沖刺最后一天語(yǔ)法寫作翻譯

一 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)usedto（would）/beused mymotherusedtowat estudywhenIwasachildIsawathiefstealacaryesterdayevening.betobegoingbeto表示客觀安排或受人指示而做thetrainistodepartatbegoingto表示的打算或計(jì)劃1）Itisthe secondtime that…結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.Myenglishteachertoldusthathewouldhelpus….2）Thisis+形容 ThisisthemostinterestingmoviethatIhavehardly/barely/scarcely…when、nosooner…than、on ng,themoment,theinstant/theminute/thesecond/immedia 剛……就……。HardlyhadIarrivedhomewhenitbegantorainIhadhardlyarrivedhomewhenitbegantoOn/upongettingoffthebus,thethiefwascaughtbytheHeburstintotearsthemomenthismothercriticizedhim.Thebooksells 這本書銷路好Thisknifecuts 這刀子很好用在need,require,want,worth,deserve后的動(dòng)名詞Thedoorneedsrepairing.ThedoorneedstoberepairedThedoordoesn’tneedtobeYourhairwantscutting.你的頭發(fā)該理了。Thefloorrequireswashing.地板需要沖洗。Hisheroicdeedsdeservepraising of/bytimeIgraduatefromcollege,Iwillhavelearnedenglishfor10 ofthisyear,Iwillhavebeenlearningenglishfor10Atthetime/atthemomentyesterday,Iwasseeingamovie.Atthemomenttomorrow,Iwillbeseeingamoive.Itis/hasbeen+time+sincesbdidInthepast5years/recently/inrecentThisproblemissupposedtohavebeendiscussedatthemeetingyesterday.IamsorrytohavetakenupsomuchofyourtimeIthinkyouareIthinkyoudidagoodIthinkyouhavedoneagoodjobIthinkyouwillfinishitontime二、情態(tài)動(dòng)成語(yǔ)：may/mightaswell，后面接不帶to的不定式，意為"不妨"。例如Youmay/mightaswellstayathomewatchinIfthatisthecase,wemayaswelltry.如果情況確實(shí)如此，不妨試一試1）may（might）havedonesth,can（could）havedonesth表示過(guò)去，推測(cè)過(guò)去Icouldn’tfindmyYoumusthavelostitin…,Isawitonthereceptiondeskjustnow.Youmighthavelostitintherestaurant.musthave+donesth，對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，具有"肯定諒必"的意Thegroundiswet,itmusthaveItcan’thaverainedlastnight.Ifithadrained,thegroundwouldbewet---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstill已經(jīng)去上班了，但單車還在這兒---Shemusthavegonebybus.肯定乘巴士去的oughttohavedonesthshouldhavedonesth表示本應(yīng)該做某事，而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。Yououghtto（should）havebeenmorecarefulinthis你當(dāng)時(shí)在做試驗(yàn)時(shí)應(yīng)該更Ishouldn’thavetoldhimthebadIfhehadtriedhisbest,hewouldn’thavefailedintheexamHecan’thaveworkedhard,otherwisehecouldn’thavefailed.needn'thavedonesth表示本沒(méi)必要做某事，但做了。例如Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butIneedn'thavedoneso.Theweatherwashot.Don’tneedtodosth-howcanIgettoyourcolllege?MayItakea_youdon’tneedtotakea問(wèn)肯定回否定回NeedYes,INo,IMustNo,Idon'thave1）實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：need（需要,要求）need+n./todo don’tneedNeedyougoyet?你要走了嗎？Yes,Imust./No,Ineedn't.是的，我要走了/不，不急著走三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) Beusedto ngsthObjecttongsthLookforwardtongsthCan’thelp ngsthDevoteto Dedicateto SuggestsbtodosthSuggest ngSuggestthatsb(should)dosthForbid/allowsbtodong嗎WouldyoumindmydelayingmakingaThesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.這松鼠幸運(yùn)得很，剛逃避了被逮住Whoeverbreaksthelawcan’t beingpunished常用結(jié)構(gòu)為todoonlytodo（僅僅為了,結(jié)果卻）,Herushedtothebusstop,onlytomissthelastbusItturnedouttobecloudydayThepianistwhohadbeenspokenhighlyofturnedouttobeagreatinordernottodo, soasnottodo, so（such）…asto…（如此…以便…）theteacherspokealoudsoasto/inordertomakehimselfheardbythestudentsinthebackrows.TheteachermadethestudentsdoHeworkedhardsoasnottolethisparentsWouldrather……than…..Iwouldratherstayathomewatchinthangotomoviewithyou.IwouldratheritrainedItrainedIthadrainedyesterdayIf itwouldrainItrainedIthadrainedhelp后可to，也to,helpsb（to）dobutexcept后。butdo時(shí)，后面出現(xiàn)的不定式to。比較：Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.他只想出去玩。Hewantstobelieveanythingbuttotakethemedicine.除了吃這藥，他什么Besides/except/exceptAlltheasiancountriesotherthan/exceptjapanattendedthismeetingBesidesteaching,collegeprofessorwilldosomeresearchworkHiscompositioniswelldoneexceptforsomeminorspelling在不定式標(biāo)志to前加上not。例如lhimnottoshutthewindow。讓他別關(guān)窗fetng/tofetto 忘記要去做某事，fet 忘記做過(guò)某事Nicetomeetyou/nicemeetingIrememberseeingyousomewhereelse例如Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Hefottoturnitoff.的燈還在亮著他忘記關(guān)了（沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作rememberng/toremembertodo記得去做某事 記得做過(guò)某Don'tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?你不記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)那個(gè)人嗎?Irememberseeingyousomewhereelsebefore.IfothisvisitingNanjinglastIstillrememberthe’sseeingushimselflastbeafraidto 擔(dān)心出 ng的狀況、結(jié)果 ng/toHiswordsmeandisagreeingwithus.meantodo Ididn’tmeantohurtIdidn’twanttohurtyouintentionally/onpurpose/delibera Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.去，但是我父親不肯讓我去。Toraisewagemeansincreasingpurchasingpower.增加工資意味著增加力。Revolutionmeansliberatingproductiveforce bymeans感官動(dòng)詞+ng/感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示動(dòng)作的完整性,性的動(dòng)作，+ ng表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行性。例如：MymotherusedtowatestudywhenIwasIsawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看見(jiàn)他在花園里（強(qiáng)調(diào)"我看見(jiàn)了"IsawhimworkinginthegardenwhenIpassedbyhishouseyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)"我見(jiàn)他正干Allthepassengers_were outof/hadcometheexitwhenwearrivedatthe Given/considering/providedthatmoreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.多給些Consideringallthefactors,weshouldhaveabettercandidate.Withallthefactorsconsidered,weshould….Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。UsingthebookIfindituseful.在使用的過(guò)程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,wecanseethewholeviewofthistownSeenfromthesky,thepeopleonthegroundarelikeants.通常，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，過(guò)去分詞表示。例如Heisthemangivingyouthe （=whogaveyou…）他就是給你錢的那個(gè)人Heisthemanstoppedbythecar.\（whowasstoppedby…）他就是那個(gè)被車攔住的人。HeisthemanstopthecarThemanparkingthecarismyThecarparkedinthefirelaneisnotmine.AsurprisingnewsAsurprisedAfrightenedAfrighteningThecar(parkedinthefirelane)isnotTheinformationwidelyusedbythestudentsshouldbediscussedonthemeetingtobeheldtomorrowmorning.DeveloptheabilitytostudyHecalledoff/canceledtheplantotakeatriptoshanghai.Hesatinachair,thinkingalotabouthischildhood.Thebosswalkedintotheoffice,followedbyhisThebosswalkedintotheoffice,withhissecretaryfollowingAheavytrafficaccidenthappenedyesterday,leaving/causing5peopledeadand12othersseriouslyinjured.四、獨(dú)立主獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)：1）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不同，它獨(dú)立存在2）名詞或代詞與后的，形容詞，副詞，3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句分開(kāi)主代詞或冠詞，也不用復(fù)數(shù)。但with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不受此限制。例如：Arobberburstintotheroom,knifeinAllthestafffiledoutoftheofficebuilding,eachholdingafileunderhisarm.Thestuden teredtheclassroom,theirearsredwithcold.Workfinished,wewenthome.Gameover,wewentTherebeingnobus,wewenthomeonTherehavingbeennorainforalongtime,thecrops ,we'llgooutfora B C DforThemurdererwasbroughtinwithhis behindhisbackA.being B.having C.tobe D.當(dāng)表示部位的詞做邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，及物動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在分詞，不及物動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去分詞。例如Helaythere,histeethset,hishandclenched,hiseyeslookingstraight他躺在那兒，牙，雙手握拳，兩眼直勾勾上面Thetestfinished,webeganourThisdone,wewenthome.工作完成后，才回家。