考研考博-英語-寧波大學考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-寧波大學考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Youmanyhaveeverenteredabookstorejusttotake()fromasuddenshower,butyoufoundtimespenttherewasveryenjoyable.

問題1選項

A.shield

B.shelter

C.avoidance

D.protection

【答案】B

【解析】takeshelterfrom為固定搭配，意為躲避。句意：許多人進入書店只是為了躲避驟雨，但你們會發(fā)現(xiàn)在那里度過的時光是非常愉快的。

2.單選題

Educationinmostofthedevelopingworldisshocking.HalfofchildreninSouthAsiaandathirdofthoseinAfricawhocompletefouryearsofschoolingcannotreadproperly.Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.

Thefailureofstateeducation,combinedwiththeshiftinemergingeconomiesfromfarmingtojobsthatneedatleastamodicumofeducation,hascausedaprivate-schoolboom.AccordingtotheWorldBank,acrossthedevelopingworldafifthofprimary-schoolchildrenareenrolledinprivateschools,twiceasmanyas20yearsago.Somanyprivateschoolsareunregisteredthattherealfigureislikelytobemuchhigher.

Byandlarge,politiciansandeducationalistsareunenthusiastic.Governmentsseeeducationasthestate'sjob.NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.TheU.N.Specialrapporteuroneducation.KishoreSingh,hassaidthat“for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation”.

Thisattitudeharmsthosewhomeducationalistsclaimtoserve:children.Theboominprivateeducationisexcellentnewsforthemandtheircountries,forthreereasons.

First,itisbringinginmoney—notjustfromparents,butalsofrominvestors,someinsearchofaprofit.Mostprivateschoolsinthedevelopingworldaresingleoperatorsthatchargeafewdollarsamonth,butchainsarenowemerging.

Second,privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.Measuringthisishard,sincethechildrenwhogotoprivateschoolstendtobebetteroff,andthereforelikelytoperformbetter.Butarigorousfour-yearstudyof6,000pupilsinAndhraPradesh,insouthernIndia,suggestedthatprivatepupilsperformedbetterinEnglishandHindithanpublic-schoolpupils,andtheprivateschoolsachievedtheseresultsatathirdofthecostofthepublicschools.

Lastly,privateschoolsareinnovative.Sincetechnologyhasgreat(thoughasyetmostlyunrealized)potentialineducation,thiscouldbeimportant.Bridgegivesteacherstabletslinkedtoacentralsystemthatprovidesteachingmaterialsandmonitorstheirwork.Suchrobo-teachingmaynotbeideal,butitisbetterthanlessonswithouteithermaterialormonitoring.

Theprivatesectorhasproblems.Butthealternativeisoftenapublicschoolthatisworse—ornoschoolatall.Thegrowthofprivateschoolsisamanifestationofthehealthiestofinstincts:parents’desiretodothebestfortheirchildren.Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.Ideally,theywouldsubsidizeprivateschools,preferablythroughavoucherwhichparentscouldspendattheschoolsoftheirchoiceandtopup;theywouldregulateschoolstoensurequality;theywouldrunpublicexamstohelpparentsmakeinformedchoice.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,thestategovernmentsindevelopingcountriesfailto（

）.

2.TheauthormentionsKishoreSinghinordertoshow

（

）.

3.Privateschoolssurpassthepubliconesinthat

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprivateeducation?

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.providepropereducationforalltheschoolagechildren

B.fulfilltheirpromisesbyestablishingenoughpublicschools

C.improveeducationqualityoftheexistingpublicschools

D.speedupthesocialshiftfromfarmingtomanufacturing

問題2選項

A.howstategovernmentsdislikeprivateeducation

B.whyNGOsaresomuchopposedtoprivatesectors

C.howweshouldsafeguardthenobilityofeducation

D.whatthesocialmainstreamthinksoftheprivateschool

問題3選項

A.theycanobtainmoremoneyfromparents

B.theyhaveachievedbetterteachingquality

C.theycanmakebetteruseofmoneyandinnovate

D.theycanusetabletstoassistteaching

問題4選項

A.Itmeetstheneedofsocialdevelopment.

