考研考博-英語-昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Spacemayseemremote,butit’sreallynotthatfaraway.Ifyoucoulddriveyourcarstraightup,injustafewhoursyou’dreachthealtitudeatwhichthespaceshuttleflies.Thepopularorbitsforsatellitesbegintwiceasfarup—about400milesaboveourheads.TheretelecommunicationsandweathersatellitesorbitatthesameratethatEarthrotates,allowingthemtohoveraboveasinglespotontheEquator.

ItwastheexplosionsofderelictrocketsthatfirstdrewNASA’sattentiontodebris.Inthe1970sDeltarocketsleftinorbitafterdeliveringtheirpayloadsbeganblowingup.Aninvestigationshowedthatthebulkheadsseparatingtheleftoverfuelswereprobablycrackingasaresultoftherocket’spassinginandoutofsunlight.NASAbeganrecommendingthatleftoverfuelsbeburnedattheendofaflight,orthattheybeventedintospace.Sincethenmostpublicandprivatelaunchershavetakensimilarmeasures—suchstepsarerelativelyinexpensivemeansoflimitingdebris.Still,everyfewmonthsonaverageanoldrocketorsatelliteexplodes,flingingacloudofdebrisintospace.

FormanyyearsNASAandtheDepartmentofDefensewereskepticalaboutthedangersofspacedebris.Theproblemseemedabstract,residingmoreincomputermodelsthaninhardexperience.Anditchallengedthecan-domentalityofspaceenthusiasts.Earth’sorbitseemedtoolargeandemptytopollute.Toitscredit,NASAhaslongmaintainedadebris-researchprogram,staffedbytop-notchscientistswhohavepersistedinpointingoutthelong-termhazardsofspacejunkevenwhenthehigher-upsatNASAhaven’twantedtohearaboutit.ThencametheChallengeraccident,in1986.NASAofficialsrealizedthattheiremphasisonhumanspaceflightcouldbackfire.Ifpeoplediedinspace,publicsupportfortheshuttleprogramcouldunravel.

EngineerstookanewlookattheshuttleandtheInternationalSpaceStation.Designedinthe1970s,whendebriswasnotconsideredafactor,theshuttlewasdeterminedtobeclearlyvulnerable.Afteralmosteverymissionwidowsontheshuttlearesobadlypittedbymicroscopicdebristhattheyneedtobereplaced.SoonNASAwasflyingtheshuttleupsidedownandbackward,sothatitsrockets,ratherthanthemoresensitivecrewcompartments,wouldabsorbtheworstimpacts.Andengineerswereaddingshieldingtothespacestation’smostvulnerableareas.

Butaddingshieldingandrepairkitswon’tsolvetherealproblem.Therealproblemisthatwheneversomethingisputintoanorbit,theriskofcollisionforallobjectsinthatorbitgoesup.Therefore,theonlytrulyeffectivemeasureisaprocessknownasdeorbiting.ThelogicbehinddeorbitinghasbeeninescapablesincethebeginningoftheSpaceAge,yetithasjustbeguntopenetratetheconsciousnessofspacecraftdesignersandlaunchers.In1995NASAissuedaguidelinesayingthatsatellitesandtheupperstagesofrocketswithin1,250milesofEarthshouldremaininorbitfornolongerthantwenty-fiveyearsaftertheendoftheirfunctionallives.Buttheguidelineappliesonlytonewspacecraftandcanbewaivedifotherconsiderationsprevail.AsaresultNASAandtheDefenseDepartmentalsocontinuetoleavetheupperstagesofsomeoftheirlaunchvehiclesinorbit,partlybecauseexistingdesignsdonotlendthemselvestodeorbiting.

Furthermore,thecharacteroftheSpaceAgeischanging.TheprivatesectornowputsmorepayloadsintoorbitthandoNASAandtheU.S.andRussianmilitariescombined.AscoreofcommunicationscompaniesintheU.S.andothercountrieshaveannouncedplansthatwillputhundredsofsatellitesintoorbitoverthenextdecade.Noneofthesecompaniesisunderanyobligationtolimitorbitaldebris.Companiesthatarelaunchinglargeconstellationsofsatellitesareworriedaboutcollisionsbetweenthesatellites,andtheyarewellawarethatapublic-relationsdisasterwouldensureifapieceofashatteredsatellitesmackedthestation.Asaresult,someplantodeorbitsatellitesattheendoftheirusefullives.Butothercompaniesareleavingtheirsatellitesuporarecountingonatmosphericdragtobringthemdown.

