考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京師范大學(xué)押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Althoughthetownhadbeen（）bythestormseveraltimes,littledamagewasdone.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attacked

B.injured

C.banned

D.struck

【答案】A

【解析】句意:盡管這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)幾次遭到暴風(fēng)雨的襲擊，但幾乎沒有造成什么損失。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。attack攻擊，抨擊，動(dòng)手干；injure傷害，損害:harm傷害，危害，損害;struck罷工，打擊。此處是動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式表被動(dòng)，動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者是thestorm(暴風(fēng)雨)，故選A項(xiàng)。

2.填空題

Onceinsidethevirtualclassroom,youhaveaccesstoachatfeature,an________whiteboardandavideowindowwheretheycanseeandhearthetutorinlivevideoandaudio.(interact)

【答案】interactive

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞。

【解題思路】橫線部分和white修飾board，指的是用來上課的交互式白板，interactive意思為“交互式的”，符合語境。

【句意】一旦進(jìn)入虛擬教室，你就可以使用聊天功能、交互式白板和視頻窗口，學(xué)生就可以看到導(dǎo)師的實(shí)時(shí)視頻，聽到音頻。

3.單選題

Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal（）forlivingexpenses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.acceptable

B.applicable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)acceptable“可接受的”；B選項(xiàng)applicable“可適用的，合適的”；C選項(xiàng)advisable“明智的”；D選項(xiàng)available“可獲得的”。句意：一般來說，學(xué)生可用于住房的錢應(yīng)該占全部生活費(fèi)的五分之一。availablefor意為“可用于……的”，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

Facingthedanger,theywerequitethemselves.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incaseof

B.innameof

C.inpossessionof

D.inchargeof

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。incaseof“萬一”；innameof“名義上”；inpossessionof“擁有；占有”；inchargeof“負(fù)責(zé)；主管”。句意：面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)，他們能夠照顧好自己。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Manycriticsofthecurrentwelfaresystemarguethatexistingwelfareregulationsleadtofamilyinstability.Theybelievethatthoseregulations,whichexcludemostpoorhusband-and-wifefamiliesfromAidtoFamilieswithDependentChildren(AFDC)assistancegrants,contributetotheproblemoffamilydissolution.Thus,theyconcludethatexpandingthesetoffamiliesthatcaneligiblygetsuchgrantswouldresultinamarkedstrengtheningofthelow-incomefamilystructure.

Ifallpoorfamiliescouldwelfare,wouldtheincidenceofinstabilitychangemarkedly?Theanswertothisquestiondependsonrelativeimportanceofthreetypesofpotentialwelfarerecipients.Thefirstisthe"Cheater"-thehusbandwhoisreportedtohaveabandonedhisfamily,butinfactdisappearsonlywhenthesocialworkerisintheneighborhood.Thesecondconsistsofalovinghusbandanddevotedfatherwho,sensinghisowninadequacyasafamilysupporter,leavessothathiswifeandchildrenmayenjoytherelativebenefitprovidedbypublicassistance.Thereisverylittleevidencethatthesetwotypesaresignificant

Thethirdtypeistheunhappilymarriedcouple,whoremaintogetheroutofasenseofeconomicresponsibilityfortheirchildren,becauseofthehighcostsofseparation,orbecauseoftheconsumptionbenefitsofmarriage.Thisgroupislarge.Theformation，maintenance,anddissolutionofthefamilyisinlargepanafunctionoftherelativebalancebetweenthebenefitsandcostsofmarriageasseenbytheindividualmembersofthemarriage.Sincethefamilyperformscertainfunctionssocietyregardsasvital,acomplexnetworkofsocialandlegalprocesshasevolvedtoreinforcemarriage.Muchofthevariationinmaritalstabilityacrossincomeclassescanbeexplainedbythevariationincostsofdissolutionimposedbysociety,suchasdivisionofproperty,andchildsupport.