B.Itshouldbesuspendedandreorganized.

C.Itshouldnotberunpurelyafterhighprofits.

D.Itisencouragedtoreplacepubliceducation.

問題5選項

A.WhyArePrivateSchoolsBoomingSoFast?

B.ShouldPrivateEducationBeHelpedorCurbed?

C.HowShouldtheGovernmentImproveEducation?

D.WhatShouldtheStateDowithPublicSchools?

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“Mostgovernmentshavepromisedtoprovideuniversalprimaryeducationandtopromotesecondaryeducation.Butevenwhenpublicschoolsexist,theyoftenfail.大多數(shù)政府承諾提供普遍的初等教育以及促進中等教育的發(fā)展。但即使公立學校存在，它們通常還是失敗了?！痹俑鶕?jù)第一段前面的內(nèi)容可推斷，發(fā)展中國家的政府沒有履行他們的承諾，沒有建立足夠的公立學校。選項B符合原文；選項A和選項C在文中沒有提及；選項D是私立學校繁榮的原因之一，不符合題意。所以只有選項B正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)關鍵詞“KishoreSingh”定位第三段“KishoreSingh,hassaidthat‘for-profiteducationshouldnotbeallowedinordertosafeguardthenoblecauseofeducation’”聯(lián)合國教育特別報告員KishoreSingh曾表示：“為了捍衛(wèi)教育的崇高事業(yè)，不應該允許營利性教育。”這是對原文中上一句“NGOstendtobeideologicallyopposedtotheprivatesector.非政府組織往往在意識形態(tài)上反對私營部門”的解釋，說明非政府組織反對私營機構的理由。因此選項B符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)兩段的首句“privateschoolsareoftenbettervalueformoneythanstateones.私立學校通常比公立學校更物有所值?！币簿褪悄軌虺浞掷觅Y金?！皃rivateschoolsareinnovative.”私立學校具有創(chuàng)新性。所以選項C符合原文。選項A顯然不是私立學校超越公立學校的原因；選項B在文中沒有提及；選項D表述過于片面。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Governmentsshouldthereforebeaskingnothowtodiscourageprivateeducation,buthowtoboostit.政府不應該打擊私營教育，而應該大力發(fā)展私營教育?！庇纱丝赏茢?，作者認為私營教育是符合社會發(fā)展的需求的。選項A正確。選項B與作者的觀點不符；選項C在文中沒有提及；選項D表述過于絕對。

5.主旨大意題。結合全文內(nèi)容可知，作者首先指出了發(fā)展中國家政府在公立教育方面的失敗，接著提到私營教育的發(fā)展，政府反對私營教育，而作者認為應該大力發(fā)展私營教育，所以本文的主要內(nèi)容是討論支持還是反對私營教育。選項B最為恰當。

3.單選題

Wehaven’tseenourneighborforoveraweek.They______onatripabroad.

問題1選項

A.couldgo

B.mustgo

C.mayhavegone

D.shouldhavegone

【答案】C

【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞的使用。A選項could表示過去的時間會做某事；B選項must表示必須做某事，C選項mayhavedone表示對過去所發(fā)生動作的猜測，D選項shouldhavedone表示本應該做某事而沒做。句意：我們已經(jīng)一個多星期沒見到鄰居了。他們可能去國外旅行了。本句表示對過去動作的猜測。因此C選項正確。

4.單選題

“Letmesendyouourbrochure”isprobablythemostcommonlyusedphraseinbusiness.Butalltoooften,itcanspelltheendofacustomerenquirybecausemanybrochuresappeartobeproducednottoclarifyandtoexcitebuttoconfuse.Sowhatgoeswrongandhowcanitbeputright?Toooften,businessesfailtoaskthemselvescriticalquestionslike,“Whowillthebrochurebesentto?”“Whatdowewanttoachievewithit?”Thetruthisthatabrochurehasusuallybeenproducedfornootherreasonthanthatthecompetitionhasone.

