考研考博-英語-廈門安防科技職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門安防科技職業(yè)學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thegeneralmanagerofourcompanyisagoodlistener.Healways（）ourproposalsenthusiastically.

問題1選項

A.takesin

B.takeson

C.takesup

D.takesto

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項takesin“接受，吸收，領會，欺騙”；B選項takeson“承擔，呈現，具有”；C選項takesup“拿起，開始從事，占據（時間，地方）”；D選項takesto“喜歡，走向”。句意：我們公司的總經理是個善于傾聽的人。他總是熱情地（）我們的建議。根據題意，可以推測出，總經理是個善于傾聽的人，所以他會熱情地接受我們的建議，因此A選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Californiahasmorelightthanitknow________todowithbuteverythingelseisexpensive.

問題1選項

A.how

B.what

C.which

D.where

【答案】B

【解析】考查從句引導詞。句意：加利福尼亞只有陽光多得不知怎么處理，而其余所有東西都很貴。分析句子成分than作連詞連接兩個句子，第二個句子it指代加州，know作謂語，后面接的是賓語。

3.單選題

Johnwasnotselected（）;hewaschosenforthejobbecausehehadthemostexperience.

問題1選項

A.deliberately

B.alternatively

C.momentously

D.arbitrarily

【答案】D

【解析】副詞辨析。句意：John并不是被（）選擇的；他被選來承擔這份工作是因為他擁有的工作經驗最豐富。

deliberately故意地，謹慎地，慎重地；alternatively非此即彼，二者擇一地；momentously重大地；arbitrarily隨意地，武斷地。D選項“隨意地”符合句意。

4.單選題

Idisagreewiththeabhorrentwayyouuseotherpeople.

問題1選項

A.loathsome

B.wholesome

C.disgusted

D.ghastly

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項loathsome“令人厭惡的，討厭的”，B項wholesome“健全的，有益健康的”，C項disgusted“憎惡的，反感的”，D項ghastly“可怕的，慘白的”。句意：我不同意你可惡地利用別人。根據句意可知，abhorrent在句中表示“可惡的”。因此，該題選擇A項。

5.單選題

Wewatchthe（）oftheparachutesallthewayfromtheaircrafttotheground.

問題1選項

A.decline

B.spiral

C.descent

D.sink

【答案】C

【解析】decline衰落；spiral螺旋上升；descend下降；sink下沉，滲透。根據句意可知，降落傘是從飛機上降落到地上，所以選項C符合句意。

6.單選題

NoahWebster'sDictionarywas（）in1828andhasbeenextremelyinfluentialinAmericanlanguageusageeversincethen.

問題1選項

A.thefirstpublished

B.firstpublished

C.thefirsttobepublished

D.tobefirstpublished

【答案】B

【解析】根據句意：這部字典在1828年首次出版,事情已經完成,首先排除選項C和D；選項A不符合句意,所以只有選項B正確。

7.單選題

IntheU.S.88percentofsmokershasstartedbeforetheywere18,despitethefactthatitis（

）tosellcigarettestoanyoneunderthatage.

問題1選項

A.liable

B.liberal

C.irrational

D.illegal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。liable“有責任的，有義務的”；liberal“自由主義的，慷慨的”；irrational“不合理的，無理性的，荒謬的”；illegal“非法的，違法的”。

句意：在美國，88%的煙民十八歲之前就開始抽煙，盡管將煙售賣給未成年人是不合法的。選項D符合題意。

8.單選題

Recently,theUnitedStatesFishandwildlifeServiceannounceditwoulddesignate“criticalhabitat”fortheendangeredjaguarintheUnitedStatesandtakethefirststepstowardcommandingajaguarrecoveryplan.Thisisapolicyreversal(therewaspreciousdecisionfromthemnottodeterminecriticalhabitatforthejaguar)and,onthesurface,itmayappeartobeavictoryfortheconservationcommunityandforjaguars,thelargestwildcatsintheWesternHemisphere.Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.

DesignatingjaguarhabitatmeansthatFishandWildlifemustnowalsoformulatearecoveryplanforthejaguar.Butjaguarshavenotbeenabletoreestablishthemselvesnaturallyoverthepastcentury,thegovernmentwilllikelyhavetogotosignificantexpensetoattempttobringthemback—especiallyifthecatshavetobereintroduced.