Maritalstabilityisrelatedtothecostsofachievinganacceptableagreementonfamilyconsumptionandproductionandlotheprevailingsocialpriceofinstabilityinthemarriagesocial-economicgroup.Expectedincomeexertspressuresairfamilyinstabilitybyreducingthecostofdissolution.Totheextentthatwelfareisaformofgovernment-subsidizedAFDCpayments,itreducesthecostsofseparationandguaranteesaminimalstandardoflivingforwifeandchildren.Sowelfareopportunitiesareasignificantdeterminantoffamilyinstabilityinpoorneighborhoods,butthisisnottheresultofAFDCregulationsthatexcludemostintactfamiliesfromcoverage.Rather,welfare-relatedinstabilityoccursbecausepublicassistancelowersboththebenefitsofmarriageandthecostsofitsbreachbyprovidingasystemofgovernment-subsidizedpayments.

1.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

3.Withwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutmarriagewouldtheauthormostlikelyagree?

4.Thepassagewouldmostlikelybefoundina（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Welfarerestrictiondonotcontributetolow-incomefamilyinstability

B.Themostsignificantkindofwelfarerecipientsisnotthe"cheating”father.

C.Thedivorcerateisboundtofallwhenwelfarebenefitsarecut.

D.Governmentwelfarepaymentsleaddirectlytogrowingdivorcerate.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.confidentandoptimistic

B.scientificanddetached

C.discouragedandalarmed

D.politeandsensitive

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Marriageislargelyshapedbypowerfulbutimpersonaleconomicandsocialforces

B.Marriagehasagreatervaluetohigherincomegroups

C.Societyhasnointerestinencouragingpeopletoremainmarriedtooneanother

D.Marriagewillgraduallygivewaytootherformsofsocialorganization.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.basiceconomictext

B.bookonthehistoryofwelfare

C.religiousliteratureontheimportanceofmarriage

D.scholarlyjournaldevotedtopublicpolicyquestions

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章針對(duì)許多批評(píng)家對(duì)當(dāng)前的福利制度導(dǎo)致家庭不穩(wěn)定的指責(zé)，分析了產(chǎn)生這種情況的原因，并得出了與批評(píng)者相反的結(jié)論，所以A選項(xiàng)‘福利限制不會(huì)導(dǎo)致低收入家庭的不穩(wěn)定’正確。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文中作者科學(xué)而又客觀地(scientificanddetached)分析了造成家庭解體的諸多因素，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文中的“Maritalstabilityisrelatedtothecostsofachievinganacceptableagreementonfamilyconsumptionandproductionandtotheprevailingsocialpriceofinstabilityinthemarriagesocial-economicgroup.婚姻的穩(wěn)定性與就家庭消費(fèi)和生產(chǎn)達(dá)成可接受的共識(shí)所付出的代價(jià)有關(guān)，也與婚姻社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)團(tuán)體不穩(wěn)定的社會(huì)盛行價(jià)格有關(guān)?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“婚姻在很大程度上是由強(qiáng)大但客觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)力量所決定的”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。本文主要分析了福利制度與家庭穩(wěn)定性關(guān)系，屬于公共政策問題，所以D選項(xiàng)‘專門研究公共政策問題的學(xué)術(shù)期刊’正確。

6.單選題

Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,whichincludestheWhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorldWarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtotheidea.

ThisislandswereannexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthestate-asenjoyedbymanyAmericanIndiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclearhowmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnativethosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.Theyalsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobeaccepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostoppositionfromthestateauthorities.In1993,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAUS$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatbyacceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyowntheland.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

1.Hawaii’snativeminorityrefersto（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofJohnWaihee?

4.Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthematterofsovereignty?

5.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hawaii’sethnicgroups

B.PeopleofFilipinoorigin

C.TheKaLahuigroup

D.Peoplewith50%Hawaiianblood

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

B.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

C.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

D.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.HeisHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor.

B.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.