=thiswasdone,andwewentWouldyoumindmy/meclosingthewindow?Myclosingthewindowirritatedhim.Weareveryhappyatthe’svisitingushimself.the’svisitingushimselfmadeushappy.Thechildrenobjectingtotheirparents’remarryinghas easocialproblem.TherearemanypeoplewholikekeepetsThemangivingmemoneyismy\teacherThemanwhoisgiving…Punctualas/thoughtheprofessoris,heisusedtohisstudents’beinglateforhisclass.It/thereisnopoint/use/good+(in)ngsthItisuseless(in)ngSbhasdifficulty/trouble/agoodtime/abadtime/fun+(in) ngsthWehadahardtimetaking8hours’Englishclass.五、虛擬語(yǔ)條件從主一般過(guò)去時(shí)（beshould（would）等+動(dòng)詞例如：Ifhewerehere,theywouldhelpyou.如果他們?cè)谶@兒，會(huì)幫助你的。含義：Theyarenothere,theycan’thelpyou.b.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假條件從主過(guò)去完成should（would）等have+例如：hadhecomeyesterday,Ishouldwouldhavetoldhimaboutit.如果他昨天來(lái)的話，Butfor/withoutyourIwouldhavetoldhimaboutithadhecomeyesterday.Icouldhavedoneunderamorefavorablecondition.Icouldhavedonebetterinthepresenceofthe含義：Hedidnotcomeyesterday,soIdid lhimaboutc.表示對(duì)將來(lái)不大可能條件從主一般過(guò)去should/would+wereittorain=ifitweretoraintomorrowShoulditraintomorrow,were+不定should+動(dòng)詞例如：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbe如果你將來(lái)成功了，一切都會(huì)好Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbe.Wereittoraintomorrow,Ifitweretoraintomorrow,Shoulditraintomorrow,Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Ifitrainedtomorrow,IfIwereHetalks/talkedendlesslyasifhekneweverything.IfIwereyou,Hetalks/talkedalotaboutAmericaasifhehadbeentoIfIhadbeeninchargeoftheproject,Iwouldhavemadebetteruseofthefund混合條件有時(shí)，主句與從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在不同的時(shí)間，主句從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式因時(shí)間不同而不同，這種條件句叫做混合條件句。例如：Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodoIfIwereinchargeIfIshouldbeinchargeIfIweretobeinchargeofthisproject,Iwouldmakebetteruseofthefundavailable.IfIaminchargeofthisproject,Iwillmakebetteruseofthefundavailable.虛擬條件句的倒虛擬條件句的從句部分含有were,should或had時(shí),可省略ifwere,should或had移Weretheyherenow,Shoulditrain,1）語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用（should）+Itisdemandednecessaryapitythat…等結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)從ordersuggestproposerequire,demandrequestinsistcommandinsist，suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice，mend命令、建議、要求等詞有關(guān)的名Itissuggestedthatameetingbeputoff.（主語(yǔ)從句）Isuggestedthatthemeetingbeputoff.Iputforwardasuggestionthatthemeetingbeputoff.Mysuggestionisthatthemeetingbeputoff.有人建議推遲會(huì)議Itis（high/about）timeItis（high）timethat后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去式,Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.孩子們?cè)撍疘tishightimethatthechildrenshouldgoto1)should/could/might/would/need+have+過(guò)去分表示“本應(yīng)該能夠/可能/愿意/（做的事）但實(shí)際上卻沒(méi)做”。Youshouldhavecometothemeeting你本應(yīng)該早到會(huì)場(chǎng)（實(shí)際上來(lái)的不早Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyouweretoo你本能夠做的更好的，但是你太粗心（實(shí)際上沒(méi)能做的更好+++表示“本不應(yīng)該/能夠/可能/愿意/必要……（做的事）但實(shí)際上卻做了”Youshouldn’thavetoldherthetruth.你本不應(yīng)該告訴她的。（實(shí)際上已經(jīng)告訴她了2）didn'tneedtodo表示過(guò)去不必做某事,needn'thavedone表示過(guò)去不必做某事,但事實(shí)上做了。JohnwenttothestationwiththecartomeetMary,soshedidn'tneedtowalkback開(kāi)車去車站接，所以她不必步行回家了wouldwouldraterwouldrater從句的時(shí)態(tài)規(guī)則并不復(fù)雜。Iwouldratheryouhadknownthenewsyesterday.我寧可你昨天就知道這個(gè)消息了。Iwouldratheryoucametomorow.我寧可你明天來(lái)。IwouldratherIwereyou.我寧主從從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)（be的過(guò)現(xiàn)在過(guò)去從句動(dòng)作與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)生（had+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去過(guò)去完成將來(lái)不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的將來(lái)would/could+動(dòng)例如：IwishIwereastallas 我希望和你一樣高Hewishedhehadn'tsaidthat.