Sowhynotdoeverythingwecanatwhatevercost,tobringjaguarsbackintotheUnitedStates?Tobeginwith,theAmericanSouthwestis,atbest,marginalhabitatfortheanimals.Moreimportantly,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder,fromMexicotoArgentina,thousandsofjaguarsliveandbreedintheirtruecriticalhabitat.GovernmentsandconservationgroupsarealreadyworkinghardtoconservejaguarpopulationsandconnectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.

ThejaguarsthatnowandthencrossintotheUnitedStatesmostlikelycomefromthenorthernmostpopulationofjaguars,inSonora,Mexico.Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.

TherecentmovebytheFishandwildlifeServicemeansthatthesparsefederalfundsdevotedtoprotectingwildanimalswillbewastedoneffortsthatcannothelpsavejaguars.Mostimportant,thisalsostandstoweakentheEndangeredSpeciesAct,becauseifcriticalhabitatisredefinedasanyplacewhereaspeciesmighteverhaveexisted,andwhereyouorImightwantittoexistagain,thenthedoorisopenformanyothersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.

TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry’swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone—stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-attractiveendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

7.Toachievejaguarrecovery,authoritiesprobablyneedto（）.

8.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmeasuresshouldwetaketokeepjaguar’snumber?

9.WhatdoestheauthorconcernmostabouttheFishandWildlifeService’snewdecision?

10.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheFishandWildlifeService（）.

問題1選項

A.Designatingcriticalhabitatisavictoryfortheconservationcommunity.

B.Thecriticalhabitatdesignationdoesnotfollowthelawofscience.

C.Todesignatecriticalhabitatisthefirststepofajaguarrecoveryplan.

D.Thecriticalhabitatdesignationshowsthepolicyreversalofanimalprotection.

問題2選項

A.startanewinitiativetoconservejaguar’spopulation

B.raisethenumberofjaguar’scriticalhabitat

C.investasubstantialamountofmoney

D.reversetheiroriginalpolicyofjaguar

問題3選項

A.ToreintroducejaguarsintoAmerica.

B.Toprotectjaguar’struehabitat.

C.ToconstructmorenewhabitatinAmerica.

D.Toinvestmorefederalfundsforjaguars.

問題4選項

A.Thegovernment’sjaguarprotectioneffortsmaybewasted

B.Wemaylosejaguar’struehabitatcompletelyinAmerica.

C.Thismayincurappealstoreintroduceotherlong-lastanimals.

D.Thedefinitionofcriticalhabitatmayhavetoberewritten.

問題5選項

A.failedtoinsistontheircorrectdecision

B.mainlyfocusesonjaguar’sconservation

C.hasformulatedaplanforjaguar’sreintroduction

D.spendsmoremoneytopreservejaguarthanithas

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】6.判斷推理題。根據題干關鍵詞定位到第一段Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.（但是作為一個研究了近三十年的美洲虎的人，我可以告訴你，這不過是對好科學的一記耳光。）前面作者說到，“表面上是一個勝利”，而后一句就否定了，因此在作者看來他是不支持這個新棲息地指定的，因此B選項“關鍵棲息地的指定并不遵循科學規(guī)律”正確。A選項“指定關鍵棲息地是保護團體的勝利”，作者認為這只是表面的；C選項“確定關鍵棲息地是美洲豹恢復計劃的第一步”，作者沒有說明；D選項“關鍵棲息地的確定表明了動物保護政策的逆轉”，這是作者的反諷。

7.判斷推理題。在第三段中Moreimportantly,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder...connectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.（更重要的是，有更好的方法來幫助美洲虎。從墨西哥到阿根廷，我們邊界以南，成千上萬的美洲虎生活在它們真正重要的棲息地，它們生活和繁殖。各國政府和保護組織已經在努力保護美洲虎種群，并通過一項名為“捷豹走廊”的倡議，將它們相互聯(lián)系起來。）以及后面的weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.（我們應該幫助墨西哥和其他美洲虎國家保護這些動物真正的棲息地，而不是要求美洲虎返回我國。）可以看出，在作者看來現在最關鍵的是這個政策并不對，因此D選項“改變他們原來對美洲虎的政策”正確。A選項“開始一項保護美洲虎種群的新計劃”，這個是正在做的，而不是作者的觀點；B選項“增加美洲虎的關鍵棲息地數量”，是作者所不同意的，作者認為重點不是數量，而是找到真正適合它們居住的地方；C選項“投資一大筆錢”，這個是之后可能會需要的，而不是當務之急。