However,withalittleresearch,itoftentranspiresthatwhattheclientwantsisamixture:partmailshot,partglossycorporatebrochureandpartproductcatalogue—acombinationrarelyfound.Havingsaidthat,thebudgetislikelytobefinite.Theremaynotbeenoughmoneytomeetallthreemarketingneeds,sothefirsttaskistoplanthebrochure,takingintoaccountthemostsignificantofthese.Theotherrequirementswillhavetobemetinadifferentway.Afterall,introducingthecompany’sproductrangetonewcustomersbymailisadifferenttaskfromsellinganewseason’scollectiontoexistingcustomers.

Thesecondtaskistogetthecontentright.In95percentofcases,acompanywillhireadesignertooverseethelayout,sothefinalproductlooksstylish,interestingandprofessional;buttheydon’tgetacopywriterorsomeonewiththerightexpertisetoproducethetext,oratleasttidyitup—andthisshows.Abiggerfailingistoproduceabrochurethatisnotcustomerfocused.Yourbrochureshouldcoverareasofinteresttothecustomer,concentratingonthebenefitsofbuyingfromyou.

Instead,thousandsofbrochuresstartwithahistorylesson,“Foundedin1987,wehavebeensellingourproducts...”Icanassureyouthatcustomersarenevergoingtosaytothemselves,“They’vebeenaroundfor20years—I’llbuyfromthem.”It’snothowlongyou’vebeeninbusinessthatcounts,it’swhatyou’vedoneinthattime.Theimportantpointtogetacrossatthebeginningisthatyouhaveagoodtrackrecord.Oncethishasbeenestablished,therestofthebrochureshouldaimtoconvincecustomersthatyourproductsarethebestonthemarket.

Itishelpfulwithcontenttogetinsidethecustomer’shead.Ifyouraudienceisyoungandtrendy,becreativeandcolourful.Asalways,createalistofthebenefitsthatpotentialcustomerswouldgainfromdoingbusinesswithyou,forexample,productquality,breadthofrange,expertiseofstaffandsoon.Butrememberthatitisnotenoughjusttostatethese:inordertopersuade,theyneedtobespeltout.Onepossibilityistoquoterecommendationsfromexistingcustomers.Thisalsomakesthebrochurepersonaltoyou,ratherthanitsimplybeingasetofsuppliers’photographswithyournameonthefront.Atthedesignstage,therearemanyproductionfeaturesthatcandistinguishyourbrochurefromtherunofthemill.Youmaythinkthatthingslikecutoutsorpop-upswilldothisforyouandthusmakeyoustandout,oryoumaythinktheyjustlooklikedesignerwhimsthataddcost.Gothroughalltheoptionsindetail.Oneofthemmightbethatall-importantmagicalingredient.

11.Whatpointdoesthewritermakeaboutbrochuresinthefirstparagraph?

12.Thewriter’sadvicetocompaniesinthesecondparagraphisto（）.

13.Inthethirdparagraph,whichofthefollowingdoesthewritersaywouldimprovethemajorityofbrochures?

14.Intheintroductiontoabrochure,thewriteradvisescompaniestofocuson（）.

15.Whendiscussingbrochurecontentinthefifthparagraph,thewriterremindscompaniesto（）.

問題1選項

A.Customerexpectationsofthemaretoohigh.

B.Theyoughttobemorestraightforwardindesign

C.Insufficientthoughttendstogointoproducingthem.

D.Companiesshouldensuretheyusethemmorewidely.

問題2選項

A.produceabrochuretoadvertisenewproductlines

B.useabrochuretoextendthecustomerbase

C.acceptthatabrochurecannotfulfileveryobjective

D.aimtogetabiggerbudgetallocationforproducingbrochures

問題3選項

A.betterlanguageandexpression.

B.betteroverallappearance.

C.moreup-to-datecontent.

D.moreproductinformation.