他希望他沒(méi)講過(guò)那樣的話Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.我希望明天下雨就8ifonlyonlyonlyif表示"只有"；ifonly則表示"如果……就好了"。Ifonly也可用于陳述語(yǔ)氣。例Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有鬧鐘響了，我才會(huì)Ifonlythealarmclockhad 當(dāng)時(shí)鬧鐘響就好了Ifonlyhecomes 但愿他早點(diǎn),,,,BeautifulnewBlackBritishleather六、形容詞副多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順 （好美小高狀其新，彩色國(guó)料特別親beautifulnewblackChinese,leather,,多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~數(shù)詞描繪詞（大小，長(zhǎng)短，形狀，新舊，顏色）出處材料性質(zhì)類別名詞。例如：asmallroundtable/atallgraybuilding/adirtyoldbrownshirt/afamousGermanmedicalschool/anexpensiveJapanesesportscarclosecloselyclose意思是"近"；closely意思是"仔細(xì)地"Takeacloselookat=lookatsthLate,later,latest,latter,la InhislateyearsLateron,One….theother…Not….butalsoNotdigdeepdeeplymovedbyhisdeeds,weburstintojumphighspeakhighlyofwideOpenhismouthItiswidelybelievedfreeIgotfreeadmissiontothismovieTalkfreelyMostpeople=mostofthepeopleHespentmostofhistimeonstudyHespenthistimemostlyonMostofthefootballplayersaremalesFootballplayersaremostlymales要避免重復(fù)使用HeisclevererthanhisHeissuperiortoanyotherstudentinhis要避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)ChinaislargerthananycountryinHeisclevererthananygirlinhis要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型，遵循前后一致的原ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofmoreItisgettingbetterandHeworksharderandhardersincetheexamiscoming.Internetis ingmoreandmore/increasinglypopular.themore…the 越……就越……。例如Theharderyouwork，thegreaterprogressyou'llmake.越努力，進(jìn)步越大Thehighertherocketflies,thelessairitThemoreheavilyonesmokes,themorelikelyheistogetlungcancer.Thefasteronedrives,themorelikelyheistocomeacrosstrafficaccident.moreBthessAthan 與其說(shuō)A不如說(shuō)B。例如HeismorelazythanslowathisworkHeislessslowthanlazyathiswork.他工作時(shí)，HeismoreadoctorthanaHewasmoreexcitedthanhappywhenhegotthegoodnews.Notsomuch….as….Successdependsnotsomuchonagoodluckasondiligence.Heisnotsomuchateacherasadoctornomore…than…與……一樣……，不比……多。例如TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor.們看到的和一樣多noless 與……一樣……。例如Heisnolessdiligentthanyou.他和你一樣勤勉more Sheismorethan/very/extremely/exceedinglykindtousall.她對(duì)非常熱心TwiceasHeearnsthreetimesasmuchasIHecanrecitefivetimesasmanyEnglishnewwordsanmonthasIcan.Theearthis49timesaslargeasthemoonTheearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.Chinais5timesthepopulationofAmerica七、從句和連Wordgotaround_that_moremiddleschool……IhavenoideathathehasfinishedthisIcouldn’tunderstandtheidea(/)hetriedtoconveytousinhislatest1.定語(yǔ)還是狀那個(gè)關(guān)系Putthemedicine_where_youtookIwasborninBeijing,_where_Istayedfor20yearsThisisthefactory Iworked20yearsagoThisisthefactorythat/which//_Ivisited20yearsago.Thisisthefactory_where_Ivisitedsomemodernmachines20yearsagoThisfactoryistheone_Ivisited20yearsagoIstillrememberthedays_that/which//_IspentwithmygrandpainthecountrysideIstillrememberthedays_when_Ispentmychildhoodinthecountryside.關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)1）關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例Thereareoccasionswhen（onwhich）onemust 任何人都有不得不屈服Beijingistheplacewhere（inwhich）Iwas 是出生地Isthisthereasonwhy（forwhich）herefusedouroffer?這就是他幫助他的理判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副方法一關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓thisistheclassroomwherewehaveEnglishclasseverythisistheclassroomthat/which//wevisitedlastthisclassroomiswherewehaveEnglishclasseverypleaseputthebookbackwhereyoutookIstillrememberthedaysthat/which//IspentwithmygrandpainthecountryIstillrememberthedayswhen/inwhichIspentmychildhoodinthecountrysidewithmygrandpa.ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.這是我去年呆過(guò)的山村I'llneverfetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.我不會(huì)忘記與你共事的日判斷改錯(cuò)（錯(cuò)）ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlast（錯(cuò)）IwillneverfetthedayswhenIspentinthe（對(duì)）Thisisthemountainvillage（which）Ivisitedlast（對(duì)）I'llneverfetthedays（which）Ispentinthe方法二：（主、謂、賓、定、狀例1.thismuseumIsthe youvisitedafewdaysA. B. C.on D.the例2.thisIsthe theexhibitionwasA. B. C.on D.the答案1D2例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hismuseum youvisitedafewdays例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hisisthe theexhibitionwasaswhich非限定性定語(yǔ)從as,which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，aswhich可代整個(gè)主句，相andthis或andthatas可以放在句首常翻譯為“正如/正象”which引導(dǎo)的從句不可以在句首，常翻譯為“這，這一點(diǎn)”。例如：Smoking,asweknow,isharmfultoone'sSmokingisharmfultoone’shealth,whichisknowntoThesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportantto使地球暖起來(lái)，這對(duì)人類很重要先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合Whoever=anyoneWhoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.（Whoever可以用who代替Whoevercomestoourstoreinthemorningwillbegivenalittlegift.ThosewhodriveafterdrinkingalotshouldbepunishedWhoeverwantstosucceedshouldputallhisheartandsoulintowhatheIwilltrytoworkoutthisproblem,_however_difficultitIwilltrytoworkoutthisproblem, difficultyImaycomeWhateveryoudo,IwillbewithyouWhereveryougo,Iwillfollowyou.Hewon’tdoanythingwithouthisson.Howeverhardhetried,hefailedtoworkoutthisproblem/hetriedinvaintoworkoutthisproblem.HoweverstrictheiswithhisTheparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.（what可以allthat代替that的情況inthata）引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。例如（錯(cuò)）Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.b）介詞后不能用。例如：Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.依賴土地獲得食物IwanttomakeafriendwithwhomIstudy..ThepenwithwhichIwroetterstomyfatherisHeisoneofthestudentsofwhomtheteachersareproudinmyWedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfood只能用thata）therebethat，不whichb）anythingnothingtheone,all,much,fewanylittle等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。Heisthevery thatIamlookingfor.先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞時(shí)，只 that。ThisisthemostinterestingmoviethatIhaveseenThisisthethirdtimethatIhaveseenthismovie.all/Allthat/whatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油問(wèn)題 ThatisallthatIwanttosharewithyouThatisallIwanttosharewithyouThatiswhatIwanttosharewithyouFinally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothe那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了八、主謂一1）Thereis n,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk.2）Eitheryouorsheistogo.Notonly…but謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)一當(dāng)主語(yǔ)withtogetherwithlike,except,butnolessthanaswellas等詞組成的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.教師和一些學(xué)生在參觀工HeaswellasIwantstogoboating.他和去劃船表示金錢，時(shí)間，價(jià)格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常把這些名詞看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。例如：Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.用三個(gè)星期來(lái)做準(zhǔn)備Tendollarsisenough.十元夠了集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的意family,audiencecrewcrowd,class,company,committee等詞后。Myfamily_are_footballfansMyfamilyisanextendedonemanyamorethanone所修飾的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用單數(shù)morethan…of作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致。例如： rsonhasreadthenovel.Morethan60percentofthestudentsarefromthecity.Morethanone hasreadthisnovel集合名詞people,,cattle,poultry等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形九、倒裝和強(qiáng)倒裝句之全部倒here,there,now,then,thus等副詞置于句首,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常be,come,go,lie,run等表示來(lái)去Thencamethechairman.那時(shí)來(lái)了Hereisyourletter.你的信HerecomestheInfrontofmyhousestandsabigtreewhosebranchesarebareInthetreestandsalittlebirdAmongthetreesstandsatallThecompetitionfromthemoreexperiencedstaff,someofwhomareinhigherranks, tomydisadvantageWorkworkingtoworkhasworked部分倒裝是指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。如果句子的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞o,os或，并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。notuntil，innocase,undernocircumstanceNeverarethereanyplacesintheworldwherepeoplehavenoaccesstoInnocasewillchina usenuclearweapons.BynomeansisheanhonestmanHeisbynomeansanhonestWedidn’tarriveatthedestinationuntilitgotItwasnotuntilitgotdarkthatwearrivedatthedestination.NotuntilitgotdarkdidwearriveatthedestinationNotonly…butalsoHardly/Scarcely…when,Nosoonerthan等，要倒裝so,neither,nor作部分倒用這些詞表示"也"、"也不 的句子要部分倒裝。例如TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.會(huì)語(yǔ)，也會(huì)Ifyouwon'tgo,neither/norwillI.你不去，我也不去。Heworksveryhard,sohedoes,sodoesTomHeisagoodstudent,soisHeisagoodstudentandworksveryhard,thesameiswith1）sothatso位于句首時(shí)，需倒裝。Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他害怕得很，動(dòng)也不敢動(dòng)LighttravelssofastthatitishardforustoimagineitsspeedSofastdoeslighttravelthatitis….Sofrightenedwasshethatshecouldhardlysayaword.Moneydoesn’tnecessarilygowithhappinessHeisnotnecessarilyyoursupporterThisissocomplicatedaproblemthat..Thisissuchacomplicatedproblem強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)常用的強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)it引導(dǎo)的句子，結(jié)構(gòu)Itis（was）+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that 句子的其余部分。此結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分限于主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)Itisfromthesunthatwegetlightandheat.是從那兒獲取光和熱ItwasnotuntilIhadreadyourletterthatIunderstoodthetruestateofaffairs.知道讀了你It+be強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that（who、whom）+主謂ItwasmyfatherwhodidtheexperimentinthelabyesterdayItisbecauseofhislazinessthathefailedintheexamItishislazinessthatledtohisfailureintheexamItisonlybytakingthesemeasureswecanexpecttobuildasocialistharmonioussociety.Whatisitthatinducedhimtocommitsuicide?Itiswhatthatinduce…WhatisitthatWhatonearthinducedhimtocommitWhatmary,jackandtom_did DiddodoesDodoesdidDiddoesdoDoesdotaketake 與…take 拿走，奪去，使離去；減take 拆開(kāi)(機(jī)器等takeintoaccount把…考慮進(jìn) 把…理解takeissuewithsb.與爭(zhēng)論takedown takeoneselfoff走開(kāi)，離去takefor takesb.totask責(zé)備take 生take 輪takeupwith與….成為朋友takeouton takeoutloans借貸takeaback takeoff takeover takeback收回（說(shuō)錯(cuò)的話），使回憶起takein takeup take 占去，占據(jù)；開(kāi)始take 開(kāi)始；對(duì)…產(chǎn)生好感；形成的take 接受；包含；；承擔(dān)，從事；呈現(xiàn)，具有；開(kāi)始雇take 拿出；去掉；扣除；（通過(guò)申請(qǐng)等）取得，辦理；(on)對(duì)….gogobackon 違背（諾言等）;毀(約)gofor goinfor 從事，致力，；追求gointo研究，，進(jìn)入go 繼續(xù)；發(fā)生；接go 經(jīng)歷，詳細(xì)檢查gowith伴隨，與…..協(xié)調(diào)；與…go 沒(méi)有……也goagainst；對(duì)….不go 追求/趕;設(shè)法得goabout著手做，處理，忙goup上升，增加，建起；(物價(jià)等)go 下沉，沉沒(méi)；失??；goround/around足夠分配;(消息)流傳goover 檢查，；復(fù)習(xí)，重溫gooff gooff/with godown下降，降低；被載入，傳下去;(船等)下沉goout外出；熄滅；走出(房間等)；;，gooutofone'sway特別費(fèi)心(做事)14次的短語(yǔ)turnturnaway turnone'sbackon turnout turnon turnoff turninto進(jìn)入；使變成，使turn 轉(zhuǎn)身進(jìn)入；拐入；交出；睡turndown turnsb'sbloodcold使毛骨悚然turnagainst byturns輪流，交替take 依次，輪onthe 正在轉(zhuǎn)變turnback turnaround/round轉(zhuǎn)變，（使）轉(zhuǎn)好inturn turnup turnto turn (機(jī)器等)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；翻過(guò)來(lái)putputacross/over putupwith putto(船只順避風(fēng)等而)靠岸putthrough使穿過(guò)；使從事；接通（）putout 