰”。句意：對這一現(xiàn)象有幾種解釋，但沒有人一開始就能忽然想到正確的解釋。由題干可知，therightone指正確的解釋，所以相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是想到。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.單選題

Atthesametime,thepublicwillnotadmittherandom,（

）alterationofplans,norwithoutcomplainthechangeablenessofplans.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.capricious

B.randomicity

C.unpublicized

D.sedentary

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞及名詞辨析。capricious“反復(fù)無常的”；randomicity“任意性”；unpublicized“未公布的”；sedentary“靜坐的”。句意：同時(shí)，民眾將不會(huì)容許對計(jì)劃進(jìn)行任意和反復(fù)無常的變更，也不會(huì)毫無怨言的容許計(jì)劃的易變性。由random及changeablenessofplans可知A項(xiàng)符合題意。答案A。

3.單選題

TheprefixMachisusedtodescribesupersonicspeed.ItwasnamedforErnstMach(1838-1916),aCzech-bornAustrianphysicist,whocontributedtothestudyofsound.Whentwicethespeedofsound,itisMach2.Whenitisnearbutbelowthespeedofsound,itsspeedcanbedesignatedatlessthanMach1,forexample,Mach0.9.Machisdefinedas“theratioofthevelocityofarocketorajettothevelocityofsoundinthemediumbeingconsidered.”

Whenaplanepassesthesoundbarrier—flyingfasterthansoundtravels—listenersintheareahearthunderclaps,butthepilotoftheplanedoesnothearthem.

Soundisproducedbyvibrationsofanobjectandistransmittedbyalternateincreaseanddecreaseinpressurethatradiateoutwardthroughamaterialmediaofmolecules—somewhatlikewavesspreadingoutonapondafterarockhasbeentossedintoit.

Thefrequencyofsoundisdeterminedbythenumberoftimesthevibratingwavesundulate（波動(dòng)）persecondandismeasuredincyclespersecond.Theslowerthecycleofwaves,thelowerthefrequency.Asfrequenciesincrease,thesoundishigherinpitch.

Soundisaudibletohumanbeingsonlyifthefrequencyfallswithinacertainrange.Thehumanearisusuallynotsensitivetofrequenciesoffewerthan20vibrationspersecond,ormorethanabout20,000vibrationspersecond—althoughthisrangevariesamongindividuals.Anythingatapitchhigherthanthehumanearcanhearistermedultrasonic.

Intensity,orloudness,isthestrengthofthepressureoftheseradiatingwavesandismeasuredindecibels.Thehumanearrespondstointensityinarangefromzeroto120decibels.Anysoundwithpressureover120decibelsispainfultothehumanear.

Thespeedofsoundisgenerallyplacedat1.088feetpersecondatsealevelat32degreesFahrenheit.Itvariesinothertemperaturesandindifferentmedia.Soundtravelsfasterinwaterthaninair,andevenfasterinironandsteel.Ittravelsamilein5secondsinair,itdoesamileunderwaterin1second,andittravelsthroughironin1/3second.Ittravelsthroughicecoldvaporatapproximately4,708feetpersecond;ice-coldwater,4,938;granite,12,960;hardwood,12,620;brick,11,960;glass,16,410to19,690;silver,8,658;gold,5,717.

1.Accordingtothispassage,“Mach”refersto（

）.

2.Soundisproducedby

（

）.

3.Decibelis

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisaTRUEstatement?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleofthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theratiooftheairspeedofanaircrafttothespeedofsound

B.amachine

C.aCzech-bornAustralianphysicist

D.thepilotoftheplane

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.vibrationsofanobjectpassingthroughtheair

B.spreadingofwavesafterarockbeingtossedintoapond

C.thunders

D.aflyingplane

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thefrequencyofradiatingwaves

B.thepressureofradiatingwaves

C.theunitformeasuringtheintensityofsound

D.thespeedofsound

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Soundtravelsfastestthroughthehardestthing.