Governmentregulationscoveringorbitaldebrisarestillrudimentary.Fornow,thefederalagenciesthathaveauthorityovercommerciallaunchesarewaitingtoseeiftheprivatesectorcandealwiththeproblemonitsown.Butdeorbitingrocketsandsatellitesisexpensive.Asatellitecouldkeepoperatingforseveraladditionalmonthsifitdidn’tneedtoreservefuelfordeorbiting.Someindustryrepresentativessaytheywantregulations,butonlyiftheregulationsapplytoeveryoneandcannotbeevaded.Onereasonforournonchalanceisthatnewtechnologieshavegottenusoutofmanypastscrapes—andmaybetheywillwithorbitaldebris,too.In1987theWorldCommissiononEnvironmentandDevelopmentdefinedsustainabledevelopmentasmeetingtheneedsofthepresentgenerationwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirneeds.Inspacewearefailingthesustainabilitytestmiserably.Ahundredyearsfromnow,whenourdescendantswanttoputsatellitesintoorbitsteemingwithdebris,theywillwonderwhatwecouldhavebeenthinking.Thesimpleanswerisweweren’tthinkingatall.

31.NASAbegantopayattentiontotheproblemofdebrisbecause_________.

32.Theword“vented”inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans____________.

33.Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthat_________.

34.Inordertosolvetheproblemofdebris,NASAhasadoptedallthefollowingmethods

EXCEPT___________.

35.Allprivatecompanieswilldealwithspacedebriswhen_________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.burningofthearticlestherocketscarriedledtoitsexplosion

B.apartoftherocketssnapped,whichresultedinitsexplosion

C.leftoverfuelswereleakedandtherocketsfellontotheearth

D.leftoverfuelswereheated,whichcausedtherockets’explosion

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ventured

B.launched

C.exploded

D.discharged

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Americangovernmentshoweddeepconcernfordebrispollution

B.debrispollutiondidn’tarousetoomuchpublicattention

C.therewaslittlechanceoftheearthbeingpollutedbydebris

D.fewscientistsconsidereddebrispollutionharmfultotheearth

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.toapplyanewtechnology

B.toaddsomeprotectivecoveringtotheshuttle

C.tofixtheequipmentoftheshuttle

D.toreplacetheshuttlewitharocket

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.deorbitingrocketsandsatellitesbecomesinexpensive

B.theirsatellitesaretoooldtoservethem

C.operableregulationshavebeenmadebythegovernment

D.thelawordainsthattheymustdoso

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】31.判斷推理題。題干“美國國家航空航天局（NASA）是因?yàn)槭裁撮_始關(guān)注碎片的問題”，可定位到文章第2段ItwastheexplosionsofderelictrocketsthatfirstdrewNASA’sattentiontodebris.（正是廢棄火箭的爆炸引起了NASA對碎片的注意。）由此可知，是因?yàn)榛鸺谋ㄒ鹆薔ASA的注意，排除C選項(xiàng)“剩余燃料泄漏，火箭落到地球上”；那么是什么原因?qū)е铝吮?？繼續(xù)看后文。第2段第2句Deltarocketsleftinorbitafterdeliveringtheirpayloadsbeganblowingup.（留在軌道上的德爾塔號火箭在運(yùn)送完負(fù)載后開始爆炸。）由此可知，并非火箭所運(yùn)載的物品燃燒導(dǎo)致了爆炸，因?yàn)楸òl(fā)生在火箭運(yùn)載物運(yùn)送完之后，排除A選項(xiàng)“火箭所攜帶物品的燃燒導(dǎo)致了爆炸”；第2段第3句Aninvestigationshowedthatthebulkheadsseparatingtheleftoverfuelswereprobablycrackingasaresultoftherocket’spassinginandoutofsunlight.（一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，隔離剩余燃料的艙壁破裂可能是因?yàn)榛鸺陉柟庹丈湎逻M(jìn)出。）由此可知，陽光照射導(dǎo)致燃料艙艙壁破裂，排除B選項(xiàng)“火箭的一部分?jǐn)嗔?，?dǎo)致了爆炸”，因?yàn)榛鸺]有斷裂；再根據(jù)后一句NASA的建議leftoverfuelsbeburnedattheendofaflight（剩余燃料在飛行結(jié)束時(shí)燃燒掉）推斷，火箭爆炸與剩余燃料有關(guān)?？偟膩碚f，陽光照射導(dǎo)致燃料艙艙壁破裂，艙壁破裂導(dǎo)致剩余燃料被陽光照射，剩余燃料被陽光照射之后導(dǎo)致火箭爆炸，D選項(xiàng)“剩余燃料被加熱導(dǎo)致了火箭爆炸”符合題意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

