考研考博-英語-安徽工程大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽工程大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynursery,wasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe（1）halfofthe19thcentury;mostof（2）werecharitable.ButinEuropeandintheU.S.,thedaynurserymovementreceivedgreat（3）duringtheFirstWorldWar,when（4）ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished（5）inmunitionsplants:underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.（6）thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose（7）thisrise,wasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,（8）,federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol（9）thedaynurseries,chieflyby（10）themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

The（11）oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwere（12）calledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis（13）theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,（14）$6.000,000inJuly,1942,foranurseryschoolprogramforthechildrenofworking.AlotStatesandlocalcommunities（15）thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar.inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared（16）indaycarecentersreceivingFederal（17）.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment（18）cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater（19）them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir（20）attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.late

B.latter

C.other

D.first

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.those

B.them

C.whose

D.imitation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.imitation

B.input

C.impetus

D.initiative

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.sources

B.abundance

C.shortage

D.reduction

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.hardly

B.entirely

C.only

D.even

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Because

B.As

C.Although

D.Since

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.unanimously

B.sharply

C.Predominantly

D.militantly

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.therefore

B.consequently

C.however

D.moreover

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.over

B.in

C.at

D.about

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.formulating

B.labeling

C.patenting

D.licensing

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.outset

B.outbreak

C.breakthrough

D.breakdown

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.again

B.thus

C.repeatedly

D.Yet

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.Circumstance

B.occasion

C.case

D.situation

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.regulating

B.summoning

C.allocating

D.transferring

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.expanded

B.facilitated

C.compensated

D.supplemented

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.by

B.after

C.of

D.for

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.pensions

B.subsidies

C.revenues

D.budgets

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.prevalently

B.furiously

C.statistically

D.drastically

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.abolished

B.diminished

C.jeopardized

D.precluded

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.nurseries

B.homes

C.jobs

D.children

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:D

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】第1題:1.考查形容詞辨析。由上文可知，美國(guó)第一家日托所建于1854年，日托所在各地普遍建立應(yīng)該是在19世紀(jì)后半期。thelatterhalf為后半期。故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.mostof后面接人稱代詞。句意：大多數(shù)幼兒園都是慈善性質(zhì)的。

3.考查名詞辨析。imitation模仿；input輸入；initiative主動(dòng)權(quán)；impetus推動(dòng)，促進(jìn)，動(dòng)力；句意：日托所在一戰(zhàn)期間受到了很大的推動(dòng)。

4.考查名詞辨析。sources來源;abundance豐富，充裕;shortage短缺;reduction減少。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)勞動(dòng)力短缺使得大量的女性被雇傭。由下文的industrialemployment…可知是由于勞動(dòng)力短缺，故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.考查副詞辨析。句意：在政府直接倡導(dǎo)下，歐洲一些國(guó)家建立了日托所，甚至在軍火工廠里也建了日托所。軍火工廠相對(duì)國(guó)家的其他地方來說，層次加深了，故用even.

6.考查邏輯連詞。由下文thisrise,wasaccomplished…可知前后句是讓步關(guān)系，故用although。

7.考查副詞辨析。unanimously全體一致地，無異議地;sharply急劇地；predominantly主要地，支配其他地；militarily在軍事上。只有sharply能修飾動(dòng)詞rose。句意：盡管美國(guó)托兒所數(shù)目急劇增長(zhǎng)，但并未得到政府的任何資助。

8.考查邏輯連詞。前一句提到美國(guó)的一些托兒所沒有政府資助，該空后面的句子又提到聯(lián)邦政府以及當(dāng)?shù)卣_始逐漸對(duì)托兒所進(jìn)行控制，前面兩種是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系。

9.考查固定搭配。controlover控制，支配。

10.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。formulate規(guī)范;label貼標(biāo)簽于，分類；patent取得專利權(quán);license許可，特許。由后半句的inspect和regulate可知聯(lián)邦政府對(duì)托兒所進(jìn)行規(guī)范化管理。句意：然而在一戰(zhàn)后的幾年中，聯(lián)邦政府和地方政府開始采取措施來控制托兒所，主耍通過檢查和規(guī)范化化來管理控制托兒所。故A項(xiàng)正確。

11.考查名詞辨析。outset開端，開始:outbreak爆發(fā)；breakthrough突破：breakdown崩潰，故障。此句句意為二戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，故B項(xiàng)正確。

12.考查邏輯關(guān)系。在上一段中提到了一戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)時(shí)，由于勞動(dòng)力短缺，大量雇傭女性。二戰(zhàn)中女性又被號(hào)召去替補(bǔ)工廠里的男性。所以要填again.

