考研考博-英語-寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Intheworsttimesoflife,youhavetotakefulladvantageofthebeautifulthingsthat（）.

問題1選項

A.comealong

B.comeby

C.comeacross

D.cometo

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項comealong“出現(xiàn)、一道來”，主語可以是人也可以是物；B選項comeby“得到、短暫拜訪”；C選項comeacross“偶然遇見”，主語是人；D選項cometo“來到、蘇醒”，句意為：在人生最糟糕的時候，你要充分利用一起來到身邊的美好事物。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Thecostsassociatedwithnaturaldisastersareincreasingrapidly.Asaresult,officialsingovernmentandindustryhavefocusedmoreattentionondisastersandtheireffects.TheWhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicyhasestimatedthatdisasterscostthecountryabout$1billionperweek.HurricaneAndrew,theMidwestfloodof1993,andtheHanshinearthquakehaveshownthatindividualdisasterscancosttensifnothundredsofbillionsofdollars.Thisincreasingcosthasresultedingreaterfundingfromgovernmentandindustryforthedevelopmentoftechnologiesrelatedtodisasterprediction,andhasledtomoreresearchintotheeffectiveuseofpredictiveinformation.

Theinsuranceindustryhaslongbeenawareofthedangersofnaturaldisasters;the1906earthquakeinSanFrancisco,California,bankruptedscoresofinsurancecompanies.Buttheindustryhasfocusedparticularattentionondisasterpredictioninrecentyears,asspiralingcostsrevealedthatmanycompanieshadunderestimatedtheirfinancialexposure.Forinstance,priortoHurricaneAndrewin1992,manyinsuranceexpertsthoughtthattheworsthurricanepossiblewoulddonomorethan$8billionindamagestotheindustry.ThedamagescausedbyHurricaneAndrew,estimatedatabout$17billion,shatteredthesebeliefs.Today,estimatesofworst-casedisasterscenariosapproach$100billion.

Theinsuranceindustryhasthereforeincreaseditssupportforresearchintodisasterprediction.OnesucheffortinvolvesanumberofcompaniesthathavejoinedtogethertosupporttheBermuda-basedRiskPredictionInitiative,whichfundsdisasterresearch.Theexpectationisthattheresultinginformationwillplacetheindustryonamoresolidfoundationtomakedecisionsabouttheriskoffuturedisasters.Theindustryhasalsolobbiedforthegovernmenttobearsomeofthefinancialburdenofdisasterinsurance.Suchaprogramalreadyexistsforfloodinsurance,setupinthelate1960sbythefederalgovernmenttoinsureflood-proneareas.Thesetypesofprograms,effectivelyimplemented,couldbeincreasinglynecessaryinthefuturetomakeinsuranceavailableinareaspronetodisasters.

Becausethestakesaresohigh,thescienceofdisasterpredictionhasabrightfuture.Thevariousprojectsandprogramsillustratethatdisasterpredictionisatopicofconcerntoscientistsandpolicymakersalike.Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthattheeffectiveuseofdisasterpredictionsnotonlyrequiresadvancedtechnologybutalsorequiresthatsocietyconsidertheentireprocessofprediction—forecasts,communication,anduseofinformation.Becausetheycannotpredictthefuturewithcertainty,andbecausemuchremainstobelearned,scientistswarnthatsocietymustunderstandthelimitsofscientificpredictionsandbepreparedtoemployalternatives.Wiselyused,however,disasterpredictionhasthepotentialtoreducesociety’svulnerabilitytonaturaldisasters.

1.Theresultoftheincreasingcostsinnaturaldisastersis（）.

2.ThedifferencebetweentheactuallosscausedbyHurricaneAndrewandthelossestimatedbyinsurancecompaniesbeforethehurricaneis（）.

3.Thepurposeofinsurancecompaniestosupportdisasterpredictionresearchisthat（）.

4.Theword“tsunamis”(Line3,Para.4)mostlikelyrefersto（）?

5.Thekeyfactortoreducesociety’svulnerabilitytonaturaldisastersis（）.

問題1選項

A.greatlosssufferedbycommercialcompanies

B.government’sincreasedattentionondisaster

C.individual’sawarenesstonaturaldisasters

D.morefundstosupportthepredictionresearch

問題2選項

A.1billiondollars

B.8billiondollars

C.9billiondollars

D.17billiondollars

問題3選項

A.companieswanttomakemoneyfromtheinsuredplaces

B.companiesmaythushaveabetterideaofthefuturerisks

C.companiescangetmoresympathiesfromthegovernment

D.companiesintendtomakeuseofpeople’strustintheindustry

問題4選項

A.violentstormwithwhirlingwindsinthefunnel-shapedcloud

B.aseriesofhugeanddestructivewaves,usuallycausedbylargeearthquakesbeneaththeocean

C.mountainfromwhichlava,cinders,steam,gasesescapethroughopeningsintheearth’scrust

D.stormwithaviolentwind,esp.acycloneintheWestAtlantic

問題5選項

A.insurancecompaniesshouldbewiseenoughintheirestimatesoflosses

B.thegovernmentshouldbearsomeofthefinancialrisksofdisasterinsurance

C.thegeneralpublicshouldbemadefullyawareofthepossibledamages

D.technologyshouldbeimprovedandthreephasesofpredictionbeconsidered

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞theincreasingcost可以定位到原文首段“Thisincreasingcosthasresultedingreaterfundingfromgovernmentandindustryforthedevelopmentoftechnologiesrelatedtodisasterprediction,andhasledtomoreresearchintotheeffectiveuseofpredictiveinformation.”，中文翻譯為：這種不斷增加的損失已讓政府和企業(yè)為開發(fā)與災(zāi)難預(yù)測相關(guān)的技術(shù)提供了更多的資金，且已帶來對預(yù)測信息有效利用的更多研究。因此D選項“更多資金去支持預(yù)測研究”符合題意。

2.【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段“Forinstance,priortoHurricaneAndrewin1992,manyinsuranceexpertsthoughtthattheworsthurricanepossiblewoulddonomorethan$8billionindamagestotheindustry.ThedamagescausedbyHurricaneAndrew,estimatedatabout$17billion,shatteredthesebeliefs.”，中文翻譯為：例如，在1992年安德魯颶風(fēng)發(fā)生前，很多保險公司專家認(rèn)為工業(yè)可能的最嚴(yán)重?fù)p失將至多80億美元。而安德魯颶風(fēng)所造成的被估計大約為170億美元的損失卻打破了這些看法?？赏茢喑鯟項“90億美元”正確。

3.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到文章第三段“Theexpectationisthattheresultinginformationwillplacetheindustryonamoresolidfoundationtomakedecisionsabouttheriskoffuturedisasters.”，中文翻譯為：這種期望是，產(chǎn)生的消息將讓該行業(yè)（即保險業(yè)）有更可靠的基礎(chǔ)去決策未來災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險?？芍鸢笧锽項“公司可能因此對未來風(fēng)險有更好的了解”。

4.【試題解析】詞匯題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞tsunamis可以定位到文章第四段第三句話“Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthat…”，中文翻譯為：颶風(fēng)、龍卷風(fēng)、洪水、地震、海嘯和火山都表明了……可以判斷出該單詞為“海嘯”，因此B項“一系列巨大且破壞性的波浪，通常是海底大地震導(dǎo)致的”正確。

5.【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到原文第四段第三句話“Hurricanes,tornadoes,floods,earthquakes,tsunamis,andvolcanoesallshowthattheeffectiveuseofdisasterpredictionsnotonlyrequiresadvancedtechnologybutalsorequiresthatsocietyconsidertheentireprocessofprediction―forecasts,communication,anduseofinformation.”，中文翻譯為：颶風(fēng)、龍卷風(fēng)、洪水、地震、海嘯和火山都表明，有效利用災(zāi)害預(yù)測不僅需要先進的技術(shù)，而且需要社會考慮預(yù)測的整個過程——預(yù)測、通信和信息的使用?？芍鸢笧镈“應(yīng)該改進技術(shù)，考慮預(yù)測的三個階段”。

3.單選題

Thereport（

）sevenareaswheretheGovernmenthadaresponsibility.

問題1選項

A.purified

B.specified

C.regarded

D.labeled

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這份報告列舉了政府負(fù)有責(zé)任的七個領(lǐng)域。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項分別是對應(yīng)動詞的過去式。Purify凈化,使純凈;specify列舉,詳細說明,指定;regard把……看作;label標(biāo)注，貼標(biāo)簽于。故B符合句意。

4.單選題

Thestorywassaidto______ontheinformationfromareliablesource.

問題1選項

A.beingbased

B.havebeenbased

C.base

D.bebased

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.beingbased被根據(jù)B.havebeenbased被根據(jù)

C.base根據(jù)D.bebased被根據(jù)

【答案】B

【考查點】時態(tài)與語態(tài)。

【解題思路】Besaidtodosth.是固定搭配，表示“據(jù)說……”，所以空格處的動詞要用原形；主句的謂語動詞為一般過去時wassaid，而base這個動作應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在wassaid之前，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】

A項不符合固定搭配；

C、D項不符合時態(tài)。

【句意】據(jù)說這篇報道是根據(jù)可靠的消息來源寫成的。

5.單選題

Everymemberofthesocietyhastomakea（）struggleforthefreedomofthecountry.

問題1選項

A.pledge

B.warranty

C.resolve

D.guarantee

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。makeapledge“宣誓”，本句意為“社會每個成員都必須宣誓為國家自由而奮斗”。因此選項A正確。

6.單選題

Advanceinsciencemoreoftenthannotencounterspowerfulopposition,（）Darwin’sTheoryofEvolution.

問題1選項

A.aswasthecasewith

B.suchasthecaseof

C.asitdidwith

D.asinthecaseof

【答案】A

【解析】考查as的用法。as在句中是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，經(jīng)常用于asis/wasthecasewith結(jié)構(gòu)中，用具體事例說明主句的概括和結(jié)論。句意：科學(xué)的進步往往遭到強烈的反對，達爾文的進化論便是如此。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

Itwaslastnight（

）

Iseethecomet.

問題1選項

A.thetime

B.when

C.that

D.whichv

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我是昨天晚上看見的彗星。

語法題?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型:It+be+強調(diào)部分+that(who/whom)+主謂句。

8.單選題

It（）methatthemanwasnottellingthetruth.

問題1選項

A.effects

B.pokes

C.hits

D.stirs

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。effect“造成，產(chǎn)生，招致”；poke“戳，刺”；hit“打，打擊，擊中”；stir“攪拌，攪動”。句意：那讓我覺得那個男人沒有說實話。選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

Intoday’sworkingworldtherolesofmenandwomenarebecoming（）.

問題1選項

A.dwarfed

B.incorporated

C.correlated

D.blurred

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項dwarfed“矮小的”；B選項incorporated“合并的”；C選項correlated“有互相關(guān)系的”；D選項blurred“模糊的，記不清的”。句意：在當(dāng)今的工作世界中，男性和女性的角色正變得越來越（）。按照選項和題干的意思，可以判斷出此處想要表達的意思是“男性角色和女性角色的（邊界）變得越來越模糊?！币虼薉選項符合題意。

10.單選題

Nottoomanydecadesagoitseemed“obvious”bothtothegeneralpublicandtosociologiststhatmodernsocietyhaschangedpeople'snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.However,inrecentyearsagrowingbodyofresearchhasrevealedthatthe“obvious”isnottrue.Itseemsthatifyouareacityresident,youtypicallyknowasmallerproportionofyourneighborsthanyoudoifyouarearesidentofasmallercommunity.But,forthemostpart,thisfacthasfewsignificantconsequences.Itdoesnotnecessarilyfollowthatifyouknowfewofyourneighborsyouwillknownooneelse.

Eveninverylargecities,peoplemaintainclosesocialtieswithinsmall,privatesocialworlds.Indeed,thenumberandqualityofmeaningfulrelationshipsdonotdifferbetweenmoreandlessurbanpeople.Small-townresidentsaremoreinvolvedwithkinthanarebig-cityresidents.Yetcitydwellerscompensatebydevelopingfriendshipswithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterestsandactivities.Urbanismmayproduceadifferentstyleoflife,butthequalityoflifedoesnotdifferbetweentownandcity.Norareresidentsoflargecommunitiesanylikeliertodisplaypsychologicalsymptomsofstressoralienation,afeelingofnotbelonging,thanareresidentsofsmallercommunities.However,citydwellersdoworrymoreaboutcrime,andthisleadsthemtoadistrustofstrangers.

Thesefindingsdonotimplythaturbanismmakeslittleornodifference.Ifneighborsarcstrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.Moreover,asWirthsuggested,theremaybealinkbetweenacommunity’spopulationsizeanditssocialheterogeneity.Forinstance,sociologistshavefoundmuchevidencethatthesizeofacommunityisassociatedwithbadbehaviorincludinggambling,drugs,etc.Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitanoutlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.Everythingconsidered,heterogeneityandunusualbehaviorseemtobeoutcomesoflargepopulationsize.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraph?

2.Accordingtothepassage,itwasonceacommonbeliefthaturbanresidents（

）.

3.Oneoftheconsequencesofurbanlifeisthatimpersonalrelationshipsamongneighbors（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthebiggeracommunityis（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

問題1選項

A.Twocontrastingviewsarepresented.

B.Anargumentisexaminedandpossiblesolutionsgiven

C.Researchresultsconcerningthequalityofurbanlifearepresentedinorderoftime.

D.Adetaileddescriptionofthedifferencebetweenurbanandsmall-townlifeisgiven

問題2選項

A.didnothavethesameinterestsastheirneighbors

B.couldnotdeveloplong-standingrelationships

C.tendedtobeassociatedwithbadbehavior

D.usuallyhadmorefriends

問題3選項

A.disruptpeoplednaturalrelations

B.makethemworryaboutcrime

C.causethemnottoshowconcernforoneanother

D.causethemtobesuspiciousofeachother

問題4選項

A.thebetteritsqualityoflife

B.themoresimilaritsinterests

C.themoretolerantandopen-mindeditis

D.thelikelieritistodisplaypsychologicalsymptomsofstress

問題5選項

A.Similaritiesintheinterpersonalrelationshipsbetweenurbanitesandsmall-towndwellers

B.Advantagesoflivinginbigcitiesascomparedwithlivinginsmalltowns.

C.Thepositiverolethaturbanismplaysinmodemlife.

D.Thestrongfeelingofalienationofcityinhabitants.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘下列哪個陳述最能描述第一段的結(jié)構(gòu)?’。文章在第一段的第一句指出了幾十年前存在的一個看起來非常“明顯的”事實。下一句用However一詞表示內(nèi)容發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折。表示近年來的研究表明這一曾經(jīng)看起來非?！黠@的’事實其實是假的?！痹谶@之后便就近年來的研究結(jié)果進行說明。所以A選項‘提出了兩種截然不同的觀點?！_。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問‘根據(jù)這篇文章，城市居民…曾經(jīng)是一個普遍的信念’。根據(jù)文章第一段中第一句“modemsocietyhaschangedpeople'snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinandneighbors,andsubstitutedintheirplacesuperficialrelationshipswithpassingacquaintances.現(xiàn)代社會改變了人們的自然關(guān)系，放松了人們對親屬和鄰居的責(zé)任，取代了他們與泛泛之交的膚淺關(guān)系?！贝_定B選項‘不能發(fā)展長期的關(guān)系’正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問‘城市生活的后果之一就是鄰里之間缺乏人情味的關(guān)系…’。根據(jù)文章第三段中第二句“Ifneighborsarestrangerstooneanother,theyarelesslikelytosweepthesidewalkofanelderlycouplelivingnextdoororkeepaneyeoutforyoungtroublemakers.如果鄰居彼此都是陌生人，他們就不太可能去掃住在隔壁的老夫婦的人行道，也不太可能留意年輕的搗亂分子?！贝_定C選項‘讓他們不關(guān)心彼此’正確

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘從文章中可以推斷，一個社區(qū)越大…’。根據(jù)文章最后一段中第五句“Large-cityurbanitesarealsomorelikelythantheirsmall-towncounterpartstohaveacosmopolitanoutlook,todisplaylessresponsibilitytotraditionalkinshiproles,tovoteforleftistpoliticalcandidates,andtobetolerantofnontraditionalreligiousgroups,unpopularpoliticalgroups,andso-calledundesirables.大城市的都市人也比小城鎮(zhèn)的都市人更有可能擁有國際化的視野，對傳統(tǒng)的親屬角色表現(xiàn)出較少的責(zé)任感，投票給左派政治候選人，并對非傳統(tǒng)宗教團體、不受歡迎的政治團體和所謂的不受歡迎的人持寬容態(tài)度?！贝_定C選項‘越寬容，越豁達’正確

5.主旨大意題。題干詢問‘這篇文章主要講的是什么?’。文章在第一段的第一句指出了幾十年前存在的一個看起來非?！懊黠@的”事實。后面馬上轉(zhuǎn)折表示近年來的研究表明這一曾經(jīng)看起來非?！黠@的’事實其實是假的。之后對比了大城市與小城鎮(zhèn)中的人際關(guān)系，重點在于指出大城市與小城鎮(zhèn)居民人際關(guān)系的相同之處。并且第二段第二句明確表示“Indeed,thenumberandqualityofmeaningfulrelationshipsdonotdifferbetweenmoreandlessurbanpeople.事實上，有意義的人際關(guān)系的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量并沒有因城市人口的增多而有所不同?！訟選項‘城市居民和小城鎮(zhèn)居民之間人際關(guān)系的相似性’正確。

11.單選題

ThomasPainewascommittedtospeakingthetruthbluntly______.

問題1選項

A.asheunderstoodit

B.hehadunderstanding

C.wasunderstood

D.thathisunderstandingwas

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處應(yīng)該是做修飾的成分。A項as引導(dǎo)方式狀語，表示“按照……”，B項本身不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)；C項不應(yīng)再出現(xiàn)謂語動詞was；D項that在引導(dǎo)一個缺成分的從句，不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：托馬斯?潘恩(ThomasPaine)致力于直言不諱地說出他所理解的真相。故正確答案為A。

12.單選題

Willyoulook______thiswordintheInternet?

問題1選項

A.on

B.into

C.up

D.forwardto

【答案】C

【解析】；窺視；瀏覽；看”；C選項lookup“仰望；查閱；尊敬；拜訪；改善”；D選項lookforwardto“盼望；期待；期盼；預(yù)期”。句意：你會在網(wǎng)上查閱這個單詞嗎？因此C選項正確。

13.單選題

Evenbytighteningthepursestringsandcutting（）spendingotherthan（）necessities,theaverageBeijingresidentwouldstillneedatleast25yearstobuyanapartment,thelatestreportshows.

問題1選項

A.out,on

B.off,on

C.out,for

D.down,for

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。cutout“刪去，割掉，裁剪”；cutoff“截止，中斷供應(yīng)，使死亡”；cutdown“削減，縮短，砍倒”。句意：最新的一份報告顯示，即便是精打細算，減少生活必需品以外的支出，北京居民平均仍需要至少25年的時間才能買到一套房子。因此D選項正確。

14.單選題

AskmostpeoplehowtheydefinetheAmericanDreamandchancesarethey'llsay,"Success."ThedreamofindividualopportunityhasbeenhomeinAmericanssinceEuropeansdiscovereda"newworld"intheWesternHemisphere.EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.HisglowingdescriptionsofaclasslesssocietywhereanyonecouldattainsuccessthroughhonestyandhardworkfiredtheimaginationsofmanyEuropeanreaders:in"LettersfromanAmericanFanner"(1782)hewrote:"Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfettered(無拘無束的)andunrestrained,becauseeachpersonworksforhimself....Wehavenoprinces,forwhomwetoil(干苦力活)，starve,andbleed:Wearethemostperfectsocietynowexistingintheworld."Thepromiseofalandwhere"therewardsofaman'sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor"drewpoorimmigrantsfromEuropeandfuelednationalexpansionintothewesternterritories.

OurnationalmythologyisfullofillustrationoftheAmericansuccessstory.There'sBenjaminFranklin,theverymodeloftheself-educated,self-mademan,whorosefrommodestoriginstobecomeawell-knownscientist,philosopher,andstatesman.Inthenineteenthcentury,HoratioAlger,awriteroffictionforyoungboys,becameAmerican'sbest-sellingauthorwithrags-to-richestales.Thenotionofsuccesshauntsus:wespendmillionseveryyearreadingabouttherichandfamous,learninghowto“makeafortuneinrealestatewithnomoneydown,",and"dressingforsuccess."Themythofsuccesshaseveninvadedourpersonalrelationships:todayit'sasimportanttobe"successful"inmarriageorparenthoodsasitistocomeoutontopinbusiness.

Butdreamseasilyturnintonightmares.EveryAmericanwhohopesto"makeit"alsoknowsthefearoffailure,becausethemythofsuccessinevitablyimpliescomparisonbetweenthehavesandthehave-nots,thestarsandtheanonymouscrowd.Underpressureofthemyth,webecomeindulgedinstatussymbols:wetrytoliveinthe"right"neighborhoods,wearthe"right"clothes,eatthe"right"foods.Thesesymbolsofdistinctionassureusandothersthatwebelievestronglyinthefundamentalequalityofall,yetstriveashardaswecantoseparateourselvesfromourfellowcitizens.

1.WhatistheessenceoftheAmericanDreamaccordingtoCrevecoeur?

2.Bysaying"therewardsofaman'sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor"(Line10-11,Para.1),theauthormeans（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphthat（

）.

4.WhatistheparadoxofAmericancultureaccordingtotheauthor?

問題1選項

A.Peoplearefreetodeveloptheirpowerofimagination.

B.Peoplewhoarehonestandworkhardcansucceed.

C.Peoplearefreefromexploitationandoppression.

D.Peoplecanfullyenjoyindividualfreedom.

問題2選項

A.themorediligentoneis,thebiggerhisreturns

B.laboriousworkensuresthegrowthofanindustry

C.aman'sbusinessshouldbedevelopedstepbystep

D.acompany'ssuccessdependsonitsemployees'hardwork

問題3選項

A.businesssuccessoftencontributestoasuccessfulmarriage

B.Americanswishtosucceedineveryaspectoflife

C.goodpersonalrelationshipsleadtobusinesssuccess

D.successfulbusinesspeopleprovidegoodcarefortheirchildren

問題4選項

A.TheAmericanroadtosuccessisfullofnightmares.

B.Statussymbolsarenotarealindicatorofaperson'swealth.

C.TheAmericanDreamisnothingbutanemptydream.

D.WhatAmericansstriveafteroftencontradictstheirbeliefs.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第一段中的EarlyimmigrantslikeHectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeurpraisedhighlythefreedomandopportunitytobefoundinthisnewland.像HectorSt.JeandeCrevecoeur這樣的早期移民高度贊揚了在這片新土地上發(fā)現(xiàn)的自由和機會。以及Weareallexcitedatthespiritofanindustrywhichisunfettered(無拘無束的)andunrestrained…我們對于這種行業(yè)的無拘無束的和不受限制的精神感到興奮?？芍绹鴫舻暮诵木窬褪亲杂?。答案D

第2題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)“becauseeachpersonworksforhimself因為每個人都為自己工作?！币约癟hepromiseofalandwhere“therewardsofaman’sindustryfollowwithequalstepstheprogressofhislabor”drewpoorimmigrantsfromEuropeandfuelednationalexpansionintothewesternterritories.在這片土地上，“一個人辛勤勞動的回報與他勞動的增長成正比”的承諾吸引了來自歐洲的貧困移民，并推動了國家向西部地區(qū)的擴張?！笨芍總€人都為自己打工，越勤勞，賺得就越多。故答案A

第3題:推理判斷題。定位到第二段最后一句todayit’sasimportanttobe“successful”inmarriageorparenthoodsasitistocomeoutontopinbusiness.今天，在婚姻或家庭中取得成功和在事業(yè)上取得成功一樣重要?？芍绹苏J(rèn)為在婚姻或親子關(guān)系上的成功與商業(yè)成功同樣重要。故B項“美國人希望在生活的每個方面都取得成功”正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由第三段最后一句“Thesesymbolsofdistinctionassureusandothersthatwebelievestronglyinthefundamentalequalityofall,yetstriveashardaswecantoseparateourselvesfromourfellowcitizens這些區(qū)別的象征向我們和其他人保證，我們堅信所有人的基本平等，但我們?nèi)员M最大努力將自己與我們的同胞區(qū)分開來?！笨芍绹鴫舻拿苤幵谟诿绹嘈湃巳似降?，但又在盡力將自己與別人區(qū)分開來。故D項正確。

15.單選題

Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.Thepatternofsharingintasksandindecisionsmakesforequality,andthisinturnleadstofurthersharing.Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptthatequalitymoreeasilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemorefullyforparticipationinaworldcharacterizedbycooperationratherthanbythebattleofthesexes.

Iftheprocessgoestoofarandman’sroleisregardedaslessimportant—andthathashappenedinsomecasesweareasbadlyoffasbefore,onlyinreverse.

ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.Wearegettingalittletiredofmomism—butwedon’twanttoexchangeitforaneo-popism.Whatweneed,rather,istherecognitionthatbringingupchildreninvolvesapartnershipofequals.

Therearesignsthatpsychiatrists,psychologists,socialworkers,andspecialistsonthefamilyarebecomingmoreawareofthepartmenplayandthattheyhavedecidedthatwomenshouldnotreceiveallthecreditnotalltheblame.Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisthehome.Wearebeginning,however,toanalyzemen’splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.

Thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.

Excessiveauthoritarianismhasunhappyconsequences,whetheritwearsskirtsortrousers,andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesisconnectednotonlywithahealthydemocracy,butalsowithahealthyfamily.

1.Fromthepassageweknowthattheauthorisveryconcernedwiththerolethat____________.

2.Theauthormeanstotellusthat____________.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,ahealthyfamilyshouldbebasedon____________.

4.Whowillbenefitmostfromafamilypatternofsharingintasksanddecisions?

5.Wemaysafelyconcludefromthepassagethat____________.

問題1選項

A.parentsplayinbringinguptheirchildren

B.menplayinafamily

C.womenplayinafamily

D.equalityplaysinafamily

問題2選項

A.aman’splaceisinthehome

B.awoman’splaceisinthehome

C.awomanshouldbeequaltoaman

D.amanshouldhaveanequalshareinfamilymatters

問題3選項

A.cooperation

B.momism

C.authoritarianism

D.neo-popism

問題4選項

A.Thechildren.

B.Theman.

C.Thewoman.

D.Thepsychologist.

問題5選項

A.malesuperioritymaintainsahealthyfamily

B.authorityanddemocracyareveryessentialtoahealthyfamily

C.authoritarianismdoessomegoodtoahealthyfamily

D.womenshouldneverequaltomen

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.態(tài)度觀點題。根據(jù)第三段第一句ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.（是時候重新評估男人在美國家庭中的角色了），可見在這篇文章中偏重講男性在家庭中的角色，故B選項“男人在家庭中的角色”正確。A選項“父母在撫養(yǎng)孩子的過程中的角色”：文章主題不是怎樣撫養(yǎng)孩子，故錯誤。C選項“女性在家庭中的角色”和D選項“家庭中的平等地位”：相對于女性和男女平等，重新定位男性在家庭中的角色在本文是重點，故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

2.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第一段第二句Thepatternofsharingintasksandindecisionsmakesforequality（分擔(dān)任務(wù)和決策的模式促進了平等）和第三句Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptthatequalitymoreeasily（在這樣的家庭長大的孩子比他們的父母更容易接受平等的觀念），可知作者認(rèn)為在家務(wù)事當(dāng)中，男女應(yīng)該平等，故D選項“男人應(yīng)該在家庭事務(wù)中擁有平等的份額”正確。A選項“男人應(yīng)該待在家里”：文中沒有提到，故錯誤。B選項“女人應(yīng)該待在家里”：根據(jù)第四段第二句Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisthehom