現(xiàn)代大學英語精讀4lesson2-language study課件

PartThreeLanguageStudyENTERI.

WordStudyII.

PhrasesandExpressionsIII.

WordBuildingIV.

Grammar

LanguageStudyContentsWordStudyWordlist:aggressionallotascendchilleccentric6.inquire7.mess8.moisten9.oblige10.shriek11.

tense12.viciousExamples:Baileybecameincreasinglyaggressiveinhisquestioningofthewitness.越來越咄咄逼人Today’sexecutivesarehungry,competitive,andaggressive.雄心勃勃，競爭意識強，有進取精神anaggressivetumor

迅速蔓延的腫瘤

a.aggressive

WordStudya.

inclinedtobehaveinahostilefashionb.

assertive,bold,andenterprisingc.

fastgrowing;tendingtospreadquicklyWordStudy2.allot v.a.toparcelout;todistributeorapportion

b.toassignasaportion;toallocate Examples:Theyallottedaparking-spacetoeachemployee.Canwedotheworkwithinthetimetheyhaveallottedtous?allocaterationsforaweek-longcampingtripapportionthemoneyfairlySynonymsallocateapportionassignTobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy

assign,allot,apportion,allocate

Theseverbsmeantosetasideorgiveout inportionsorshares.assign/allot

refertoarbitrarydistribution,but neitherimpliesequalityorfairness ofdivisionExamples:Thehardestworkwasassignedtothestrongestlaborers.Weallotahalfhouradayforrecreation.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy

apportionistodivideaccordingtoprescribed rulesandimpliesfairdistributionallocateusuallymeanstosetsomethingapart fromalargerquantity,asofmoney, foraspecificpurposeorfora particularpersonorgroupExamples:“Thefirstdutyofalegislatoristoapportionpenalties.”“立法者的第一項任務(wù)就是分配刑罰”Aportionofthebudgetwasallocatedfortheeducationofeachstudent.WordStudyn.

a.amoderatebutpenetratingcoldness

b.asensationofcoldness,oftenaccompaniedbyshiveringandpalloroftheskin

c.asuddennumbingfearordread

4.

chillExamples:Thereisanoticeablechillintheairtoday.Alittlechillrandownherback. Thepopulationexperiencedachillatthethreatofaninvasion.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy5.eccentrica.

a.departingfromarecognized,conventional,orestablishednormorpattern

b.deviatingfromacircularformorpath,asinanellipticalorbitExamples:Theoldladyhassomeeccentrichabits.Mars,Venusandtheotherplanetsmoveineccentricorbits.

火星、金星及其他行星沿不正圓的軌道運行。SynonymsoddoutlandishpeculiarqueerquaintstrangeTobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudySynonymsoddoutlandishpeculiarqueerquaintstrange

queer:markedlyfromthenorm“Now,mysuspicionisthattheuniverseisnotonlyqueererthanwesuppose,butqueererthanwecansuppose.”“現(xiàn)在，我的懷疑是宇宙不但比我們所假想的要奇異，而且比我們能假想的還要奇異。”J·B·S·(霍爾丹）

quaint:pleasingorold-fashionedpeculiaritythequaintstreetsofNewOrleansoutlandish:alienorbizarrestrangenessTheyweredressedinaquaint,outlandishfashion.WordStudy6.

inquirev.toseekinformationbyaskingaquestiontomakeaninquiryorinvestigationExamples:I’llinquireabouttheflights.Sheinquiredaftermymother’shealth.Thedirectorinquiredof

meabout/concerningourwork.Weinquiredintohisstory,andfounditwastrue.Heinquiredforthebookinabookshop.Wordformationsn.inquiryinquisitiona.inquiringinquisitiveTobecontinuedonthenextpage.WordStudy Fillingtheblankswiththeappropriateformsof“inquire”:Havetheymadeany____afterme?Theobjectofscientific_____istodiscoverthelawsofnature.Don'tbeso_____;I’mnottellingyouwhatI’vepromisednottosay.An_____mindisveryvitalandvaluableinpursuingknowledge.IknewI’dfacean_____whenIgothome.KeysinquiriesinquiryinquisitiveinquiringinquisitionWordStudy7.

messn.a.acluttered,untidy,usuallydirtyconditionb.aconfused,troubling,orembarrassing conditionExamples:I’llhavetoclearupallthemessinthisroom.Thecopperindustrywasinamess.Thisillnessmakesamessofmyholidayplans.Shemesseduphernewdresswithredink.Don’tmesswithhimwhenheisangry.和他搗亂

amessycourtcase

一件難纏的官司

v.messa.messyWordformationsWordStudy8.moisten

v.tomakeorbecomemoist

Examples:“Moistenedbyrainanddew,youngcropsgrowstrong.”雨露滋潤禾苗壯。Hiseyesweremoistwithtears.Thesundriesthemoistureontheground.n.moisturea.moistWordformationsWordStudy10.shriek n.

a.ashrill,oftenfranticcry

b.asoundsuggestiveofsuchacry

v.to

shriekExamples:Asuddenterribleshriekfrozethepassengertothespot.Weheardtheshriekoftheengine’swhistle.Theywereallshriekingwithlaughter.shriekoutawarningSynonymscallcryscreamscreechshoutyellWordStudy a.a.tightlystretched

b.inastateofmentalornervoustensionv./n.tenseExamples:tensemusclesTheplayersweretenseatthestartofthegame.Hedislikesoralexamsmostofall;theyalwaystensehimup.“Just”isfrequentlyusedwiththepresentperfecttense.11.tense

n.tension

a.tensile可拉長的WordformationsList:everynowandthen/againgiveone’salibiinasplitsecondmakearemarknot…intheleastpopinandoutputoutofone’smindstarttheballingrollingtakeadvantageof10.walkinone’ssleepPhrasesandExpressionsExamples:Everynowandthenashipcameintotheharbor.Writemeapostcardeverynowandagain.Everynowandthenhewipedhiseyeswithabigpocket-handkerchief.HeonlycomestoLondoneverynowandthen.1.

everynowandthen/againPhrasesandExpressionsonanumberofoccasions;atregularintervalsMoreexamples:immediately inamomentatonce inaninstantataword inasecondrightaway inablinkatshortnoticeinatwinklingofaneyeinstantly inonebreathinstantaneously inthesamebreath3.inasplitsecondPhrasesandExpressions一瞬間，霎那間PhrasesandExpressions4.makearemarktomakeastatementorcommetExamples:Theykeptmakingremarksaboutus.SophiamadenoremarkastoGerald’slietoher.Hemadeanunpleasantcommentaboutmyfriend.Hemadeaflatteringstatementaboutherclothes.Glass,exposedbeams,andantiquesallcombinetomakeastrongdecorativestatement.

將玻璃、裸露的柱子和古董結(jié)合在一起制造出強烈的裝飾效果。Examples:Iamnotintheleastafraidofhisthreats.Idon’tmindintheleast.atleast:

至少；無論如何Iwaited

atleast

anhour.

Youmight

atleast

answer.leastofall:尤其不Nobodycared,

leastofall

themanager.notleast:相當重要Tradehasbeenbad,

notleast

becauseofincreasedcosts.5.not…intheleast

not…atallPhrasesandExpressionstomakeoneforgetsomething7.

putoutofone’smindPhrasesandExpressionsExample:Youhavetotrytoputyourpastsufferingoutofyourmindandmakeafreshstart.Tobecontinuedonthenextpage.Phraseswith“mind”Phraseswith“mind”PhrasesandExpressionsbeinone’emindbeintwomindsbeonone’smindbeoutofone’smindbearinmindgiveone’smindtogooutofone’smindkeepone’smindontake…offone’smind有想法，想念拿不定主意，不肯定，猶豫壓在心上，有心事不想，不正常記住專心從事，對······專注不再想，忘掉，發(fā)瘋專心注意，聚精會神去掉心事tostarttheconversation/activity8.starttheballrollingPhrasesandExpressionsOtherPhrases:gettheballrolling(=keeptheballrolling)

使（活動、討論等）不中斷havetheballatone’sfeet有希望一蹴而就ontheball內(nèi)行；在行Thatbankerisreallyontheball.

那位銀行家的確很在行。playball（與with連用）合作

toputingooduse;toavailoneselfofprofitselfishlyby9.takeadvantageofPhrasesandExpressionsExamples:Weshouldtakeadvantageofalleducationalopportunities.She’ssusinghercharmtotrytotakeadvantageofhim.cf.makeuseof:Shewasmakingfulluseofheropportunity.Example:Childrenwhowalkintheirsleepusuallyoutgrowthehabit.夢游的孩子通常在長大后會改掉這個習慣。10.walkinone’ssleepPhrasesandExpressionsTheendofPhrasesandExpressions.towalkaroundwhileasleepcryoneselftosleep哭著睡著了get/gotosleep睡著，入睡inasound/beautifulsleep睡得正熟/香last/longsleep

長眠

puttosleep使睡著WordBuildingList:

Derivativesof“form”

Derivativesof“scribe”

Affix—rupt

Suffix—-mitWordBuildingconformdeformmisinformperformreformtransformformationformatform:theshapeandstructureofanobject

inform:in在內(nèi)+form形狀；在心里造成形狀就引申為通知……符合，使一致變形告知錯誤的信息履行，執(zhí)行改革，重新組成轉(zhuǎn)換，使變形形成，構(gòu)成，編隊格式，形式，版式……scribe:fromLateLatin“scrīe”:towrite：寫，記下WordBuildingascribedescribeinscribeprescribesubscribetranscribe歸因于，歸咎于描寫，記述，形容記下指示，規(guī)定，開藥訂閱，簽署轉(zhuǎn)錄WordBuildingeruptrupt:

fromLatin“rumpere”:tobreakabruptbankrupteruptcorruptdisruptinterruptrupture突然，陡峭的破產(chǎn)噴出，爆發(fā)腐爛，墮落使中斷，使破裂打斷，中斷破裂，裂開Suffix—-mit:Latinsuffix:tosend呈交，放開

admit:ad-=to向，對WordBuildingadmitcommitemitremittransmitThisistheendofWordBuilding.允許，接納把······交托給，提交發(fā)出，放射匯出，傳送傳輸，傳達GrammarTobecontinuedonthenextpage.ParentheticalElementsBeforegoingintohisroomhemadeanoldremarkwhich—inthecircumstances—isworthrepeating.PrepositionalphraseasaparentheticalexpressiontoaddsomeexplanationsofthesituationParentheticalelementsareoftenusedastransitionalandexplanatoryexpressionsorafterthoughts.MoreExamplesGrammarTobecontinuedonthenextpage.ManystudentschooseSaturdayforsportsorsocialactivities.Sunday,ontheotherhand,seemstobethebeststudydayformanystudents.(transitional)Economics,especiallyatanadvancedlevel,iscloselyrelatedtomathematics.(explanatory)Foranhour—itwasthatlong,Iamsure—myeyesstaredattheceiling,andheldontoitfordearlife.(afterthoughts)Ikeptouttill

—approximately—nineo’clock.(explanatory)

Studythefollowingsentencesbelow,identifyparentheticalelem