考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北海職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北海職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

中國(guó)作為一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家，面臨著發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)和保護(hù)環(huán)境的雙重任務(wù)。然而，我國(guó)人口眾多，資源相對(duì)不足，經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模越來(lái)越大，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與資源和環(huán)境之間的矛盾日益突出。環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重，生態(tài)狀況惡化、資源耗費(fèi)巨大、回收率低而導(dǎo)致環(huán)境破壞等問(wèn)題，已成為中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)保持可持續(xù)發(fā)展的瓶頸。

從國(guó)情出發(fā)，中國(guó)在全面推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程中，已將環(huán)境保護(hù)視為一項(xiàng)基本國(guó)策，將實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展視為一項(xiàng)重要戰(zhàn)略，同時(shí)在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)開(kāi)展污染防治工作和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)活動(dòng)，環(huán)境惡化的狀況基本得到了控制。實(shí)踐證明，我們協(xié)調(diào)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護(hù)兩者之間關(guān)系的做法是行之有效的。人類(lèi)發(fā)展只有合理地利用自然界，與自然界保持和諧關(guān)系，才能維持和發(fā)展人類(lèi)所創(chuàng)造的文明，才能與自然界共生共榮、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。中國(guó)作為國(guó)際社會(huì)的成員，在努力保護(hù)自己環(huán)境的同時(shí)，還積極參與國(guó)際環(huán)保事務(wù)，促進(jìn)國(guó)際環(huán)保合作，并認(rèn)真履行國(guó)際義務(wù)。所有這些都充分表明了中國(guó)政府和人民保護(hù)全球環(huán)境的誠(chéng)意和決心。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Asadevelopingcountry,Chinaisconfrontedwiththedualtaskofdevelopingitseconomyandprotectingitsenvironment.However,acountrywithalargepopulation,relativeinsufficiencyofnaturalresourcesandanexpandingeconomy,Chinasuffersanincreasinglysignificantdisparitybetweeneconomicdevelopmentandnaturalresourcesandtheenvironment.Theseriousenvironmentalproblemcausedbyseverepollution,deterioratingecologicalconditions,hugeconsumptionofresourcesandlowreclamationhasalreadybecomeabottleneckforthesustainabledevelopmentoftheChineseeconomy.

Proceedingfromitsactualconditions,Chinahas,intheprocessofpromotingitsoverallmodernizationprogram,madeenvironmentalprotectiononeofitsbasicstatepolicies,regardedtherealizationofsustainedeconomicdevelopmentasanimportantstrategyandmeanwhile,carriedoutnationwidecampaignsforpollutionpreventionandtreatmentaswellasenvironmentandecologyconservation,theconditionsofenvironmentaldegradationhavebeencontrolledfundamentally.Practiceshowsthatourpracticeofcoordinatingtherelationshipbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalprotectioniseffective.Onlyifmanmakesreasonableuseofnatureandkeepsaharmoniousrelationshipwithitintheprocessofdevelopmentcanthecivilizationcreatedbyhimbemaintainedanddeveloped,canhesharesubsistenceandglorywithnatureanddevelopwithnatureinacoordinatingway.Asamemberoftheinternationalcommunity,China,whilemakinggreateffortstoprotectitsownenvironment,hastakenanactivepartininternationalenvironmentalaffairs,striventopromoteinternationalcooperationinthefieldofenvironmentalprotection,andearnestlyfulfilleditsinternationalobligations.AllthosehavegivenfullexpressiontothesincerityanddeterminationoftheChinesegovernmentandpeopletoprotecttheglobalenvironment.

2.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Researchersdisagreeonwhetherthe“useitorloseit”philosophyholdsforcognitiveaging,butthereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines.AtPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,SherryWillisandherhusband,K.WarnerSchaie,havestudied5000people,somesince1956.Peopleluckyenoughtoavoidchronicdiseasesmayalsofarebetterinintellectualfunction,theyfind,perhapsbecausechronicdiseasescanrestrictlifestyleandreducementalstimulation.Similarly,thoseluckyenoughtoberelativelyaffluentalsofarebetter,perhapsbecausemoneycanbuyintellectuallystimulatingthingsliketravel.

Educationhelpstoo.Researcherssaybecauseitinstillstheconvictionthatyoucanalwayslearnsomethingnew.TheSchaie-Willisteamalsohassomeotherobservations.Beinginastablemarriagewithastimulatingspouse,theysay,helpsmaintainintellectualvigor.

Flexibilitycountstoo.Peoplewhostaymentallyvibrantareoftenthosewhodonotinsistthat“theymustdothingstodayastheydidbefore”Schaiesays.Inneuropsychologicalterms,theabilitytoseeproblemsinnewwaysoftenyieldshigherscoresontestsofmentalfunction.Andpeoplesatisfiedwithlifealsostaymorementallyfit,hesays.