32.詞義推測題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“vented”定位到原文第2段第4句NASAbeganrecommendingthatleftoverfuelsbeburnedattheendofaflight,orthattheybeventedintospace.（NASA開始建議剩余燃料在飛行結(jié)束時(shí)燃燒掉，或者_(dá)___到太空中。）A選項(xiàng)venture“冒險(xiǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)launch“發(fā)射（導(dǎo)彈、火箭等）”；C選項(xiàng)explode“爆炸；激增”；D選項(xiàng)discharge“排出；放出；流出”，原文中“vented”的主語是剩余燃料，把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)帶入原句，只有D選項(xiàng)符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

33.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干“從第3段中可推測出____”定位到第3段。A選項(xiàng)“美國政府對碎片污染問題表示了深切關(guān)注”，定位到第3段第1句FormanyyearsNASAandtheDepartmentofDefensewereskepticalaboutthedangersofspacedebris.（多年來，美國宇航局和國防部一直對太空碎片的危險(xiǎn)性持懷疑態(tài)度。）由此可知，美國政府對碎片污染的態(tài)度是懷疑的，而不是深切關(guān)注，排除A選項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)“碎片污染并沒有引起公眾太多的關(guān)注”，定位到第3段最后一句Ifpeoplediedinspace,publicsupportfortheshuttleprogramcouldunravel.（如果有人在太空中死亡，公眾對航天飛機(jī)項(xiàng)目的支持可能會瓦解。）由此可知，目前公眾對航天飛機(jī)項(xiàng)目還是支持的，而太空碎片污染問題已經(jīng)存在，即現(xiàn)在碎片污染問題的存在并沒有影響公眾對航天工作的支持，公眾關(guān)心的是有沒有人在太空中死亡，B選項(xiàng)的表述與原文相符；C選項(xiàng)“地球被碎片污染的可能性很小”定位到第3段第3句Earth’sorbitseemedtoolargeandemptytopollute.（地球的軌道似乎太大太空曠，無法污染。）首先原文使用了seem“似乎”說明所述觀點(diǎn)并不一定正確，其次，原文講的是地球的軌道而非地球本身，所以排除C選項(xiàng)；D選項(xiàng)“幾乎沒有科學(xué)家認(rèn)為碎片污染對地球有害”定位到第3段第5句Toitscredit,…whenthehigher-upsatNASAhaven’twantedtohearaboutit.（值得稱贊的是，NASA長期以來一直維持著一個(gè)碎片研究項(xiàng)目，由頂尖的科學(xué)家組成，他們堅(jiān)持指出太空垃圾的長期危害，即使NASA的高層不想聽到這些。）由此可知，頂尖科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為碎片污染是有害的，只是NASA高層不愿意相信，選項(xiàng)中few使用不正確，排除D選項(xiàng)。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

34.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“為了解決碎片的問題，除了____，NASA采用了以下所有方法”。A選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)用新技術(shù)”可定位到最后一段Onereasonforournonchalanceisthatnewtechnologieshavegottenusoutofmanypastscrapes—andmaybetheywillwithorbitaldebris,too.（我們無動于衷的一個(gè)原因是新技術(shù)已經(jīng)讓我們擺脫了許多過去的困境——也許也會讓我們擺脫軌道碎片的困境。）由此可知，人們期待新技術(shù)能解決碎片問題，說明NASA正在應(yīng)用新技術(shù)來解決碎片問題，只是能否解決尚未可知，排除A選項(xiàng)；原文第5段第1句Butaddingshieldingandrepairkitswon’tsolvetherealproblem.（但增加防護(hù)和修復(fù)設(shè)備并不能解決真正的問題。）由此可知，增加防護(hù)和修復(fù)設(shè)備是已經(jīng)采用的方法，所以B選項(xiàng)“給航天飛機(jī)加一些保護(hù)措施”以及C選項(xiàng)“修理航天飛機(jī)的設(shè)備”可排除；D選項(xiàng)“用火箭取代航天飛機(jī)”原文并未提及。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