8.判斷推理題。B選項“保護美洲虎真正的棲息地”在倒數第三段Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.（我們應該幫助墨西哥和其他美洲虎國家保護這些動物真正的棲息地，而不是要求美洲虎返回我國。）因此B選項符合題意。A選項“將美洲虎重新引入美洲”在剛剛這句話中已經否定了，Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry（而不是要求美洲虎返回我國）；因此C選項在“美國建造更多的新棲息地”，也是不正確的；D選項“為美洲虎投入更多的聯(lián)邦資金”，這個是有提到，但是并沒有說是現在Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-attractiveendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.（否則，當需要資金來保護排在后面的所有這些小的、丑陋的、不吸引人的瀕危物種時，可能就沒有錢了。）

9.判斷推理題。根據題干關鍵詞定位到倒數第二段Mostimportant,thisalsostandstoweakenthe...othersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.（最重要的是，這也會削弱《瀕危物種法》，因為如果將關鍵棲息地重新定義為某個物種可能存在的任何地方，并且你或我可能希望它再次存在，那么，這扇門將為許多其他毫無意義的努力打開，以找回長期丟失的生物。）而在作者看來棲息地的定義非常重要，因為這就決定了美洲虎可以在什么地方被保護，因此他認為這項新決定最大的影響就是改變了棲息地的定義，因此D選項“關鍵棲息地的定義可能必須重寫”正確。A選項“政府保護美洲虎的努力可能白費了”，過于籠統(tǒng)；B選項“我們可能會在美國完全失去美洲虎真正的棲息地”，這不是作者的觀點；C選項“這可能招致重新引進其他壽命較長的動物的呼吁”，無關項。

10.判斷推理題。根據題干關鍵詞定位到到最后一段第一句TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry’swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone—stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.（負責保護國家野生動物的魚類和野生動物官員需要培養(yǎng)一個更強壯的骨干，堅持他們原來正確的決定，并為更有用的保護工作節(jié)省資金。）通過這句話我們可以發(fā)現，他們應該是之前沒有能夠堅持正確的決定，因此A選項“未能堅持自己的正確決定”正確。B選項“主要關注美洲虎的保護”沒有體現；C選項“已經為美洲虎的重新引入制定了計劃”，錯誤；D選項“花在保護美洲虎上的錢比實際的要多”，與文章正好相反。

9.單選題

TheAmericansdifferfromtheChineseintheirabilityto________conversationswithstrangers.

問題1選項

A.holdback

B.enterinto

C.pickup

D.turndown

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項“隱瞞，退縮，抑制，阻止”；B選項“進入”；C選項“撿起，獲得，收拾”；D選項“調小，拒絕”。句意：美國人和中國人在與（）陌生人交談的能力上有所不同。根據關鍵詞：conversationswithstrangers，搭配最準確的是enterinto所以答案選B。

10.單選題

ThedeathofhisfathergavehimaWholenew（）onlife：nowhespendsmoretimewithhisfamily.

問題1選項

A.perspective

B.euphemism

C.conformation

D.providence

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。perspective“觀點”；euphemism“委婉語”；conformation“構造”；providence“天意，深謀遠慮”。句意：他父親的死亡給了他一個對生活的新觀點：現在他要花更多的時間在家庭上。選項A符合題意。

11.單選題

Comte'sphilosophicalsuccessor,whocarriedonbothhisphenomenalistandpresentationalistphilosophyintothesocialarenaofpoliticsandethics,wasJohnStuartMill.ButfirstwemustturntoanevengreaterinfluenceonMill'sviews,oneoftheleadingradicalreformersofthenineteenthcentury,JeremyBentham.