Ifyoufindyourmentalskillssagging,considerworkingonspecificdeficits.WhenWillisgave5-hourstutorialsoninductivereasoningorspatialskillstoabout200peoplewhoseskillshaddeclinedintheprevious14years,40percentregainedlostabilities.Thatadvantageheldupsevenyearslatewhentheywereretested.

Otherwaystostaysharp,Schaiesays,aredoingjigsawpuzzlestohonevisuo-spatialskills,workingcrosswordpuzzlesforverbalskills,andplayingbridgeformemoryandsimplymatchingwitsathomewithplayersonTVgameshows.

Finally,rememberthis.Eventhoughyoumaylosesomementalskillswithnormalaging,youalsogaininonekeyarea:wisdom.Thegrowthofwisdomcontinuesthroughoutthe40s,50sandeven60s.

1.Inthepassage,theauthormainlydiscusses（）.

2.Theword“it”inthesaying“useitorloseit”(paragraph1)refersto（）.

3.Accordingtotheresearchers,whichofthefollowingfactorsaffectscognitiveaging?

4.Fromthispassagewemaysafelyinferthat（）mighthelppreventmentaldeclines.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,allofthefollowingcantrulybesaidaboutwisdomEXCEPTthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theroleofmentalstimulationinpreventingmentalaging

B.graduallossofmentalskillswithnormalaging

C.therelationshipbetweenmentalfunctionandspatialskills

D.effectivewaystokeepintellectualvigor

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.brainpower

B.cognitivedevelopment

C.mentalsimulating

D.intellectualfunction

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Education

B.Chronicillness

C.Standardofliving

D.Alloftheabove

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.physicalexercises

B.socialinterconnections

C.rigiddailyroutines

D.ahealthydiet

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.wisdommaybethoughtofasaspecialformofabilitiesandknowledgecompletelydevelopedwithlifeexperience

B.wisdommaystillgrowevenwhentheprocessofmentalagingstarted

C.wisdomissuperiorinimportancetomentalskillssuchinductivereasoningandspatialskills

D.wisdommakesupanimportantpartofbrainpower

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“thereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines有證據(jù)表明，保持思維活躍可以減緩與年齡有關(guān)的衰退”，可知A項(xiàng)與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“智力的刺激在防止智力老化方面的作用”；B項(xiàng)“隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)心智能力逐漸喪失”，與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“智力功能和空間技能之間的關(guān)系”，與原文不符；D項(xiàng)“保持智力活力的有效方式”，與原文不符，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Researchersdisagreeonwhetherthe‘useitorloseit’philosophyholdsforcognitiveaging,butthereisoneevidencethatkeepingmentallyactivecanslowage-relateddeclines.研究人員對(duì)‘要么使用它，要么失去它’的理論是否適用于認(rèn)知老化持不同意見(jiàn)，但有證據(jù)表明，保持思維活躍可以減緩與年齡有關(guān)的衰退?！笨赏浦猧t在這里指代“智力的能力”。A項(xiàng)“腦力”；B項(xiàng)“認(rèn)知的發(fā)展”；C項(xiàng)“腦力的模擬”；D項(xiàng)“智力功能”，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章第一段中“Peopleluckyenoughtoavoidchronicdiseasesmayalsofarebetterinintellectualfunction幸運(yùn)地沒(méi)有患慢性疾病的人在智力功能方面可能進(jìn)展得更好”可知B項(xiàng)“慢性疾病”與原文相符；由第一段中“thoseluckyenoughtoberelativelyaffluentalsofarebetter那些足夠幸運(yùn)的相對(duì)富裕的人也過(guò)得更好”可知C項(xiàng)“生活水平”與原文相符；由第二段中“Educationhelpstoo教育也有幫助”可知A項(xiàng)“教育”與原文相符，A、B、C選項(xiàng)均正確。A項(xiàng)“教育”；B項(xiàng)“慢性疾病”；C項(xiàng)“生活水平”；D項(xiàng)“以上所有各項(xiàng)”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