13.考查名詞辨析。circumstance環(huán)境，狀況；occasion時(shí)機(jī)，機(jī)會(huì)；case情況；situation情形；ontheoccasion在那時(shí)，能與介詞on搭配的只有B項(xiàng)。

14.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。regulate規(guī)定，調(diào)節(jié)；summon召集、召喚；allocate分配;transfer轉(zhuǎn)讓，轉(zhuǎn)移。由上句可知美國(guó)政府大力支持托兒所，又由空格后的數(shù)字可推知此句表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)為美國(guó)政府分配了600萬美元用于托兒所的發(fā)展。故C項(xiàng)正確。

15.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。expanded膨脹、擴(kuò)充；facilitated使容易、使便利；compensated補(bǔ)償、償還；supplemented補(bǔ)充,補(bǔ)全。句意：許多州和地方團(tuán)體對(duì)聯(lián)邦政府資助進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充。

16.考查詞組辨析。carefor關(guān)系，照顧。

17.考查名詞辨析。pensions養(yǎng)老金，退休金；subsidies補(bǔ)助金，津貼；revenues國(guó)家的收入，稅收；budgets預(yù)算。句意：一百多萬兒童在接受聯(lián)邦津貼的日托中心里受到照顧。

18.考查副詞辨析。prevalently普遍地，流行地；furiously狂暴地，猛烈地;statistically統(tǒng)計(jì)上地;drastically激烈地，徹底地。由后文的asharpdrop可知此空應(yīng)填drastically，由于大量削減用于日托所的開支，導(dǎo)致了托兒所的劇減。故D項(xiàng)正確。

19.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。abolish廢除;diminish使減少，變小;jeopard危害，危及；precluded排除。前句提到托兒所大幅度減少支出，后來應(yīng)該是廢除了，所以才導(dǎo)致運(yùn)營(yíng)中的日托所大幅減少。故A項(xiàng)正確。

20.考查名詞辨析。上文提到了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)時(shí)大多數(shù)女性被工廠雇傭來替代男性的工作，在戰(zhàn)后可推知很多男性回到了工廠，自然不需要這么多女性來替代他們的工作，所以很多被雇傭的母親離開他們的工作這一愿望得到了實(shí)現(xiàn)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

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2.翻譯題

“失落之城”馬丘比丘坐落在秘魯熱帶山地森林，直到1911年才被美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家海勒姆·賓厄姆發(fā)現(xiàn)。馬丘比丘海拔2430米，為熱帶森林所包圍。它可能是印加帝國(guó)全盛時(shí)期最輝煌的城市建筑，那巨大的城墻和梯田好像是在連綿的懸崖絕壁上自然形成的一樣。古城矗立在安第斯山脈東邊的斜坡上，環(huán)繞著亞馬孫河上游的盆地。馬丘比丘廢墟是世界上最美最神秘的古代遺址之一。早在15世紀(jì)初期，印加人就在那里建起數(shù)百座石建筑，傳說和神話表明馬丘比丘曾是一個(gè)圣地。古城廢墟有宮殿、洗浴室、寺廟、貯藏室和大約150間房子，皆保存完好。這些建筑均用山頂?shù)幕疑◢弾r雕筑而成，是建筑學(xué)和美學(xué)的奇跡。

【答案】MachuPicchu,alostcitylocatedinPeru'stropicalmountainforests,wasn'tdiscoveredbyAmericanexplorerHiramBinghamuntil1911.Itstands2,430mabovesea-level,andsurroundedbytropicalforests.ItwasprobablythemostgloriousurbanbuildinginthezenithofIncaEmpire;itsgiantwallsandterracesseemlikebeencutnaturallyinthecontinuousrockcliffs.Theancientcity,ontheeasternslopesoftheAndes,surroundsthebasininupperAmazonRiver.

TheruinsofMachuPicchuareoneofthemostbeautifulandmysteriousancientsitesintheworld.WhiletheIncapeopleerectedhundredsofstonestructurestherefromtheearly1400's,legendsandmythsindicatethatMachuPicchuwasasacredplace.Theruinshavepalaces,baths,temples,storageroomsandsome150houses,allinaremarkablestateofpreservation.Thesestructures,carvedfromthegraygraniteofthemountaintop,arewondersofbotharchitecturalandaestheticgenius.

