考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州理工大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-蘭州理工大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Icanmeetyouateighto’clock;（

）youcancallforme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incidentally

B.actually

C.alternatively

D.accordingly

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我可以八點(diǎn)鐘跟你見(jiàn)面，或者你也可以來(lái)接我。

考查副詞辨析。Incidentally順便,偶然地;actually實(shí)際上;alternatively二者擇一地,或者;accordingly因此。故C符合句意。

2.單選題

Giventheotherconstitutionalgroundselaboratedbythejustices,theassociation（）thatschoolsshouldcontinuetotest,iftheysochoose.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.preserves

B.safeguards

C.maintains

D.conserves

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)preserve“保護(hù)、保存”；B選項(xiàng)safeguard“保護(hù)、保衛(wèi)”；C選項(xiàng)maintain“維護(hù)、維持”；D選項(xiàng)conserve“保存、保護(hù)”，句意為：考慮到法官們闡述的其他憲法依據(jù)，協(xié)會(huì)堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，如果學(xué)校選擇繼續(xù)進(jìn)行考試的話，他們應(yīng)該繼續(xù)進(jìn)行考試。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.單選題

Recently,CongressionalDemocratsintroducedlegislationtomakeiteasierforolderworkerstowinagediscriminationlawsuits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Inrecenttenyears,15.79percentofcasesbroughttotheEqualEmploymentOpportunityCommission,weredescribedassuccessfulclaims.WhilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbytheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,many,ifnotmost,instancesofagediscriminationareneversued,andcaseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected.

Mostofthosewhodosuearewhite,malemiddle-managerswhoarelikelytohavelostasizeablesalaryandpension.Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.Agediscriminationremainsasignificantworkplaceissue.

Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.Recently,IperformedalabormarketexperimentinBostoninwhichIsentoutthousandsofresumesforfictitious(虛構(gòu)的)entry-levelfemalecandidatesandmeasuredresponseratebasedondateofhighschoolgraduation.Amongthisgroup,youngerapplicants,whosedateofhighschoolgraduationindicatedthattheywerelessthan50yearsold,were40percentmorelikelytobecalledbackforaninterviewthanwereolderapplicants.

Itisdifficulttotellwhetheremploymentproblemsareworseforolderworkersthanforotherworkerswhentimesarebad.Thenumberofdiscriminationlawsuitsincreasesduringtimesofhighunemployment,butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.

Fromtheemployer’sperspective,masslayoffsmayseemlikeagoodchancetoremoveahigherproportionofgenerallymoreexpensiveolderworkerswithouttheworryofbeingsued.Ontheotherhand,employersmaybelesslikelytoremoveprotectedolderworkersbecausetheystillfearlawsuits.Onethingwedoknowisthatonceanolderworkerlosesajob,heorsheismuchlesslikelytofindanewjobthanayoungerworkeris.

Unfortunately,theeffectoflegislationprohibitingagediscriminationisnoteasytoseeandmayactuallybepartofthereasonitissodifficultforolderworkerstofindemployment.Ifitismoredifficulttofireanolderworkerthanayoungerworker,afirmwillbelesslikelytowanttohireolderworkers.Indeed,myresearchfindsthatinstateswhereworkershavelongertimetobringalawsuitclaim,oldermenworkfewerweeksperyear,arelesslikelytobehired,andlesslikelytobefiredthanmeninstateswheretheydonothaveasmuch.

NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.However,legislationprohibitingdiscriminationisnopanacea(萬(wàn)靈藥).Therecentproposedcongressionallegislationcouldhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonpotentialolderworkers.

1.Alotofcasesofagediscriminationarenotfoundbecause（）

2.ThelabormarketexperimentinBostonshowsthat（）

3.Whatmayleadtotheincreaseofdiscriminationlawsuitsduringtimesofhighunemployment?

4.Fromthelastparagraph,welearnthat（）

5.Theauthoris（）whenheanalyzestheagediscriminationissue.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.agediscriminationlawwasjustintroducedrecently.

B.otherdiscriminatedgroupsdon’tsueexceptthewhites.

C.agediscriminationcasesareinlargequantityanditisdifficulttodetectallofthem.

D.manydiscriminatedpeopledon’tsueandcostsofalawsuitoutweighpotentialbenefits.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.youngermaleapplicantsaremorelikelytobehiredthantheirfemalecounterparts.