第4題:推理判斷題。由題干定位到文章第五段中“Otherwaystostaysharp…playingbridgeformemoryandsimplymatchingwitsathomewithplayersonTVgameshows.還有其他保持思維敏捷的方法……比如靠記憶打橋牌，或者在家與電視游戲節(jié)目中的玩家斗智?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)“社會(huì)聯(lián)系”與原文相符。A項(xiàng)“身體鍛煉”；B項(xiàng)“社會(huì)聯(lián)系”；C項(xiàng)“固定的日常生活”；D項(xiàng)“健康的飲食”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干定位到文章最后一段中“Eventhoughyoumaylosesomementalskillswithnormalaging,youalsogaininonekeyarea:wisdom.Thegrowthofwisdomcontinuesthroughoutthe40s,50sandeven60s.雖然隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，你可能會(huì)失去一些心智能力，但你也會(huì)在一個(gè)關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域獲得收獲：智慧。在40、50，甚至60歲，心智力都在不斷增長(zhǎng)?！?，可知A項(xiàng)“智慧可以被認(rèn)為是完全由生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)發(fā)展而來(lái)的能力和知識(shí)的一種特殊形式”、B項(xiàng)“即使大腦開(kāi)始老化，智慧仍然會(huì)增長(zhǎng)”及D項(xiàng)“智慧是腦力的重要組成部分”均與原文相符；而C項(xiàng)“智慧的重要性高于歸納推理和空間技能等心理技能”原文并未提及，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Aircraftandrocketcanbeusedtocollectradioactivedebris,whilehigh-altitudesatellitescarrydetectorsforgammaraysandotheremissions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.diffusion

B.remains

C.glitter

D.transfer

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。debris表示“碎片，殘骸”。A項(xiàng)diffusion“擴(kuò)散，傳播”，B項(xiàng)remain“遺留，殘骸”，C項(xiàng)glitter“閃光，燦爛”，D項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移”。句意：飛機(jī)和火箭可以用來(lái)收集放射性碎片，而高空衛(wèi)星攜帶探測(cè)伽馬射線和其他輻射的探測(cè)器。根據(jù)句意，該題選B正確。

4.單選題

Theneighborsdonotconsiderhimquite（）asmosteveningsheawakensthemwithhisdrunkensinging.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.respected

B.respective

C.respectful

D.respectable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的”；B選項(xiàng)respective“分別的，各自的”；C選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的，有禮貌的”；D選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的，人格高尚的，相當(dāng)數(shù)量的”。句意：鄰居們認(rèn)為他不（），因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)晚上他都會(huì)用醉醺醺的歌聲把他們吵醒。這里表達(dá)的句意是“他不值得尊敬”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Thespaceprojectrequiresmoremoneythan______becauseitneedsthemostmodernandadvancedequipmentwhichisextremelyexpensive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobeputin

B.tohavebeenputin

C.puttingin

D.havingputit

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tobeputin被投入B.tohavebeenputin被投入

C.puttingin投入D.havingputit把它

【考查點(diǎn)】比較級(jí)的用法。

【解題思路】空格處為被比較部分，前面提到“太空計(jì)劃需要的資金比……更多”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知是“比投入的更多”，需要用到完成時(shí)；而money和putin之間為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)表示將來(lái)，不符合句子意思；

C、D選項(xiàng)表示主動(dòng)，排除。

【句意】太空計(jì)劃需要的資金比投入的要多，因?yàn)樗枰瞵F(xiàn)代和最先進(jìn)的設(shè)備，這是極其昂貴的。

6.單選題

（

）inanatmosphereofsimplelivingwaswhatherparentswishedfor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thegirl’sbeingeducated

B.Thegirltobeeducated

C.Thegirlbeingeducated

D.Thegirlhavingbeeneducated

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)。題干的中inanatmosphereofsimpleliving作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，what引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句作從句的賓語(yǔ)，題干中是缺主語(yǔ)。B、C、D的主語(yǔ)都是thegirl，句子意思是在單純環(huán)境下接受教育的女孩是父母想要的，但是句子的本意應(yīng)該是女孩生活在單純的環(huán)境下接受教育是父母想要的，所以答案只能選A。

7.單選題

Ingeneral，matterswhichlieentirelywithinstatebordersarethe（）concernofstategov-ernments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinct

B.excluding

C.excessive

D.exclusive

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意:—般來(lái)說(shuō)，國(guó)家邊境問(wèn)題是政府（）關(guān)心的問(wèn)題。

extinct滅絕的；excluding除…外，不包括;excessive過(guò)度的，過(guò)分的;exclusive獨(dú)有的，專(zhuān)一的。D項(xiàng)exclusive獨(dú)有的，專(zhuān)一的符合句意，在這里表示“專(zhuān)門(mén)的,特別的”。

8.單選題

Three(1)yearsagoDanielGabrielFahrenheitmadehis(2)thermometerin

hishometownofDanzig(NowGdanskinPoland).Thethermometerwasfilledwith(3)

andcompletelysealed,butitwasnotmuchusewithoutsomesortof(4)tomeasurethe

temperature.