問題4選項

A.theirunderstandingofthebusinessenvironment

B.therangeofproductstheyoffer

C.theiruniquemarketposition

D.thereputationtheyhavebuiltup

問題5選項

A.consideroldcustomersaswellasnewones

B.providesupportfortheclaimstheymake

C.avoidusingtheirownphotographs

D.includedetailsofqualitycertification

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】11.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第一段后半部分Toooften,businessesfailtoaskthemselvescriticalquestions...（企業(yè)往往沒有問自己一些關鍵性的問題……）從這段話可以看出，作者認為企業(yè)在設計廣告手冊時的考慮是不周全的，沒有進行深入思考。因此C選項“設計他們時考慮得并不充分”正確。A選項“顧客對他們的期望太高了”不對，沒有提到客戶的期望，只是說廣告手冊可能會把客戶弄糊涂。B選項“它們在設計上應該更加直接”也不對，第一段并沒有提到設計的問題。D選項“公司應該確保他們更廣泛地使用它們”在原文中也沒有提到。

12.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關鍵詞可以定位到第二段Theremaynotbeenoughmoneytomeetallthreemarketingneeds,sothefirsttaskistoplanthebrochure,takingintoaccountthemostsignificantofthese.（可能沒有足夠的資金來滿足所有這三個營銷需求，所以第一項任務是規(guī)劃宣傳冊，考慮到最重要的這些。）也就是說他們不可能滿足所有的市場需要，所以優(yōu)先考慮最關鍵的部分，其他的需要用另外的方式來滿足。因此C選項“接受一個廣告手冊不可能滿足所有目標的事實”正確。A選項“制作宣傳冊宣傳新產(chǎn)品系列”；B選項“使用宣傳冊來擴大客戶基礎”以及D選項“爭取獲得更大的預算撥款用于制作小冊子”都不是原文的觀點。

13.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第三段In95percentofcases,acompanywillhireadesignertooverseethelayout,sothefinalproductlooksstylish,interestingandprofessional;buttheydon’tgetacopywriterorsomeonewiththerightexpertisetoproducethetext（在95%的情況下，公司會聘請一名設計師來監(jiān)督布局，使最終產(chǎn)品看起來時尚、有趣和專業(yè)），也就是說作者認為他們只注重設計而不注重表述內(nèi)容，應該找一個有相關技能的廣告文字撰稿人來制作文字，因此A選項“更好的語言和表達”是最符合的。B選項“更好的整體外觀”，作者說了外觀是精心設計的，因此很時尚；C選項“更多最新的內(nèi)容”，是否是最新內(nèi)容文章并未提及；D選項“更多的產(chǎn)品信息”是過度推斷。

14.根據(jù)題干關鍵詞定位到第四段Theimportantpointtogetacrossatthebeginningisthatyouhaveagoodtrackrecord.（最重要的一點是在開始的時候你要有一個良好的業(yè)績記錄。）也就是說要有好口碑，因此D選項“他們建立的聲譽”，是原文的轉述項，正確。A選項“他們對商業(yè)環(huán)境的理解”；B選項“他們提供的產(chǎn)品范圍”以及C選項“他們獨特的市場地位”，都沒有提到。

15.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到最后一段Butrememberthatitisnotenoughjusttostatethese:inordertopersuade,theyneedtobespeltout.（但請記住，僅僅陳述這些是不夠的：為了說服別人，需要把它們說清楚。）也就是說僅僅聲明是不夠的他們需要被詳細說明。因此B選項“為他們的主張?zhí)峁┲С帧闭_。A選項“既考慮新客戶，也考慮老客戶”沒有提到；C選項“避免使用自己的照片”不對，不是說避免使用他們的照片，而是說不能僅僅只呈上他們的照片，還要有別的東西，比如客戶的建議；D選項“包括質量認證的細節(jié)”也沒有提到。

5.單選題

Oneoftheimportantcorollariestotheinvestigativepoweristhepowertopublicizeinvestigationsand[A]theirresults.Mostcommitteehearingsare[B]opentopublicandarereportedwidelyinthemassmedia.Congressionalinvestigations[C]thusrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakerstoinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterest[D]innationalissues.

問題1選項

A.their

B.opentopublic

C.thusrepresent

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查冠詞。public表示“公眾”時，前面應加定冠詞，因此B選項opentopublic應該為opentothepublic。

6.單選題

Hewould,wheninoffice,（）thatallsecretdatabemadepublic.