B.Soundtravelsatdifferentspeedindifferenttemperaturesandindifferentmedia.

C.Soundtravelsfastestinhottesttemperature.

D.Soundtravelsfastestincoldesttemperature.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ThePrefixMach.

B.TheSpeedofSound.

C.TheFrequencyofSound.

D.TheIntensityofSound.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Mach定位到文章第一段中，由Machisdefinedas“theratioofthevelocityofarocketorajettothevelocityofsoundinthemediumbeingconsidered.”（馬赫被定義為“在被考慮的媒介中，火箭或飛機(jī)的速度與聲速的比率”）可知選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的Soundisproducedbyvibrationsofanobjectandistransmittedbyalternateincreaseanddecreaseinpressurethatradiateoutwardthroughamaterialmediaofmolecules（聲音是由物體的振動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的，并通過分子的物質(zhì)介質(zhì)向外輻射的壓力的交替增加和減少而傳播）可知A選項(xiàng)“物體通過空氣的振動(dòng)”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞decibel定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段中，由Intensity,orloudness,isthestrengthofthepressureoftheseradiatingwavesandismeasuredindecibels.（強(qiáng)度，或響度，是這些輻射波的壓力強(qiáng)度，以分貝為單位）可知C選項(xiàng)“測量聲音強(qiáng)度的單位”符合題意。

4.推理判讀題。文章最后一段的“Itvariesinothertemperaturesandindifferentmedia.（它在其他溫度和不同的介質(zhì)中變化）”中的it指的是前句中的“thespendofsound（聲音的速度）”，然后介紹了在不同介質(zhì)中傳播的速度不同，因此B選項(xiàng)“聲音以不同的速度在不同的溫度和不同的介質(zhì)中傳播”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。A選項(xiàng)僅適合文章第一段的主題；C選項(xiàng)僅適合第四段和第五段的主題；D選項(xiàng)僅適合第六段的主題。文章首段與尾段都提到了聲音的速度，中間也有提到，因此B選項(xiàng)“聲音的速度”符合題意。

4.單選題

Whiletyping,Kathyhadahabitofstopping（）ogiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.occasionally

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：在打字的時(shí)候，凱西停下來梳理一下她柔順的長發(fā)的習(xí)慣。promptly敏捷地，迅速地；simultaneously同時(shí)地；eventually最終，最后；occasionally偶爾。因此，D項(xiàng)符合句意。

5.單選題

ValetaYoung,81,aretireefromLodi,Calif.,suffersfromcongestiveheartfailureandrequiresalmostconstantmonitoring.Butshedoesn’thavetodriveanywheretogetit.Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale.Answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttonsonasmallattachedmonitorandpressesabuttonthatsendstheinformationtoanurse’sstationinSanAntonio,Texas.“It’salmostadirectlinktomydoctor,”saysYoung,whodescribesherselfascomputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.

Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology,withmorethan25firmscompetingtomeasureremotely—andtransmitbyphone,Internetorthroughtheairwaves—everythingfrompatients’heartratestohowoftentheycough.

Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingcomputerizationofhealth-careequipment,doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.InMarch,St.FrancisUniversityinPittsburgh,Pa.,partneredwithacompanycalledBodyMediaonastudyinwhichruraldiabetespatientsusewirelessglucosemetersandarmbandsensorstomonitortheirdisease.Andlastfall,Yahoobeganofferingsubscriberstheabilitytocharttheirasthmaconditionsonline.UsingaPDA-sizerespiratorymonitorthatmeasureslungfunctionsinrealtimeande-mailsthedatedirectlytodoctors.

Suchhomemonitoring,saysDr.GeorgeDailey,aphysicianattheScrippsClinicinSanDiego,“couldsomedayreplacelessproductivewaysthatpatientstrack,changesintheirheartrte.Bloodsugar,lipidlevels,kidneyfunctionsandevenvision.”