3.翻譯題

藝術(shù)的最高境界是無技巧。我?guī)资昵巴晃慌笥艳q論時(shí)就說過：長(zhǎng)得好看的人用不著濃妝艷抹，而我的文章就像一個(gè)丑八怪，不打扮，看起來倒還順眼些。他說：“流傳久遠(yuǎn)的作品是靠文學(xué)技巧流傳，誰會(huì)關(guān)心百十年前的生活？”我不同意，我認(rèn)為打動(dòng)人心的還是作品中所反映的生活和主人公的命運(yùn)。這仍然是在反對(duì)那些無中生有、混淆黑白的花言巧語。我最恨那些盜名欺世、欺騙讀者的謊言。

【答案】Thehigheststatetowhichartcanattainisartlessness.Whenarguingwiththispointswithafriendseveraldecadesago,Isaid,“Physicallyattractivepeopledon’tneedheavymake-up.Thoughmywritingresemblesanuglymonster,itactuallylooksalittlebetterwithoutanyembellishment.”Hereplied,“Literaryworkshavestoodthetestoftimebecauseoftheskillwithwhichtheywerewritten.Whotodaycaresaboutthedetailsofwhatlifewaslikeahundredyearsago?”IdisagreeandIbelievereadersaremovedbythelifereflectedinastoryandthefateofthechiefcharacters.ThismeanIopposefabrication,deceptionandflowerylanguage.WhatIhatemostarethoseglory-seekingwriterswhodeceivethepublicwiththeirlies.

4.單選題

TheNorthVietnameseweretenacious,andinJanuary1968theylaunchedamassiveattackknownastheTetOffensive,whichseverelydamagedU.S.forces.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.collective

B.hostile

C.aggressive

D.persistent

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.collective集體的，共有的B.hostile敵意的，敵對(duì)的

C.aggressive好斗的，挑釁的D.persistent執(zhí)著的，不屈不撓的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】tenacious的意思為“頑強(qiáng)的，堅(jiān)忍不拔的”，用來形容theNorthVietnamese，指的是他們非常英勇，persistent與之詞義相近，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)詞義與之不符。

【句意】北越人很頑強(qiáng)，1968年1月他們發(fā)動(dòng)了大規(guī)模進(jìn)攻，稱為春節(jié)攻勢(shì)，重創(chuàng)美軍。

5.單選題

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally（

）oftherealitythatthey

represent.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。reflection“反映”；demonstration“示范”；illumination“照明”；reproduction“繁殖”。句意：許多試圖向世界反映現(xiàn)實(shí)的小說，都反映了他們所代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

6.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

人們必須通過對(duì)現(xiàn)象的分析和研究,才能了解到事實(shí)的本質(zhì),因此需要科學(xué)。

我們現(xiàn)在面臨的所有重大世界性問題中最重要的問題就是人口對(duì)土地和土地資源的壓力正在迅速增長(zhǎng)。

受到這么多挫折和失敗,他比以前聰明多了,這次任務(wù)他一定會(huì)完成得很好的。

沒有農(nóng)業(yè),人們就不能生存,社會(huì)生產(chǎn)就不能繼續(xù)下去,因此,農(nóng)業(yè)作為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)必須得到足夠重視。

這件事的發(fā)生不是由于我們的過錯(cuò),而是由于你的疏忽大意。

【答案】Onlythroughtheanalysisandstudyofthephenomenoncanhumanunderstandthenatureofthefact,therefore,scienceisneeded.

Thepopulationpressureonlandandlandresourcesisgrowingrapidly,whichisthemostimportantoneamongallthemajorworldproblemswearefacing.

Sufferingfromsomanysetbacksandfailures,hehasbecomewiserandcanfinishthistaskwell.

Peoplewillneitherexistnorcanproductionproceedwithoutagriculture.Therefore,asthebasisofthenationaleconomy,wemustpaymoreattentiontotheagriculture.

Theoccurrenceofthismatteriscausedbyyourcarelessness,notbyourfault.

7.單選題

Forfearthatanewshoppingcenterwouldruinthepeaceofthecommunity,manyresidents（）theconstructionplan.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.approved

B.countered

C.defended

D.opposed

【答案】D

【解析】近義詞辨析。approved批準(zhǔn),認(rèn)可;counter"反擊,反駁",強(qiáng)調(diào)的是別人先做某個(gè)動(dòng)作或者提出某種觀點(diǎn),自己再來反擊或者駁斥;defended辯護(hù);oppose"反對(duì),反抗,對(duì)抗",可表不同程度的抵抗,用法和object接近,但oppose為及物動(dòng)詞,不需要介詞。句意：由于擔(dān)心新的購(gòu)物中心會(huì)破壞社區(qū)的和平,許多居民反對(duì)這項(xiàng)建設(shè)計(jì)劃。選項(xiàng)D正確。