Onestory(5)that,duringthewinterof1708—1709，F(xiàn)ahrenheittookameasurement

of0degreesasthecoldesttemperatureoutdoors—whichwouldnowreadasminus17.8°C.Five

years(6)heusedmercuryinsteadofalcoholforhis(7)，andmadeatopreference

pointbymeasuringhisownbodytemperatureas90degrees.Soonafterwardshebecameaglassblower,(8)______allowedhimtomakethinlyblownglasstubesthatcouldbemarkedupwithmorepointsonthescaleandso(9)______accuracy.

Eventuallyhetookthe(10)pointofhistemperaturescalefromareadingmadeinice,

waterandsalt,andatoppointmadefromtheboilingpointofwater.Thescalewasrecalibrated

using180degreesbetweenthese(11)pointsandFahrenheitwasabletomakemuchmore

accurateandmore(12)measurementsoftemperature.

Butin1742arivalchallengedtheFahrenheitscaleand(13)supersededit.Anders

Celsius,inSweden,inventedascaleof100degreesbetweenthefreezingandboilingpointsof

waterandgradually(14)overmanycountries.However,theBritish(15)weddedto

Fahrenheituntilwellintothe20thcentury.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thousand

B.hundred

C.decadesof

D.hundredsof

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.initial

B.final

C.first

D.last

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.alcohol

B.mercury

C.sand

D.salt

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.scale

B.measurement

C.points

D.degrees

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.says

B.rumors

C.concludes

D.goes

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.ago

B.before

C.after

D.later

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.thermometers

B.measurements

C.points

D.degrees

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.thereby

B.which

C.that

D.what

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.enlarge

B.addup

C.increase

D.promote

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.eldest

B.lowest

C.coolest

D.deepest

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.three

B.four

C.two

D.dual

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.continuous

B.continuant

C.coherent

D.consistent

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.eventually

B.accidentally

C.surprisingly

D.fortunately

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.took

B.turned

C.brought

D.won

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.kept

B.remained

C.maintained

D.sustained

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:D

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:B

第11題:C

第12題:D

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:D

【解析】（1）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。第二段第一句說(shuō)到了時(shí)間“duringthewinterof1708-09”，可知大約是“三百多年前”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（2）考查形容詞辨析。initial“最初的”；final“最終的”；first“第一的”；last“最后的；最近的”。根據(jù)上下文可知這里表示“制作出了第一個(gè)溫度計(jì)”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（3）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。第二段說(shuō)到“heusedmercuryinsteadofalcohol”，由此推測(cè)他支座的第一個(gè)溫度計(jì)內(nèi)部是酒精。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（4）考查名詞辨析。scale“規(guī)模；刻度”；measurement“度量；尺寸”；point“要點(diǎn)；尖端”；degree“度數(shù)”。句意：但是如果沒(méi)有記錄溫度的……時(shí)沒(méi)有用的。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（5）考查固定搭配。表述“故事是這樣講的”時(shí)，常用“onestorygoes…”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（6）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。上文提到了第一個(gè)溫度計(jì)被制作出來(lái)，后續(xù)隨著時(shí)間的遷移，溫度計(jì)得以慢慢地完善。因此此處應(yīng)指“五年后，他把溫度計(jì)中的酒精換成水銀……”。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（7）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。文章說(shuō)的是溫度計(jì)的發(fā)明。因此這里說(shuō)就是thermometer“溫度計(jì)”。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（8）考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)?？崭袂笆且粋€(gè)完整結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)句，且還有逗號(hào)，這里考查的就是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)主從句結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處應(yīng)選which作關(guān)系代詞。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（9）考查詞義辨析。enlarge“擴(kuò)大”；addup“合計(jì)”；increase“增加；提高”；promote“促進(jìn)”。根據(jù)空格后的詞語(yǔ)accuracy“準(zhǔn)確性”，可知與之相搭配額應(yīng)為C選項(xiàng)。

（10）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。后半句說(shuō)到了“atoppoint……”，可知此處應(yīng)為相對(duì)的“l(fā)owest”。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（11）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。上一句提到“thelowestpoint”和“thetoppoint”，可知為“twopoints”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（12）考查形容詞辨析。continuous“連續(xù)的”；continuant“連續(xù)音的”；coherent“條理清楚的”；consistent“始終如一的”。句意：法倫海特就能夠更精確、更……地記錄溫度。此處選用的詞語(yǔ)應(yīng)符合“精確”這一含義，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（13）考查副詞辨析。eventually“最后”；accidentally“意外地”；surprisingly“令人驚訝地”；fortunately“幸運(yùn)地”。句意：但是在1742年，一位競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者挑戰(zhàn)法倫海特的刻度，并且……將其取代。根據(jù)下文可知，原來(lái)的刻度被取代了，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（14）考查詞組辨析。takeover“接管”；turnover“移交”；bringover“把某人帶回”；winover“說(shuō)服；勝訴；把……爭(zhēng)取過(guò)來(lái)”。句意：最后很多國(guó)家開(kāi)始采用這種刻度。說(shuō)明爭(zhēng)取到了很多多家的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