BorninLondon,thesonofaleadingattorney,BenthamwasachildprodigywhobeganstudyinghistoryandLatinattheageofthree.AttwelveheenteredQueen'sCollegeinOxfordandearnedhisB.A.inthreeyearsandhisM.A.twoyearslaterattheageofseventeen.Hisfatherexpectedhimtobecomeapracticinglawyer,butBenthamwasfarmoreinterestedinthephilosophicalfoundationsofethics,morality,andlegaltheory.HetraveledwidelythroughoutEuropeandwrotehisfirstessayoneconomicsinRussia.In1792hebecameacitizenofFrance.

Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.Hewentontopublishseveralbooksonpoliticalandlegaltheory,butitwashisIntroductiontothePrinciplesofMoralsandLegislationthatmadehimapowerfulandinfluentialinternationalfigure.InhisPrincipleshelaidthegroundworkforutilitarianism;asdevelopedbyMill(whomweshallconsiderinthenextsection),histheoryisstilltodayoneoftheleadingmoraltheoriesintheworld.

Benthamdefineshisprincipleofutilityas"thatpropertyinanyobjectwherebyittendstoproducepleasure,goodorhappiness,ortopreventthehappeningofmischief,pain,evilorunhappinesstothepartywhoseinterestisconsidered".AccordingtoBentham,thisprincipletakesaccountofthetwomainmotivesforallhumanaction—painandpleasure.Governments,social,politicalandlegalinstitutions,aswellasindividualcitizens,shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.Sinceleadersaswellasindividualsarethusmorallyboundtofollowthesameuniversalprincipleandonethatisreadilyaccessibletoeveryone—weallknowwhatpainandpleasureare—therecanbenomanipulation,throughrhetoric,oftheweakbythepowerful.InBentham'ssystemweareeachourownbestjudgeastohowbesttoliveandattainhappiness.

Heopenlycalledfortherejectionofallmonarchiesandestablishedchurches,claimingthat"allgovernmentisinitselfonevastevil."Theonlyjustificationforputtingsuchevilintoplacewouldbetopreventsomegreaterevil;governmentsshouldthereforeneverstrayfromtheprincipleofutility—thegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumber.AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.

1.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby"scalesfellfromeyes"inthethirdparagraph?

2.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainthequotesinthefourthparagraphofBentham'sdefinitionofprincipleofutility?

3.HowdidBenthaminfluencetheworldaccordingtothepassage?

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelyfollowthispassage?

問題1選項

A.Hiseyeswerefulloftears.

B.Hiseyesbecamesmaller.

C.Hewasenlightened.

D.Hecouldseeclearly.

問題2選項

A.Utilitycanberegardedasaqualitywhichislikelytobringhappinessorstoptheoccurrenceofunhappinesstointerestedparties.

B.Utilityisakindofpossessionbywhichconcernedpeoplecangethappinessandavoidunhappiness.

C.Theprincipleofutilityistheprincipleofthegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.

D.Theprincipleofutilityisthebeliefthatthevalueofathingoranactionisdeterminedbyitsutility.

問題3選項

A.Heinfluencedthephilosophersinthewholeworld.

B.Hecontributedtooverthrowingallthemonarchiesandchurches.

C.Histheoryhaschangedthemoralvalueofthemodemworld.

D.Themoralfoundationtomanymoderndemocraciestracesbacktohistheory.

問題4選項

A.BenthamhadgreatinfluenceonLockeandHume,aswellasonMill.

B.BothBenthamandMillwereComte'sphilosophicalsuccessors.

C.Bentham'sfatherwasdisappointedthathedidn'tbecomeanattorney.

D.BenthamcontributedmorethanMilltothefoundationofutilitarianism.

問題5選項

A.TheintroductionofJohnStuartMill.

B.TheintroductionofComte.

C.TheintroductionofHume.

