考研考博-英語-安徽商貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽商貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.問答題

FishingandRights

Acidification,warming,thedestructionofcoralreefs:thebiggestproblemsfacingtheseaareasvast,deepandseeminglyintractableastheoceansthemselves.Solongastheworldfailstocutitsemissionsofgreenhousegases,causeoftheglobalwarmingbehindthesetroubles,theywillgrow.Bycomparison,overfishing,anothergreatcause,shouldbeeasiertoputright,especiallyinthecoastalwaterswheremostfishingoccurs.Andyetitgoeson,yearafteryear.

Fishermenhaveeveryreasontodosomething.Manyfisheriesarehurtlingtowardscollapse;stocksoflargefishhavebeenreducedbyupto90%.Whenstocksareoverfished,theyyieldasmallercatch.Thecostofmismanagement,inlosteconomicoutput,ishuge:some$50billionayear,accordingtotheWorldBank.

Onereasonwhythepillagecontinuesisthatknowledgeoffishstocksispoor,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Anewstatisticalattemptatestimatingtheremainingshoals,fromUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,isthereforewelcome—evenifthatisnottrueofitsfindingsthatstocksareevenmoreravagedthanpreviouslythought.Thestudyfoundthatbetterunderstoodfisheriesarelikeliertobehealthy.Anotherreasonforoverfishingisnewtechnology(developed,aptlyenough,for

battlefields),whichmakesshoalseasiertodetect.Aslargeboatsandrefrigerationhavespread,fishingfleetshavecoveredgreaterdistancesandhovereduplargercatches.Becausetechnologyletsfishermenfishwithlesseffort,itdisguisesjusthowfastthestocksaredepleting.

Fishermengenerallyunderstandtherisksofoverfishing.Yetstilltheyfloutquotas,wheretheyexist.Thatisoftenbecausetheytakeashort-termviewoftheasset—theywouldrathercashinnowandinvestthemoneyinsomethingelse.Anditisinvariablycompoundedbyacommons-despoilingfeeingthatiftheydon'tplunder,otherswill.

Inmostfisheries,thefishermenwouldmakemoremoneybyhusbandingtheirresource,anditshouldbepossibletoincentivizethemtodoso.Thebestwayistogivethemadefined,long-termrighttoashareofthefish.Inregulatedindustrialfisheries,asinIceland,NewZealandandAmerica,thishastakentheformofatradable,individualshareofafishingquota.Developingcountries,wherelawenforcementisweak,seemtodobetterwhenagrouprightoveranexpanseofwaterisgiventoacooperativeorvillagefleet.Theprincipleisthesame:fishermenwhofeellikeownersaremorelikelytobehaveasresponsiblestewards.Thenewstatisticalstudyconfirmsthatrights-basedfisheriesaregenerallyhealthier.

Yetonlyafewhundredoftheocean'sthousandsoffisheriesarerunthisway,mainlybecausesuchschemesarehardtogetright.Limitingaccesstoacommonresourcecreateslosers,andthereforediscord.Culturaldifferencesaffectsuccessrates;noteveryoneisaslaw-abidingasIcelanders.Almosteverywhereittakestimetoconvincefishermen,thelasthunter-gatherers,tochangetheirhabits.But,barnacledbycaveatsthoughitmaybe,therights-basedapproachisthebestavailable.

Inrichcountries,satelliteimagerywillincreasinglyhelp,bymakingmonitoringcheaperandbetter.Inmanypoorones,devolutionismakingiteasiertoformlocalorganizations.Anotherpromisingideaistoincorporaterights-basedfisherieswithno-catchzones.Thesesafeguardbreeding-stocksandareeasiertomonitorthanindividualcatches.Wherestocksarerecovering,asaresultofthesereforms,fishermenarelikeliertoseescientificallydeterminedquotasasintheirself-interest.Intheend,thatmaybetheonlyhope.

【答案】Inthisessay"FishingandRights",theauthorthinksthatglobalwarmingcausesacidification,warming,andthedestructionofcoralreefs.However,overfishingisanothergreatcause,andshouldbeeasiertoputright.Theoverfishingoffishermenhasleadedthestocksoflargefishtoreducelargely.