（15）考查語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。wedded是形容詞性，因此空格處缺少具有系動(dòng)詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都與“保持”有關(guān)，但選項(xiàng)A、C和D都是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

9.單選題

Librariesareaninvestmentforthefutureandshouldnotbeallowedtofallinto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dissolution

B.decay

C.decline

D.depression

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dissolution“分解，溶解”；B選項(xiàng)decay“衰退，衰減；衰??；腐爛，腐朽”；C選項(xiàng)decline“下降；衰退；斜面”；D選項(xiàng)depression“沮喪；憂愁；抑郁癥；洼地；不景氣；低氣壓區(qū)”。題干大意說(shuō)，圖書(shū)館是將來(lái)的一種投資，不允許（圖書(shū)館）掉入（）。常識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：當(dāng)今社會(huì)我們并沒(méi)有注意圖書(shū)館的價(jià)值，現(xiàn)在的圖書(shū)館是冷冷清清，一副衰退、衰亡的景象。其實(shí)體現(xiàn)一個(gè)國(guó)家、民族的真正素質(zhì)就是看圖書(shū)館是否冷冷清清。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

Inherlong,butultimatelytriumphantcareer,shehasbeenforcedtosmugglebirthcontrolsuppliesunderherclothing.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.forceful

B.insightful

C.successful

D.influential

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)forceful“強(qiáng)有力的；有說(shuō)服力的”；B選項(xiàng)insightful“有深刻見(jiàn)解的，富有洞察力的”；C選項(xiàng)successful“成功的；一帆風(fēng)順的”；D選項(xiàng)influential“有影響的；有勢(shì)力的”。句意：在她漫長(zhǎng)但最終……職業(yè)生涯中，她被迫在衣服下走私節(jié)育用品。前面一部分都是用來(lái)形容career“職業(yè)生涯”long“漫長(zhǎng)的”，在一個(gè)人的職業(yè)生涯中不可能永遠(yuǎn)是一帆風(fēng)順的，中途也會(huì)遇到挫折。butultimately“但是最終”有轉(zhuǎn)折可以知道最后的結(jié)果是美好的。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

I’m（）ongoingtothatflowershow.IbelievetherearesomespecimensofCarationthatI’minterestedin.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.keen

B.acute

C.shrewd

D.enthusiastic

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。bekeenondoingsth.表示“渴望;熱切;熱衷于”。句意：我非常想要去看花展，我相信有一些我感興趣的標(biāo)本。結(jié)合句意，A為正確答案。

12.單選題

Hisfamilyhadalmostforgotten______like.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.howhisfacewas

B.whichwashisface

C.whathisfacewas

D.thathisfacewas

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：他的家人幾乎已經(jīng)忘記了他長(zhǎng)的什么樣子。根據(jù)句型itislike…，得出C選項(xiàng)whathisfacewas符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Indigitalelectronics,signalsarebrokendownintothousands,maybemillions,（）,whichareencodedaszerosandones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ofinformation

B.ofbitsofinformation

C.oflittleinformation

D.ofmuchinformation

【答案】B

【解析】考查單復(fù)數(shù)。information“信息，消息，資料；情報(bào)”，是不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能在前面加“a”。如果“一則消息”可以說(shuō)apieceofinformation，“許多信息”是manypiecesofinformation。bitofinformation是固定搭配，指“信息單位，信息比特”，例句：Asitiscapableofholdingasinglebitofinformationatanyinstant.（因?yàn)樗且蛔軌蛉菁{一個(gè)單一的信息比特，在任何瞬間。）句意：在數(shù)字電子學(xué)中，信號(hào)被分解成數(shù)千、甚至數(shù)百萬(wàn)個(gè)信息比特，這些比特被編碼為0和1。故本題的正確答案是B選項(xiàng)。

14.單選題

（

）atinhisway,thesituationdoesnotseemsodesperate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Looking

B.looked

C.Beinglooked

D.tolook

【答案】B

【解析】句意:該形勢(shì)在他看來(lái)似乎沒(méi)有如此令人沮喪。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由句中主語(yǔ)是situation(形式),這里應(yīng)該指代該形勢(shì)被看。因此B項(xiàng)“l(fā)ooked”正確。

15.單選題

Researchersinthesocialsciencesmayoftenhave（）theirscopetothosenarrowlycircumscribedtopicsthatarewellsuitedtoquantitativemethods.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.diminished