D.Theintroductionofutilitarianism.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段第一句，“Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.WhenhereadHume'sTreatiseandHumanNaturehesaiditwasasifscalesfellfromeyes.”，可知邊沁的主要哲學影響是Locke和Hume。當他讀到Hume的《論人的本性》時，他說這就像從眼睛上掉下來的鱗片。可判斷出Hume給他帶來了很大的影響。選項C符合題意。

2.推斷題。根據文章第四段，“…shouldfollowtheGreatestHappinessPrinciple:choosethatcourseofactionthatleadstothegreatesthappinessforthegreatestnumberofpeople.”，可知它遵循最大的幸福原則：選擇能為大多數人帶來最大幸福的行動方式?？膳袛喑鲂в迷瓌t是為大多數人帶來最大幸福的原則。選項C符合題意。

3.推斷題。根據文章第四段，“Hisutilitarianism,designedtofreepeoplefromoppressivelawsandtomakegoverningbodiesmoral,providedafoundationtomanydemocraticsocieties.”，可知他的功利主義，旨在將人民從壓迫性的法律中解放出來，并使管理機構具有道德，為許多民主社會提供了基礎?？膳袛喑鲈S多現代民主國家的道德基礎可以追溯到他的理論。選項D符合題意。

4.根據文章第三段，“Bentham'smainphilosophicalinfluenceswereLockeandHume.”，可知邊沁的哲學思想受到了Locke和Hume的影響，并沒有受到Mill的影響，選項A不符合文意，可排除。根據史實，Bentham的思想先于Comte產生，選項B可排除。根據文章第二段，提到邊沁的父親希望他成為律師，只是闡述了事實，并沒有提及父親的想法和情感。選項C可排除。選項D符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據文章最后一句，“AmongBentham'smanydisciples,themostfamousisJohnStuartMill,whofurtherdevelopedutilitarianismbutalongratherdifferentlines.”，可知在邊沁的眾多弟子中，最著名的是約翰?斯圖亞特?密爾，他進一步發(fā)展了功利主義，但卻走了截然不同的路。可判斷出下文最可能繼續(xù)介紹Mill以及他的主要思想。選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

Thegovernmenthaslicensedthiscompanytoproduceweapons.

問題1選項

A.suddenlyhired

B.recentlyfounded

C.legallypermitted

D.scarcelypurchased

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞和動詞辨析。A選項suddenlyhired“突然雇傭”；B選項recentlyfounded“最近發(fā)現”；C選項legallypermitted“法律上允許”；D選項scarcelypurchased“很少購買”。句意：政府已經批準這家公司生產武器。劃線部分licensed是批準的意思。因此C選項正確。

13.單選題

（）,overthemonths,webegantogettoknowhim.

問題1選項

A.Onceinawhile

B.Fromtimetotime

C.Everynowandthen

D.Littlebylittle

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。onceinawhile“偶爾，有時”；fromtimetotime“不時，有時”；everynowandthen“不時地，常常”；littlebylittle“漸漸，逐漸地”。句意：經過幾個月時間，我們漸漸地了解了他。由overthemonths,以及begantoknow可知D項“漸漸地”符合題意。

14.單選題

Theyarewell（）witheachothersincetheyoncestudiedatthesameuniversity.

問題1選項

A.identified

B.recognized

C.acquainted

D.acknowledged

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。beidentifiedwith表示“支持；與……有密切相關”；recognize表示“承認，認可”，常與as構成固定搭配berecognizedas表示“被認為，被當作”，有時也與with構成搭配berecognizedwith表示“被識別出，被承認”；beacquaintedwith表示“了解；知曉（某事）；熟悉”，beacknowledgedwith表示“被承認，被認可”。根據句意可知，因為他們曾經在同所大學中學習過，所以彼此很熟悉。此時since引導原因狀語從句，因此，只有C項最符合固定搭配以及句意，故本題正確答案為C選項。

15.單選題

Appliedresearch,_______tosolvespecificpracticalproblems,hasanimmediateattractivenessbecausetheresultscanbeseenandenjoyed.