Dr.TimothyMoore,executivevicepresidentofAlereMedical,whichproducedthesmartscalesthatYoungandmorethan10,000otherpatientsareusing,saysthatalmostanyvitalsigncould,intheory,bemonitoredfromhome.But,hewarns,thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely,forexample,andalthoughheacknowledgesthatremotemonitoringofblood-sugarlevelsanddiabeticulcersontheskinmayhaverealvalue,hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.

Suchstudiesareneededbecausethetechnologyisstillinitsinfancyandmedicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.Butononethingtheyallagree:youshouldneverrelyonanyremotetestingsystemwithoutclearingitwithyourdoctor.

66.HowdoesYoungmonitorherhealthconditions?

67.WhichofthefollowingisNOTusedinremotemonitoring?

68.Theword“prompted”mostprobablymeans____.

69.WhyisDr.TimothyMooreagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely?

70.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Byestablishingadirectlinktoherdoctor.

B.Byansweringafewyesornoquestions.

C.Bysteppingonanelectronicscale.

D.Byusingremotemonitoringservice.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theairwaves

B.telephone

C.Internet

D.car

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.made

B.reminded

C.aroused

D.driven

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitsvaluehasnotbeenprovedbyscientificstudy.

B.Becauseitisalessproductivewayofmonitoring.

C.Becauseitdoesn’tmakegoodmedicalsense.

D.Becauseitisnotallowedbydoctors.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Computerilliterateisadvisednottouseremotemonitoring.

B.Thedevelopmentofremotemonitoringmarketisrathersluggish.

C.Remotemonitoringismainlyusedtotrackchronicdiseases.

D.Medicalexpertsagreeonthevalueofremotemonitoring.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】66.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“Young是如何監(jiān)測自己的健康狀況的？”A選項(xiàng)“通過和她的醫(yī)生建立直接聯(lián)系”，可定位到第1段最后一句…It’salmostadirectlinktomydoctor…（……這幾乎和我的醫(yī)生有直接聯(lián)系……）；B選項(xiàng)“通過回答幾個(gè)是或不是的問題”,可定位到第1段第4句Answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttons…（通過按鍵回答一些是或不是的問題……）；C選項(xiàng)“通過踩在電子秤上”,可定位到第1段第3句Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale.（她每天兩次踏上一個(gè)特殊的電子秤。）；D選項(xiàng)“通過使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控服務(wù)”，可定位到第2段第1、2句Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology…（Young并不是唯一一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離醫(yī)生的病人。遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控是醫(yī)療技術(shù)中迅速發(fā)展的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域。）綜上可以看出，Young是通過D選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控服務(wù)”來監(jiān)測自己的健康狀況的，A、B、C選項(xiàng)均為遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控的具體措施。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

67.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“以下哪一項(xiàng)在遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控中不使用”，可定位到第2段最后一句Remotemonitoring…—andtransmitbyphone,Internetorthroughtheairwaves…（遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控……通過電話、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或電視廣播傳輸……）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“電視廣播”、B選項(xiàng)“電話”、C選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”都用到了，D選項(xiàng)“汽車”沒有用到。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

68.詞義推測題。題干“prompted這個(gè)詞的意思很可能是____”，可定位到第3段第1句Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingcomputerizationofhealth-careequipment,doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.（被醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用的增加和醫(yī)療保健設(shè)備電腦化程度的提高_(dá)___，醫(yī)生們使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控來跟蹤越來越多種類的慢性病。）根據(jù)句意可知，“醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用的增加和醫(yī)療保健設(shè)備電腦化程度的提高”推動(dòng)了“醫(yī)生們使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控來跟蹤越來越多種類的慢性病”，D選項(xiàng)“驅(qū)策”最符合句意。A選項(xiàng)“制造”、B選項(xiàng)“提醒”、C選項(xiàng)“引起”，不符合語境。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