問題1選項

A.secure

B.ensure

C.assure

D.certify

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。secure“保護;弄到”；ensure“確保;保證”；assure“使（某人）確信（某事）；使信服，使相信”；certify“證明”。只有B項符合題意。句意：當他執(zhí)政時，他會確保所有機密數(shù)據(jù)都要公布于眾。

7.單選題

ThepopulationofSeattleisaconglomerateofpeoplefromdifferentethnicandculturalbackgrounds.

問題1選項

A.acompany

B.afluctuation

C.anassortment

D.amatching

【答案】C

【解析】句意：西雅圖的人口是由來自不同種族和文化背景的人組成的群體。conglomerate意為聚結，凝聚成團。acompany一家公司；afluctuation起伏，波動；anassortment分類，混合物；amatching匹配，一致。選項C與之意思最為相近。

8.單選題

AleadingBritishscholarhasproposedtranslatingShakespeareintocontemporaryEnglish（）youngaudienceswhoareconfusedbyjokeswhichare400yearsoutofdate.

問題1選項

A.inmemoryof

B.atthecostof

C.onbehalfof

D.forthebenefitof

【答案】D

【解析】inmemoryof紀念……；atthecostof以……為代價；onbehalfof代表，為了；forthebenefitof為了……的利益。句意：英國一位著名學者提議將莎士比亞的作品翻譯成現(xiàn)代英語，以造福那些被過時了400年的笑話弄糊涂的年輕觀眾。選項D符合句意。

9.單選題

DuringtheKing’sillness,thedoctorissued（

）twiceaday.

問題1選項

A.urgencies

B.emergencies

C.statements

D.bulletins

【答案】D

【解析】句意:國王生病期間,醫(yī)生每天兩次發(fā)布病情公告。選項A和B一般指緊急情況；statement敘述,聲明；均不符合句意。bulletins指公告,符合原文語境。

10.單選題

Theofferofafreeoverseastour（

）himintobuyingthevillaonthehillside.

問題1選項

A.discouraged

B.committed

C.tempted

D.tangled

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。discourage阻止，使氣餒；commit犯錯，委托；tempt誘惑，引起；tangle使糾纏。句意：因為提供免費的境外旅游誘使他買下了山坡上的別墅。選項C更符合語境。

11.單選題

Whenyourparentsadviseyouto“getaneducation”inordertoraiseyourincome,theytellyouonlyhalfthetruth.Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety,butnotsomuchthatyouproveanembarrassmenttoyoursociety.

Getahighschooldiploma,atleast.Withoutthat,youwillbeoccupationallydeadunlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomasAlvaEdison,andyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool.

Getacollegedegree,ifpossible.WithaB.A,youareonthelaunchingpad.Butnowyouhavetostarttoputonthebrakes.Ifyougoforamaster’sdegree,makesureitisanM.B.A.andisfamouslawofdiminishingreturnsbeginstotakeeffect.

Doyouknow,forinstance,thatlong-haultruckdriversearnmoreperyearthanfullprofessors?Yes,theaverage1977salaryforthosetruckerswas$24,000,whilethefullprofessorsmanagedtoearnjust$23,030.

APh.D.isthehighestdegreeyoucanget.Exceptforafewspecializedfieldssuchasphysicsorchemistrywherethedegreecanquicklybeturnedtoindustrialorcommercialpurposes,ifyoupursuesuchadegreeinanyotherfield,youwillfaceadimfuture.TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythaninanyotherpartoftheworld.

IfyoubecomeadoctorofphilosophyinEnglishorhistoryoranthropologyorpoliticalscienceorlanguagesorworstofallinphilosophy,youruntheriskofbecomingovereducatedforournationaldemands.Notforourneeds,mindyou,butforourdemands.

ThousandsofPh.D.saresellingshoes,drivingcars,waitingontables,andendlesslyfillingoutapplicationsmonthaftermonth.Theymayalsotakeajobinsomehighschoolorbackwatercollegethatpaysmuchlessthanthedoorkeeperearns.

Youcanequatethelevelofincomewiththelevelofeducationonlysofar.Farenough,thatis,tomakeyouusefultothegrossnationalproduct,butnotsofarthatnobodycanturnmuchofaprofitonyou.

1.Accordingtothewriter,whatthesocietyexpectsofeducationistoturnoutpeoplewho（）.

2.ManyPh.Dsareoutofajobbecause（）.

3.Thenationisonlyinterestedinpeople（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNottrue?

5.Thewriterseeseducationas（）.

問題1選項

A.willnotbeadisgracetosociety

B.willbecomeloyalcitizens

C.cantakecareofthemselves

D.canmeetthenation'sdemandsasasourceofmanpower

問題2選項

A.theyareimproperlyeducated

B.theyareoflittlecommercialvaluetotheirsociety

C.therearefewerjobsinhighschools

D.theyprefereasierjobsthatmakemoremoney

問題3選項

A.withdiplomas

B.whospecializeinphysicsandchemistry

C.whoarevaluabletothegrossnationalproduct

D.bothAandC

問題4選項

A.BernardShawdidn’tfinishhighschool,nordidEdison.

B.Onemustthinkcarefullybeforepursuingamasterdegree.

C.Thehigheryoureducationlevel,themoremoneyyou'llearn.

D.Ifyouaretoowell-educated,you'llbeover-educatedforsociety'sdemands.

問題5選項

A.ameansofprovidingjobsecurityandfinancialsecurityandameansofmeetingacountry’sdemandsfortechnicalworkers

B.awaytobroadenoneshorizons

C.moreimportantthanfindingajob

D.anopportunitythateveryoneshouldhave

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety,butnotsomuchthatyouproveanembarrassmenttoyoursociety.他們真正的意思是獲得足夠的教育來為社會提供人力資源，而不是證明你在社會中的尷尬?！币簿褪钦f，社會希望教育能夠轉向培養(yǎng)出作為人力資源來滿足國家需要的人才。選項D符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的內(nèi)容“你只能到目前為止把收入水平與教育水平等同起來。也就是說，要讓你對國民生產(chǎn)總值有用，但又不能讓任何人從你身上賺取太多利潤?！庇纱丝芍芏嗖┦可I(yè)，正是因為對社會沒有什么商業(yè)價值，所以選項B正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。本題的答案定位也是在原文最后一個自然段。根據(jù)上一題可知，國家只對那些國民生產(chǎn)總值有價值的人感興趣。所以選項C正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Doyouknow,forinstance,thatlong-haultruckdriversearnmoreperyearthanfullprofessors?比如說，你知道嗎?長途卡車司機的年收入比全職教授要高?！庇纱丝芍⒉皇墙逃皆礁?，賺的錢就越多。所以選項C不正確。

5.判斷推理題。原文第一自然段提及“當你的父母建議你‘接受教育’以提高你的收入時，他們只告訴了你一半的真相。他們真正的意思是獲得足夠的教育來為社會提供人力資源，而不是證明你在社會中的尷尬?！币簿褪钦f，作者認為教育不僅僅是一種提供工作保障和財政保障的手段，也是一種滿足國家對技術工人需求的手段，所以選項A符合原文。

12.單選題

Tworelatedparadoxesalsoemergefromthesamebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience.ThefirstwasgivenextendedconsiderationbyHegel,whoarguedroughlyasfollows:oursensuousattentionandthatgivestotheworkofartitspeculiarindividuality.Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought.

Atthesametime,ourunderstandingoftheworkofartisinpartintellectual;weseekinitaconceptualcontentwhichitpresentstousintheformofanidea.Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask,for,byseparatingthecontentfromtheparticularform,itabolishesitsindividuality.Thecontentpresentedthenceasestobetheexactcontentofthatworkofart.Inlosingitsindividuality,thecontentlosesitsaestheticrealtyitthusceasestobeareasonforattendingtotheparticularworkandthatfirstattractedourcriticalattention.Itcannotbethisthatwesawintheoriginalworkandthatexplaineditspoweroverus.