B.enlarged

C.limited

D.expanded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)diminish“減少，縮小”；B選項(xiàng)enlarge“擴(kuò)大，增大”；C選項(xiàng)limit“限制”；D選項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張”。根據(jù)下文的“narrowlycircumscribedtopics”可推測(cè)，這里填入選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。句意：社會(huì)科學(xué)的研究人員可能經(jīng)常將他們的研究范圍限制在那些非常適合定量方法的狹窄限定的課題上。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

16.單選題

Noneofstudentsintheclasslikesthemistress,whoisusedtobeing（）ofeverythingtheydo.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.emotional

B.optimistic

C.interested

D.critical

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)emotional“情感的”；B選項(xiàng)optimistic“樂(lè)觀的”；C選項(xiàng)interested“感興趣的”；D選項(xiàng)critical“批評(píng)的，苛刻的”，句意：班里沒(méi)有一個(gè)學(xué)生喜歡那位女老師，她慣于批評(píng)學(xué)生們所做的一切事。所以選D。

17.單選題

Groupsofpolicewere______allalongthestreetwheretheQueenwastopass.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dispersed

B.displaced

C.dispensed

D.discounted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)dispersed“分散”；B選項(xiàng)displaced“取代；移動(dòng)位置”；C選項(xiàng)dispensed“分發(fā)”；D選項(xiàng)discounted“打折；不理會(huì)”。句意：成群的警察被______在女王要經(jīng)過(guò)的街道上。這里A選項(xiàng)dispersed“分散”比較符合語(yǔ)境，指警察在街道上保護(hù)女王，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

WehavearrangedtogotothecinemaonFriday,butwecanbe（）andgoanotherday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.probable

B.reliable

C.flexible

D.feasible

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。probable可信的；reliable可靠的；flexible靈活的；feasible可行的。句意：我們已經(jīng)安排好星期五去看電影，但我們可以靈活調(diào)整，改天去也行。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

19.單選題

It’stime（

）aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.somethingwasdone

B.anythingwillbedone

C.everythingisdone

D.nothingtobedone

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。it'stime后面的從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原形（should不能省略）。句意：是時(shí)候采取一些措施來(lái)解決城市交通問(wèn)題了。故A項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Idon’treallyknowjohnallthatwells;he’sjusta（

）acquaintance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.random

B.formal

C.haphazard

D.casual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。random意為“任意的”；formal意為“正規(guī)的”；haphazard意為“偶然的，隨意的”，一般指的是物；casual意為“偶然的”，acasualacquaintance意為“點(diǎn)頭之交，偶然相識(shí)”。

句意：我并不怎么了解約翰；我們只不過(guò)是泛泛之交。

21.單選題

It’shardlynewsthattheimmigrationsystemisamess.Foreignnationalshavelongbeenslippingacrosstheborderwithfakepapers,andvisitorswhoarriveintheU.S.legitimatelyoftenoverstaytheirlegalwelcomewithoutbeingpunished.ButsinceSept.11,it’sbecomeclearthatterroristshavebeenshrewdlyfactoringtheweaknessesofoursystemintotheirplans.Inadditiontotheirmasteryofforgingpassports,atleastthreeofthe19Sept.11hijackerswerehearonexpiredvisas.That’sbeenasafebetuntilnow.TheImmigrationandNaturalizationService(INS)lackstheresources,andapparentlytheinclination,tokeeptrackoftheestimated2millionforeignerswhohaveintentionallyoverstayedtheirwelcome.

Butthislaxnesstowardimmigrationfraudmaybeabouttochange.Congresshasalreadytakensomemodeststeps.TheU.S.A.PatriotAct,passedinthewakeoftheSept.11tragedy,requiredtheFBI,theJusticeDepartment,theStateDepartmentandtheINStosharemoredata,whichwillmakeiteasiertostopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder.

Butwhat’sreallyneeded,criticssay,iseventougherlawsandmoreresourcesaimedattighteningupbordersecurity.Reformersarecallingforarollbackofrulesthathinderlawenforcement.TheyalsowanttheINStohirehundredsmoreborderpatrolagentsandinvestigatorstokeepillegalimmigrantsoutandtotrackthemdownoncethey’rehere.ReformersalsowanttoseetheINSsetupadatabasetomonitorwhethervisaholdersactuallyleavethecountrywhentheyarerequiredto.

Alltheseproposedchangeswerepartofanewborder-securitybillthatpassedtheHouseofRepresentativesbutdiedintheSenatelastweek.BeforeSept.11,legislationofthiskindhadbeenblockedbytwopowerfullobbies,universities,whichrelyontuitionfromforeignstudentswhocouldbekeptoutbythenewlaw,andbusiness,whichreliesonforeignersforcheaplabor.Sincetheattacks,they’vebackedoff.Thebillwouldhavepassedthistimebutforcongressionalmaneuveringsandisexpectedtobereintroducedandtopassnextyear.