問題1選項

A.formulated

B.undertaken

C.attained

D.accomplished

【答案】B

【解析】formulated按配方制造;undertaken從事,保證;attained獲得;accomplished完成。句意：采用應用研究來解決實際問題具有直接的吸引力,因為它的結果是可以看到和享受的。選項B符合句意,

16.翻譯題

繼續(xù)推進農村稅費改革，減輕農民負擔，保護農民利益。

1996年，世界上海拔最高的現代化的、多功能的大型圖書館西藏自治區(qū)圖書館建成開館。

中國不尋求霸權或支配世界事務，而是倡導建立國際政治經濟新秩序。

不堅決懲治腐敗，黨同人民群眾的血肉聯(lián)系就會受到嚴重損害，黨的執(zhí)政地位就有喪失的危險，黨就有可能走向自我毀滅。

維護祖國統(tǒng)一事關中華民族的根本利益。中國人民將義無反顧地捍衛(wèi)國家主權和領土完整，絕不允許任何人以任何方式把臺灣從中國分裂出去。

【答案】Continuetopushforwardthereformofruraltaxesandfees,toalleviatefarmers’burdensandprotecttheinterestsofthefarmers.

In1996,alargemodemandmulti-functionallibraryofthehighestelevationintheworld,namelytheTibetAutonomousRegionLibrary,wasbuiltandopened.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyordominanceoverworldaffairs,butadvocatestoestablishanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Withoutresolutelypunishingcorruption,theflesh-bloodrelationshipbetweenourPartyandthepeoplewillbeseverelydamaged,therulingstatusofourPartyruntheriskoflossandourPartyislikelytoheadtowardself-destruction.

TosafeguardnationalunitybearsonthefundamentalinterestoftheChinesenation.WeChinesepeoplewillsafeguardourstatesovereigntyandterritorialintegritywithfirmresolve.WewillneverallowanyonetoseparateTaiwanfromChinainanyway.

17.單選題

Thereisnodoubt______thecompanyhasmadetherightdecisiononthesalesproject.

問題1選項

A.why

B.that

C.whether

D.when

【答案】B

【解析】考查同位語從句。doubt后面的that為同位語從句的引導詞，修飾doubt。doubt引導的主從復合句中，用否定式時后面的引導詞只能是that。相反如果doubt引導肯定意義的主從復合句中，引導詞要用whether。句意：毫無疑問，公司對銷售項目的決定是正確的。

18.翻譯題

六十整歲望七十如攀高山。不料七十歲居然過了。七十歲開始可以諸事不做而拿退休金，不愁沒有一碗飯吃，自由自在，自得其樂。要看書可以隨便亂翻。金庸、梁羽生、克里斯蒂、松本淸張，從前哪能拜讀？現在可以了。隨看隨忘，便仍在一邊。無憂無慮，無人打擾，不必出門而自有天地。真是無限風光在老年。

偶爾有人來，不論男女老少認識不認識，天南地北，天上地下，天文地理，談天說地，百無禁忌。我的話匣子一開，激光磁盤便響個不停，滔滔不絕。無奈我閑人忙，聽眾逐漸稀少，終于門庭冷落，只剩下一屋子廣闊天地,任我獨往獨來，隨意揮灑。

【答案】AttheageofsixtyIlongedforalifespanofseventy,agoalasdifficultasasummittobereached.WhowouldexpectthatIhadreached?AttheageofseventyIbeganmyretirement,inwhichIcanrelyonmyold-agepensionforaliving,freefrommyburdenoftheboringroutinesIusedtobear,andleadalifecarefreeandcontended.AsforreadingIcan,now,chooseatmyownwilltothumbthroughanythingtowhileawaythetime.IcanfindtimetoreadanythingthatIdidn’tusedto,forinstance,suchtime-killersasthosecreatedbyJinYong,LiangYusheng,ChristieandSeichoMatsummoto.Idon’thavetokeeptheminmindandquitthemasIseefit.Therebeingnoworryanddisturbance,Ineednottravelfarinmyownworldsovast.Trueitisthatthemostsplendidviewmaybefoundinoldage!

OccasionallyIhadsomevisitors,maleorfemale,oldoryoung,acquaintedandunacquainted.Wecouldchatabouteverythinginthenorthorinthesouth,inthespaceoratthecore,relatedtotaboosforusatall.WheneverIbroketheiceIbegantopourmywords,inaflowofeloquence,ascontinuouslyasalaserdisc.Unfortunately,Iwasjoblesswhiletheyweresobusythattheyalmostmeltedawayuntilfewknockscameatthedoorandtheworldbecamevacantagain.NowIalonecanoccupyitandgomyownway.

19.填空題

Itispreciselythiskindofconversationwhichisofimportancewhenweareseekingtodevelopourreadingtomeetthenewdemandsbeingplaceduponusbystudyingatahigherlevel.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Bwhich改為that

【解析】【考查點】強調句。

【解題思路】Itis…that…為強調句，此題強調這種對話的重要性，引導詞用that。

【句意】當我們想方設法提高閱讀能力，以匹配更高的學習水平和隨之而來的新要求時，這種對話尤為重要。

20.單選題

TheEnglishnovelistWilliamThackerayconsideredthecultofthecriminalsodangerousthathecriticizedDickens’OliverTwistformakingthecharactersinthethieves’kitchenso（

）.

問題1選項

A.threatening

B.riveting

C.conniving

D.fearsome

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。threatening“危險的；脅迫的；兇兆的”；riveting“非常迷人的；吸引人的”；conniving“縱容的；默許的”；fearsome“可怕的；害怕的”。句意：英國小說家威廉?薩克雷認為對罪犯的狂熱崇拜是相當危險的，所以他批評狄更斯的《霧都孤兒》讓小偷廚房中的人物是如此吸引人。由consideredthecultofthecriminalsodangerous可知B項符合語境。正是由于作品中塑造的人物具有吸引力才讓人崇拜。

21.單選題

Tomakeiteasiertoreturnanypurchases,savetheoriginalpackaging,especiallyforelectronicandhousehold（）.

問題1選項

A.instruments

B.facilities

C.appliances

D.equipment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。instrument“工具，樂器”；facility“設施，設備”；appliance“器具，裝置”；equipment“設備，裝備”。句意：為了退貨方便，需要保留原來的包裝，尤其是電子產品和家用電器。選項C符合題意。

22.單選題

Thegovernmenthasdecidedto

aninvestigationintotheincreaseindeathsfromdrugs.

問題1選項

A.initiate

B.generate

C.conspire

D.negotiate

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。initiate“開始，創(chuàng)造”；generate“使形成”；conspire“共謀，協(xié)力”；negotiate“談判，交涉”。句意：政府決定對毒品致死人數的增加進行調查。選項A符合題意。

23.翻譯題

“Intelligence”atbestisanassumptiveconstructthemeaningofthewordhasneverbeenclear.(1)Thereismoreagreementonthekindsofbehaviorreferredtobythetermthanthereisonhowtointerpretorclassifythem.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatapersonofhighintelligenceisonewhocangraspideasreadily,makedistinctions,reasonlogically,andmakeuseofverbalandmathematicalsymbolsinsolvingproblems.Anintelligencetestisaroughmeasureofachild’scapacityforlearning,particularlyforlearningthekindsofthingsrequiredinschool.Itdoesnotmeasurecharacter,socialadjustment,physicalendurance,manualskills,orartisticabilities.Itisnotsupposedto—itwasnotdesignedforsuchpurposes.(2)Tocriticizeitforsuchfailureisroughly,comparabletocriticizingathermometerfornotmeasuringwindvelocity.

Theotherthingwehavetonoticeis/thattheassessmentoftheintelligenceofanysubjectisessentiallyacomparativeaffair.(3)Nowsincetheassessmentofintelligenceisacomparativematterwemustbesurethatthescalewithwhichwearecomparingoursubjectsprovidesa“valid”or“fair”comparison.Itisherethatsomeofthedifficultieswhichinterestusbegin.Anytestperformedinvolvesatleastthreefactors:theintentiontodoone’sbest,theknowledgerequiredforunderstandingwhatyouhavetodo,andtheintellectualabilitytodoit(4)Thefirsttwomustbeequalforallwhobeingcompared)ifanycomparisonintermsofintelligenceistobemade.Inschoolpopulationsinourculturetheseassumptionscanbemadefairandreasonable,andthevalueofintelligencetestinghasbeenprovedthoroughly.Isvalueliesofcourse,initsprovidingasatisfactorybasisforprediction.Nooneisintheleastinterestedinthemarksalittlechildgetsonhistest;whatweareinterestediniswhetherwecanconcludefromhismarkonthetestthatthechildwilldobetterorworsethanchildrenofthisageattaskswhichwethinkrequire“generalintelligence”.(5)Onthewholesuchaconclusioncanbedrawnwithacertaindegreeofconfidencebutonlyifthechildcanbeassumedtohavehadthesameattitude/towardsthetestastheotherwithwhomheisbeingcompared;andonlyifhewasnotpunishedbylack,ofrelevantinformationwhichtheypossessed.

【答案】1.人們對與智能有關的各種行為，比對這些行為如何進行解釋和分類，看法更不一致。

2.批評智力測試不反映上述情況，就猶如批評溫度計不測風速一樣。

3.既然對智力的評估是比較而言的，那么我們必須確保，在對我們的對象進行比較時，我們所用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公平的”比較。

4.如果要從智力方面進行任何比較的話，那么對所有被比較者來說，前兩個因素必須是一樣的。

5.總的來說，得出這種結論是有一定程度把握的，但是必須具備兩個條件：能夠假定這個孩子對測試的態(tài)度和與他比較的其他孩子的態(tài)度相同；他也沒有因為缺乏別的孩子所具有的有關知識而被扣分。

24.單選題

JohnaskedMary（）forherelectronicdictionary.

問題1選項

A.didshepayhowmuch

B.shepaidhowmuch

C.howmuchdidshepay

D.howmuchshepaid

【答案】D

【解析】考查賓語從句的用法?？崭裉幩诰渥訛橘e語從句，從句的語序應為：疑問詞+主語+謂語。故D項正確。句意：John問Mary買的電子詞典多少錢。

25.單選題

ThatLouiseNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecausethegreatestresistancetowomenartistshasbeen,untilrecently,inthefieldofsculpture.SinceNeolithictimes,sculpturehasbeenconsideredtheprerogativeofmen,partly,perhaps,forpurelyphysicalreasons;itwaserroneouslyassumedthatwomenwerenotsuitedforthehardmanuallaborrequiredinsculptingstone,carvingwood,orworkinginmetal.Ithasbeenonlyduringthetwentiethcenturythatwomensculptorshavebeenrecognizedasmajorartists,andithasbeenintheUnitedStates,especiallysincethedecadesofthefiftiesandsixties,thatwomensculptorshaveshownthegreatestoriginalityandcreativepower.TheirrisetoprominenceparallelsthedevelopmentofsculptureitselfintheUnitedStates;whiletherehadbeenafewtalentedsculptorsintheUnitedStatesbeforethe1940,itwasonlyafter1945——whenNewYorkwasrapidlybecomingtheartcapitaloftheworld——thatmajorsculpturewasproducedintheUnitedStates.Someofthebestwastheworkofwomen.

ByfarthemostoutstandingofthesewomenisLouiseNevelson,whointheeyesofmanycriticsisthemostoriginalfemaleartistalivetoday.Onefamousandinfluentialcritic,HiltonKramer,saidofherwork.“Formyself,IthinkMs.Nevelsonsucceedswherethepaintersoftenfail.”

HerworkshavebeencomparedtotheCubistconstructionsofPicasso,theSurrealisticobjectsofMiro,andtheMerzbauofSchwitters.Nevelsonwouldbethefirsttoadmitthatshehasbeeninfluencedbyallofthese,aswellasbyAfricansculpture,andbyNativeAmericanandpre-Columbianart,butshehasabsorbedalltheseinfluencesandstillcreatedadistinctiveartthatexpressestheurbanlandscapeandtheaestheticsensibilityofthetwentiethcentury.Nevelsonsays,“Ihavealwayswantedtoshowtheworldthatartiseverywhere,exceptthatithastopassthroughacreativemind.”

Usingmostlydiscardedwoodenobjectslikepackingcrates,brokenpiecesoffurniture,andabandonedarchitecturalornaments,allofwhichshehashoardedforyears,sheassemblesarchitecturalconstructionsofgreatbeautyandpower.Creatingveryfreelywithnosketches,shegluesandnailsobjectstogether,paintsthemblack,ormorerarelywhiteorgold,andplacestheminboxes.Theseassemblages,walls,evenentireenvironmentscreateamysterious,almostawe-inspiringatmosphere.Althoughshehas