8.單選題

Whenthelawyeraskedhimhisreasonforthedivorceeherepliedthathecouldnolongerbearhercarping（

）himabouthisdrinkingtoomuch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.to

C.at

D.for

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。carpatsb.“對(duì)某人挑剔”。句意：當(dāng)律師問他離婚的原因時(shí)，他回答不能再忍受她挑剔他酗酒。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.翻譯題

Jointventures,inanumberofcases,don’tworkoutbecausethe“people”relationshipsbecomeungluedand/orthebusinesscan’tbemadeprofitable.Withthisinmind,internationaljointventuresshouldbestructuredtoanticipatetheworstcontingencies.Ifthisisdoneeventhoughthecontingenciesdon’toccur,youcanfeelthatyourcompany’sinterestshavebeenprotected.Here,Iwouldaddanadditionalobservation,namely,thatajointventurethatdidnotworkoutmaybeprofitableforthepartnerswhenbrokenupiftherightdecisionsweremadeonthepurchaseofrealestateortheacquisitionoftherightequipment.Theseassetsmaywellbeworthmorewhensoldthanwhentheywerepurchasedbythejointventurewhenformed.ThishasbeenparticularlytrueinJapan.Ifthebreakupisprofitable,thenyou’llwanttomakesurethatyougetyourshareoftheseprofits.

【答案】在不少情況下，合資企業(yè)之所以不成功，不是因?yàn)槿穗H關(guān)系不和，就是因?yàn)槠髽I(yè)不盈利，或是兩者兼而有之。出于這一考慮，國(guó)際合資企業(yè)應(yīng)該建立預(yù)測(cè)突發(fā)事件機(jī)制。即便是沒有出現(xiàn)突發(fā)性事件，這一機(jī)制也能發(fā)揮保護(hù)企業(yè)利益的作用。在此，我想給出另一個(gè)觀察報(bào)告，即：如果能夠收購(gòu)面臨破產(chǎn)的合作企業(yè)的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)或完好的設(shè)備，不盈利的合資企業(yè)有望扭虧為盈。收購(gòu)的資產(chǎn)再次被拋售時(shí)，其價(jià)值將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于收購(gòu)時(shí)的成本。這一做法在日本很受歡迎。如果破產(chǎn)是為了盈利，那么破產(chǎn)者也會(huì)從這一過程中獲利。

10.單選題

Inordertoshowhisbosswhatacarefulworkerhewas,hetook（）troubleoverthefigures.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.extensive

B.spare

C.extra

D.supreme

【答案】C

【解析】extensive廣泛的,大量的；spare多余的,少量的；extra額外的；supreme最高的,最重要的。句意：為了讓老板知道他是一個(gè)多么細(xì)心的工人,他在數(shù)據(jù)上花了額外的功夫。

11.單選題

Thestockmarketdeclinedsharply,andrampantbusinessinvestmentslumped.Thenanensuingspateonscandals_______publictrustinthewaycompanieswererun.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.consolidated

B.illuminated

C.weakened

D.celebrated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)consolidate“鞏固，加強(qiáng)”；B選項(xiàng)illuminate“說明；使?fàn)N爛”；C選項(xiàng)weaken“削弱”；D選項(xiàng)celebrate“慶祝；宣告”。句意：股市大幅下跌，泛濫的商業(yè)投資大幅下滑。接著是一連串的丑聞_______公眾對(duì)公司運(yùn)作方式的信任。根據(jù)語境，股市大跌，投資下滑，可知這里表達(dá)負(fù)面的意味，weaken“削弱”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Manyofthemostflexibleexamplesoftooluseinanimalscomefromprimates(theorderthatincludeshumans,apes,andmonkeys).Forexample,manywildprimatesuseobjectstothreatenoutsiders.Buttherearemanyexamplesoftoolusebyothermammals,aswellasbybirdsandothertypesofanimals.

Toolsareusedbymanyspeciesinthecaptureorpreparationoffood.Chimpanzeesusesticksandpolestobringoutantsandtermitesfromtheirhidingplaces.AmongthemostcomplextooluseobservedinthewildistheuseofstonesbyIvoryCoastchimpanzeestocracknutsopen.Theyselectalargeflatstoneasananvil(aheavyblockonwhichtoplacethenuts)andasmallerstoneasahammer,sometimescarryahaulofnutsmorethan40meterstofindasuitableanvil.Theuseoftoolsinchimpanzeesisespeciallyinterestingbecausetheseanimalssometimesmodifytoolstomakethembettersuitedfortheirintendedpurpose.Tomakeatwigmoreeffectivefordiggingouttermites,forexample,achimpmayfirststripitofitsleaves.