熄滅；關(guān)(燈)；；伸出；生產(chǎn)puton 穿上；上演；教唆；增加（體重）putoff put 花費(fèi)；正式put ，保留；把…放在一邊，暫不考putforward putdown put 把…收起；，積putsb.outofjob使失putone’sfeelingintowords用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)感putup makemadeupof makeit makebelieve假裝，假扮make 理解，推makeupto接近；；向…求makeup 補(bǔ)償，彌make 拼湊；組成；補(bǔ)償;捏造，臨時(shí)編造，虛高；化裝makeasif假裝；裝makeover makeaway(急忙)離去；逃走makeawaywith攜…而逃；摧makeoffwith攜…make ，向…前進(jìn)；沖makedown改小(衣服)make 鋪床疊makeoutof用…制造出；理解makeout makefunof嘲笑；開(kāi)…玩笑home/foreignmake makeone's 前進(jìn)；成功，發(fā)setset 使，使抵setoneselfup 以…setup開(kāi)辦；建立；設(shè)立；開(kāi)始經(jīng)商setout setoneselfagainstsetoff動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；使setforth動(dòng)身起程；闡setdown記下；登setaside挑出；不顧；取消；不理會(huì)set 使分離；使顯得突出；留出，撥出（時(shí)間、金錢等setabout adinnerset set 開(kāi)set ，唆callcallafter追在…的后面叫 喚起，引起；鼓起（勇氣，精神call 要求，需要，提callback callup call ；號(hào)召；呼call 叫走，叫開(kāi)；取call 收回(某物pullpull 把…..拉開(kāi)（或拆開(kāi)），pullup（使）停下，撥起（樹pullon穿上；繼續(xù)拉(或劃)pullinto進(jìn)入；到達(dá)pulltogether協(xié)力，團(tuán)結(jié)起pull 拆毀；降pull (成功地）完成；扯下，脫pullin（車）停下，（車）進(jìn)站，（船）到pull （讓…..）走開(kāi)，（使）離pull 把（車）駛到（或駛向）pull （使）度過(guò)（或難關(guān)），（使）恢復(fù)健pull 拔出，抽去，?。ㄜ?，船等）駛出；使擺脫困givegiveaway，giveback歸givein交上，呈上；投降，屈服，認(rèn)giveoff發(fā)出，散出（出（蒸氣、熱、光、煙、聲音、氣味等giveout分發(fā)；耗giveup停止；放drawdrawaway拉開(kāi)、離drawoff脫去手套等；排去多余的水；撤drawto向……移動(dòng)；drawwith追上drawfor抽簽；抓閹drawin天黑下來(lái)了；近了drawon用(=drawupon)drawout拉長(zhǎng)；伸長(zhǎng)drawup草擬；bring搭bringabout造成、帶來(lái)bringsb．backto使恢復(fù)到……bringin生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)出；引進(jìn)風(fēng)尚等bringoff使成功；完成……bringout使呈現(xiàn)出……；說(shuō)出……bringthrough救活，使……渡過(guò)難關(guān)bringto使……恢復(fù)知覺(jué)look搭lookafter照看,照料lookforlookaround四下環(huán)顧;到處尋找lookdownon看不起。lookforwardto盼望。lookinto朝……里面看lookon...as把看作lookout當(dāng)心。lookover仔細(xì)檢查;翻閱lookthrough瀏覽;仔細(xì)檢查;看穿lookup抬頭看;查;lie1.lieliedliedlielaylain躺著laylaylaidlaid產(chǎn)卵，下蛋；放，breakbreakin闖入，打breakinon打擾、打breakoff折斷；突然停止；斷breakout、火災(zāi)等突然發(fā)breakup打碎，破碎；；學(xué)校期末分寫作利弊2.辯論3.原因 4.提出建議Thepast30yearswitnessedarapideconomic/scientificdevelopmentandgreatsocialtransformation,thewidely-usedinternetisagoodcaseinpoint.Intoday’sinformationage,oneoftheurgentproblemsourteachersandparentsarefacedwithisthatmoreandmorestudentsareobsessedwithonlinegames.Nowadays,thereisanincreasinglycommonphenomenonthatstudentsingrowingnumber,thecollegestudentsinparticular,tendtodosomeoddjobsintheirspare第一段結(jié)利弊likeanythingelseintheworld,takingpart-timejobshasitsfavorableandunfavorableaspects.辯論：theattitudestowardstakingpart-timejobsvary peoplestandontotallydifferentgroundsasto part-time段落展開(kāi)舉例（利弊利：Thereisnodenyingthefactthattakingpart-timejobsexertsanumberofpositiveinfluencesonourstudyanddailylife.Tobeginwith,bytakingpart-timejobs,collegestudentscanearnsomepocketmoneywhichhelpstorelievetheirparents’financialburden.Moreimportantly,takingpart-timejobsprovidesusangoodopportunitytoaccumulateworkingexperiences,therebylayingasolidfoundationforourfuturejobs.Mostimportantofall,itistakingpart-timejobsthatmakesitpossibleforustodealwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundssothatwecanadaptourselveseasilytotheteamworkinourfutureAdmittedly,takingpart-timejobsisofgreatbenefittous,weshouldturnablindeyetoitsdrawbacks.Tostartwith,….Tomakematterworse,…….worstofall,…….結(jié)尾Takingpart-timejobs,asfarasIamconcerned,notonlywastesourtime,butalsodiscouragessomestudentsfromstudying,butaslongaswekeepabalancebetweentakingpart-timejobsandstudying,wewillbeboundtoreapalotofbenefitsfromit.原Thereareanumberofreasonsaccountingforthisphenomenon/problem,amongwhichthefollowingonesrankthe.Intheplace,……inthesecondplace equallyimportantfactorcontributingtothisproblemis建AsfarasIamconcerned,thereareaseriesofapproachesthroughwhichwecanexpecttosettle/tacklethisproblem.Whatdeservesourattentionforthisproblemis whatalsocountsmuchtoproblemisthat……itisonlybytakingthesemeasuresthatwecanexpecttoprotectourenvironmentfrombeingfurtherdamaged.AorB類Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation.Oneistotakeajobinacompanyandtheothertogotoagraduateschool.Youaretomakeachoicebetweenthetwo.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourchoice.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.AorWhenaskedtomakeachoicebetweentakingajobinacompanyandgoingtoagraduateaftergraduation,mostofthecollegestudentswouldrathertakeajobinacompany.ButIthinkquitedifferently,Iwouldpreferthelatterinthatitwillhelprealizemypotential.LivingoncampusoroffWhenaskedtomakeachoicebetweenlivingoncampusindormitorywithclassmatesandlivingoffcampus,moststudentsprefertolivingoffcampusforthisreasonorthat,butIthinkquitedifferently,IwouldratherliveoncampusinthatitisofgreatbenefittoourstudyanddailyWriting

專轉(zhuǎn)本作文沖刺范報(bào)名條件及VolunteersAvoluntaryactivityinthesummervacationwillbeanizedbytheUniversityStudentsUnion.TheStudentUnionwillopenfreeEnglishclassesfortheyoungstersinS.O.SChildren’sVillage.Theclasseswilllastforaweek.Currently,wewillrecruit5volunteerstoworkasEnglishteachers.ThevolunteersarerequestedtospeakfluentEnglish.ThosewithEnglishteachingexperiencearepreferable.BesidestheEnglishskills,weexpectthevolunteerstobepatient,withalovingheart.TheChildren’sVillagewillprovidethevolunteerswiththreemealsadayandtransportationfromandtotheuniversityduringtheclassdays.Thosewhoareinterestedintakingpartintheactivity,pleasesendyourresumetotheaddressstudentunion@beforeJune30th.TheofficeoftheStudentUnionwillcontactthechosencandidatesforaninterviewbeforeJuly10th.WritingCreateaConservation-OrientedNowadays,conservation-orientedsocietyhas eahouseholdtermtoallofus.itisourernment’sstrategytomaintainthesustainabledevelopmentofsociety.Thus,thebuildingofconservation-orientedcampus,whichisapartofthisplan,hasagreatThecreationofconservation-orientedcampuscannotonlybenefitthedevelopmentofstudentsbutalsotheimprovementofschools.Ontheonehand,studentscanformthegoodhabitofthriftinesswhichcanhaveagoodinfluenceontheirfuturelife.Ontheotherhand,schoolscanusethesavingstointroducemoreadvancedfacilitiesorrecruitmoretalentswhichcanhelpimprovethequalityofteaching.Thenhowcanwebuildtheconservation-orientedcampus?Hereareseveralmeasureswecantake.,wecananizesomeprogramstoletstudentsbeawareofthenecessityandmeaningofthisproposal.Second,wecandosomesmallthingsinourdailylife,suchasturningoffthelightsinclassroomwhenitisunnecessary,takingcareoftheteachingfacilities,whichallcontributetotheconstructionofconservationofconservation-orientedcampus.WhatareCollegeStudentsngontheWritingNowadayssurfingtheInternethas everypopularoncampus.IamimpressedmostthatmanycollegestudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayinggamesandchattingontheInternet.Asiswellknown,chattingandplayingandcandomuchharmtousifwespendtoomuchtimeonthevirtualworld.ly,itisanenormouswasteoftimeandwewillhavelittletimeforourstudy.Secondly,thosewhoplaygamesorchatdayandnightwillbeharmedphysicallyforlackofrestandsleep.Thirdly,oursocialtieswillsufferasaresultoftheimmersioninthevirtualworld.Thelastbutnottheleast,itwillcostusmuoney.Inmyopinion,weshoulddealwiththeInternetcarefully.Ontheonehand,wecangetsomepleasureandknowledgefromtheInternet.Ontheotherhand,weshouldn’tspendtoomuchtime,energyandmoneyontheInternetbecausestudyisourpriority.Inconclusion,weshouldmakegoodandproperuseoftheInternet.WritingThePopularityofMicro-Inrecentyears,Micro-bloghasbeenmoreandmorepopular.Precisely,Micro-bloghasepartofpeople