Alsoontheagendafornextyearaproposal,backedbysomeinfluentiallaw-makers,tosplittheINSintotwoagencies-asgoodcopthatwouldtendtoservicefunctionslikeprocessingcitizenshippapersandabadcopthatwouldconcentrateonborderinspectionsdeportationandotherfunctions.Onereasonforthedivision,supportersay,isthattheINShasinrecentyearsbecometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants.AftertheSept.11tragedy,theINSshouldpaymoreattentiontoservingthemillionsofordinaryAmericanswhorelyonthenation’sbordersecuritytoprotectthemfromterroristattacks.

1.Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof（

）.

2.WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.Governmentagenciesto

（

）.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept,11,alienswithexpiredvisas（

）.

4.ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS

（

）.

5.BeforeSept，11，theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeigners

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeople

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpoints

D.thelowefficiencyoftheimmigrationandNaturalizationService

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Refusetherenewingofexpiredvisas.

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborder

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapers

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttrouble

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagents

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywished

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctions

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminately

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurity

D.hasignoredthepicasofthetwopowerfullobbies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplabor

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmen

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurity

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第三句提到“但是自911事件以來(lái)，很明顯的是恐怖分子們狡猾地利用了美國(guó)移民系統(tǒng)的弱點(diǎn)來(lái)實(shí)施他們的計(jì)劃”（ButsinceSept.11,it’sbecomeclearthatterroristshavebeenshrewdlyfactoringtheweaknessesofoursystemintotheirplans），選項(xiàng)D“移民規(guī)劃服務(wù)的低效率”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段最后一句提到“更容易將黑名單上的恐怖分子擋在國(guó)境之外”（whichwillmakeiteasiertostopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder），選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第二句提到“合法到美國(guó)的游客經(jīng)常超過(guò)其合法停留時(shí)間而不受處罰”（andvisitorswhoarriveintheU.S.legitimatelyoftenoverstaytheirlegalwelcomewithoutbeingpunished），因此選項(xiàng)C“能一直待下去”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一段最后兩句話提到“支持者認(rèn)為造成這種分歧的一個(gè)原因是移民規(guī)劃局近來(lái)過(guò)于關(guān)注游客和移民服務(wù)。911事件后，移民管理局應(yīng)該為數(shù)百萬(wàn)依賴(lài)美國(guó)邊境安全的普通美國(guó)人服務(wù)”（Onereasonforthedivision,supportersay,isthattheINShasinrecentyearsbecometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants.AftertheSept.11tragedy,theINSshouldpaymoreattentiontoservingthemillionsofordinaryAmericanswhorelyonthenation’sbordersecuritytoprotectthemfromterroristattacks）。選項(xiàng)C“以國(guó)家安全為代價(jià)來(lái)過(guò)分重視它的服務(wù)功能”符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第四段第二句提到“在911事件之前，這類(lèi)法案被兩個(gè)強(qiáng)大的游說(shuō)團(tuán)體阻擾：一個(gè)是依賴(lài)外國(guó)留學(xué)生繳納學(xué)費(fèi)的各大高校，一個(gè)是依賴(lài)廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力的工商界，而留學(xué)生和勞動(dòng)力都有可能因此而被拒絕入境”（BeforeSept.11,legislationofthiskindhadbeenblockedbytwopowerfullobbies,universities,whichrelyontuitionfromforeignstudentswhocouldbekeptoutbythenewlaw,andbusiness,whichreliesonforeignersforcheaplabor），選項(xiàng)A“可能組織留學(xué)生和外國(guó)廉價(jià)勞動(dòng)力”符合題意。

22.單選題

Themandenied______anythingatthesupermarketwhenhewasquestionedbythepolice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tohavestolen

B.tosteal

C.havingstolen

D.havingbeenstealing

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：警察盤(pán)問(wèn)那人時(shí)，他否認(rèn)偷了超市里的任何東西。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)denydoingsth.確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在分詞ing形式，根據(jù)steal的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在deny之前，確定用完成時(shí)，C選項(xiàng)havingstolen符合題意。沒(méi)有denytodosth.的用法，A選項(xiàng)tohavestolen和B選項(xiàng)tosteal錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)havingbeenstealing沒(méi)有這個(gè)用法，語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Employeesknewfromthevery（）thattheirjobswouldfinishthisyear.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.upshot