35.推理判斷題。題干“當(dāng)____時(shí)，所有私人公司都將處理太空碎片問題”定位到原文最后一段第5句Someindustryrepresentativessaytheywantregulations,butonlyiftheregulationsapplytoeveryoneandcannotbeevaded.（一些行業(yè)代表表示，他們希望監(jiān)管，但前提是這些監(jiān)管適用于所有人，且人們不能逃避監(jiān)管。）由此可知，他們希望所有有關(guān)的人都受到監(jiān)管，且所有的人都必須處理太空垃圾，不能逃避。要做到這一點(diǎn)，只能依靠法律。因此，D選項(xiàng)“法律規(guī)定他們必須這樣做”符合原文表述。A選項(xiàng)“脫軌火箭和衛(wèi)星變得便宜了”可定位到最后一段第3句Butdeorbitingrocketsandsatellitesisexpensive.（但是火箭和衛(wèi)星脫離軌道是昂貴的。）由此可知，私人公司未處理太空碎片問題的一個(gè)原因是使火箭衛(wèi)星離軌很貴，但并不能保證便宜下來，所有人都肯定會處理太空碎片問題，排除A選項(xiàng)；B選項(xiàng)“他們的衛(wèi)星太舊了，不能為他們服務(wù)”，原文并沒有相關(guān)表述，排除；C選項(xiàng)“政府制定切實(shí)可行的規(guī)定”，可定位到最后一段第2句Fornow,thefederalagenciesthathaveauthorityovercommerciallaunchesarewaitingtoseeiftheprivatesectorcandealwiththeproblemonitsown.（目前，有權(quán)管理商業(yè)發(fā)射的聯(lián)邦機(jī)構(gòu)正在觀望私營部門能否自行解決這個(gè)問題。）由此可知，政府部希望私人公司能夠自己解決這個(gè)問題，所以政府制定切實(shí)可行的規(guī)定較難實(shí)現(xiàn)，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

2.單選題

It’shardtomemorizethroughbruteforcethegroceriesweneedtobuy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.skillful

C.emphasized

D.abnormal

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。brute在句中是“蠻力，強(qiáng)力”，A選項(xiàng)rude“粗魯?shù)摹保籅選項(xiàng)skillful“有技巧的”；C選項(xiàng)emphasized“強(qiáng)調(diào)的”；D選項(xiàng)abnormal“反常的”。句意：通過蠻力很難記住我們需要買的雜貨。根據(jù)句意A項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

（1）

Player1maynotknowtheseparticularwordsofwisdom,butchancesareshe'sthinkingmuchthesameasshetriestodecidewhethertosendPlayer2someofher$10stake.Ifshedoes,themoneywillbetripled,andheranonymouspartnercanchoosetoreturnnone,some,orallofthecash.ButwhyshouldPlayer2sendanythingback?AndwhyshouldPlayer1giveanythinginthefirstplace?Despitetheironlogicofthisargument,shetypesinhercommandtosendsomemoney.Afewmomentslatershesmiles,seeingfromherscreenthatPlayer2hasreturnedatidysumthatleavesthembothshowinganetprofit.

（2）

BasedonexactlythesamecoldlogicthatPlayer1dismissed,theso-calledNashequilibriumpredictsthatineconomictransactionsbetweenstrangers,whereonehastomakedecisionsbasedonaforecastofanother'sresponse,theoptimalleveloftrustiszero.Yetdespitetheeconomicorthodoxy,thebehaviorofPlayers1and2isnotexceptional.Infact,overthecourseofhundredsofsuchtrials,itturnsoutthatabouthalfofPlayer1ssendsomemoney,andthree-quartersofPlayer2swhoreceiveitsendsomeback.

Zakisaleadingprotagonistintherelativelynewfieldofneuroeconomics,whichaimstounderstandhumansocialinteractionsthrougheverylevelfromsynapsetosociety.Itisahugelyambitiousundertaking.Bylayingbarethemysteriesofsuchnebuloushumanattributesastrust,neuroeconomistshopetotransformourself-understanding.（3）

“Aswelearnmoreabouttheremarkableinternalorderofthemind,wewillalsounderstandfarmoredeeplythesocialmindandthereforetheexternalorderofpersonalexchange,andtheextendedorderofexchangethroughmarkets.”

（4）

AsZak’scollaboratorSteveKnackoftheWorldBankpointsout:“Trustisoneofthemostpowerfulfactorsaffectingacountry'seconomichealth.Wheretrustislow,individualsandorganizationsaremorewaryaboutengaginginfinancialtransactions,whichtendstodepressthenationaleconomy.”

Andtrustlevelsdiffergreatlybetweennations.TheWorldValuesSurvey,basedattheUniversityofMichigan,AnnArbor,hasaskedpeopleincountriesaroundtheworld,“Doyouthinkstrangerscangenerallybetrusted?”thepositiveresponseratevariesfromabout65%inNorwaytoabout5%inBrazil.（5）

“Policy-makersintheselattercountriesmightbeurgentlyinterestedinmechanismsthatenablethemtoraisenationaltrustlevels,”observesKnack.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica—riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Evenmoreintriguingly,itseemsthatthisurgetorespondpositivelywhensomeoneshowstrustinusislargelyoutsideourcontrol.

B.Cruciallyforinternationaleconomicdevelopment,whatistrueforindividualsturnsoutalsotobetruefornations.

C.Disturbingly,countrieswheretrustislowerthanacriticallevelofabout30%—asisthecaseinmuchofSouthAmericaandAfrica-riskfallingintoapermanentsuspicion-lockedpovertytrap.

D.“It'sgoodtotrust;it'sbetternotto,”goesanItalianproverb.

E.Theybelievetheirfindingsevenhavethepotentialtohelpmakesocietiesmoreproductiveandsuccessful.

F.Hepointsoutthatourbrainshavebeentailoredbyevolutiontocopewithgroupliving.

G.Thisoutcomedoesn'tjustfloutproverbialwisdom,itthumbsitsnoseateconomictheory.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:G

第3題:F

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.此句為整篇文章的開頭，用意大利的諺語引入主題，“信任是件好事，但最好不要信任。”，根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，主要講到了玩家一和玩家二之間的金錢交易行為以及是否彼此信任，可知，文章的主題為信任關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)D符合文意。

2.文章第一段主要用實(shí)例說明了經(jīng)濟(jì)交易中的信任關(guān)系，也是對意大利諺語的一種反駁和證明，說明經(jīng)濟(jì)交易中是存在信任關(guān)系的。文章第二段把這種信任再次放到經(jīng)濟(jì)理論中進(jìn)行了討論。所以第一段實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)果不僅是對諺語的一種蔑視，而且是對第二段中提到的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論的挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)G符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章第三段，主要提到了Zak的相關(guān)理論和觀點(diǎn)，因?yàn)榭崭裆衔奶岬搅薢ak這個(gè)人物，所以下文用he來指代。選項(xiàng)F符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第四段，可知主要提到信任是影響一個(gè)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)最強(qiáng)大的因素之一，所以本段的首句應(yīng)與國家經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.根據(jù)文章第五段，主要內(nèi)容為不同國家之間的信任水平存在差異，并給了一些統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)。空格前給出了挪威和巴西有關(guān)信任度的調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，可判斷出空格中會繼續(xù)列舉數(shù)據(jù)。又根據(jù)空格后文，提到后面一類的國家迫切需要提升國民信任度。可知空格中會列舉一些國民信任度較低的國家，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

4.單選題

Themarksmanwaitedforthepheasantto（）cover.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.seek

B.break

C.get

D.take

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項(xiàng)seek“尋求；尋找；探索；搜索”；B選項(xiàng)break“打破；骨折；違犯；弄壞；失靈；打斷；終止”；C選項(xiàng)get“使得；獲得；受到；變成；成為；變得；到達(dá)”；D選項(xiàng)take“拿，?。粠?；使達(dá)到；偷走；奪取；買下”。根據(jù)固定搭配breakcover“跳出來；跳出躲藏處；從隱藏處出來”可知該題選break。句意：狙擊手等著這只野雞從隱蔽處出來。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Withthesevereshortageofenergysupply,wearefacingthe（）ofaveryhardwinter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.expectation

B.prospect

C.promise

D.damage

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。expectation“預(yù)料”;prospect“前景”；promise“承諾”;damage“毀壞”。句意：因?yàn)槟茉垂?yīng)的嚴(yán)重短缺，我們將面臨一個(gè)艱難的冬天。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

Iwon’thaveawhisky,thankyou.It’snotthatIdon’tdrink,______thatIdon’tdrinkanddrive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.butrather

B.butalso

C.except

D.otherwise

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子邏輯。前面和后面構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)butrather“而是，相反地”表示對比；B項(xiàng)butalso“并且”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；C項(xiàng)except“除了”，exceptthat“只可惜，除了……之外”表示轉(zhuǎn)折；D項(xiàng)otherwise“否則”，一般是作為副詞來使用，連接并列分句。句意：我不要威士忌，謝謝。不是我不喝，只可惜我不能喝，要開車。根據(jù)句意，正確答案為C。

7.單選題

Mostpeopleinthemodemworld（

）freedomandindependencemorethananythingelse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.illuminate

B.fascinate

C.cherish

D.embody

【答案】C

【解析】考察動詞詞義辨析。illuminate“闡明，說明”；fascinate“使著迷，使神魂顛倒”；cherish“珍愛”；embody“體現(xiàn)，使具體化”。句意：在現(xiàn)代社會里，大多數(shù)人最珍惜的事自由和獨(dú)立。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe______betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.junction

C.dilemma

D.premise

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)paradox“悖論，反論；似是而非的論點(diǎn)；自相矛盾的人或事”；B選項(xiàng)junction“連接，接合；交叉點(diǎn)；接合點(diǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)dilemma“困境；進(jìn)退兩難；兩刀論法”；D選項(xiàng)premise“前提，假定；（常復(fù)數(shù)）商店、餐館、公司等使用的房屋及土地；（常復(fù)數(shù)）上訴各項(xiàng)”。句意：父母們經(jīng)常面對這樣的兩難處境，是選擇做他們認(rèn)為的對孩子發(fā)展好的事情呢，還是選擇對其放任自流。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Theteachertriedtoexplaintheproblem,buttheexplanationdidnot（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeup

B.hangon

C.getacross

D.lookout

【答案】C

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。comeup"走近;發(fā)生";hangon"堅(jiān)持下去;不掛斷;握住不放";getacross"被理解,被接受";lookout"注意;當(dāng)心"。句意：老師試圖解釋這個(gè)問題,但這個(gè)解釋不被大家所接受。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

10.單選題

Itwas（）thattherestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.addicted

B.alleged

C.assaulted

D.ascribed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。addict“上癮的”；allege“宣稱，斷言”；assault“攻擊，襲擊”；ascribe“歸因于，歸咎于”。句意：據(jù)稱，這家飯店歧視黑人顧客。B項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Therearemanywhobelievethattheuseofforce（）politicalendscanneverbejustified.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insearchof

B.inpursuitof

C.inviewof

D.inlightof

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)insearchof“尋找”；B選項(xiàng)inpursuitof“在追求……時(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)inviewof“鑒于”；D選項(xiàng)inlightof“按照”。句意：許多人認(rèn)為用武力實(shí)現(xiàn)政治目的永遠(yuǎn)不可能是正當(dāng)?shù)?。本句表示對政治目的的追求。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

JackwasabouttoannounceourplanbutI（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cuthimshort

B.gavehimup

C.turnedhimout

D.puthimthrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)cutsb.short“打斷某人”；B選項(xiàng)givesb.up“放棄某人”；C選項(xiàng)turnsb.out意為“驅(qū)逐某人”；D選項(xiàng)putsb.through“替某人接通”。由句中的but可知前后表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意可知選A。句意：杰克正要宣布我們的計(jì)劃，但我打斷了他。

13.單選題

Whenhewasonly10metersawayfromthefinishingline,theAfricanrunnersuddenly（）passingbytheotherrunners.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attempted

B.approached

C.accelerated

D.accessed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。attempt“企圖，試圖”；approach“走進(jìn)；臨近；處理”；accelerate“加速”；access“接近，使用”。句意：當(dāng)他離終點(diǎn)只有10米遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)候，這位非洲跑步者加速超過了其他人。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Oneoftherequirementsforthemasterdegreeisthatstudents（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oughttopassoraldefense

B.passoraldefense

C.needpassoraldefense

D.aretopassoraldefense

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。如果句子主語是requirement,suggestion,advice,order等詞，后面的表語從句中要用到虛擬語氣：should+動詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)。這里should可以省略，句意為，對于碩士學(xué)位的要求之一是：學(xué)生應(yīng)該通過論文答辯。分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，B最符合題意。

15.單選題

Generally,itisonlywhenanimalsaretrappedthatthey（）toviolenceinordertoescape.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.proceed

B.appeal

C.resort

D.incline

【答案】C

【解析】句意:一般來說，動物只有在落入圈套時(shí)，為了逃命才會采取暴力行為。

考查動詞辨析。proceed繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，開始；appeal懇求，呼吁；resort訴諸，憑借某些手段，通常與介詞to搭配；incline傾向于。因此無論從搭配還是從語義上來說，C項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Needlesstosay,theterroristattacksonSeptember11______thewholenationintoextremehorror,andcouldverylikelyaffectthecourseofhumanhistory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.escalated

B.plunged

C.converted

D.drowsed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項(xiàng)escalate“逐步增強(qiáng)，逐步升高”，B項(xiàng)plunge“使突然地下落，猛插，驟降，陡峭地向下傾斜”，C項(xiàng)convert“使轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換……”，D項(xiàng)drowse“使昏昏欲睡，昏昏沉沉地消磨（時(shí)光）”。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，缺少謂語動詞，且后面接介詞into，由extremehorror“極度恐慌”可知，plunge…into…“使……陷入……”符合語境。句意：不用說，911恐怖襲擊讓整個(gè)國家陷入了極度恐慌，很可能會影響人類歷史的進(jìn)程。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Weneed

allinformation（）tothe

economicaspectsofthatcompany'sactivities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.perceptible

B.pertaining

C.periodic

D.persistent

【答案】B

【解析】perceptible指可感知的；pertainto指與……相關(guān);periodic指周期性的；persistent指堅(jiān)持不懈的。句意：我們需要那個(gè)公司經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的所有信息。選項(xiàng)B正確。

18.單選題

Californiaisalandofvarietyandcontrast.Almosteverytypeofphysicallandfeaturesortofarcticicefieldsandtropicaljunglescanbefoundwithinitsborders.Sharplycontrastingtypesoflandoftenlieveryclosetooneanother.PeoplelivinginBakersfield,forinstance,canvisitthePacificOceanandthecoastalplain,thefertileSanJoaquinValley,thearidMojaveDesert,andthehighSierraNevada,allwithinaradiusofabout100miles.

Inotherareasitispossibletogosnowskiinginthemorningandsurfingintheeveningofthesameday,withouthavingtotravellongdistance.

ContrastaboundsinCalifornia.ThehighestpointintheUnitedStates(outsideAlaska)isinCalifornia,andsoisthelowestpoint(includingAlaska).MountWhitney,14,494feetabovesealevel,isseparatedfromDeathValley,282feetbelowsealevel,byadistanceofonly100miles.

Thetwoareashaveadifferenceinaltitudeofalmostthreemiles.Californiahasdeep,clearmountainlakeslikeLakeTahoe,thedeepestinthecountry,butitalsohasshallow,saltydesertlakes.IthasLakeTulainyo,12,020feetabovesealevel,andthelowestlakeinthecountry,theSaltonSea,236feetbelowsealevel.Someofitslakes,likeOwensLakeinDeathValley,arenotlakesatall:theyaredried-uplakebeds.Inadditiontomountains,lakes,valleys,desertsandplateaus,CaliforniahasitsPacificcoastline,stretchinglongerthanthecoastlinesofOregonandWashingtoncombined.

1.WhichofthefollowingisthelowestpointintheUnitedStates?

2.WhereisthehighestpointintheUnitedStateslocated?

3.HowfarawayisDeathValleyfromMountWhitney?

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasbeingwithina