考研考博-英語-大連商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

我確信，在這個世界上有許多令人驚喜的事情，有某種比驚喜深刻得多的東西，某種持久而有意義的東西。那些生活在地球上美和神奇的東西之間的人們，不管他是作為科學(xué)家的成人還是非科學(xué)家的孩子，永遠(yuǎn)不會孤單或?qū)ι罡械絽捑?；無論他們的個人生活有什么問題和憂慮，他們的思想都能找到通往內(nèi)心的滿足和對生活重燃激情的途徑。那些凝視地球之美的人能找到它們終身受用的力量儲備。他們看到在鳥類的遷徙中，在潮水的漲落之中，既有著具體的驚奇，更有著深遂的美。在大自然的反反復(fù)復(fù)循壞中，有一種具備無限治愈力的東西，黑暗過去是黎明，冬天過后是春天這一永恒的保障。

【答案】Iamsurethattherearemanysurprisesinthisworld,somethingmuchdeeperthansurprise,somethinglastingandmeaningful.Thosewholivebetweenthebeautyandthewonderoftheearth,whetherasascientistorasachildofanon-scientist,areneveraloneorboredwithlife;Nomatterwhatproblemsorconcernstheyhaveintheirpersonallives,theirthoughtsfindtheirwaytoinnersatisfactionandrenewedpassionforlife.Thosewhogazeatthebeautyoftheearthfindreservesofpowerthatwilllastthemalifetime.Theysawinthemigrationofbirds,intheebbandflowofthetides,aconcretewonderandaprofoundbeauty.Inthecycleofnature,thereissomethinginfinitelyhealing.Darknessisthedawnofthepast,andwinteristheeternalguaranteeofspring.

2.單選題

Hecouldn'tlieconvincinglyenoughtotakeachild（）.

問題1選項

A.away

B.down

C.in

D.up

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組搭配。takeaway帶走；takedown取下,記下；takein欺騙；takeup從事。句意:他說的謊話不足以欺騙孩子（他騙不了一個孩子）。

3.單選題

Thedriverwasinan（

）ofsorrowbecausehehadknockedthegirldown.

問題1選項

A.agony

B.ache

C.ailing

D.ailment

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項agony“苦惱，極度痛苦”；B選項ache“疼痛”；C選項ailing“不適，困擾”；D選項ailment“小病，不安”。句意：司機因為撞倒了那個女孩而感到極度悲痛。選項A更符合語境。

4.單選題

Somedaysoftwarewilltranslatebothwrittenandspokenlanguagesowellthattheneedforanycommonsecondlanguagecould（）.

問題1選項

A.descend

B.decline

C.deteriorate

D.depress

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項descend“下降”，多指從高處落向低處；B選項decline“衰退”，多指數(shù)量，質(zhì)量或價值的下降；C選項deteriorate“惡化，變壞”；D選項depress“壓抑，使沮喪”。根據(jù)句意：總有一天，軟件可以很好地翻譯書面語和口語，以至于對通用第二語言的需求可能會減少。這里是指需求減少，所以選項B最恰當(dāng)。

5.填空題

Shesenthima（wool）（）sweaterashisbirthdaygift.

【答案】woolen

【解析】放在名詞前，應(yīng)該用形容詞。?

6.單選題

Thecriticsconsideredonlytheundesirablequalitiesintheartist’swork,whileignoringor______themoredesirableones.

問題1選項

A.criticizing

B.overlooking

C.deserting

D.flattering

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.criticizing批評B.overlooking忽略

C.deserting拋棄，遺棄D.flattering奉承，諂媚

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處與ignoring為并列成分，所以空格處的意思與ignoring（忽視）的意思相近，故B項符合。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項不符合句子意思。

【句意】批評家們只考慮了藝術(shù)家作品中的不良品質(zhì)，而忽略了更可取的品質(zhì)。

7.單選題

Theartistandtheauthorbothtriedto（

）,thesplendorofthesunset

問題1選項

A.depict

B.narrate

C.describe

D.tell

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那位藝術(shù)家和那位作家都曾試圖描繪日落的壯美。

近義詞辨析。depict指用圖畫或文字描繪事物或人物；narrate更側(cè)重于“敘述，講述”的意思;describe指通過描寫、描述人或事的外表、性質(zhì)，使人得到一個清晰地印象；tell的意思是“講述”；報據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞artistandauthor“藝術(shù)家和作家”可知答案選項為A。

8.單選題

AccordingtonewresearchofProf.RandolphMensalfromtheFreeUniversityinBerlin,thepopularimageofbeesastheultimatehardworkerswasinaccurate.“Althoughweseebeesbuzzingaroundtirelesslyinspringandsummer,thecommonbeliefinabee’sbusynatureisbasedonamisconception,”hesaid.Peopleonlyreallyseebeeswhenthey’reoutflying,ortheylookatacolonyofbeesandseethousandsofthembuzzingaround.Theydon’tgettopickthemoutasindividuals.Theprofessor,whothismonthwonaGermanZoologicalSocietyawardforhisworkonbees,addedthatbeescompensatedfortheirapparentlazinesswithhighintelligence:advancedmemoryskillsandanabilitytolearnquickly.

ThesuggestionthatbeeswerenotpullingtheirweightmetwithskepticismfromBritishbeekeepers.GlynDavies,thePresidentoftheBritishBeekeepersAssociation,saidthatbeeswerenotlazybutefficient.“Atanyparticularstageinitslife,abeehasaspecificjobtodo.Iftheyare

unabletodothatjob,theyconservetheirenergybydoingnothing.Eachbeehasaunitoflifeenergyandthefasteritworks,thefasteritdies.Theyarebeingverywiseandperhapshumansshouldtrytofollowtheirexampleinsteadofrunningaboutlikeheadlesschickens.”

Theideaofthebusybeeisseveralthousandyearsold.OnecurrentauthorwhohasnothingbutadmirationforthebeeisPaulTheroux,thenovelistandpart-timebeekeeper.“Ihaveneverseenabeesleeping.Mybeesneverstopworking,”hesaid.Mr.Theroux,whokeeps85hiveseachcontaining300,000beesinHawaii,addedthatProf.Mendel’sresearchcouldhavebeenaffectedbyhisnationalorigins.“PerhapsincomparisontotheGermanrateofwork,thebeedoeslooklazy,”hesaid.

Fewpeoplethinkthatthebusybeeideawillgoaway,despitetheeffortsofProf.MensahItperformstoomanyusefulfunctionsinourculture.Infact,theworshipofbeesseemstobeundergoingarenaissance.IBMrecentlyranaseriesofadsdrawingonthe“waggledance”ofbees,tellingbusinessmento“makeyourbusinesswaggle.”

1.Prof.RandolphMendel’slatestresearch（

）.

2.AccordingtoProf.RandolphMensal,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.AccordingtoGlynDavies,whatshouldwelearnfrombees?

4.TheIBMadsinthepassageareusedto（

）.

問題1選項

A.challengesourknowledgeoftherelationsamongbees

B.confirmsourknowledgeoftherelationsamongbees

C.challengesourperceptionofthenatureofbees

D.confirmsourperceptionofthematureofbees

問題2選項

A.Beesarehardworking.

B.Beesarequicklearners.

C.Beeshaveintelligence.

D.Beeshavegoodmemory.

問題3選項

A.Howtoworkfaster.

B.Howtolivelonger.

C.Howtocooperatewitheachother.

D.Howtoimproveworkefficiency.

問題4選項

A.showthepopularityoftheideaofbusybees

B.emphasizethenegativeimageofbusybees

C.initiatepublicdiscussionsonthebusybeeimage

D.questionthecomparisonofbusybeestohumans

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的thepopularimageofbeesastheultimatehardworkerswasinaccuratethecommonbeliefinabee’sbusynatureisbasedonamisconception（人們普遍認(rèn)為蜜蜂是終極的辛勤工作者，這種形象是不準(zhǔn)確的……人們對蜜蜂勤勞的天性的普遍看法是基于一種誤解）可知Prof.RandolphMendel的最新研究挑戰(zhàn)了我們對蜜蜂本質(zhì)的認(rèn)識，因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的addedthatbeescompensatedfortheirapparentlazinesswithhighintelligence:advancedmemoryskillsandanabilitytolearnquickly（他補充說，蜜蜂用高智力來彌補他們明顯的懶惰：先進的記憶技能和快速學(xué)習(xí)的能力）可知Prof.RandolphMensal認(rèn)為蜜蜂并不是勤勞的，因此選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的beeswerenotlazybutefficient...Theyarebeingverywiseandperhapshumansshouldtrytofollowtheirexampleinsteadofrunningaboutlikeheadlesschickens.（蜜蜂不是懶惰，而是有效率的……他們非常聰明，也許人類應(yīng)該效仿他們，而不是像無頭蒼蠅一樣到處亂跑）可知D選項“如何提高工作效率”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的Infact,theworshipofbeesseemstobeundergoingarenaissance.（事實上，對蜜蜂的崇拜似乎正在經(jīng)歷復(fù)興）以及此句話后便列舉了蜜蜂做廣告的例子，可推測勤勞的蜜蜂這種思想是受歡迎的，因此選A。