B.outbreak

C.outcome

D.outset

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似詞詞義辨析。upshot“結(jié)局，結(jié)果”；outbreak“（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的）爆發(fā)”；outcome“結(jié)果，結(jié)局”；outset“開(kāi)始，開(kāi)端”。句意：?jiǎn)T工從開(kāi)始就知道他們的工作今年就會(huì)結(jié)束。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

24.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatthepowerofthemediumis（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)grant“（尤指正式地或法律上）同意，準(zhǔn)予”；B選項(xiàng)imply“暗示，說(shuō)明”；C選項(xiàng)exaggerate“夸張，夸大”；D選項(xiàng)remedy“糾正，改進(jìn)”。根據(jù)前一句句意“大部分廣播機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)為，對(duì)電視的職責(zé)是不公平的”，確定and后面的句意應(yīng)是“并且表示媒介的力量被夸大”。所以C選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Becauseoftheexcellentpreservationofthefossil,anatomicaldetailsofearlyhorseshoecrabswere（

）forthefirsttime,enablingexpertsto（

）theevolutionofthehorseshoecrab.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scrutinized...ensure

B.verified...advance

C.obscured...illustrate

D.clarified...reassess

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)scrutinized“詳細(xì)檢查”；ensure“確認(rèn)，確?！?；B選項(xiàng)verified“核證，證”;advance“提出，預(yù)付，使……前進(jìn)，將……提前”；C選項(xiàng)obscure“遮蔽，掩蓋”；illustrate“說(shuō)明”;D選項(xiàng)clarify“澄清”；reassess“再評(píng)價(jià)”。根據(jù)句意‘由于化石保存完好，早期的馬蹄蟹的解剖細(xì)節(jié)首次進(jìn)行了澄清，使得專(zhuān)家可以重新評(píng)估蟹的演變?！疍選項(xiàng)正確

26.單選題

Wehadn’tenoughmoneytopayourbusfare,andin（）wehadtowalk.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.particular

B.consequence

C.possession

D.succession

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析題。particular特別的，特色；consequence結(jié)果，因此；possession擁有，所有；succession

接連，避承權(quán)。句意：我們沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)賣(mài)車(chē)票，所以只能步行。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

27.單選題

Antarcticahasactuallybecomeakindofspacestationauniqueobservationpostfordetectingimportantchangesintheworld'senvironment.Remotefrommajorsourcesofpollutionandthecomplexgeologicalandecologicalsystemsthatprevailelsewhere,Antarcticamakespossiblescientificmeasurementsthatareoftensharperandeasiertointerpretthanthosemadeinotherpartsoftheworld.

GrowingnumbersofscientiststhereforeseeAntarcticaasauniqueobservationdistant-early-warningsensor,wherepotentiallydangerousglobaltrendsmaybespottedbeforetheyshowuptothenorth.Onepromisingfieldofinvestigationisglaciology.ScholarsfromtheUnitedStates,Switzerland,andFrancearepursuingsevenseparatebutrelatedprojectsthatreflecttheirconcernforthehealthoftheWestAntarcticIceSheet,aconcerntheybelievetheworldatlargeshouldshare.

TheTransantarcticMountain,someofthemmorethan14,000feethigh,dividethecontinentintotwoverydifferentregions.Thepartofthecontinenttothe"east”ofthemountainsisahighplateaucoveredbyanicesheetnearlytwomilesthick."West"ofthemountain,thehalfofthecontinentsouthoftheAmericasisalsocoveredbyanicesheet,buttheretheicerestsonrockthatismostlywellbelowsealevel.IftheWestAntarcticIceSheetdisappeared,thewesternpartofthecontinentwouldbereducedtoasparseclusterofisland.

Whileiceandsnowareobviouslycentraltomanyenvironmentalexperiments,othersfocusonthemysterious"dryvalley"ofAntarctica,valleysthatcontainlittleiceorsnoweveninthedepthsofwinter.SlashedthroughthemountainsofsouthernVictoriaLand,thesevalleysonceheldenormousglaciersthatdescended9,000feetfromthepolarplateautotheRossSea.Nowtheglaciersaregone,perhapsacasualtyoftheglobalwarmingtrendduringthe10,000yearssincetheiceage.Eventhesnowthatfallsinthedryvalleysisblastedoutbyviciouswindsthatroardownfromthepolarplateautothesea.Leftbarearespectaculargorges,rippledfieldsofsanddunes,clustersofboulderssculpturedintofantasticshapesby100-mile-an-hourwinds,andanauraofextraterrestrialdesolation.

Despitetheunearthlyaspectofthedryvalleys,somescientistsbelievetheymaycarryamessageofhopeoftheverdantpartsoftheearth.Somescientistsbelievethatinsomecasesthedryvalleysmaysoakuppollutantsfasterthanpollutantsente