C.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

D.Hesuggestedthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.TheKaLahuigroup

B.TheHawaiiannatives

C.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs

D.AmericanIndiannatives

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.greaterautonomywithinthestate

B.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownland

C.morebackrentonthecrownland

D.fullindependencefromtheUS

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereigntyoveritsownaffairs.夏威夷本土少數(shù)民族要求更多處理本地事物的自主權(quán)?！焙偷诙巍癟hisislandswereannexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’snativepeoplehavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.1898年美國(guó)吞并夏威夷島后，夏威夷島的原住民情況比其他種族的情況變得更糟糕?！惫视纱送茢噙@里的本土少數(shù)民族是指夏威夷島原住民，正確答案選A。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段“Theymakeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferhigherlevelsofunemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverageHawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroupwithoutsomedegreeofautonomy.他們占該州無家可歸者的60%以上，失業(yè)率更高，他們的壽命比夏威夷人的平均壽命短5年。他們是唯一沒有一定程度自治權(quán)的美國(guó)主要土著群體?！边x項(xiàng)A、B和C描述均過于絕對(duì)，故正確答案選D。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbyrecommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-establishasovereignHawaiiannation.但是，夏威夷第一任本土出生的州長(zhǎng)約翰懷希，設(shè)立主權(quán)咨詢委員會(huì)，極大地促進(jìn)了夏威夷原住民的發(fā)展事業(yè)，以此建議夏威夷原住民自己決定是否建立一個(gè)主權(quán)獨(dú)立的夏威夷國(guó)家?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)B文章中沒有提到，故正確答案選B。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段“ThisisapositionsupportedbytheOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978torepresentthenatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement.這一工作得到夏威夷事務(wù)辦公室的支持，此機(jī)構(gòu)1978年成立是為原住民服務(wù)，現(xiàn)在成了本土主權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的溫和派”，由此可知夏威夷事務(wù)辦公室在自主權(quán)問題上態(tài)度溫和而不激進(jìn)。正確答案選C。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第四段末“MoreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,officialindependencefromtheUS.”1987年夏威夷原住民中的一個(gè)比較激進(jìn)的種族宣布脫離美國(guó)管轄，成立獨(dú)立王國(guó)。故正確答案應(yīng)該為C。

7.單選題

Bankershavebeenblamingthemselvesfortheirtroubleinpublic.Behindthescenes,theyhavebeentakingaimatsomeoneelse:theaccountingstandard-setters.Theirrules,moanthebanks,haveforcedthemtoreportenormouslosses,andit’sjustnotfair.Theserulessaytheymustvaluesomeassetsatthepriceathirdpartywouldpay,notthepricemanagersandregulatorswouldlikethemtofetch.

Unfortunately,banks’lobbyingnowseemstobeworking.Thedetailsmaybeunknowable,buttheindependenceofstandard-setters,essentialtotheproperfunctioningofcapitalmarkets,isbeingcompromised.And,unlessbankscarrytoxicassetsatpricesthatattractbuyers,revivingthebankingsystemwillbedifficult.

AfterabruisingencounterwithCongress,America’sFinancialAccountingStandardsBoard(FASB)rushedthroughrulechanges.Thesegavebanksmorefreedomtousemodelstovalueilliquidassetsandmoreflexibilityinrecognizinglossesonlong-termassetsintheirincomestatements.BobHerz,theFASB’schairman,criedoutagainstthosewho“questionourmotives”.Yetbanksharesroseandthechangesenhancewhatonelobbyinggrouppolitelycalls“theuseofjudgmentbymanagers.”

EuropeanministersinstantlydemandedthattheInternationalAccountingStandardsBoard(IASB)dolikewise.TheIASBsaysitdoesnotwanttoactwithoutoverallplanning,butthepressuretofoldwhenitcompletesitsreconstructionofruleslaterthisyearisstrong.CharlieMcGreevy,aEuropeancommissioner,warmedtheIASBthatitdid“notliveinapoliticalvacuum”but“intherealworld”andthatEuropecouldyetdevelopdifferentrules.