Surprisingly,thereisalsoaspeciesofbirdthatusesstickstoprobeholesinthesearchforinsects.OneofthespeciesofGalapagosfinch,thewoodpeckerfinch,picksuporbreaksoffatwig,cactusspine,orleafstein.Thisprimitivetoolisthenheldinthebeakandusedtoprobeforinsectsinholesintreesthatthebirdcannotprobedirectlywithitsbeak.Birdshavebeenseentocarrytwigsfromtreetotreesearchingforprey.

Toolsmayalsobeusedfordefense.Hermitcrabsgrabseaanemoneswiththeirclawsandusethemasweaponstorepeltheirenemies.Studieshavedemonstratedthatthesecrabssignificantlyimprovetheirchancesagainstpredatorssuchasoctopusbymeansofthistactic.Also,manyspeciesofforest-dwellingprimatesdefendthemselvesbythrowingobjects,includingstones,atintruders.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Accordingtothepassage,IvoryCoastchimpanzeesareamongthemostremarkableofanimaltoolusersbecausethey（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthebehaviorofthewoodpeckerfinch?

4.Accordingtothepassage,studieshaveshownthathermitcrabsmanagetoturnoctopusawayby

（

）.

5.ForestprimatesandcertainseaanimalsarementionedinthepassageasexamplesofanimalsthatusetoolsEXCEPTfor（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Primatesaresuperiortootheranimalsinusingtools.

B.Theuseofstonesastoolsissimilaracrossdifferentanimalspecies.

C.Birdsandprimatesusetoolsthataredifferentfromthoseofseaanimals.

D.Manyanimalshavedevelopedeffectivewaysofusingtools.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.usetoolstogatherfood

B.usemorethanonetooltoaccomplishatask

C.transporttoolsfromoneplacetoanother

D.hidetheirtoolsfromotheranimals

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itusesitsbeakasaweaponagainstitsenemies.

B.Itusesthesametwigtolookforfoodindifferenttrees.

C.Itusestwigsandleavestobuilditsnest.

D.Itavoidsareaswherecactusgrows.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.attackingtheoctopuswiththeirclaws

B.usingstonesasweapons

C.defendingthemselveswithseaanemones

D.hidingunderseaplants

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.self-protection

B.foodpreparation

C.huntingprey

D.buildingnestsorhome

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“文章討論的主要問題是……”。文章第一段提到動(dòng)物使用工具，主要是靈長(zhǎng)類，但也有其他一些哺乳動(dòng)物、鳥類等；第二段提到很多種類的動(dòng)物使用工具來捕捉食物；第三段提到有些動(dòng)物使用工具來挖洞或者找昆蟲；最后一段提到動(dòng)物使用工具來攻擊。由此可知選項(xiàng)D“許多動(dòng)物開發(fā)了工具的有效使用方式”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章，象牙海岸的黑猩猩是最引人注目的動(dòng)物工具使用者，因?yàn)椤?。文章第二段提到“它們選擇一塊大而平的石頭做砧板，另一塊小一點(diǎn)的石頭當(dāng)錘子，有時(shí)候會(huì)推著堅(jiān)果走到超過40米外的地方找合適的砧板”（Theyselectalargeflatstoneasananvil(aheavyblockonwhichtoplacethenuts)andasmallerstoneasahammer,sometimescarryahaulofnutsmorethan40meterstofindasuitableanvil），由此可知選項(xiàng)B“使用不止一種工具來完成任務(wù)”符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題目問的是“下面哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)可以從文章中推斷出啄木鳥的行為”。文章第三段最后一句話提到“啄木鳥會(huì)帶著它的細(xì)枝在樹木之間飛來飛去”（Birdshavebeenseentocarrytwigsfromtreetotreesearchingforprey），可以推斷出啄木鳥這么做是為了找蟲子，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題目問的是“根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)寄居蟹能夠把章魚趕走是通過……”。文章第四段提到“寄居蟹用鉗子抓住海葵作武器趕跑敵人”（Hermitcrabsgrabseaanemoneswiththeirclawsandusethemasweaponstorepeltheirenemies），選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目問的是“森林靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物和海洋中的某些動(dòng)物被用來作為動(dòng)物使用工具的例子，下列哪項(xiàng)不包含在內(nèi)”。文章第二段提到動(dòng)物使用工具捕食，比如黑猩猩，還有動(dòng)物用工具來準(zhǔn)備食物，比如象牙海岸的黑猩猩用石頭來砸堅(jiān)果；最后一段提到寄居蟹使用工具來趕跑敵人。由此可知只有選項(xiàng)D沒有提及，符合題意。

13.單選題

Onlyafterhehasacquiredconsiderablefacilityinspeaking（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thenhelearnsreadingandwriting

B.doeshelearntoreadandwrite

C.finallycomesreadingandwriting

D.hebegantoreadandtowrite

【答案】B

【解析】考查部分倒裝。Only+副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句位于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。即需要將be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語前，句中的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞位置不變。句意：他只有在獲得相當(dāng)多的說的能力之后，才學(xué)會(huì)讀和寫。AD選項(xiàng)都沒有使用倒裝，可以排除，C選項(xiàng)倒裝后句中缺少主語，故選B。

14.單選題

Thereareseveralpossibleexplanationforthegreaterjob（

）inJapanincontrasttothegreatjobmobilityintheUnitedState.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitivity

B.creativity

C.stability

D.security

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)sensitivity“敏感性”；B選項(xiàng)creativity“創(chuàng)造性”；C選項(xiàng)stability“穩(wěn)定性”；D選項(xiàng)security“安全性”。

句意：日本工作的穩(wěn)定性和美國(guó)工作的流動(dòng)性形成對(duì)比，對(duì)此有幾種可能的解釋。根據(jù)下文的關(guān)鍵詞“mobility”可知，選項(xiàng)C正確。

15.單選題

Exactlyhowmanypeopleexperiencestress-relatedeatingisn'tknown,butastheobesity_______worsens,there'sgrowingscientificinterestinthetopic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peregrination

B.origination

C.epidemic

D.fragrance

【答案】C

【解析】peregrination游歷,旅行;origination起源;epidemic（風(fēng)尚等的）流行,傳染病;fragrance芬芳,香氣。句意：到底有多少人經(jīng)歷過在壓力下進(jìn)食還不清楚,但是隨著肥胖的流行越來越嚴(yán)重,人們對(duì)這個(gè)話題的科學(xué)興趣也越來越大。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

16.單選題

Hewrotedowntheaddress______heshouldforgetit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.incasenot

B.lest

C.inorderthat

D.offearthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查狀語從句。句意：他寫下了地址，以免忘記。橫線到句尾部分是原因狀語從句。A選項(xiàng)incase“以免”，不加not；B選項(xiàng)lest“以免”；C選項(xiàng)inorderthat“以便”；D選項(xiàng)fear“擔(dān)心”，offearthat不合語法。寫下地址是為了防止忘記和語法正確性，B選項(xiàng)lest“以免”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Althoughthistheorywasneverrigidlydisproved,thedoctrinewasgenerallyabandoned（）theopposingview.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infavorof

B.inplaceof

C.insteadof

D.intermsof

【答案】A

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。infavorof“贊同，支持”；inplaceof“代替”；insteadof“代替，而不是……”；intermsof“在……方面”。句意：盡管這一理論沒有被嚴(yán)格地被反駁過，但是教條會(huì)被拋棄，而轉(zhuǎn)向它的對(duì)立面。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.單選題

Thereissomediscrepancybetweenhisexplanationofthetheoryandyours.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinction

B.discredit

C.disparity

D.disjunction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)distinction“區(qū)別”；B選項(xiàng)discredit“懷疑”；C選項(xiàng)disparity“不一致”；D選項(xiàng)disjunction“分離”。句意：他對(duì)這個(gè)理論的解釋和你的不一致。劃線部分discrepancy是不一致的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

16-20

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisageneticdisorder.

B.Itisarespiratoryconditioninpigs.

C.Itisanillnessfrombirdstohumans.

D.Itisagastricailment.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Eatingpork.

B.Raisingpigs.

C.Eatingchicken.

D.Breedingbirds.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Runningnose.

B.Inappetence.

C.Painsallover.

D.Diarrhea.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tostayfromcrowds.

B.Toseethedoctorimmediately.

C.Toavoidmedications.

D.Togotothenearbyclinic20.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisadebate.

B.ItisaTVprogram.

C.Itisaconsultation.

D.Itisaworkshop.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】W:HellodoctorSmith,(20)welcometoourprogram“HealthJourney”.Couldyoutellussomethingaboutswineflu?

M:Well,(16)it’sacommonrespiratoryailmentinpigsthatdoesn’tusuallyspreadtopeople.

W:Butwhyaresomanypeopleinfected?

M:Unlikemostcases,thisfluvirusappearstobeasub-typenotseenbeforeinhumansorpigs.Ithasgeneticmaterialfrompigs,birdsandhumans,accordingtotheWHO.

W:Thenwhyisitcalledswineflu?Whypigsarethecarriersofthisvirus?

M:Um.Isclosertosaythatpigswerethemixingballsforthisvirus.

W:Whatdoesitmean?

M:Imeanbirdscannotpassbirdflutopeople.Butpigsaresusceptibletogettingfluvirusesthatinfectedbirds.Thevirusinsidetheinfectedpigmightmutatetoaformthatcouldalsoinfectothermammals.

W:Wow,socomplicated.Bytheway,canwecatchswineflufromeatingpork?

M:Actually,illpigsarenotallowedtoenterthemarket.Cookingalsokillsthevirus.(17)Onlypeoplewhoworkwithpigscancatchthevirus.

W:Howdotheyfeelifinfected?

M:(18)Themostcommonsymptomsarefever,fatigue,lackofappetiteandcoughing.Althoughsomepeoplealsodeveloprunnynose,sorethroat,vomitingordiarrhea.

W:Whatshouldwedoifwehavethesesymptoms?

M:(19)Stayhomefromworkorschool.Don’tgetonaplane.Callyourdoctorstoaskaboutthebesttreatment.Don’tsimplyshowupattheclinicorhospitalthatisunpreparedforyourarrival.

W:Say,theantiviralstudy.Howisitgoing?

M:ThisstrainofswinefludoesappearsensitivetotheantiviraldrugsRelenza(瑞樂沙)andTamiflu(達(dá)菲),butnottoAmantadineandRemantadine.

W:We’velearnedalottonight.Thanksforyourcoming.DoctorSmith.

M:It'smypleasure.

16.Whatdoweknowaboutswineflu?

【解析】對(duì)話開始提到豬流感是“一種豬身上很常見的呼吸道疾病，通常不會(huì)傳染給人”。故選B。

17.Whatmaycausepeopletohaveswineflu?

【解析】對(duì)話中男士說“Onlypeoplewhoworkwithpigscancatchthevirus”，只有那些在工作中跟豬接觸的人才會(huì)感染病毒。

18.Accordingtothedialogue,whichisamongthemostcommonsymptomsofswineflu?

【解析】對(duì)話中提到常見癥狀包括“fever,fatigue,lackofappetiteandcoughing”，B選項(xiàng)“食欲不振”正確。

19.Whatdoesthespeakeradvicethesuspectsofswineflutodo?

【解析】對(duì)話中男士給出的建議是不要上學(xué)或去工作，要待在家，并且打電話咨詢醫(yī)生如何治療，而不是立刻去診所或醫(yī)院。

20.Whatcanbesaidofthedialogue?

【解析】對(duì)話開頭便說道“welcometoourprogram‘HealthJourney'”，最后又說學(xué)到很多，感謝對(duì)方到來，可以推測(cè)這是一個(gè)電視節(jié)目。

20.單選題

ThomasPainewascommittedtospeakingthetruthbluntly______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.asheunderstoodit

B.hehadunderstanding

C.wasunderstood

D.thathisunderstandingwas

【答案】A

【解析】考查語法。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，所以空格處應(yīng)該是做修飾的成分。A項(xiàng)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語，表示“按照……”，B項(xiàng)本身不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)；C項(xiàng)不應(yīng)再出現(xiàn)謂語動(dòng)詞was；D項(xiàng)that在引導(dǎo)一個(gè)缺成分的從句，不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：托馬斯?潘恩(ThomasPaine)致力于直言不諱地說出他所理解的真相。故正確答案為A。

21.單選題

TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturismSohaiiInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow'suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon一Westernperspectives.Theiressaysraiseabroadrangeofissues,questioningnearlyeverykeyassumptionwehaveabouthighereducationtoday.

ThemostwidelydiscussedalternativetothetraditionalcampusistheInternetUniversity--avoluntarycommunitytoscholars/teachersphysicallyscatteredthroughoutacountryoraroundtheworldbutalllinkedincyberspace.Acomputerizeduniversitycouldhavemanyadvantages,suchaseasyscheduling,efficientdeliveryoflecturestothousandsorevenmillionsofstudentsatonce,andreadyaccessforstudentseverywheretotheresourcesofalltheworld’sgreatlibraries.

YettheInternetUniversityposesdangers,too.Forexample,alineoffranchisedcourseware,producedbyafewsuperstarteachers,marketedunderthebrandnameofafamousinstitution,andheavilyadvertised,mighteventuallycometodominatetheglobaleducationmarked,warnssociologyprofessorPeterManicasoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork,noteAustraliancommunicationsprofessorsDavidRooneyandGregHearn.

Ontheotherhand,whileglobalconnectivityseemshighlylikelytoplaysomesignificantroleinfuturehighereducation,thatdoesnotmeangreateruniformityincoursecontent-orotherdangers—willnecessarilyfollow.Counter-movementsarealsoatwork.

Manyinacademia,includingscholarscontributingtothisvolume,arequestioningthefundamentalmissionofuniversityeducation.Whatifforinstance,insteadofreceivingprimarilytechnicaltrainingandbuildingtheirindividualcareers,universitystudentsandprofessorscouldfocustheirlearningandresearcheffortsonexistingproblemsintheirlocalcommunitiesandtheworld?FeministscholarIvanaMilojevicdarestodreamwhatauniversitymightbecome“ifwebelievedthatchild-careworkersandteachersinearlychildhoodeducationshouldbeoneofthehighest(ratherthanlowest)paidprofessionals?”

Co-editorJenniferGidleyshowshowtomorrow'suniversityfaculty,insteadofgivinglecturesandconductingindependentresearch,maytakeonthreenewroles.Somewouldactasbrokers,assemblingcustomizeddegree-creditprogrammesforindividualstudentsbymixingandmatchingthebestcourseofferingsavailablefrominstitutionsallaroundtheworld.Asecondgroup,mentors,wouldfunctionmuchliketoday'sfacultyadvisers,butarelikelytobeworkingwithmanymorestudentsoutsidetheirownacademicspecialty.Thiswouldrequirethemtoconstantlybelearningfromtheirstudentsaswellasinstructingthem.

Athirdnewroleforfaculty,andinGidley'sviewthemostchallengingandrewardingofall,wouldbeasmeaning-makers:charismaticsagesandpractitionersleadinggroupsofstudents/colleaguesincollaborativeeffortstofindspiritualaswellasrationalandtechnologicalsolutionstospecificreal-worldproblems.

Moreover,thereseemstitlereasontosupposethatanyoneformofuniversitymustnecessarilydriveoutallotheroptions.Studentsmaybe"enrolled"incoursesofferedatvirtualcampusesontheInternet,between-orevenduring-sessionsatareal-worldproblem-focusedinstitution.

Asco-editorSohailInayatullahpointsoutinhisintroduction,nofutureisinevitable,andtheveryactofimaginingandthinkingthroughalternativepossibilitiescandirectlyaffecthowthoughtfully,creativelyandurgentlyevenadominanttechnologyisadaptedandapplied.Eveninacademia,thefuturebelongstothosewhocareenoughtoworktheirvisionsintopractical,sustainablerealities.

1.WhenthebookreviewerdiscussestheInternetUniversity,（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTseenasapotentialoftheInternetUniversity?

3.Accordingtothereview,whatisthefundamentalmissionoftraditionaluniversityeducation?

4.Judgingfromthethreenewrolesenvisionedfortomorrow’suniversityfaculty,universityteachers

（

）.

5.Whichcategoryofwritingdoesthereviewbelongto?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.heisinfavourofit

B.hisviewisbalanced

C.heisslightlycriticalofit

D.heisstronglycriticalofit

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Internet-basedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalones.

B.Teachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobs.

C.Internet-basedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontent.

D.TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Knowledgelearningandcareerbuilding.

B.Learninghowtosolveexistingsocialproblems.

C.Researchingintosolutionstocurrentworldproblems.

D.Combiningresearcheffortsofteachersandstudentsinlearning

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.arerequiredtoconductmoreindependentresearch.

B.arerequiredtooffermorecoursestotheirstudents

C.aresupposedtoassumemoredemandingduties

D.aresupposedtosupervisemorestudentsintheirspecialty

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Narration

B.Description

C.Persuasion

D.Exposition

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)原文可知，第二段講到了網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，第三段提到，網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)也帶來了危險(xiǎn)，由此可知，他們的態(tài)度是客觀的不偏不倚的，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork.除了實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化課程，這種‘盒子里的大學(xué)教育’可能會(huì)以低于許多傳統(tǒng)實(shí)體院校的價(jià)格出售資料，有效地迫使它們停業(yè)，并導(dǎo)致數(shù)千名職業(yè)學(xué)者失業(yè)?！边x項(xiàng)A“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)課程可能比傳統(tǒng)課程更便宜”符合原文；選項(xiàng)B“傳統(tǒng)學(xué)校的教師可能會(huì)失業(yè)”正確；選項(xiàng)C“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)課件在課程內(nèi)容上可能缺乏多樣性”與原文“實(shí)施標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化課程”相符，只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有提及，所以本題選D。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容“學(xué)術(shù)界的許多人，包括撰寫本卷的學(xué)者，都在質(zhì)疑大學(xué)教育的根本使命。例如，如