Forthiscontent:displayedinthediscursiveidiomofthecriticalintellect,isnomorethanahusk,adiscardedrelicofameaningthateludedusintheactofseizingit.Ifthecontentisrobethetrueobjectofaestheticinterestitmustremainweddedtoitsindividuality:itcannotbedetachedfromits“sensuousembodiment”withoutbeingdetachedfromitself.Contentis,therefore,inseparablefromformandforminturninseparablefromcontent.(Itistheformthatitisonlybyvirtueofthecontentthatitembodies.)

Hegel'sargumentisthearchetypeofmany,allaimedatshowingthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformfromcontentandalsoimpossibletodoso.Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable.Tosupposethatcontentandformareinseparableis,ineffect,todismissbothideasasillusory,sincenotwoworksofancanthenshareeitheracontentoraform-the.formbeingdefinitiveofeach’work’sindividuality.

Inthiscase,noonecouldeverjustifyhisinterestinaworkofartbyreferencetoitsmeaning.

Theintensityofaestheticinterestbecomesapuzzling,andultimatelyinexplicable,featureofourmentallifeifontheotherhandweinsistthatcontentandformareseparable,weshallneverbeabletofind,throughastudyofcontent,thereasonforattendingtotheparticular"work-ofartthatintriguesus.Everyworkofartstandsproxyforitsparaphrase.Animpassablegapthenopensbetweenaestheticexperienceanditsground,andtheclaimthataestheticexperienceisintrinsicallyvaluableisthrownindoubt.

1.Hegelarguedthat（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethat

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatHegelbelieved?

4.Premisesthatarerelatedtoeachotherseemstobedispensablebecause

（

）.

5.Thispassageismainlyabout（

）.

問題1選項

A.itisoursensuousappreciationthatgivespeculiarindividualitytotheworkofart

B.itisthecontentoftheworkofartthatholdsourattention

C.theworkofartcannotbeunderstoodwithoutaprocessoflogicalthinking

D.Theformoftheworkofartiswhatoursensuousappreciationconcentrateson

問題2選項

A.theparadoxthatitisbothnecessarytodistinguishformcontentandalsoimpossibletodosocannotberesolvedbyrejectingitspremises

B.bothcontentandformoftheworkofartareillusory

C.thecometandform,oftheworkofartareseparable

D.aestheticexperienceisnotintrinsicallyvaluable

問題3選項

A.Thecontentandformoftheworkofartcannotbeseparatedfromeachother.

B.Thecontentoftheworkofartisalwaysthetrueobjectsofaestheticinterest.

C.Thecontentpresentedwithoutany'individualityisnotmecontentoftheworkofan.

D.Thecontentunderstoodbymeansofaprocessofdiscursivethoughtisnomorethanahusk.

問題4選項

A.Kantthinkstheyareindispensable

B.eitherofthemcanresolvetheparadox

C.thepremisesareseparated

D.thepremisescanaccountforthetheory

問題5選項

A.thesensuousappreciationofart

B.thebasicconceptionoftheaestheticexperience

C.howtoappreciatetheworkofart

D.therelationshipbetweenformandcontentoftheworkofan

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句Becauseitaddressesitselftooursensoryappreciation,theworkofartisessentiallyconcrete,tobeunderstoodbyanactofperceptionratherthanbyaprocessofdiscursivethought可知選項D符合題意。

2.文章第四段but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到康德認為對兩個前提中的一個予以否定是不可能的，選項A與之相符。

3.文章第二段Onepurposeofcriticalinterpretationistoexpoundthisideaindiscursiveform—togivetheequivalentofthecontentoftheworkofartinanother.Butcriticismcanneversucceedinthistask提到人們試圖對藝術品找到一個實在東西表達其含義，但是沒有成功，所以選項B的描述是錯誤的，符合題意。

4.文章第四段提到Thisparadoxmayberesolvedbyrejectingeitherofitspremises:but,aswithKant’santinomy,neitherpremiseseemsdispensable提到這兩個前提（premise）對解決這個自相矛盾（paradox）并沒有用，所以他們是可有可無的。選項B符合題意。

5.文章主要講述了黑格爾對藝術的內(nèi)容和形式之間的關系的看法，所以選項D符合題意。

13.單選題

Allspecialistsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefully（

）therisksandbenefits.