Itwasbanksthatwereonthewrongplanet,withaccountsthatvastlyovervaluedassets.Todaytheyarguethatmarketpricesoverstatelosses,becausetheylargelyreflectthetemporaryilliquidityofmarkets,notthelikelyextentofbaddebts.Thetruthwillnotbeknownforyears.Butbanks’sharestradebelowtheirbookvalue,suggestingthatinvestorsareskeptical.Anddeadmarketspartlyreflecttheparalysisofbankswhichwillnotsellassetsforfearofbookinglosses,yetarereluctanttobuyallthosesupposedbargains.

Togetthesystemworkingagain,lossesmustberecognizedanddealtwith.America’snewplantobuyuptoxicassetswillnotworkunlessbanksmarkassetstolevelswhichbuyersfindattractive.Successfulmarketsrequireindependentandevencombativestandard-setters.TheFASBandIASBhavebeenexactlythat,cleaninguprulesonstockoptionsandpensions,forexample,againsthostilityfromspecialinterests.Butbygivingintocriticsnowtheyareinvitingpressuretomakemoreconcessions.

31.Bankerscomplainedthattheywereforcedto________.

32.Accordingtotheauthor,therulechangesoftheFASBmayresultin________.

33.AccordingtoParagraph4,McGreevyobjectstotheIASB’sattemptto________.

34.Theauthorthinksthebankswere“onthewrongplanet”inthatthey________.

35.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsstandard-settersistheoneof________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.followunfavorableassetevaluationrules

B.collectpaymentsfromthirdparties

C.cooperatewiththepricemanagers

D.reevaluatesomeoftheirassets

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.thediminishingroleofmanagement

B.therevivalofthebankingsystem

C.thebanks’long-termassetlosses

D.theweakeningofitsindependence

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.keepawayfrompoliticalinfluences

B.evadethepressurefromtheirpeers

C.actontheirowninrule-setting

D.takegradualmeasuresinreform

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.misinterpretedmarkedpriceindicators

B.exaggeratedtherealvalueoftheirassets

C.neglectedthelikelyexistenceofbaddebts

D.deniedbookinglossesintheirsaleofassets

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.satisfaction

B.skepticism

C.objectiveness

D.sympathy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】31.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Theserulessaytheymustvaluesomeassetsatthepriceathirdpartywouldpay,notthepricemanagersandregulatorswouldlikethemtofetch.（這些規(guī)則規(guī)定，他們必須以第三方愿意支付的價(jià)格對(duì)某些資產(chǎn)進(jìn)行估價(jià)，而不是按照管理者和監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)希望他們獲得的價(jià)格。），可知銀行家的主要問題是不能按照正常方式估價(jià)，所以A選項(xiàng)“遵循不良資產(chǎn)評(píng)估規(guī)則”正確。B選項(xiàng)“從第三方收取款項(xiàng)”，C選項(xiàng)“配合價(jià)格經(jīng)理”和D選項(xiàng)“重新評(píng)估他們的某些資產(chǎn)”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

32.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句buttheindependenceofstandard-setters,essentialtotheproperfunctioningofcapitalmarkets,isbeingcompromised.（但對(duì)資本市場(chǎng)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)至關(guān)重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定者的獨(dú)立性正在受到損害。），可知D選項(xiàng)“削弱其獨(dú)立性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“削弱管理層的作用”：根據(jù)第三段最后一句Yetbanksharesroseandthechangesenhancewhatonelobbyinggrouppolitelycalls“theuseofjudgmentbymanagers.”（然而，銀行股票上漲加強(qiáng)了游說團(tuán)所敬稱的“管理者決斷權(quán)”。），可知FASB的變化加強(qiáng)了管理層權(quán)力，故錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“恢復(fù)銀行系統(tǒng)”：根據(jù)第二段最后一句unlessbankscarrytoxicassetsatpricesthatattractbuyers,revivingthebankingsystemwillbedifficult.（除非銀行以吸引買家的價(jià)格持有有毒資產(chǎn)，否則恢復(fù)銀行體系將會(huì)很困難），可知FASB變化不會(huì)恢復(fù)銀行體系，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“銀行損失長(zhǎng)期資產(chǎn)”：根據(jù)第三段第二句moreflexibilityinrecognizinglossesonlong-termassetsintheirincomestatements（也給銀行在損益表中確認(rèn)長(zhǎng)期資產(chǎn)損失時(shí)更大的靈活性），可知并沒有導(dǎo)致長(zhǎng)期資產(chǎn)損失，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