B.agediscriminationisquitecommoninhiringprocess.

C.theauthorcollectedinformationbyinterviewingfemaleapplicants.

D.femaleapplicantswhoare50yearsoldwillneverhaveachancetogetajob.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theincreaseofagediscrimination.

B.Thedecreaseofagediscrimination.

C.Thedecreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.

D.Theincreaseofopportunitycosttolawsuits.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.employerscouldspecifytheagesofpeopletheywanttohireinthepast.

B.allemployersrecruitedworkersthroughadvertisementinthepast.

C.legislationprohibitingdiscriminationcan’tfreeoldworkersfromagediscrimination.

D.therecentproposedcongressionallegislationisineffective.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.partial

C.objective

D.doubtful

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章第二段最后一句caseshiringdiscriminationoftengoundetected（雇傭歧視的案例往往沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)。），接下來(lái)第三段說(shuō)明了沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因，由第三段第二句Forthemostpart,othergroupsdonotsuebecausethecostsofalawsuitoutweighthepotentialbenefits.（在大多數(shù)情況下，其他團(tuán)體不會(huì)起訴，因?yàn)樵V訟的成本超過(guò)了潛在的利益。）可知，很多年齡歧視的案例沒(méi)有被發(fā)現(xiàn)是因?yàn)槿藗儧](méi)有起訴，而且起訴的成本高于利益。因此D選項(xiàng)“許多受歧視的人不起訴，而且訴訟的成本超過(guò)了潛在的利益?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視法最近剛剛出臺(tái)”，文中沒(méi)有具體說(shuō)年齡歧視法出臺(tái)的時(shí)間，所以A錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“除了白人，其他受歧視的群體不起訴”，文章說(shuō)的是大多數(shù)提起訴訟的都是白人，而不是其他群體不起訴，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視案件數(shù)量龐大，很難全部發(fā)現(xiàn)”，根據(jù)文章第二段第二句WhilethisnumberissmallgiventhenumberofworkerscoveredbytheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct（考慮到《就業(yè)年齡歧視法》所涵蓋的工人人數(shù)，這個(gè)數(shù)字很?。┛芍挲g歧視案件的數(shù)量并不多，所以C錯(cuò)誤。

2.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“l(fā)abormarketexperimentinBoston”可以定位到文章第四段，由第四段第一句Thereisstrongexperimentalevidenceforagediscriminationinhiring,atleastforentry-leveljobs.（有強(qiáng)有力的實(shí)驗(yàn)證據(jù)表明，在招聘中存在年齡歧視，至少在入門(mén)級(jí)工作中是如此。）可知，年齡歧視在招聘過(guò)程中很普遍。因此B選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視在招聘過(guò)程中很常見(jiàn)?！闭_。A選項(xiàng)“年輕的男性求職者比女性求職者更有可能被錄用”，文章說(shuō)的是年齡歧視，而不是性別歧視，所以A錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“作者通過(guò)面試女性申請(qǐng)者收集信息”，作者是通過(guò)投遞女性求職者的簡(jiǎn)歷來(lái)做調(diào)查，而不是面試女性，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“50歲的女性應(yīng)聘者將永遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)得到工作”，文章說(shuō)的是年輕的求職者比50歲以上的求職者接到面試通知的可能性高，而不是50歲的女性永遠(yuǎn)找不到工作，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“highunemployment”可以定位到文章第五段最后一句Intimesofhigherunemployment,theopportunitycosttoalawsuitislowerthanitiswhentimesaregood.（在高失業(yè)率時(shí)期，訴訟的機(jī)會(huì)成本比經(jīng)濟(jì)景氣時(shí)要低。），說(shuō)明高失業(yè)率時(shí)期訴訟成本降低會(huì)導(dǎo)致訴訟案件增加。因此C選項(xiàng)“訴訟的機(jī)會(huì)成本降低。”正確。A選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視的增加”，B選項(xiàng)“年齡歧視的減少”，根據(jù)第五段第二句butthisfindingbyitselfdoesnotindicateanincreasedlevelofagediscrimination.（但這一發(fā)現(xiàn)本身并不表明年齡歧視水平的增加）可知訴訟案件的增加和年齡歧視的多少無(wú)關(guān)，所以A，B錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“訴訟的機(jī)會(huì)成本增加”和C選項(xiàng)是相反的，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到文章最后一段，由最后一段第一句NotmanypeoplewouldsuggestthatwegobacktoaworldpriortotheAgeDiscriminationinEmploymentAct,inwhichadvertisementsspecifythespecificagesofpeopletheyarewillingtohire.（沒(méi)有多少人會(huì)建議我們回到《就業(yè)年齡歧視法》出臺(tái)之前的時(shí)代，在那個(gè)時(shí)代，招聘廣告會(huì)明確指出他們?cè)敢夤蛡虻娜说木唧w年齡。）可知，在過(guò)去雇主可以指定他們想雇傭的人的年齡。因此A選項(xiàng)“過(guò)去的雇主可以指定他們想雇傭的人的年齡?！闭_。B選項(xiàng)“過(guò)去所有的雇主都是通過(guò)廣告招聘工人的”，在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以B錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“禁止歧視的立法不能使老年工人免受年齡歧視”，根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Therecentproposedcongressionallegislationcouldhavebothpositiveandnegativeeffectsonpotentialolderworkers.（最近提出的國(guó)會(huì)立法可能對(duì)潛在的老年工人產(chǎn)生正面和負(fù)面的影響。）可知，立法對(duì)解決年齡歧視問(wèn)題是有一定積極影響的，所以C錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“最近提出的國(guó)會(huì)立法是無(wú)效的”，在文中沒(méi)有提及，所以D錯(cuò)誤。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章第一段說(shuō)到年齡歧視情況很多時(shí)候不被發(fā)現(xiàn)，接下來(lái)分析原因，講到立法效果不明顯等，這些都是事實(shí)和現(xiàn)狀，作者不帶自己的主觀色彩，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)年齡歧視問(wèn)題的闡述態(tài)度是客觀的。因此C選項(xiàng)“客觀的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“悲觀的”，B選項(xiàng)“部分的”，D選項(xiàng)“懷疑的”都不能說(shuō)明作者的態(tài)度，所以A，B，D錯(cuò)誤。

4.單選題

Thelegalownershipofthegoods______theselleruntilthefinalpaymenthasbeenmade.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.relieson

B.consists

C.remainswith

D.fallsinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)relyon“依靠；依賴；憑借；信賴”；B選項(xiàng)consists“包括；組成；由；在于”；C選項(xiàng)remainwith“屬于；在；翻譯；取決于”；D選項(xiàng)fallinto“落入；陷入；陷于；河流注入”。句意：在付清全部貨款之前，貨物的所有權(quán)屬于賣方。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Goingintothediningroomwherethebanquetwasgivenlastnight,Icanseethe（）arestillonthetable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.remains

B.relics

C.remnants

D.surplus

【答案】A

【解析】句意:走進(jìn)昨晚舉行宴會(huì)的餐廳后，我能看到剩余的飯菜依然在桌上。

考查名詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。remain遺跡，剩余（物），殘??；relics遺物，紀(jì)念物；remnant剩余（主要的部分被使用后的剩余），遺跡；surplus剩余（指超過(guò)需要數(shù)量之外的剩余），［貿(mào)易］順差，盈余。因此A符合句意。

6.單選題

By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigerssurvivedthroughouttheworld-halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowedandcountedtigerfootprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigersexistedinIndia.ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.

TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritoriesbysprayingurineandotherbodilyliquidsonbushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.Tigersfighttodeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingheryoung,orwhenatigerisguardingatigressfromtheattentionsofothermales.

Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerablehunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.

FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.Ithasenabledthetigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80’s),butIndia’shumanpopulationhasalsogrownoutofcontrol.Currentlyitis750millionandlikelytobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Landproblemisbecomingseriousandmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforestsarereservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhasaddedtothehostility.

21.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo______.

22.Studieshaveshownthat______.

23.Accordingtothepassage,atiger’sterritory______.

24.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger______.

25.Theauthorseems______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.studythegrowthrateoftigers

B.protecttigersfrombeingkilled

C.promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D.analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B.thetigressisnotasfierceasthetigers

C.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

D.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.remainsunchanged

B.isoftendefendedbytigresses

C.expandsasthetigergrowsup

D.isthecauseofmostfights

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeencarriedtoofar

B.hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoal

D.isnotworththemoneyspentonit

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

B.tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

C.tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D.tobesatisfiedwithProjectTiger

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】21.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“老虎計(jì)劃的最終目標(biāo)是……”。定位文章第一段，該段講述了老虎數(shù)量銳減，最后提到ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.（世界自然基金會(huì)資助的老虎項(xiàng)目立即啟動(dòng)。建立了9個(gè)老虎保護(hù)區(qū)，有武裝警衛(wèi)保護(hù)它們。），可推知老虎被捕殺是其數(shù)量劇減的根本原因，因此使老虎免于被殺是野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)基金會(huì)的最終目的。B項(xiàng)“保護(hù)老虎不被殺害”正確。A項(xiàng)“研究老虎的生長(zhǎng)速度”和C項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)幼虎的繁殖”沒(méi)提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。D項(xiàng)“分析老虎的行為模式”在第二段有提及，定位第一句TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.（該項(xiàng)目為來(lái)自印度和國(guó)外的研究人員提供了研究保護(hù)區(qū)老虎的機(jī)會(huì)，并收集了以前無(wú)法獲得的關(guān)于老虎習(xí)性的信息）可知，該項(xiàng)并不是這個(gè)老虎項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)，而是其有利之處，屬于張冠李戴。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

22.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“研究表明……”。定位第三段第二句Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.（但研究表明老虎捕捉獵物的成功率僅為1/20）可知，老虎捕捉獵物的成功率很低，所以D項(xiàng)“老虎并不是通常所說(shuō)的高效的獵手”正確。A項(xiàng)“母老虎在受到攻擊之前從不攻擊”和B項(xiàng)“母老虎不像其他老虎那樣兇猛”沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.（但它會(huì)根據(jù)其他老虎獨(dú)特的身體氣味，盡量避免爭(zhēng)奪地盤(pán)）可知，C項(xiàng)“一只老虎通常與另一只老虎搏斗以保衛(wèi)自己的領(lǐng)土”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

23.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章，老虎的領(lǐng)地……”。定位第二段第二句Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.（研究表明，根據(jù)年齡、體型和力量，雄性老虎可以控制10到20平方公里的狩獵區(qū)域），以及第三句Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.（雄虎的領(lǐng)地包括三到四只雌虎的小領(lǐng)地）可知，一頭雄老虎依年齡、體型及力量可以控制10至20公里的狩獵領(lǐng)地，隨著老虎的長(zhǎng)大，其體型及力量都在增大，其占領(lǐng)的狩獵領(lǐng)地的面積自然也就增大，C項(xiàng)“隨著老虎的成長(zhǎng)而擴(kuò)大”正確。A項(xiàng)“保持不變”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。B項(xiàng)“通常由母老虎保護(hù)”沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.（但它會(huì)根據(jù)其他老虎獨(dú)特的身體氣味，盡量避免爭(zhēng)奪地盤(pán)）可知，D項(xiàng)“是大多數(shù)打架的原因”也是反向干擾。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

24.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意思是“有些人害怕老虎計(jì)劃……”。定位最后一段第一句FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.（最近人們開(kāi)始擔(dān)心“老虎計(jì)劃”太成功了），toosuccessful與A項(xiàng)中的carriedtoofar是同樣的意思，所以A項(xiàng)“做得太過(guò)火”正確。B項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有得到足夠的重視”和C項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有實(shí)現(xiàn)它的目標(biāo)”與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。D項(xiàng)“不值得花這么多錢(qián)”沒(méi)提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

25.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者看起來(lái)……”?？v觀全文，作者對(duì)于老虎保護(hù)項(xiàng)目沒(méi)有加入個(gè)人的主觀色彩，也沒(méi)有描述主觀情感的詞語(yǔ)，所以他持的是一種客觀的態(tài)度。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃采取實(shí)事求是的態(tài)度”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃充滿熱情”、C項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃持?jǐn)硨?duì)態(tài)度”和D項(xiàng)“對(duì)老虎計(jì)劃感到滿意”都是曲解原文。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Thetwocountrieshavedevelopeda（）relationandincreasedagreatdealinforeign

trade.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.managerial

B.lethal

C.metric

D.cordial

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。managerial管理的；lethal致命的；metric米制的，公制的；cordial熱忱的，誠(chéng)懇的。句意:兩國(guó)發(fā)展了（）關(guān)系，對(duì)外貿(mào)易增加了很多。只有cordial符合邏輯和句意。

8.翻譯題

如果你是那種看著別人的生活就羨慕，對(duì)自己的生活提不起精神的人，也許你需要把握生活，做些改變。很多人每天從早到晚做同樣的事情，對(duì)現(xiàn)狀感到非常滿足并很快樂(lè)。但是，如果你覺(jué)得自己的潛能被浪費(fèi)，內(nèi)心深處渴望更活躍刺激的生活，你就需要采取一些積極的行動(dòng)。

你會(huì)覺(jué)得如果你處在另一種環(huán)境，你肯定會(huì)掌握好局面，為更宏大目標(biāo)而努力。如果你真這樣想過(guò)，那就不應(yīng)該被無(wú)法改變的現(xiàn)狀所難倒，不要為自己為什么不開(kāi)始行動(dòng)找借口，也不要為自己找為什么不去充分發(fā)揮潛能的理由了。

如果人滿腹激情，也有能力干一番事業(yè)，就不要浪費(fèi)自己的才能。停止抱怨，命運(yùn)掌握在自己手里！現(xiàn)在該是人停止自欺欺人、認(rèn)識(shí)到岸上的安全可能要比你所想的更具有破壞性的時(shí)候了。

【答案】Ifyouarethatkindofpersonwhoadmiresothers’livesandislow-spiritedtoyourownlife,youneedtoholdyourlifeandmakesomechanges.Manypeopledothesamethingfrommorningtonightandfeelverysatisfiedwithcurrentsituation.However,ifyouthinkthatyourpotentialiswastedandyouexpecttohaveamoreactiveandexcitinglifedeeplyinyourheart,youneedtotakesomepositiveactions.

Youwouldimaginethatifyouareplacedinanotherenvironment,youwillbecontrolthesituationbetter,andmakegreateffortsformoreambitiousgoals.Ifyoureallythoughtaboutthis,youshouldnotbefrustratedbyunalterablestatus,rationalizeandexplainwhatyouwerenotdoingandwhyyoucannotexertyourpotentialfully.

Ifapersonisfullofpassion,andiscapableofhavingacareer,heshouldn’twastehiscapacity.Stopcomplainingandyoucontrolyourowndestiny!Itishightimethatyoushouldstopyourself-deceptionandrealizethatthesafetyontheshorethatispossiblymoredevastatingthanyoucanimagine.

9.單選題

Theelevationoftheassistantcoachtotheheadcoachingpositionwithinonly9monthswasasurprise.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.raise

B.promotion

C.transfer

D.precedence

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.raise加薪B.promotion（職位）晉升

C.transfer（工作）調(diào)動(dòng)D.precedence優(yōu)先

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句從助理教練（assistantcoach）到主教練（headcoaching）是職位的晉升，B選項(xiàng)“（職位）晉升”最符合原文。原文elevation“提升”

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)raise“加薪”，原句側(cè)重職位提高，而不是工資的增加；

C選項(xiàng)transfer“（工作）調(diào)動(dòng)”，沒(méi)有B選項(xiàng)“（職位）晉升”具體；

D選項(xiàng)precedence“優(yōu)先”，不符合原文邏輯。

【句意】助理教練在短短9個(gè)月內(nèi)晉升為主教練，這是一個(gè)驚喜。

10.單選題

Afterhewas___fromthearmy,hehadintendedtoreturntotheworldofteaching.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discharged

B.enrolled

C.awarded

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.discharged準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開(kāi)；釋放B.enrolled登記；使加入

C.awarded授予；判定D.promoted促進(jìn)；宣傳；促銷

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格前用after連接表示從軍隊(duì)……之后。后半句意思為他曾想回到教學(xué)界。根據(jù)句子邏輯，應(yīng)該是在離開(kāi)軍隊(duì)后，想要回到教書(shū)世界。用discharge的被動(dòng)形式，表示被允許從軍隊(duì)離開(kāi)。因此選A.discharged準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開(kāi)；釋放。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】退伍后，他曾打算回到教學(xué)界。

11.單選題

TheForbiddenCityistheformerimperialpalaceinthecenterofBeijing,China.A.Constructionbeganin1406,andtheemperor’scourtofficiallymovedinby1420.TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls.Evengovernmentofficialsandtheimperialfamilywerepermittedonlylimitedaccess.Onlytheemperorcouldenteranysectionatwill.

ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples.Allbuildingswithinthewallsfollowanorth-southline,andthemostimportantonesfacesouthtohonorthesun.Thedesignersarrangedtheotherbuildings,andtheceremonialspacesbetweenthem,toimpressallvisitorswiththegreatpoweroftheEmperor,whilereinforcingtheinsignificanceoftheindividual.Thisarchitecturalconceptwascarriedouttothesmallestdetail.Forexample,theimportanceofabuildingwasdeterminednotonlybyitsheightorwidthbutalsobythestyleofitsroofandthequantityofstatuettesplacedontheroof’sridges.

Inrecognitionoftheimportanceofitsunparalleledarchitecture,UNESCOaddedthepalacetoitsWorldHeritageListin1987.Today,visitorsfromallovertheworlddonotwaitforanimperialinvitationtowalkaboutthispalace,nowamuseumofimperialart.

OneofthemostimpressivelandmarksoftheForbiddenCityistheMeridianGate,theformalentrancetothesouthernsideoftheForbiddenCity.Thegate,withitsauxiliarywingsoneithersideoftheentryway,is38metershighatitsroofridge.Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations.

Asyouwalkthroughthegate,youcomeintoalargecourtyard,140meterslongand210meterswide.RunningthroughthecourtyardistheGoldenRiver,whichiscrossedbyfiveparallelwhitemarblebridges.ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony,which,inturn,leadstotheheartoftheForbiddenCity.Itsthreemainhallsstandatopathree-tieredmarbleterraceoverlookinganimmenseplaza.A.Theplazahasenoughspacetoholdtensofthousandsofsubjectspayinghomagetotheemperor.

AtthenorthernmostendoftheForbiddenCityistheImperialGarden,whichistotallydifferentfromtherestofthecompound.D.Insteadofrigidformality,youseeaseemingspontaneousarrangementoftrees,fishponds,flowerbeds,andsculpture.Hereistheplaceofrelaxationfortheemperor.

1.Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.

2.Fromthepassage,itisimpliedthatthemainentranceareatotheForbiddenCityis.

3.Whichphraseisclosestinmeaningtotheword“proclamations”inparagraph4?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatdothebridgesovertheGoldenRiverleadto?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Chinesearchitectsborrowedideasfrommanydifferentcountries

B.thedesignoftheForbiddenCityisdullandcolorless

C.thearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityexemplifiestraditionalChinesevalues

D.thegardenoftheForbiddenCitywaslaidoutinastrict,rectangularpattern

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.surroundedbythreetallwalls

B.paintedgoldandgreen

C.decoratedwithstatuettes

D.notveryimpressive

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Musiccomposedforpublicceremonies

B.Speechesencouragingsoldierstofight

C.Officialpublicannouncements

D.Poetrywrittenfortheemperor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheMeridiangate

B.TheGateofSupremeHarmony

C.ThecenterofBeijing

D.TheImperialGardens

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第一句話提到紫禁城的建筑嚴(yán)格遵循中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)原則（ThearchitectureoftheForbiddenCityconformsrigidlytotraditionalChineseprinciples），由此可知選項(xiàng)C“紫禁城的建筑體現(xiàn)了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的價(jià)值觀”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第三句話提到紫禁城得名于大多數(shù)人被禁止進(jìn)入這個(gè)區(qū)域，周圍有圍墻（TheForbiddenCitygotitsnamebecausemostpeoplewerebarredfromenteringthe72-hectaresite,surroundedbywalls），由此可知進(jìn)入紫禁城的入口是被高墻圍住，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。文章第四段最后一句話提到當(dāng)你站在這座雄偉的建筑前，你就能理解人們站在那里聆聽(tīng)帝王宣言的敬畏之情（Whenyoustandinfrontofthismajesticstructure,youunderstandhowawedpeoplefeltwhentheystoodtherelisteningtoimperialproclamations），由此可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第五段第三句ThesebridgesleadtotheGateofSupremeHarmony可知選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

I'msorrytohave（）youwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interfered

B.impressed

C.offended

D.bothered

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這種情況下，我還問(wèn)了這么多問(wèn)題，給你添麻煩了，真是抱歉。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。interfere干預(yù)；打擾；impress給……以深刻印象；offend冒犯；得罪；bother煩擾；打擾。因此D符合句意。

13.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.paradox

B.junction

C.premise

D.dilemma

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。paradox“似是而非的論點(diǎn)”；junction“連接”；premise“前提，假設(shè)”；dilemma“進(jìn)退兩難”。題干中提及家長(zhǎng)在面對(duì)孩子教育上有兩種選擇，讓他們難以抉擇，陷入兩難。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

Agriculturewasastepinhumanprogress（

）whichsubsequentlytherewasnotanythingcomparableuntilourownmachineage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.for

C.to

D.from

【答案】C

【解析】介詞辨析題。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這里是由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是agriculture，填空處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)和comparable搭配的介詞，只有介詞to能與之搭配，意為“可比較的，比得上是”，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

Sheblushed（

）thementionher（

）fiance’sname.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.of,at

B.on,by

C.at,of

D.by,on

【答案】C

【解析】句意:一提到未婚夫的名字她就臉紅。

考查固定搭配。atthementionof提到…時(shí),一提起。

16.寫(xiě)作題

Nowadaysthewaymanypeopleinteractwitheachotherhaschangedbecauseoftechnology.Inwhatwayshastechnologyaffectedthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother?Hasthisbecomeapositiveornegativedevelopment?Youmustwritelogicallyandshowyourclearpointofviewwithsufficientsupportingpoints.Youmaymakeuseofanyrelevantexamplesfromyourknowledgeorexperience.Youshouldhaveyourowntitleandwriteatleast200words.

【答案】略。

17.單選題

Imustgonow,and（

）ifyouwantthatbookI'llbringitnexttime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Successively

B.respectively

C.incidentally

D.accidentally

【答案】C

【解析】successively相繼地，接連著地；respectively分別地，各自地；incidentally順便，偶然地，附帶地；accidentally偶然地，意外地。句意：我現(xiàn)在必須得走了，順便說(shuō)一句，如果你想要那本書(shū)，我下次會(huì)帶來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

18.單選題

Beforethe1980s,theideaofhealthinsurancewasquite（

）tothoselivinginthemainlandofChina.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.overseas

B.abroad

C.foreign

D.offshore

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)overseas“海外的，國(guó)外的”；B選項(xiàng)abroad“在國(guó)外”；C選項(xiàng)foreign“外國(guó)的，陌生的”;D選項(xiàng)offshore“近海的’；句意是‘主語(yǔ)theideaofhealthinsurance醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)’這個(gè)概念在20世紀(jì)80年代之前對(duì)居民來(lái)說(shuō)是…，C選項(xiàng)符合句意，正確。

19.單選題

ThealcoholintakeofGreeksisalsomodest______Europeanterms,butthey’rethebiggestsmokersinthe15-countrybloc,______upeighttimesadayforeveryman,womanandchild.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.during,lighted

B.in,lighting

C.for,lighted

D.as,lighting

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在歐洲，希臘人的飲酒量也不算高，但他們卻是15國(guó)中吸煙人數(shù)最多的國(guó)家，男女老少平均每天要抽8次煙。根據(jù)固定搭配intermsof“在……方面，從……角度”，確定第一根橫線用介詞in；第二根橫線考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)和本句的主語(yǔ)一致，動(dòng)作是主語(yǔ)主動(dòng)發(fā)出，確定用現(xiàn)在分詞lighting，B選項(xiàng)in,lighting符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.寫(xiě)作題

YouaresupposedtowriteanotetoMr.PeterKelly,whoisavisitingprofessoratyourdepartment,askinghimtoarrangeatimetodiscusstheoutlineofyourpaper.

1.Thenoteshouldbeginwith“Professor...”;

2.Thenoteshouldendwith“ZhangPing”;

3.Thenoteshouldgiveabriefintroductiontoyourpaper,suchasthetopicandmajorpoints.

【答案】DearProfessorPeterKelly,

IlearnfromthedeanofourdepartmentthatyouareanexpertinITcultureandyouarenowavisitingprofessoratourComputerDepartment.Thedeansaysthatyouarekind-heartedandalwaysreadytohelpothersandhetellsmetocomeintocontactwithyou.

TodayIamwritingthisnoteto