問題1選項

A.valuing

B.evaluating

C.estimating

D.weighing

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。value“評價；重視；估價”；evaluate“評估；估價”；estimate“估計：判斷”；weigh“權衡；考慮”。句意：所有專家一致認為最重要的事是權衡減肥藥的風險和好處。選項D符合題意。

14.單選題

CollegeBoardPresidentGastonCapertontrumpetedrisingSATmathscoresandbemoaned_______verbalscoreslastweek.

問題1選項

A.motionless

B.stagnant

C.briskness

D.sluggish

【答案】B

【解析】motionless不動的,靜止的;stagnant停滯的,遲鈍的;briskness敏捷,活潑;sluggish行動遲緩的。句意：上周，學校董事會主席GastonCaperton鼓吹SAT數(shù)學成績的提高，也哀嘆語文成績停滯不前。選項B符合句意。

15.單選題

Onlineschools,which（）theneedsofdifferentpeople,haveemergedasanincreasinglypopulareducationalternative.

問題1選項

A.consentto

B.stirup

C.switchon

D.caterto

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項consentto“同意；答應；贊成”；B選項stirup“激起；煽動；攪拌；喚起”；C選項switchon“接通，開啟”；D選項caterto“迎合；為……服務”。句意：滿足不同人群需求的網(wǎng)上學校已經(jīng)成為一種日益流行的教育方式。由空格后的關鍵詞“theneedsof……的需求”可知“迎合”符合句意，因此D選項正確。

16.單選題

Paradoxically,Robinson’sexcessivedenialsoftheworthofearlyworksofsciencefictionsuggestthatshehasbecomequite（

）them.

問題1選項

A.reflectiveabout

B.skepticalof

C.enamoredof

D.offendedby

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。reflective反射的；沉思的；becomeskepticalof開始非常懷疑······；enamoredof迷戀；becomeoffendedby感到被冒犯。句意：自相矛盾的是，羅賓遜對早期科幻作品價值的過度否認表明她已經(jīng)開始非常懷疑它們。由Paradoxically和Robinson’sexcessivedenialsoftheworthofearlyworksofsciencefictionsuggestthat可知B符合語境。

17.單選題

Yesterdayafternoonamultitudeofpeopleattendedthefundraisingpresentationinthemall

問題1選項

A.smallnumber

B.specialgroup

C.hugecrowd

D.youthfulteam

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。amultitudeof許多的，大批的。只有C項“hugecrowd大群人”正確。句意：昨天下午，許多人參加了在商場舉行的募捐活動。

18.單選題

Ausefuldefinitionofanairpollutantisacompoundaddeddirectlyorindirectlybyhumanstotheatmosphereinsuchquantitiesastoaffecthumans,animals,vegetations,ormaterialsadversely.Airpollutionrequiresaveryflexibledefinitionthatpermitscontinuouschange.WhenthefirstairpollutionlawswereestablishedinEnglandinthefourteenthcentury,airpollutantswerelimitedtocompoundsthatcouldbeseenorsmelled—afarcryfromtheextensivelistofharmfulsubstancesknowntoday.Astechnologyhasdevelopedandknowledgeofthehealthaspectsofvariouschemicalshasincreased,thelistofairpollutantshaslengthened.Inthefuture,evenwatervapormightbeconsideredanairpollutantundercertainconditions.

Manyofthemoreimportantairpollutants,suchassulfuroxides,carbonmonoxide,andnitrogenoxides,arefoundinnature.AstheEarthdeveloped,theconcentrationsofthesepollutantswerealteredbyvariouschemicalreactions;theybecamecomponentsinbiogeochemicalcycle.Theseserveasanairpurificationschemebyallowingthecompoundstomovefromtheairtothewaterorsoilonaglobalbasis,nature’soutputofthese