69.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“為什么TimothyMoore醫(yī)生反對遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖”，可定位到第5段第2句But,hewarns,thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely,forexample…（但是，他提醒說，這在醫(yī)學(xué)上可能并不總是合理的。例如，他建議不要遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖。）由此可知，他反對遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖是因?yàn)檫@么做在醫(yī)學(xué)上不合理，C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@在醫(yī)學(xué)上說不通”表述正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗膬r(jià)值還沒有被科學(xué)研究證實(shí)”，可定位到第5段最后一句hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.（他指出，目前還沒有真正獨(dú)立的研究能夠確定糖尿病或哮喘家庭測試的價(jià)值。）由此可知，沒有被科學(xué)研究證實(shí)價(jià)值的是糖尿病或哮喘家庭測試，而非遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖，選項(xiàng)表述不正確，排除；

B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@是一種效率較低的監(jiān)控方式”、D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@是醫(yī)生不允許的”原文并未提及，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

70.判斷推理題。題干“根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的?”A選項(xiàng)“不懂電腦的人最好不要使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控”，可定位到第1段最后一句…Young,whodescribesherselfascomputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.（Young自稱是電腦盲，但說她使用這些設(shè)備沒有問題。）由此可知，不懂電腦的人也可以使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；B選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控市場的發(fā)展相當(dāng)緩慢”，可定位到第2段第2句Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology…（遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控是醫(yī)療技術(shù)中迅速發(fā)展的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域。）選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；C選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)測主要用于慢性病的跟蹤”，可定位到第3段第1句…doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.（醫(yī)生們正在使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控來追蹤越來越多種類的慢性病。）由此可知，遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控主要用于慢性病，選項(xiàng)表述正確；D選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)專家認(rèn)同遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控的價(jià)值”，可定位到最后一段第1句…medicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.（醫(yī)學(xué)專家對它的價(jià)值意見不一。）由此可知，有的專家認(rèn)同，有的專家不認(rèn)同，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

6.單選題

Theydecidedto____theirdifferencesinpursuitofacommongoal.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.submit

B.surrender

C.substitute

D.submerge

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.submit屈從B.surrender投降

C.substitute替代D.submerge湮滅

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與動(dòng)詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處所在部分語義為“____他們的差異”，由此可知，該動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞，直接帶賓語“他們的差異”；根據(jù)后文“為了追求一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)”可知，他們應(yīng)該是放棄了、擱置了或消除了差異，以追求共同的目標(biāo)。綜上所述，D選項(xiàng)submerge“湮滅”最符合題意，submergetheirdifferences“消除他們的差異”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)submit“屈從”，常搭配介詞to，原句中沒有介詞，側(cè)重于指向……屈服，不得已接受；

B選項(xiàng)surrender“投降”，常搭配介詞to，原句中沒有介詞，側(cè)重于指投降或被迫放棄；

C選項(xiàng)substitute“替代”，不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】他們決定消除分歧以追求一個(gè)共同的目標(biāo)。

7.翻譯題

Still,theideaofanimalsfeelingemotionsremainscontroversialamongmanyscientists.Researchers’skepticismisfueledinpartbytheirprofessionalaversiontoanthropomorphism(動(dòng)物人格化),theverynonscientifictendencytoattributehumanqualitiestononhumans.Manyscientistsalsosaythatitisimpossibletoproveanimalshaveemotionsusingstandardscientificmethods—repeatableobservationsthatcanbemanipulatedincontrolledexperiments—leadingthemtoconcludethatsuchfeelingsmustnotexist.Today,however,amidmountingevidencetothecontrary,“thetideisturningradicallyandrapidly,”saysBekoff,whoisattheforefrontofthismovement.

Eventhemostharshskepticsofanimalpassionagreethatmanycreaturesexperiencefear—whichsomescientistsdefineasa“primary”emotionthatcontrastswith“secondary”emotionssuchasloveandgrief.Unlikethesemorecomplexfeelings,fearisinstinctiveandrequiresnoconsciousthought.

Butbeyondsuchinstinctiveemotionsandtheirpredictablebehavioralresponses,thepossibilityofmorecomplexanimalfeelings—thosethatentailmentalprocessing—isdifficulttodemonstrate,becausefeelingsareintangible,andsotoughtostudyscientifically.

Thenewcaseforanimalemotionscomesinpartfromthegrowingacceptabilityoffieldobservations,particularlywhentheyaretakeninaggregate.Thelatestcontributiontothisbodyofknowledgeisanewbook.TheSmileofaDolphin,whichpresentspersonalreportsfrommorethan50researcherswhohavespenttheircareersstudyinganimals—fromcats,dogs,andchimpstobirdsandfish,editedbyBekoff,whosaysitwillfinally“l(fā)egitimize”researchonanimalemotions.

【答案】【參考譯文】

但是，許多科學(xué)家仍然對動(dòng)物也有情感的觀點(diǎn)持有異議。研究人員之所以表示懷疑，部分原因是他們出于職業(yè)習(xí)慣討厭擬人論，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這是一種將人類的特性強(qiáng)加在非人類生物身上的毫無科學(xué)根據(jù)的主觀傾向。許多科學(xué)家還認(rèn)為用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的科學(xué)方法無法證明動(dòng)物是有情感的——在受控實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境下可進(jìn)行重復(fù)觀察——這使他們得出結(jié)論，認(rèn)為這些所謂的動(dòng)物情感一定不存在。但是如今出現(xiàn)越來越多相反的證據(jù)。站在這場運(yùn)動(dòng)前沿的貝科夫說道：“這場運(yùn)動(dòng)的潮流正在根本性地迅速轉(zhuǎn)向?！?/p>

甚至連那些對動(dòng)物情感論持絕對懷疑態(tài)度的人也認(rèn)為，許多動(dòng)物有恐懼感——有的科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，恐懼是與愛和悲傷等“中級”情感相對的“初級”情感。與較為復(fù)雜的“中級”情感相比，恐懼是一種本能，它不需要任何有意識的思維。

但是，除了這些具有本能性質(zhì)的情感及其可預(yù)見的行為反應(yīng)之外，科學(xué)家很難證明動(dòng)物可能存在更為復(fù)雜的情感，即那些需要有心理活動(dòng)過程的情感，因?yàn)楦星槭菬o形的，很難用科學(xué)的方法進(jìn)行研究。

動(dòng)物情感方面出現(xiàn)新主張，部分原因是越來越多的人愿意接受研究人員取得的實(shí)地觀察結(jié)果，特別是把這些觀察結(jié)果匯總到一起時(shí)。新書《海豚的微笑》對這一知識體系做出了最新貢獻(xiàn)。該書收錄了50多名研究人員撰寫的個(gè)人報(bào)告，這些研究人員將自己的整個(gè)職業(yè)生涯都傾注在對動(dòng)物的研究——貓、狗、熊、黑猩猩、鳥和魚等動(dòng)物。該書的編輯貝科夫認(rèn)為，這本書最終會(huì)使動(dòng)物情感的研究“合法化”。

8.單選題

Beefcattle______ofalllivestockforeconomicgrowthinthecertaingeographicregions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.themostareimportant

B.arethemostimportant

C.isthemostimportant

D.thataremostimportant

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子成分。句意：在某些地區(qū)，肉牛是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長最重要的牲畜。根據(jù)題目和選項(xiàng)確定句子結(jié)構(gòu)為主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語結(jié)構(gòu)，所以用be動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)cattle是集合名詞確定用復(fù)數(shù)形式；根據(jù)形容詞最高級結(jié)構(gòu)為themost+adj.確定用themostimportant，所以B選項(xiàng)arethemostimportant符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thisnewroundoflayoffoccurringinmajorindustrialcitieswillonlyreduceprofitsand（

）aneconomiccrisis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rectify

B.precipitate

C.offend

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rectify“改正，校正”；B選項(xiàng)precipitate“使……突然降臨；加速（壞事的發(fā)生），使突然陷入（某種狀態(tài)）”；C選項(xiàng)offend“得罪，冒犯，犯罪”；D選項(xiàng)alternate“交替，輪流”。由reduceprofitsand_____aneconomiccrisis（減少利潤和_____經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)）可知B選項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：主要工業(yè)城市新一輪的停產(chǎn)只會(huì)降低利潤并陷入經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。

10.單選題

Thereistoogreata（

）ofalcoholinBritain.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consumption

B.destruction

C.absence

D.transmission

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。consumption“消費(fèi)；消耗”；destruction“破壞；毀滅”；absence“缺乏；缺席”；transmission“傳動(dòng)裝置;傳送”。句意：英國的酒精消耗太大了。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

11.單選題

Awordprocessorismuchbetterthanatypewriterinthatitenablesyoutoenterand（

）yourtextmoreeasily.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.register

B.edit

C.propose

D.discharge

【答案】B

【解析】句意:文字信息處理機(jī)比打字機(jī)好得多，因?yàn)樗苁鼓愀菀椎剌斎牒途庉嬑谋尽?/p>

動(dòng)詞辨析。Register登記，注冊;edit編輯，校對;propose建議，打算;discharge排放，解雇。因此B符合句意。

12.單選題

ItisthehighhumiditythatmakesLondonwinterssochilly,（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notthelowtemperatures

B.notlownessoftemperatures

C.sincelowtemperaturesarenotaspresent

D.notthatitstemperaturesarebeinglow

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。這是個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，題目強(qiáng)調(diào)的是highhumidity，并且需填入的部分與thehighhumidity是并列成分，根據(jù)句意‘使倫敦的冬季如此之冷的是高濕度而不是低氣溫’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deteriorated

B.dissipated

C.dispersed

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deteriorate“惡化”；dissipate“浪費(fèi)”；disperse“分散”；drain“排水；耗盡”。句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他對工作的熱情慢慢耗盡了。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Thecouplehasdonatedanot（）amountofmoneytothefoundation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inconsiderable

B.inconsiderate

C.inaccurate

D.incomparable

【答案】A

【解析】句意:這對夫婦為這個(gè)基金會(huì)己經(jīng)捐獻(xiàn)了不少錢。

考查形容詞辨析。inconsiderable小的,不値得考慮的,微不足道的；inconsiderate輕率的,不顧別人的;inaccurate不精確的,不準(zhǔn)確的；incomparable無可匹敵的,不能比較的。故A符合句意。

15.單選題

A（）,hewasprobablyoneofthemostrealisticwritersofhisday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.self-confessingromantic

B.self-confessedromance

C.self-confessingromance

D.self-confessedromantic

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞性辨析。self-confessing無此用法，排除A和C選項(xiàng)；self-confessed“自認(rèn)為的”。根據(jù)后半句可知選項(xiàng)的重心是描述一個(gè)人，因此選擇romantic“浪漫的人”，而romance“傳奇，浪漫史，冒險(xiǎn)故事”不符合句意。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

16.單選題

Theprospectofincreasedpricehasalready（

）worries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.provoked

B.irritated

C.inspired

D.hoisted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。provoke“激起，挑起，引起”；irritate“刺激，使興奮，激怒”；inspire“激發(fā)，鼓舞，啟示”；hoist“把……吊起，升起”。句意：價(jià)格上漲的前景已經(jīng)引起了人們的擔(dān)憂。A項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

Thetargetiswrong,forinattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlies______ill-informedorincompetentusers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.at

C.with

D.on

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定詞組。A項(xiàng)liein“在于，睡懶覺”，B項(xiàng)lie沒有與at搭配的用法；C項(xiàng)liewith“取決于，是……的權(quán)利”，D項(xiàng)lieon“位于，壓迫，依賴”。句意：目標(biāo)是錯(cuò)誤的，因?yàn)樵谂険暨@類測試時(shí)，批評者沒有考慮其弊病來自人們對測試不甚了解或使用不當(dāng)。故正確答案為C。

18.單選題

Thefirehascausedgreatlosses,butthefactorytriedto______theconsequencesbysayingthatthedamagewasnotasseriousasreported.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.decrease

B.subtract

C.minimize

D.degrade

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)decrease“減少，減小”，強(qiáng)調(diào)事物逐漸減少的過程，主要是指數(shù)量、質(zhì)量等方面的減少；B選項(xiàng)subtract“減去”；C選項(xiàng)minimize“最小化，將……減到最小”；D選項(xiàng)degrade“降低（地位），貶低”。句意：這場火災(zāi)造成了巨大損失，但工廠表示損失沒有報(bào)道的嚴(yán)重，試圖將后果降到最低。

19.問答題

Directions:Afteryouhavereadthefollowingpassage,writeoutasummaryinEnglishwhitabout70to90words.PutyoursummaryontheANSWERSHEET.

WhatisSociety?Societyisagroupofhumanbeings,heldtogetherbyagreementforreasonsthataremutuallybeneficialtotheindividualmembers.Societiesoperateasawhole,asacollectivebody,chieflyinwaysthatlookoutforthehighestcommongoodofall.Membershavespecificrolesandresponsibilitieswithinthesociety.Oneofthebestdirectanalogiesiswiththehumanbodyitself.Thecellsareallalive,independently,yettheygrouptogetherandestablishroles,responsibilities,andrelationshipsthatallowagreaterwholetoexistthatismorethanjustthesumoftheparts.Thecellsgainfromthespecificrolestheyplaybecausetheyareallowedtobewhattheyaremoreeffectively.Further,theyaregivenalimitedawarenessofthewholethattheireffortsaidincreating.

Similarly,whenindividualhumanbeingsgrouptogethertoformsocieties,anorganizationiscreatedinwhichthemembersarethecells.Subgroupsofthemembersmayformorgansthroughwhichhigherlevelfunctionscanthenmanifest.Iftherelationshipsareloose,thebodycreatedhaslimitedfunctionalityoverthatofanyindividualmemberbecausethereislittlesynergy.Whentherelationshipsarecloseandfoundedonabasisoflove,thebodythuscreatedhassignificantfunctionalityoverthatoftheindividuals.Whenthegroupissmall,feworganscanbecreatedsothereislimitedcomplexityorfunctionality.Whenthegroupislarge,manyorganscanbecreated,resultinginhighlyincreasedcomplexityandfunctionality.Countries,regions,statescities,andneighborhoodscouldallbeconsideredtobesocietiesascouldteams,groups,andanyotherorganizationsofpeople.Forourpurposeshere,themostimportantsocietyisTheUnitedStatesofAmericasinceitistheoneestablishedtosetuptheNewOrderfortheAges,novusordoseclorum.

Societyismorethanthegovernment,however.Italsoincludesalltheeconomicandsocialinfrastructurenecessarytoprovidepeoplewithwhattheyneed.

【答案】參考范文：Societyisagroupofhumanbeings,heldtogetherbyagreementforreasonsthataremutuallybeneficialtotheindividualmembers.Societiesoperateasawhole,chieflyinwaysthatlookoutforthehighestcommongoodofall.Membershavespecificrolesandresponsibilitieswithinthesociety.Societyismorethanthegovernment,however.Italsoincludestheentireeconomicandsocialinfrastructurenecessarytoprovidepeoplewithwhattheyneed.

20.單選題

Theappearanceoftheusedcaris（）,it’smuchnewerthanitreallyis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.descriptive

B.indicative

C.deceptive

D.impressive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)descriptive“描述的，敘述的”；B選項(xiàng)indicative“指示的，預(yù)示的”；C選項(xiàng)deceptive“欺騙性的”；D選項(xiàng)impressive“令人印象深刻的”，句意：這輛舊車的外觀具有迷惑性，轎車比實(shí)際的樣子新得多，所以選C。

21.單選題

Afterthestormcausedrawsewagetoseepintothegroundwater,theWaterDepartmenthadtotakemeasuresto（

）thecity’swatersupply.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.refine

B.revive

C.freshen

D.decontaminate

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。refine“提煉，改善；revive“使復(fù)活，使恢復(fù)，使振奮”；freshen“使新鮮，使清爽，使有精神”；decontaminate“凈化，去除污染”，根據(jù)句意‘在風(fēng)暴導(dǎo)致未處理的污水滲入地下水后，供水部門必須采取措施（

）該市供水?！_定D選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Freshwaterisfiniteandvulnerableresource,essentialtosustainlife,developmentandtheenvironment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.likelytofail

B.likelytoaccumulate

C.likelytoimprove

D.likelytoenhance

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.likelytofail可能會(huì)缺乏B.likelytoaccumulate可能會(huì)積累

C.likelytoimprove可能會(huì)改善D.likelytoenhance可能會(huì)提高

【考查點(diǎn)】詞義推測

【解題思路】該詞形容的是“淡水資源”，說明淡水的特性，與其并列的形容詞是finite“有限的”，A選項(xiàng)likelytofail“可能會(huì)缺乏”（fail有“不足，缺乏”的意思）最符合語境，原詞vulnerable“易受傷害的；脆弱的”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)likelytoaccumulate“可能會(huì)積累”與“有限的”矛盾；

C選項(xiàng)likelytoimprove“可能會(huì)改善”，與原文不符；

D選項(xiàng)likelytoenhance“可能會(huì)提高”，與原文不符。

【句意】淡水是有限和脆弱的資源，對維持生命、發(fā)展和環(huán)境至關(guān)重要。

23.案例題

BarbieDolls

Flashyclothes,theperfectboyfriend,aCorvette,Ferrari,fullsizeapartmentwithbeautifulfurnitureandaboat.She'sthewomanwhohaseverythingandeveryyearreceivesmore.Sinceherintroductionin1959,theBarbiedollmaybethemostinfluentialiconofAmericancultureinthelatetwentiethcentury.

（1）.Sheattractedlittlegirlsbecauseofheradult-likefeatures.Beforethis,childrenlookedattoyslikeYogiBear,HowdyDoody,andbabydollsforinspiration.Withthecreationof?Barbie,girlsnowhadanewtoytostimulatetheirimaginations.

Inthe1950smostwomenstayedathome,cooking,cleaningandcaringfortheirchildren;theydidn'tparadearoundintightlittleskirtsandhighheels.TheBarbiedollrepresentedindependenceandglamourshecouldsingsolosinthespotlightoneminuteandpilotanairplanethenext.ShewasexcitingandcompletelydifferentfromtheclingingBetsyWestsysandChattyCathysthatlittlegirlswereusedto.

InForeverBarbie:theUnauthorizedBiographyofaRealDoll,MG.LordtellsthestoryofBarbie'screators.RuthHandler,theyoungestoftensiblings（同胞）,workedasastenographerforParamountPicturesasayoungwoman.HerhusbandElliottdesignedlightfixturesandstudiedart.

（2）.TheHandlersbeganthefactoryintheirgaragebutquicklyexpandeduntiltheyhadhiredahundredworkerswhomadejewelryanddecorativeitems.WorldWarIIshortagesoflaborsoonputthemoutofbusiness.

Despitetheirfirstfailure,theHandlersdidn'tgiveupand,in1945,theyjoinedwithHaroldMatson,aform