9.單選題

Aswemoveintothe21stcenturytheconceptofreadingwasrecognizedbymostasinvolvingamuchmorecomplexsetofskillsthanhadbeenunderstoodinthepast.Today'sculturerequiresreaderstobeablenotonlytoreadforpleasureandinformationbuttoaskquestionsofthetext,torecognizehowthewritertriestopositionthereader,andtobecomewhatiscalleda“critical”reader.

ThesimpleVenndiagramthathadbeenusedtodepictthelanguagecueingsystemsintheageofmakingmeaning(Figurebelow)hasevolvedtoamorecomplexdiagramthatincludestheimpactofcultureandcontextonareaderaswellastherolesthatthereadermusttakeoninordertobeeffective.

Readingandtheteachingofreadinghavebecomemorecomplexandreachoutacrossawiderandwideraudience,sothatwenowacceptthatwearelifelonglearnersofreading—or,tobemoreprecise,ofliteracy.Weacceptthatwewilllearnnewskillsinnewcontexts.ItisaK-adultcurriculumnow.

However,itisanagewhenpoliticsandpoliticianshavetakencontroloftheliteracyagenda.Thisisnotsurprising,asthosewhodon'thavehighlevelsofliteracyaremorelikelytoendup’onsomesortofsocialsupportandthusareviewedasa“burden”tosociety.So,inordertosavemoneyinthelong-term,”itseemspoliticianshaveagreedthatliteracybeginsintheearlyyears.Andtheyarefinallypreparedtosupportthisconcept.

1.Accordingtothepassage,acriticalreadershouldbeableto（

）.

2.Fromthecontextofthepassagewecaninferthepossiblemeaningof“K-adultcurriculum(Paragraph3)”as

（

）.

3.Inthediagramwecaninferthatthefeaturesoftextanalystpracticesmainlyinvolves（

）.

問題1選項

A.appreciateandinterpretthereadingsholisticallyinvariousdimensionsandapproaches

B.evaluatethepassagewithculturalbackgroundandcontext

C.readandapprehendtheinformationofthepassageswithvariousandcomprehensivetechniquesofreading

D.deductthethemeofpassagewithneutralandcriticalview

問題2選項

A.acurriculumofreadingcoursewithcomprehensiveskillsforadultlearners

B.acourseplanwithcombinationskillsofbothcultureandcontextinterpretationinreading

C.alifelongreadingteachingschedulefromchildhood(Kindergarten)toadulthood

D.areadingcourseplanwithvariousknowledgeforadultreader

問題3選項

A.clearseparationfromcodebreakerpracticesbutcloserelationwithtextuserpractices

B.thegraphophonic,semanticandsyntacticcuesandrelatedtothetextuserpracticesandotherreadingpracticesatfoundationportions

C.thestudyofsemanticandsyntacticcharactersbutlessofgraphicandphoneticelementsaboutthepassages

D.mainlysyntacticcueswhichseemsnottoberelatedtocodebreakerpractices

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段：“Today'sculturerequiresreaderstobeablenotonlytoreadforpleasureandinformationbuttoaskquestionsofthetext,torecognizehowthewritertriestopositionthereader,andtobecomewhatiscalleda“critical”reader.今天的文化要求讀者不僅能夠閱讀快樂和信息，而且能夠?qū)ξ谋咎岢鰡栴}，認(rèn)識到作者試圖給讀者定位的方式，并成為所謂的“批判性”讀者?！笨芍狢項“運用多種多樣的綜合閱讀技巧，閱讀和理解文章中的信息”正確，A項“從不同的角度和方法全面理解閱讀材料”；B項“用文化背景和語境來評價文章；C項“運用多種多樣的綜合閱讀技巧，閱讀和理解文章中的信息”；D項“以中立和批判的觀點演繹文章的主題”。

2.判斷推理題。定位到第三段:wenowacceptthatwearelifelonglearnersofreading—or,tobemoreprecise,ofliteracy…我們現(xiàn)在承認(rèn)，我們是閱讀的終生學(xué)習(xí)者，或者更準(zhǔn)確地說，是讀寫能力的終生學(xué)習(xí)者?？芍狢項“從兒童(幼兒園)到成人的終身閱讀教學(xué)計劃”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。定位到第二段“ThesimpleVenndiagramthathadbeenusedtodepictthelanguagecueingsystemsintheageofmakingmeaning(Figurebelow)hasevolvedtoamorecomplexdiagramthatincludestheimpactofcultureandcontextonareaderaswellastherolesthatthereadermusttakeoninordertobeeffective.簡單的維恩圖被用來描述語言提示系統(tǒng)（下圖）制造時代的含義已經(jīng)進化到更復(fù)雜的圖,包括文化和語境的影響讀者以及讀者的角色必須是有效的?！笨芍狟項“在基礎(chǔ)部分，與文本用戶實踐和其他閱讀實踐相關(guān)的書面、語義和語法線索”正確。

10.單選題

Asisknowntoall,thePopeisthe（）leaderoftheRomeCatholicChurch.

問題1選項

A.ultimate

B.utmost

C.superior

D.supreme

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項ultimate“最終的，極限的”；B選項utmost“極度的，最遠(yuǎn)的”；C選項superior“上級的，優(yōu)秀的，出眾的”；D選項supreme“最高的，極大的”。句意：眾所周知，教皇是羅馬天主教會的最高領(lǐng)袖。由選項意思和句意可知，D選項符合句意。

11.單選題

Ametropolitanareaconsistsofacentralcityandmanysuburbanareasinits（

）.

問題1選項

A.vicinity

B.vessel

C.upkeep

D.verge

【答案】A

【解析】vicinity鄰近，附近；vessel船，艦；upkeep維持，保養(yǎng)；verge邊緣。句意：大都市區(qū)由一個中心城市和它附近的許多郊區(qū)組成。選項A符合句意。

12.單選題

Despitehis____planning,theexpositionturnedouttobeafailure.

問題1選項

A.exquisite

B.exhausted

C.elaborate

D.insufficient

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.exquisite精美的；精致的B.exhausted筋疲力盡的；疲憊不堪的

C.elaborate詳盡的；精心制作的D.insufficient不充分的；不足的

【答案】C

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】句意：盡管他……的計劃，博覽會還是以失敗告終。根據(jù)邏輯，這里存在一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后半句講博覽會是失敗的，則可以推測前半句中他的計劃應(yīng)該是精心制作的，但是博覽會以失敗告終。因此選C。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】盡管他精心策劃，博覽會還是失敗了。

13.單選題

Yourstayabroadwillgiveyou（）opportunitiestolearnanewforeignlanguage.

問題1選項

A.ample

B.sample

C.vertical

D.empirical

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項ample“豐富的，足夠的”；B選項sample“試樣的”；C選項vertical“垂直的”；D選項empirical“經(jīng)驗主義的”。句意：你待在國外將給你提供……機會學(xué)習(xí)新語言。學(xué)習(xí)一門語言最快的方式就是融入一個純語言的環(huán)境。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息stayabroad“待在國外”和后面的tolearnanewforeignlanguage“學(xué)習(xí)一門新語言”，在國外待著意為著會有更多的機會進行學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)語言。因此A選項符合題意。

14.單選題

Comte'sphilosophicalsuccessor,whocarriedonbothhisphenomenalistandpresentationalistphilosophyintothesocialarenaofpoliticsandethics,wasJohnStuartMill.ButfirstwemustturntoanevengreaterinfluenceonMill'sviews,oneoftheleadingradicalreformersofthenineteenthcentury,JeremyBentham.

BorninLondon,thesonofaleadingattorney,BenthamwasachildprodigywhobeganstudyinghistoryandLatinattheageofthree.AttwelveheenteredQueen'sCollegeinOxfordandearnedhisB.A.inthreeyearsandhisM.A.twoyearslaterattheageofseventeen.Hisfatherexpectedhimtobecomeapracticinglawyer,butBenthamwasfarmoreinterestedinthephilosophicalfoundationsofethics,morality,andlegaltheory.HetraveledwidelythroughoutEuropeandwrotehisfirstessayoneconomicsinRussia.In1792hebecameacitizenofFrance.

Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.Hewentontopublishseveralbooksonpoliticalandlegaltheory,butitwashisIntroductiontothePrinciplesofMoralsandLegislationthatmadehimapowerfulandinfluentialinternationalfigure.InhisPrincipleshelaidthegroundworkforutilitarianism;asdevelopedbyMill(whomweshallconsiderinthenextsection),histheoryisstilltodayoneoftheleadingmoraltheoriesintheworld.