Themainreasonwhythepillagecontinuesisthatknowledgeoffishstocksispoor,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Fishermengenerallyunderstandtherisksofoverfishing,theyfloutquotas.Moreover,thefishermeninmostfisherieswouldmakemoremoneybyhusbandingtheirresource.Onlyafewhundredoftheocean'sthousandsoffisheriesarerunthisway,andbarnacledbycaveatsthoughitmaybe,therights-basedapproachisthebestavailable.Interestingly,theincorporationoftherights-basedfisherieswithno-catchzonesmaybetheonlyhope.

2.單選題

"Thereisasenselessnotionthatchildrengrowupandleavehomewhenthey're18,andthetruthisfarfromthat,"sayssociologistLarryBumpassoftheUniversityofWisconsin.Today,unexpectednumbersofyoungadultsarelivingwiththeirparents."Thereisamajorshiftinthemiddleclass,"declaressociologistAllanSchnaibergofNorthwesternUniversity,whoseson,19,movedbackinafteranabsenceofeightmonths.

Analystsciteavarietyofreasonsforthisreturntothenext.Themarriageageisrising,aconditionthatmakeshomeanditspleasantnessparticularlyattractivetoyoungpeople.Ahighdivorcerateandadecliningremarriageratearesendingeconomicallypressedandemotionallyhurtsurvivorsbacktoparentalshelters.Forsome,theexpenseofanaway-from-homecollegeeducationhasbecomesoexcessivelygreatthatmanystudentsnowattendlocalschools.Evenaftergraduation,youngpeoplefindtheirwingsclippedbyskyrocketinghousingcosts.

Livingathome,saysKnighton,aschoolteacher,continuestogivehersecurityandmoralsupport.Hermotheragreed,"It*sridiculousforthekidstopayallthatmoneyforrent.Itmakessenseforkidstostayathome.’’Butsharingthefamilyhomerequiresadjustmentsforall.Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.Somefamilies,however,managethedelicatebalancingact.Butforothers,itprovestoodifficult.MichelleDelTurco,24,hasbeenhomethreetimes-andleftthreetimes."WhatIconsideredasocialdrink,mydadconsideredanalcoholproblem/'sheexplains.’’HeneverlikedanyoneIdated,soIeitherhadtohideawayormeetthematfriends’houses."

Justhowlongshouldadultchildrenlivewiththeirparentsbeforemovingon?Mostpsychologistsfeellengthyhomecomingsareamistake.Children,strugglingtoestablishseparateidentities,canendupwith"asenseofinadequacy,defeatandfailure.”Andagingparents,whoshouldbeenjoyingsomefinancialandpersonalfreedom,findthemselvesstuckwithresponsibilities.Manyagreethatbriefvisits,however,canworkbeneficially.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,therewasonceatrendintheU.S.（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotaccountforyoungadultsreturningtothenest?

3.Oneofthedisadvantagesofyoungadultsreturningtostaywiththeirparentsisthat

4.Theword“hassles”inthepassage(Line3,Para.3)probablymeans（

）.

5.Accordingtothepassagewhatisthebestforbothparentsandchildren?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.foryoungadultstoleavetheirparentsandliveindependently

B.formiddleclassyoungadultstostaywiththeirparents

C.formarriedyoungadultstomovebackhomeafteralengthyabsence

D.foryoungadultstogetjobsnearbyinordertolivewiththeirparents

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Youngadultsfindhousingcoststoohigh.

B.Youngadultsarepsychologicallyandintellectuallyimmature.

C.Youngadultsseekparentalcomfortandmoralsupport.

D.Quiteanumberofyoungadultsattendlocalschools.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewillinevitablybeinconveniencesineverydaylife

B.mostparentsfinditdifficulttokeep

C.theyoungadultstendtobeoverprotectedbytheirparents

D.publicopinionisagainstyoungadultsstayingwiththeirparents

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.agreements

B.worries

C.disadvantages

D.quarrels

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyshouldadjustthemselvestosharingthefamilyexpenses.

B.Childrenshouldleavetheirparentswhentheyaregrown-up.

C.Adultchildrenshouldvisittheirparentsfromtimetotime.

D.Parentsshouldsupporttheiradultchildrenwhentheyareintrouble.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段提到以前有一種錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)：孩子到了18歲就應(yīng)該離家獨(dú)立；有社會(huì)學(xué)家稱中產(chǎn)階級(jí)中這一觀念有著重大的轉(zhuǎn)變。由此可知，在以前的美國社會(huì)中，大多數(shù)成年的子女都會(huì)離開家庭獨(dú)立生活，所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章第二段提及年輕成年人返回家的原因：結(jié)婚年齡上升；離婚率上升和再婚率下降，使得情感受挫以及經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力大的人重新尋求父母的庇護(hù)；去離家遠(yuǎn)的大學(xué)上學(xué)花費(fèi)大，所以很多人都選擇當(dāng)?shù)氐拇髮W(xué)。選項(xiàng)A、C、D都在文章中提到了，所以選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.文章第三段提到年輕人與父母居住會(huì)造成生活上的一些不便，比如洗手間，電話和隱私的爭議等等，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.hassles所在的句子：Therearethehasslesoverbathrooms,telephonesandprivacy.由前后問可知，這里講述的是年輕人與父母居住造成生活中的一些不便，所以hassles在這里有“爭論，爭吵”的意思，比如關(guān)于洗手間、電話和隱私的爭執(zhí)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.文章最后一段指出大多數(shù)心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為成年子女與父母一起生活對(duì)雙方都不好：子女本來想自我獨(dú)立，卻被挫?。桓改副緫?yīng)該享受經(jīng)濟(jì)和個(gè)人自由，卻又被責(zé)任束縛。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Themorewomenandminoritiesmaketheirwayintotheranksofmanagement,themoretheyseemtowanttotalkaboutthingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid.Thenewcomersalsotendtoseeofficematterswithafresheye,intheprocesssometimescomingupwithcriticalanalysesoftheforcesthatshapeeveryone’sexperienceintheorganization.

ConsiderthenovelviewsofHarveyColemanofAtlantaonthesubjectofgettingahead.Colemanisblack.Hespent11yearswithIBM,halfofthemworkinginmanagementdevelopment,andnowservesasaconsultanttothelikesofAT&T.Coca-Cola,Prudential,andMerch.Colemansaysthatbasedonwhathe’sseenatbigcompanies,heweighsthedifferentelementsthatmakeforlong-termcareersuccessasfollows:performancecountsamere10%,image,30%;andexposure,afull60%.Colemanconcludesthatexcellentjobperformanceissocommonthesedaysthatwhiledoingyourworkwellmaywinyoupayincreases,itwon’tsecureyouthebigpromotion.Hefindsthatadvancementmoreoftendependsonhowmanypeopleknowyouandyourwork,andhowhighuptheyare.

Ridiculousbeliefs?Nottomanypeople,especiallymanywomenandmembersofminorityraceswho,likeColeman,feelthatthescales(障眼物)havedroppedfromtheireyes.“Womenandblacksinorganizationsworkunderfalsebeliefs,”saysKaleelJamison,aNewYork-basedmanagementconsultantwhohelpscorporationsdealwiththeseissues.“Theythinkthatifyouworkhard,you’llgetahead—thatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgiveyouapromotion.”Sheadds,“Mostwomenandblacksaresofrightenedthatpeoplewillthinkthey’vegottenaheadbecauseoftheirsexorcolorthattheyplaydowntheirvisibility.”Heradvicetothosefolks:learnthewaysthatwhitemaleshavetraditionallyusedtofindtheirwayintothespotlight.

1.Accordingtothepassage,“thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid”(Para.1)probablyrefersto“________”.

2.Toachievesuccessinyourcareer,themostimportantfactor,accordingtothepassage,isto________.

3.Thereasonwhywomenandblacksplaydowntheirvisibilityisthatthey________.

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.criticismsthatshapeeveryone’sexperience

B.theopinionswhichcontradicttheestablishedbeliefs

C.thetendenciesthathelpthenewcomerstoseeofficematterswithafresheye

D.theideaswhichusuallycomeupwithnewwaysofmanagementintheorganization

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.performwellyourtasksgivenbyyoursuperiors

B.projectafavorableimagetothepeoplearoundyou

C.workasaconsultanttoyoursuperiors

D.letyoursuperiorsknowhowgoodyouare

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.knowthatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgivethemapromotion

B.wanttogivepeopletheimpressionthattheyworkunderfalsebeliefs

C.don’twantpeopletothinkthattheirpromotionswereduetosexorcolor

D.believetheycangetpromotedbyreasonoftheirsexorcolor

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.RoleofWomenandMinoritiesinManagement

B.TheImportanceofBeingVisible

C.JobPerformanceandAdvancement

D.SexandCareerSuccess

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,“thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid”(Para.1)probablyrefersto“________”.根據(jù)文章，“以前認(rèn)為最好不要說的事情”（第一段）可能指的是“________”。

A.criticismsthatshapeeveryone’sexperienceA.形成每個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的批判

B.theopinionswhichcontradicttheestablishedbeliefsB.與既定信念相矛盾的觀點(diǎn)

C.thetendenciesthathelpthenewcomerstoseeofficematterswithafresheyeC.有助于新人用新眼光看待辦公室事務(wù)的傾向

D.theideaswhichusuallycomeupwithnewwaysofmanagementintheorganizationD.在組織中通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生新型管理方式的想法

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞judgedtobebestleftunsaid定位到第一段第一句，該處講到“她們似乎就越想談?wù)撘郧罢J(rèn)為最好不要說的事情（thingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid）”，結(jié)合該段第二句“新人傾向于用全新的眼光（fresheye）來看待公司的事務(wù)，在這過程中，有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)形成組織中每個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)的力量進(jìn)行批判性分析（criticalanalyses）?！?，可知這里不能說的是和新觀點(diǎn)相反的，并且之前在大環(huán)境中普遍贊同的觀點(diǎn)，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“形成每個(gè)人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的批判”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第二句，該處講到“有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)形成組織中每個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)的力量（forcesthatshapeeveryone’sexperience）進(jìn)行批判性分析（criticalanalyses）”，這里指的不是批判塑造經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而是批判形成經(jīng)驗(yàn)的力量，屬于偷換概念；

C選項(xiàng)“有助于新人用新眼光看待辦公室事務(wù)的傾向”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第二句，該處講到“新人傾向于用全新的眼光來看待公司的事務(wù)（tendtoseeofficematterswithafresheye）”，這里描述的是這件事本身，而不是說要推動(dòng)這件事，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“在組織中通常會(huì)產(chǎn)生新型管理方式的想法”：文中沒有提到這些會(huì)產(chǎn)生新的管理方式，屬于無中生有。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Toachievesuccessinyourcareer,themostimportantfactor,accordingtothepassage,isto________.根據(jù)這篇文章，想要在你的職業(yè)生涯中取得成功，最重要的因素是________。

A.performwellyourtasksgivenbyyoursuperiorsA.出色完成上級(jí)交代的任務(wù)

B.projectafavorableimagetothepeoplearoundyouB.在周圍人面前樹立良好形象

C.workasaconsultanttoyoursuperiorsC.做你上司的顧問

D.letyoursuperiorsknowhowgoodyouareD.讓你上司知道你有多優(yōu)秀

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞themostimportantfactor定位到第二段第一句，該處講到“長期職業(yè)成功的不同要素（differentelements）如下：業(yè)績僅占10%，形象占30%，而曝光率高達(dá)60%（exposure,afull60%）?！?，結(jié)合該段第六句“晉升往往取決于（advancementmoreoftendependson）有多少人了解（howmanypeopleknow）你和你的工作，以及他們的職位高低”，可知在事業(yè)成功上，讓上司知道自己的優(yōu)秀最重要，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“出色完成上級(jí)交代的任務(wù)”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第一句“業(yè)績僅占10%（performancecountsamere10%）”，可知這不是最重要的因素，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“在周圍人面前樹立良好形象”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第一句“形象占30%（image,30%）”，可知這不是最重要的因素，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“做你上司的顧問”：對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第三句“幫助企業(yè)處理這些問題的管理顧問（managementconsultant）卡列爾?賈米森”，這里只是提到此人及其職業(yè)，和取得職業(yè)生涯的成功無關(guān)，屬于偷換概念。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thereasonwhywomenandblacksplaydowntheirvisibilityisthatthey________.女性和黑人減少自己曝光率的原因是他們________。

A.knowthatsomeoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgivethemapromotionA.知道權(quán)威人士會(huì)向下視察，給他們升職

B.wanttogivepeopletheimpressionthattheyworkunderfalsebeliefsB.想給人一種他們抱著錯(cuò)誤信念工作的印象

C.don’twantpeopletothinkthattheirpromotionswereduetosexorcolorC.不希望人們認(rèn)為他們晉升是由于性別或膚色

D.believetheycangetpromotedbyreasonoftheirsexorcolorD.認(rèn)為他們能因性別或膚色而晉升

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞playdowntheirvisibility定位到第三段第五句，該處講到“大多數(shù)女性和黑人害怕人們認(rèn)為（sofrightenedthatpeoplewillthink）他們是因?yàn)樾詣e或膚色而晉升，因此他們減少了自己的曝光率（thattheyplaydowntheirvisibility）?！?，可知其原因是不希望別人認(rèn)為他們只因?yàn)樾詣e或膚色而晉升，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“知道會(huì)有上級(jí)向下視察，給他們升職”：對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第四句，該處講到“他們認(rèn)為（Theythink）權(quán)威人士會(huì)向下視察，給你升職（someoneinauthoritywillreachdownandgiveyouapromotion）?！?，這是在解釋前一句提到的錯(cuò)誤信念，而非減少曝光率的主要原因，屬于張冠李戴；

B選項(xiàng)“想給人一種他們?cè)阱e(cuò)誤信念下工作的印象”：對(duì)應(yīng)第三段第三句，該處講到“列爾?賈米森說（saysKaleelJamison），女性和黑人抱著錯(cuò)誤的信念工作。”，這句話是別人對(duì)他們的評(píng)價(jià)，而非他們自己想要這樣做，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為他們能因性別或膚色而晉升”：他們不希望別人認(rèn)為自己因性別或膚色而晉升，自己也不認(rèn)為這樣的事情會(huì)發(fā)生，屬于反向干擾。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是________。

A.RoleofWomenandMinoritiesinManagementA.女性和少數(shù)族裔在管理中的作用

B.TheImportanceofBeingVisibleB.被看見的重要性

C.JobPerformanceandAdvancementC.工作表現(xiàn)與晉升

D.SexandCareerSuccessD.性別與事業(yè)成功

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。

【解題思路】第一段提出女性、少數(shù)族裔（womenandminorities）和新人對(duì)于公司原有觀點(diǎn)的沖擊（talkaboutthingsformerlyjudgedtobebestleftunsaid）；第二段點(diǎn)出自己和自己工作被上級(jí)看到（exposure,afull60%）是在職場中成功最重要的因素；第三段建議女性和黑人讓自己成為焦點(diǎn)（findtheirwayintothespotlight）。綜上所述，這篇文章層層遞進(jìn)，最終要表達(dá)的是在職場中，成為焦點(diǎn)、被看到很重要，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“女性和少數(shù)族裔在管理中的作用”：文中沒有提到女性和少數(shù)族裔在管理中如何發(fā)揮作用，屬于無中生有；

C選項(xiàng)“工作表現(xiàn)與晉升”和D選項(xiàng)“性別與事業(yè)成功”：只是文章的部分內(nèi)容，不能概括全文，屬于以偏概全。

4.單選題

Mostpeoplefeelstressatsometimeontheirlives.Somepeoplelikethispressureandworkbetterbecauseofit.Otherpeoplearenotcomfortablewithanystressatall;theysoonbecomeunhappyiftheyfeelstress.Sometimesstresscanleadpeopletodothingstheywouldn’tusuallydo,suchasovereat,smoke,drink,orusedrugs.Stress,however,isaverynormalpartoflife.

Itisimportanttounderstandthatstressdoesn’tcomefromaneventitself;thatisfromthethingsthatarehappeninginourlives.Itcomesfromthemeaningwegivetowhathashappened.Forexample,acryingbabymaybestressfultooneperson,butitmaynotbotheranotherpersonatall;atrafficjammaybestressfultoonepersonwhileanotherpersonmaybeabletostaycalm.Wecanexperiencestressanytimewefeelwedon’tcontrol.Itcancomefromafeelingthatwecan’tdoanythingaboutasituation.Basically,itisthebody’swayofshowinganxietyorworry.Stressisnotjustcausedbyourmentaloremotionalcondition.Itisalsoinfluencedbyhowtiredweare,whetherwehaveabalanceddietwithenoughvitaminsandminerals,whetherwegetenoughphysicalexercises,andwhetherwearerelaxed.

Thepointatwhichstressbecomesaproblemchangesfromdaytoday,evenforthesameperson,insomesituation,ifwearerestedandfeelgoodaboutourselves,alittlestresswillnotbeaproblem.Inanothersituation,ifwearetiredorfeelunsureaboutourabilities,evenasmallamountofstresscancauseproblems.Forexample,wemightbegintoworryaboutthingsthathaven’thappenedyetinsteadofworkingonthingsthatarehappeningnow.Orwemightnotfeelabletofindsolutionstoeverydayproblems.

Ifwefeelstressed,thereareseveralthingsthatwecando.First,weneedtolearnhowtorelaxandbreatheslowlyandsmoothly.Wecanalsotakesometimeoutofourworried,busyscheduletonoticethesmallthingsinlife.Smelltheair,lookattheflowers,noticethesmalldesignsintheleavesonatree—theseactivitiescandomuchtoquietusandtogiveourselvesasmallbreakinabusyschedule.

Weneedtotakecareofourbodies.Beingtiredmakesiteasierforustogetsickandtodevelopphysicalproblemsrelatedtostress.Weneedtogetenoughrest,eatwell,anddosomeregularexercise.Scientistshavefoundthatforourmindstothinkclearly,ourbodiesneedtohavecertainvitaminsandminerals;someofthemostimportantvitaminsaretheB-complexvitamins.Doingregularexerciseisalsoaphysicalwaytoletgoofangryfeelingsorfeelingsofhelplessness.

Finally,weneedtofindwhatiscausingthestressinourlives.Oncewehavefoundit,weneedtobegintochangethatpartofourlives.Ifwebelievethatwecancontrolstresswecanbegintocontrolourlives.Thenwecanstarttousestressinapositiveway.

1.Thepassageismainlyconcernedwith______.

2.AllofthefollowingstatementsarecorrectEXCEPTthat______.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamongthesolutionstostressprovidedbythepassage?

4.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?

5.ThepassagetalksaboutmanyaspectsofstressEXCEPT______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.stress

B.physicalexercise

C.diets

D.anxiety

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.whetherwelikeitornot,stressisanormalpartinourlives

B.somethingstressfultoonepersonmaybenothingatalltoanother

C.stressissomethingthatwecanhardlycontrolbecauseitappearsalmosteverywhereinourlives

D.whetherstresscausesproblemsornotmainlydependsonwefeelaboutourselves

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Weneedtotakecareofourbodies.

B.Weneedtodiscussitwithapsychologicaldoctor.

C.Weneedtofindwhatiscausingthestressinourlives.

D.Weneedtolearnhowtorelaxandbreatheslowlyandsmoothly.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Stressisalwaysagoodthing.

B.Stressishorribletomostpeople.

C.Whetherstressbringsaboutpeople’shappinessdependsontheattitudesofpeople.

D.Smokinganddrinkingarecausedbystress.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.howtousestressinapositiveway

B.thewaystressisformed

C.howtorelievestress

D.howtohelppeoplewhotakedrugsasavictimofstress

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。通讀全文。A選項(xiàng)“壓力”，文章圍繞著壓力展開來討論，壓力在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪袩o處不在，A選項(xiàng)正確。B選項(xiàng)“體育運(yùn)動(dòng)”，文章提到體育鍛煉是緩解壓力的好辦法，但并不是文章主要內(nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“飲食”，文章部分內(nèi)容提到了飲食，壓力會(huì)使人造成不良的飲食習(xí)慣，C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“焦慮”，文章提到壓力會(huì)使人焦慮，焦慮并不是文章主要內(nèi)容，可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。D選項(xiàng)“壓力是否會(huì)引起問題主要取決于我們對(duì)自己的感覺”，可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Itisalsoinfluencedbyhowtiredweare,whetherwehaveabalanceddietwithenoughvitaminsandminerals,whetherwegetenoughphysicalexercises,andwhetherwearerelaxed.（它還受到我們的疲勞程度，是否有均衡的飲食，是否有足夠的維生素和礦物質(zhì)，是否有足夠的體育鍛煉，是否放松等因素的影響），壓力不僅僅是由我們的精神或情緒狀況引起的，還受到各種因素的影響，因此不僅僅是由于我們自身的感覺，D選項(xiàng)說法不正確。A選項(xiàng)“不管我們喜不喜歡，壓力是我們生活中很正常的一部分”，文章第一段第一句Mostpeoplefeelstressatsometimeontheirlives.（大多數(shù)人在生活中都會(huì)有壓力），也就是壓力是我們生活的一部分，因此A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)一個(gè)人有壓力的事情對(duì)另一個(gè)人來說可能根本不算什么”，文章第二段第三句Forexample,acryingbabymaybestressfultooneperson,butitmaynotbotheranotherpersonatall;（例如，一個(gè)哭泣的嬰兒可能對(duì)一個(gè)人有壓力，但可能對(duì)另一個(gè)人沒有任何影響），也就是對(duì)于一個(gè)人造成的壓力，對(duì)于另外一個(gè)人可能不算什么，B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“壓力是我們很難控制的東西，因?yàn)樗鼛缀踉谖覀兊纳钪袩o處不在”，文章第一段最后一句Stress,however,isaverynormalpartoflife.（然而，壓力是生活中很正常的一部分），也就是壓力是不能夠避免的，壓力在我們生活中無處不在，C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。B選項(xiàng)“我們需要和心理醫(yī)生討論一下”，文章沒有提到需要找心理醫(yī)生討論壓力，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“我們需要照顧好我們的身體”，文章倒數(shù)第二段Weneedtotakecareofourbodies.（我們需要照顧好我們的身體），A選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“我們需要找出是什么造成了我們生活中的壓力”，可以定位到文章最后一段第一句weneedtofindwhatiscausingthestressinourlives.（我們需要找到是什么在我們的生活中造成壓力），C選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“我們需要學(xué)習(xí)如何放松和緩慢而平穩(wěn)地呼吸”，文章倒數(shù)第三段第二句Weneedtolearnhowtorelaxandbreatheslowlyandsmoothly.（我們需要學(xué)習(xí)如何放松和呼吸緩慢和順暢），D選項(xiàng)可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。C選項(xiàng)“壓力是否帶來人們的幸福取決于人們的態(tài)度”，可以定位到文章第一段第二句Somepeoplelikethispressureandworkbetterbecauseofit.Otherpeoplearenotcomfortablewithanystressatall;theysoonbecomeunhappyiftheyfeelstress.（有些人喜歡這種壓力，并因此工作得更好。有些人對(duì)任何壓力都感到不舒服；如果他們感到壓力，他們很快就會(huì)不開心），但對(duì)于另外的人來說，壓力對(duì)他可能沒有影響，因此可推測(cè)，壓力是否給人們帶來幸福感，取決于他們的態(tài)度，C選項(xiàng)正確。A選項(xiàng)“壓力總是一件好事”，可以定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句Sometimesstresscanleadpeopletodothingstheywouldn’tusuallydo,suchasovereat,smoke,drink,orusedrugs.（有時(shí)壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們做一些他們通常不會(huì)做的事情，比如暴飲暴食、抽煙、喝酒或吸毒），壓力有時(shí)候也會(huì)帶來負(fù)面影響，A選項(xiàng)可排除。B選項(xiàng)“壓力對(duì)大多數(shù)人來說都是可怕的”，文章只是提到大多數(shù)人會(huì)面臨壓力，并沒有說大多數(shù)人覺得壓力可怕，B選項(xiàng)可排除。D選項(xiàng)“吸煙和喝酒是由壓力引起的”，以偏概全，可排除D選項(xiàng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。D選項(xiàng)“如何幫助吸毒的人作為壓力的受害者”，文章提到，壓力可能會(huì)使人吸毒，但并沒有提到如何幫助吸毒的人，D選項(xiàng)文章沒有提到。A選項(xiàng)“如何積極地利用壓力”，文章最后一句Thenwecanstarttousestressinapositiveway.（然后我們可以開始積極地利用壓力），可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“壓力形成的方式”，可以定位到文章第二段最后一句Itisalsoinfluencedbyhowtiredweare,whetherwehaveabalanceddietwithenoughvitaminsandminerals,whetherwegetenoughphysicalexercises,andwhetherwearerelaxed.（它還受到我們的疲勞程度，是否有均衡的飲食，是否有足夠的維生素和礦物質(zhì)，是否有足夠的體育鍛煉，是否放松等因素的影響），B選項(xiàng)可排除。C選項(xiàng)“如何緩解壓力”，文章提到三種方式緩解壓力，C選項(xiàng)可排除。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

A(n)（）entrepreneurwillseeksuccessfartherafieldandwillriskmoreintheresearchthanhismoretimidcompetitors.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adventurous

B.progressive

C.aggressive

D.impulsive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。adventurous“愛冒險(xiǎn)的;大膽的”;progressive“進(jìn)步的;先進(jìn)的”;aggressive“有進(jìn)取心的;好斗的”;impulsive“沖動(dòng)的;任性的”。句意:那些膽大的企業(yè)家將在更遠(yuǎn)的地方尋求成功，并將比那些膽小的競爭對(duì)手在研究上冒更大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

6.單選題

I’veheardthesaying,“Thebestgiftparentscanevergivetotheirchildrenistoloveeachother.”

I’vehadthepleasureofwitnessingthetruthofthisstatementforover40years.FromasfarbackasIcanremembermyMomandDadwereateam,agreatpartnership.Theyweremorethanjustapartnership.Itwasasiftheywereoneperson.

Sure,theyargued,buttherewasneveranydoubtinourmindsthatanydisagreementswouldbeworkedthroughandresolved.MomandDadbegantheirmarriedlifepoor,buttheyworkedhardand,overtheyears,builtaverysuccessfulbusiness.Theyeachhadtheirstrengthsandweaknesses,butthewaytheyworkedtogether,youneversawtheweaknesses,justthestrengths.

Dadwastheoutgoing,morepublicpersonwithwhompeoplemetandfellinlovewithrightaway.EveryoneknewDad!Then,whentheygottomeetMom,theyfelttheexactsamewayaboutheraswell.Mom,althoughnotatallshy,wasmorecomfortablebeingthepersonbehindthescenes.Moredetailoriented,sheranthebooksand,accordingtoDad,wastheonewhoreallymadethebusinesswork.

Thebiggestlessonaboutloveandmarriagethatmymomanddadtaughtuskidswashowtotalkaboutyourspouse.Haveyoueverheardhusbandsandwives,whenspeakingtoothers,makeunkindremarksabouttheirspouses?It’soneofthosethingspeoplejustseemtodo.Sure,they’re“onlykidding”ormaybetheyarenot.Butwordsmatter.Andwordsteach,whetherpositivelyornegatively.

Youwouldneverhearsuchathingfrommymomanddad.DadalwaysspeaksofMominthemostcomplimentary,glowingterms.Asdoessheo