33.語義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段第二句TheIASBsaysitdoesnotwanttoactwithoutoverallplanning,butthepressuretofoldwhenitcompletesitsreconstructionofruleslaterthisyearisstrong.（IASB表示它不想沒有完整計(jì)劃就貿(mào)然行動(dòng)，但它在今年下半年完成規(guī)則修訂時(shí)必須屈服的壓力十分巨大。），可知C選項(xiàng)“自己制定規(guī)則”正確；沒有要逃避壓力，故B選項(xiàng)“規(guī)避來自同行的壓力”錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)離政治影響”：根據(jù)第四段第三句CharlieMcGreevy,aEuropeancommissioner,warmedtheIASBthatitdid“notliveinapoliticalvacuum”（歐盟委員CharlieMcGreevy稱贊IASB“不是生活在政治的真空中”。），可知這只是CharlieMcGreevy的看法，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“逐步改革措施”：文章沒有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

34.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Itwasbanksthatwereonthewrongplanet,withaccountsthatvastlyovervaluedassets.（銀行在錯(cuò)誤的星球上，他們的賬戶資產(chǎn)被大大高估了。），可知B選項(xiàng)“夸大他們資產(chǎn)的實(shí)際價(jià)值”正確。A選項(xiàng)“錯(cuò)誤解讀標(biāo)價(jià)價(jià)格指標(biāo)”，C選項(xiàng)“忽視了可能存在的壞賬”和D選項(xiàng)“否認(rèn)其出售資產(chǎn)的賬面損失”不符合題意，故錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

35.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第二段第二句buttheindependenceofstandard-setters,essentialtotheproperfunctioningofcapitalmarkets,isbeingcompromised.（但對(duì)資本市場(chǎng)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)至關(guān)重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定者的獨(dú)立性正在受到損害。），隨后對(duì)此進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步說明，所以作者認(rèn)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定者的獨(dú)立性正在受到損害，所以D選項(xiàng)“同情”正確，A選項(xiàng)“滿意”，B選項(xiàng)“懷疑”和C選項(xiàng)“客觀”不符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

AdvancesincampaignagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraqareforcingtheextremiststoabandonterritorythere,generatingconcernsthattheyarecarvingoutanewstrongholdinoil-richLibya,SecretaryofStateJohnF.KerrysaidTuesday.

“Aseverybodyhereknows,thatcountryhasresources,”Kerrysaidataconferenceof23foreignministersfromnationsthatformthecoreofacoalitionfightingtheIslamicState.“Thelastthingintheworldyou'dwantisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenue.”

Inajointstatement,bothKerryandItalianforeignministerPaoloGentiloniexpressedconcernoverthe“growinginfluence”ofIslamicStateinLibya.Theyvowedto“continuetoNationalAccordinitseffortstoestablishpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.”

KerryruledoutmilitaryinterventioninLibyabytheUnitedStatesinnearfuture.Buthesaidthatcouldchangeiftherewere“someturnofevents,likeweaponsofmassdestructionendingupinthehandsofthewrongpeople”.

Libyahasbeeninastateofchaossince2011whenMoammarGaddafiwasousted.Tworivalgovernmentssubsequentlyemerged,andcontinuingconflicthasfoiledeffortstoestablishaunitedLibyangovernment.

ThoughtheemergingthreatinLibyacommandedmuchofthediplomats'attention,thesituationinSyriaremainstroublesome.SuccessinpushingIslamicStatefightersoutofanestimated40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraqand20percentto30percentofthelandtheyheldinSyriahascreateditsownsetofurgentproblems.

Fleeingfightersoftenbooby-traphomesanddemolishbuildings,whichthenneedtobeclearedandrebuiltbeforeresidentscanreturn.Kerryurgedhisfellowforeignministerstodonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoringservicesinthoseareas.

NowthatU.N.-backedSyriapeacetalksaimedatendingthewarhavestartedinGeneva,KerrycalledonRussiatostopbombingoppositionfightersandtheSyriangovernmenttogranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.

Withtheonsetofpeacetalks,acease-fireshouldfollowshortly,hesaid.

“Weareatthetable,andweexpectacease-fire,”hesaid.“Andweexpectadherencetothecease-fire,andweexpectfullhumanitarianaccess.”

InGeneva,whereU.N.envoyStaffandeMisturaonMondaydeclaredtheofficialopeningoftalksbetweentheSyriangovernmentandopposition,bothsidessaidthatasfarastheywereconcerned,negotiationshadnotyetbegun.

Inastatement,theoppositiondelegationsaidSyrianrebelsarefacing“amassiveaccelerationofRussianandregimemilitaryaggression...includingattacksonhospitalsandcriticalinfrastructurev"nearthecitiesofAleppoandHomsoverthepasttwodays.

TheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusedtheoppositionofactinglike“amateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians”.Syria'sUnitedNationsambassador,BasharJaafari,representingSyrianPresidentBasheral-Assad,saidhissidechallengedtheparticipationoftwo“terrorist”groupsintheoppositiondelegation,accordingtothestate-runSyrianArabNewsAgency.

TheObamaadministrationiseagerforthepeacetalkstobeginandhaspressuredtheoppositiontoparticipate.Oppositionrepresentativeshavesaidtheagreed-uponrulesforthenegotiations,inaU.N.resolution,callforanendtobombardmentsandgovernmentsiegesofcivilianareas,aswellasthereleaseofprisoners.

RussianForeignMinisterSergeiLavrovtoldreporterstherethathisgovernmentconsideredmembersofJaishal-IslamandAhraral-Shamtobeparticipatingintheoppositiondelegationintheir“personalcapacity”ratherthanasofficialrepresentatives.LavrovalsosaidthatheconsidersittheresponsibilityoftheUnitedStates,asleaderofthecoalitionagainsttheIslamicStateinSyriaandIraq,topreventconflictamongthevariousparticipantsoperatingstrikeaircraftoverthosecountries.

1.BothKerryandPaoloGentiloniagreeduponthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?

3.WhatdidKerryurgehisfellowforeignministerstodo?

4.WhatdidtheSyriangovernmentdelegationaccusetheoppositionof?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ContinuingtomonitorcloselythedevelopmentsinLibya.

B.BeingreadytosupporttheGovernmentofNationalAccordinestablishingpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.

C.ImmediatemilitaryinterventioninLibya.

D.ConcernoverthegrowinginfluenceofIslamicStateinLibya.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.TheextremistsinLibyaareforcedtoabandontheirterritoryinSyriaandIraq.

B.AccordingtoKerry,thelastthingAmericawantsisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenueinLibya.

C.AunitedLibyangovernmenthasbeensuccessfullyestablished.

D.LongtimedictatorMoammarGaddafiwasoustedin2011.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TopushIslamicStatefightersoutofapproximate40percentofterritorytheycontrolledinIraq.

B.Todonatemoremoneytoastabilizationfundforrebuildingandrestoringservicesdestroyedbyfleeingfighters.

C.TodriveIslamicStatefightersoutofthelandtheyheldinSyriaandadheretotheceasefire.

D.Tostopbombingoppositionfightersandgranthumanitarianaccesstobesiegedtowns.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Performinglikeamateursandnotprofessionalpoliticians.

B.AcceleratingattacksonhospitalsandcriticalinfrastructurenearthecitiesofAleppoandHoms.

C.Participatinginbombardmentsandsiegesofcivilianareas.

D.PreventingconflictsamongvariousparticipantsoperatingstrikeaircraftoverSyria,IraqandLibya.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.BothKerryandPaoloGentiloniagreeduponthefollowingEXCEPT______.1.除了______，克里和保羅?真蒂洛尼都同意以下內(nèi)容。

A.ContinuingtomonitorcloselythedevelopmentsinLibya.A.繼續(xù)密切關(guān)注利比亞局勢(shì)的發(fā)展。

B.BeingreadytosupporttheGovernmentofNationalAccordinestablishingpeaceandsecurityfortheLibyanpeople.B.隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備支持為利比亞人民建立和平與安全的國(guó)家團(tuán)結(jié)政府。

C.ImmediatemilitaryinterventioninLibya.C.立即對(duì)利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)。

D.ConcernoverthegrowinginfluenceofIslamicStateinLibya.D.對(duì)伊斯蘭國(guó)在利比亞日益增長(zhǎng)的影響力的擔(dān)憂。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段“克里排除了美國(guó)在不久的將來對(duì)利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)的可能性。但他表示，如果事態(tài)出現(xiàn)某些轉(zhuǎn)折，比如大規(guī)模殺傷性武器最終落入錯(cuò)誤的人手中，會(huì)改變這一立場(chǎng)?！保瑥闹锌芍?，C選項(xiàng)“立即對(duì)利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)”中的Immediate不符合原文。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)密切關(guān)注利比亞局勢(shì)的發(fā)展”根據(jù)解題思路可知，克里和保羅?真蒂洛尼排除了美國(guó)在不久的將來對(duì)利比亞進(jìn)行軍事干預(yù)的可能性，但是如果事態(tài)變化會(huì)改變立場(chǎng)，這說明他們將繼續(xù)關(guān)注利比亞的局勢(shì)發(fā)展，該項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備支持為利比亞人民建立和平與安全的國(guó)家團(tuán)結(jié)政府”定位至第三段第二句“他們誓言要繼續(xù)全國(guó)團(tuán)結(jié)，為利比亞人民建立和平與安全的努力”，從中可知，B項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)伊斯蘭國(guó)在利比亞日益增長(zhǎng)的影響力的擔(dān)憂”定位至第三段第一句“在一份聯(lián)合聲明中，克里和意大利外長(zhǎng)真蒂洛尼都對(duì)伊斯蘭國(guó)在利比亞日益增長(zhǎng)的影響力表示擔(dān)憂”，從中可知，D項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?2.根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的？

A.TheextremistsinLibyaareforcedtoabandontheirterritoryinSyriaandIraq.A.利比亞的極端分子被迫放棄了他們?cè)跀⒗麃喓鸵晾说念I(lǐng)土。

B.AccordingtoKerry,thelastthingAmericawantsisafalsecaliphatewithaccesstobillionsofdollarsinoilrevenueinLibya.B.根據(jù)克里的說法，美國(guó)最不希望看到的就是一個(gè)虛假的哈里發(fā)國(guó)，可以從利比亞獲得數(shù)十億美元的石油收入。

C.AunitedLibyangovernmenthasbeensuccessfullyestablished.C.一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的利比亞政府已經(jīng)成功建立。

D.LongtimedictatorMoammarGaddafiwasoustedin2011.D.長(zhǎng)期獨(dú)裁者卡扎菲于2011年被推翻。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容“自2011年卡扎菲被推翻以來，利比亞一直處于混亂狀態(tài)。隨后出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)對(duì)立的政府，持續(xù)的沖突阻礙了建立一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的利比亞政府的努力?！保瑥闹锌芍?，C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的利比亞政府已經(jīng)成功建立”與原文不符，所以本題選C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“利比亞的極端分子被迫放棄了他們?cè)跀⒗麃喓鸵晾说念I(lǐng)土”根據(jù)第一段“……打擊敘利亞和伊拉克伊斯蘭國(guó)的行動(dòng)取得進(jìn)展，正迫使極端分子放棄那里的領(lǐng)土……”可知，A項(xiàng)符合原文，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)“根據(jù)克里的說法，美國(guó)最不希望看到的就是一個(gè)虛假的哈里發(fā)國(guó)，可以從利比亞獲得數(shù)十億美元的石油收入”根據(jù)第二段第二句“在