Benthamdefineshisprincipleofutilityas"thatpropertyinanyobjectwherebyittendstoproducepleasure,goodorhappiness,ortopreventthehappeningofmischief,pain,evilorunhappinesstothepartywhoseinterestisconsidered".AccordingtoBentham,thisprincipletakesaccountofthetwomainmotivesforallhumanaction—painandpleasure.Governments,social,politicalandlegalinstitutions,aswellasindividualcitizens,shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.Sinceleadersaswellasindividualsarethusmorallyboundtofollowthesameuniversalprincipleandonethatisreadilyaccessibletoeveryone—weallknowwhatpainandpleasureare—therecanbenomanipulation,throughrhetoric,oftheweakbythepowerful.InBentham'ssystemweareeachourownbestjudgeastohowbesttoliveandattainhappiness.

Heopenlycalledfortherejectionofallmonarchiesandestablishedchurches,claimingthat"allgovernmentisinitselfonevastevil."Theonlyjustificationforputtingsuchevilintoplacewouldbetopreventsomegreaterevil;governmentsshouldthereforeneverstrayfromtheprincipleofutility—thegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumber.AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.

1.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby"scalesfellfromeyes"inthethirdparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthequotesinthefourthparagraphofBentham'sdefinitionofprincipleofutility?

3.HowdidBenthaminfluencetheworldaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthispassage?

問題1選項

A.Hiseyeswerefulloftears.

B.Hiseyesbecamesmaller.

C.Hewasenlightened.

D.Hecouldseeclearly.

問題2選項

A.Utilitycanberegardedasaqualitywhichislikelytobringhappinessorstoptheoccurrenceofunhappinesstointerestedparties.

B.Utilityisakindofpossessionbywhichconcernedpeoplecangethappinessandavoidunhappiness.

C.Theprincipleofutilityistheprincipleofthegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.

D.Theprincipleofutilityisthebeliefthatthevalueofathingoranactionisdeterminedbyitsutility.

問題3選項

A.Heinfluencedthephilosophersinthewholeworld.

B.Hecontributedtooverthrowingallthemonarchiesandchurches.

C.Histheoryhaschangedthemoralvalueofthemodemworld.

D.Themoralfoundationtomanymoderndemocraciestracesbacktohistheory.

問題4選項

A.BenthamhadgreatinfluenceonLockeandHume,aswellasonMill.

B.BothBenthamandMillwereComte'sphilosophicalsuccessors.

C.Bentham'sfatherwasdisappointedthathedidn'tbecomeanattorney.

D.BenthamcontributedmorethanMilltothefoundationofutilitarianism.

問題5選項

A.TheintroductionofJohnStuartMill.

B.TheintroductionofComte.

C.TheintroductionofHume.

D.Theintroductionofutilitarianism.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句，“Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.”，可知邊沁的主要哲學(xué)影響是Locke和Hume。當(dāng)他讀到Hume的《論人的本性》時，他說這就像從眼睛上掉下來的鱗片?？膳袛喑鯤ume給他帶來了很大的影響。選項C符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“…shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.”，可知它遵循最大的幸福原則：選擇能為大多數(shù)人帶來最大幸福的行動方式。可判斷出效用原則是為大多數(shù)人帶來最大幸福的原則。選項C符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.”，可知他的功利主義，旨在將人民從壓迫性的法律中解放出來，并使管理機構(gòu)具有道德，為許多民主社會提供了基礎(chǔ)?？膳袛喑鲈S多現(xiàn)代民主國家的道德基礎(chǔ)可以追溯到他的理論。選項D符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章第三段，“Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.”，可知邊沁的哲學(xué)思想受到了Locke和Hume的影響，并沒有受到Mill的影響，選項A不符合文意，可排除。根據(jù)史實，Bentham的思想先于Comte產(chǎn)生，選項B可排除。根據(jù)文章第二段，提到邊沁的父親希望他成為律師，只是闡述了事實，并沒有提及父親的想法和情感。選項C可排除。選項D符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.”，可知在邊沁的眾多弟子中，最著名的是約翰?斯圖亞特?密爾，他進一步發(fā)展了功利主義，但卻走了截然不同的路?？膳袛喑鱿挛淖羁赡芾^續(xù)介紹Mill以及他的主要思想。選項A符合題意。

15.單選題

Thosewhoanticipatepricechangescorrectlycanoftengainfinanciallyfromtheirforesight.

問題1選項

A.forecast

B.vision

C.estimate

D.talent

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.forecast預(yù)測，預(yù)報B.vision眼力，遠(yuǎn)見卓識

C.estimate（對數(shù)量、成本等的）估計，估價D.talent天資，天賦

【答案】B

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】foresight的意思為“深謀遠(yuǎn)慮，先見之明”，指的是有先見之明的人可以正確預(yù)測價格變化，因此就可以獲得可觀的經(jīng)濟收益，強調(diào)對事物發(fā)展的洞察力，vision與之詞義相近，因此B選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】那些正確預(yù)測價格變化的人往往能從他們的遠(yuǎn)見中獲得經(jīng)濟利益。

16.單選題

Salasisoneof13,000KingCountyemployeeswhowillbeaskedtoconfidentially_______whetherthey'reoverweight,smokeorengageinotherhealth-relatedvices.

問題1選項

A.dement

B.divulge

C.retaliate

D.disservice

【答案】B

【解析】dement使發(fā)狂;divulge泄露,暴露;retaliate報復(fù);disservice傷害,虐待。句意：薩拉斯是國王郡1.3萬名雇員之一,他們將被要求私下透露自己是否超重、是否吸煙或是否有其他與健康有關(guān)的惡習(xí)。選項B符合句意。

17.單選題

TheEgyptiansusedtobelievethatliteracywasdivine.Scholarsnolonger________thattheory,butwhyancientcivilizationsdevelopedwritingwasamysteryforalongtime.

問題1選項

A.embrace

B.involve

C.formulate

D.comprehend

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.embrace接受，采納B.involve包含，牽涉

C.formulate制訂，規(guī)劃D.comprehend理解，領(lǐng)悟

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處和下文的“theory（理論）”構(gòu)成動賓邏輯，表示學(xué)者們不再怎么樣這一理論，該理論指的是上一句的“埃及人過去一度認(rèn)為讀寫能力是一種天賜技能（literacywasdivine）”。由but可知，此處存在轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系，下文說到“古代文明為什么會發(fā)展書寫能力（writing）一直是一個謎（mystery）”，說明雖然學(xué)者們不認(rèn)同這一理論，但他們還不清楚為什么古代文明為什么會發(fā)展書寫能力。embrace指接受一個想法、建議、信念等，因此A選項embrace“接受，采納”最符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

B選項involve“包含，牽涉”指包括某人或某物作為某事物的一部分，不符合題干的語義邏輯；

C選項formulate“制訂，規(guī)劃”指精心制作或準(zhǔn)備，特別注意細(xì)節(jié)，不符合題干的語義邏輯；

D選項comprehend“理解，領(lǐng)悟”指充分理解某事物，此處說的是學(xué)者不接受、認(rèn)同這一理論，而不是不能理解理論的內(nèi)涵。

【句意】埃及人過去一度認(rèn)為讀寫能力是一種天賜技能。雖然學(xué)者們不再接受這一理論，但古代文明為什么會發(fā)展書寫能力一直是一個謎。

18.單選題

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarchaeologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavator'sgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.

Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatconiesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundancemorethan4.000examplessofar.

Thebasementsofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchasescouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.Apurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposes.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistopropose（）.

2.TheauthorimpliesthatallthefollowingstatementsaboutduplicateartifactsaretrueEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

4.Theword"abundance"(Line4,Paragraph4)hastheclosestmeaningto（）.

5.Whichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposaldosetheauthoranticipate?

問題1選項

A.analternativetomuseumdisplayofartifacts

B.awaytocurbillegaldiggingwhilebenefitingthearchaeologicalprofession

C.thegovernmentalregulationofarchaeologicalsites

D.anewsystemforcataloguingduplicateartifacts

問題2選項

A.amarketforsuchartifactsalreadyexists

B.suchartifactsseldomhavescientificvalue

C.museumsarewellsuppliedwithexamplesofsuchartifacts

D.suchartifactsfrequentlyexceedinqualitythosealreadycataloguedinmuseumcollection

問題3選項

A.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.

B.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.

C.Suchartifactsoftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.

D.Suchartifactsareoftendamagedbyvariationsintemperatureandhumidity.

問題4選項

A.alargequantity

B.aformidablequality

C.aweirdappearance

D.avaluablerarity

問題5選項

A.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultand