考研考博-英語-中國人民警察大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國人民警察大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ifacompanyisalreadyeffectively（

）itscompetitorsbecauseitprovidesservicethatavoidsadamagingreputationandkeepscustomers（

）leavingatanunacceptablerate,theninvestmentinhigherservicelevelsmaybewasted,sinceserviceisadecidingfactorforcustomersonlyinextremesituation.

問題1選項

A.inparwith...from

B.inaparwith...in

C.onparwith...outof

D.onaparwith...from

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。第一空的固定搭配是onaparwith“與……同等；和……一樣”；第二個空格處的搭配是“keepsb.fromdoingsth.”。因此D選項符合題意。

2.單選題

Iseemtohavereachedarathergloomyconclusion,butIthinkthatsomethingcheerfulmaystillbe______fromit.

問題1選項

A.derived

B.extracted

C.abstracted

D.adapted

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項derive“源自，獲得”，B項extract“提取，抽取”，C項abstract“摘要，抽象化”，D項adapt“適應(yīng)”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞conclusion“結(jié)論”可知，空格部分對應(yīng)“獲得”更符合語境。句意：我似乎得出了一個相當(dāng)悲觀的結(jié)論，但我認(rèn)為仍可能從中得到一些令人高興的東西。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

3.單選題

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust____allprofitstothegovernment.

問題1選項

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.turndown減小；關(guān)??；調(diào)低B.turnup出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；開大

C.turnout最后是；結(jié)果是D.turnin上交；歸還

【答案】D

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在現(xiàn)行制度下，國有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤……政府。國營企業(yè)上繳利潤收入指國營企業(yè)以利潤等形式上繳給國家的預(yù)算收入。因此根據(jù)句意，國有企業(yè)所獲得的利潤要交給政府。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均不符合句意。

【句意】在現(xiàn)行制度下，國有企業(yè)必須將所有利潤上繳政府。

4.單選題

Progressiveandreactionarypopulistmovementsarenotnecessarily_______:eachmay,andusuallydoes,possessfeaturesoftheother.

問題1選項

A.subversive

B.efficacious

C.untenable

D.dichotomous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項subversive“破壞性的”；B選項efficacious“有效的”；C選項untenable“（理論等）站不住腳的；不能維持的”；D選項dichotomous“二元對立的”。句意：進(jìn)步和反動的民粹主義運動不一定_______：相互可能，而且是通常具有對方的特征。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是進(jìn)步和反動的民粹主義有相同的特性，不是完全對立，所以dichotomous“二元對立的”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

5.單選題

WhenPH.D.candidates（）theirimpendingprofessorships,theyconsiderhousingbenefitsofferedbytheprospectiveuniversity.

問題1選項

A.anticipate

B.assume

C.apply

D.demand

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項anticipate“預(yù)期，預(yù)計（并做準(zhǔn)備）”；B選項assume“設(shè)想，假定”；C選項apply“申請，應(yīng)用”；D選項demand“強烈要求”。句意：當(dāng)博士申請者在為即將到來的教授職位做準(zhǔn)備時，他們會考慮未來大學(xué)提供的住房福利。選項A符合語境。

6.單選題

Poetryisanaturalor（

）overflowofpowerfulfeelings.

問題1選項

A.spontaneous

B.simultaneous

C.instantaneous

D.homogeneous

【答案】A

【解析】句意:詩是自然而然，自發(fā)溢出的強烈的情感。

形容詞辨析。Spontaneous自發(fā)的，自然的;simultaneous同吋的，同時發(fā)生的;instantaneous瞬間的，即時的;Homogeneous同種的，同質(zhì)的。因此A符合句意。

7.單選題

Herexcellentperformance______theaudience’swarmacclamations.

問題1選項

A.resultedfrom

B.burstinto

C.evoked

D.prosecuted

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項resultfrom“由……造成，起因于”，B項burstinto“突然闖進(jìn)來”，C項evoke“引起，喚起，博得”，D項prosecute“檢舉，貫徹”。根據(jù)句子意思“她的精彩表演……觀眾的熱烈喝彩”可推斷，空格處應(yīng)該表示“贏得，博得”，所以只有C項符合。句意：她出色的表演引起了觀眾的熱烈喝彩。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

8.翻譯題

二十多年前科學(xué)家就己經(jīng)知道癌癥是一種基因病變。細(xì)胞核(nucleus)內(nèi)的DNA被某種物質(zhì)打亂，細(xì)胞突然不再有規(guī)則地分裂，而開始大量復(fù)制自身。不同于普通細(xì)胞的是，這種復(fù)制活動永無休止。

癌癥細(xì)胞和正常細(xì)胞差異極大，要理清造成這種差異的事件的先后順序幾乎是不可能的，所以很多年來研究人員一直在攻關(guān)這一難題，通過研究健康細(xì)胞，他們試圖確定是什么變化使得這些健康細(xì)胞變成了癌細(xì)胞，但卻總是以失敗告終。

現(xiàn)在情況出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)機。根據(jù)最近的一期《自然》雜志刊載的報道，麻省理工學(xué)院的生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究所的一個科研小組終于成功地將人類細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閻盒?malignant)細(xì)胞。他們采用了兩種不同的細(xì)胞類型，通過把三種經(jīng)過改變的基因嵌入這些細(xì)胞的DNA中，從而取得這一成就。雖然這些操作都只是在實驗室的器皿里完成的，不會立刻帶來任何治療方法，但顯然它們是理解這種疾病的關(guān)鍵一步。

【答案】Scientistshaveknownformorethantwodecadesthatcancerisadiseaseofthegenes.SomethingscramblestheDNAinsideanucleus,andsuddenly,insteadofdividinginameasuredfashion,acellbeginstocopyitselffuriously.Unlikeanordinarycell,itneverstops.

Cancercellsaresoradicallydifferentfromnormalonesthatit'salmostimpossibletountanglethesequenceofeventsthatmadethemthatway.Soforyearsresearchershavebeenattackingtheproblembytakingnormalcellsandtryingtodeterminewhatchangeswillturnthemcancerous—alwayswithoutsuccess.

Untilnow,accordingtoareportinthecurrentissueofNature,ateamofscientistsbasedatM.I.T.'sWhiteheadInstituteforBio-medicalResearchhasfinallymanagedtomakehumancellsmalignantafeattheyaccomplishedwithtwodifferentcelltypesbyinsertingjustthreealteredgenesintotheirDNA.Whilethesemanipulationsweredoneonlyinlabdishesandwon'tleadtoanyimmediatetreatment,theyappeartobeacrucialstepinunderstandingthedisease.

9.單選題

"Museum"isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtothe

Muses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle’sLyceumhadamouseion,amusesshrineAlthoughtheCreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples-notablythatofHeraatOlympiabeforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllithadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywellknownmasters,whilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings"(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant“Muses-shrine”.

Theinspirational-collectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries-whichfocusedonthegold-enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrsprinces,andlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems-oftenantiqueengravedones-aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot"collected"either,but’’site-specific”，andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothoffabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingwerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporarysothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toimitation,andsocouldbe]consideredMuses-shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,TheBelvedereandtheCapitalinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly"inspirational"collections.Soontheymultiplied,and,gradually,exemplary"modem"workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceived:thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancoiswasthemostfamousThen,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtookoff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMmseum-InselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKunsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving”collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword”inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

3.Modemmuseumscameintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

4.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問題2選項

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.boughtbychurches

C.donatedbypeople

D.madepartofthebuildings

問題3選項

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improvecollations

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

問題4選項

A.CollectionandCollectors

B.ModemMuseumsandTheirFunctions

C.TheEvolutionofMuseums

D.TheBirthofMuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

【解析】1.句義推測題。根據(jù)文章大意可知文章主旨在于介紹museum一詞隨著時代的發(fā)展在詞義方面的演變，所以題干中的“Museumisaslipperyword”意指museum一詞的意思隨著歲月的變遷發(fā)生了改變，B選項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第四段的第二句‘"theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’，andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsand...”“他們不是從其他地方收集起來的而是地方性的并且和建筑物是一體的……”可以排除A選項“從其他地方收集的”并且確定D選項“作為建筑物的一部分”正確。B選項和C選項沒有在文章中提到。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的第二句“Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.”“工業(yè)革命時代社會仇視皇室和教堂的紀(jì)念物，這促使古文物收藏家們將它們放到了可以起保護作用的收藏館，其中最有名的收藏館就是MuseedesMonumentsFrancais”確定A選項‘保護王室和教會的財富’正確。

4.標(biāo)題歸納題。全文介紹了museum一詞意義的變化過程，以及museum一詞現(xiàn)代意義的由來。所以C選項正確。其它三項都只是介紹museum一詞的意義變化時提到的例子，不能作為全文標(biāo)題。

10.單選題

We’dbetter（

）thewholeplaceincaseit’sbeenbugged.

問題1選項

A.leavealone

B.checkout

C.takedown

D.pulldown

【答案】B

【解析】leavealone不管,不打擾；checkout檢查；takedown拿下,記下；pulldown推翻,摧毀。句意:我們最好把整個地方都檢查一下,以防被安了竊聽器。選項B符合句意。

11.單選題

Byadvocatingmoderatechange,theythinkthattheycankeepconsumercostslow.

問題1選項

A.reasonable

B.radical

C.immediate

D.minimum

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通過提倡……改變，他們認(rèn)為可以保持消費者的低成本狀態(tài)。reasonable“合理的，明智的”；radical“根本的，徹底的”；immediate“立即的”；minimum“最低的”。根據(jù)后面的“消費者的低成本狀態(tài)”可知前面的改變是“適度的”，即劃線單詞的意思是“適度的；合理的”。因此選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

Tous,itseemssonaturaltoputupanumbrellatokeepthewateroffwhenitrains.Butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun.

Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit,buttheumbrellawasusedinveryancienttimes.ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,waybackintheeleventhcenturyBC.

WeknowthattheumbrellawasusedinancientEgyptandBabylonasasunshade.Andtherewasastrangethingconnectedwithitsuse:itbecameasymbolofhonorandauthority.IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices.

InEurope,theGreekswerethefirsttousetheumbrellapracticallydisappeared.ThenitappearedagaininItalyinthelatesixteenthcentury.Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority.By1680,theumbrellaappearedinFranceandlateroninEngland.

Bytheeighteenthcentury,theumbrellawasusedagainstrainthroughoutmostofEurope.Umbrellashavenotchangedmuchinstyleduringallthistime,thoughtheyhavebecomemuchlighterinweight.Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen’sumbrellasbegantobemadeinawholevarietyofcolors.

1.Thefirstuseofumbrellawasas（）.

2.（）werethepeoplewhofirstusedumbrellas.

3.Theumbrellawasusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnottrue?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassages?

問題1選項

A.protectionagainstrain

B.ashadeagainstthesun

C.asymbolofpower

D.asymbolofhonor

問題2選項

A.Chinese

B.Romans

C.Greeks

D.Egyptians

問題3選項

A.inEuropeinthe18thcentury

B.inancientEgyptandBabylon

C.intheFarEastinancienttimes

D.duringtheMiddleAges

問題4選項

A.Womenenjoyusingumbrellaswithvariedkindsofcolorsnowadays.

B.Theinventoroftheumbrellaisunknown.

C.Onceordinarypeoplehadnorighttouseumbrellas.

D.Umbrellaswerepopularandcheapinancienttimes.

問題5選項

A.WhenWastheUmbrellaInvented?

B.TheHistoryofUmbrella

C.Umbrella-ASymbolofHonor

D.WhoUsedUmbrellaFirst?

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第一段指出:Butactuallytheumbrellawasnotinventedasprotectionagainstrain.Itsfirstusewasasashadeagainstthesun(實際上，傘的發(fā)明不是為了躲雨。它的第一個用途是為了遮蔽太陽)。因此選B項“遮蔽太陽”。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:ProbablythefirsttouseitweretheChinese,waybackintheeleventhcenturyB.C(可能，第一個使用傘的人是中國人，可以追溯到公元前11世紀(jì))，因此選A項。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:IntheFarEastinancienttimes,theumbrellawasallowedtobeusedonlybyroyaltyorbythoseinhighoffices(在古代遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)，只允許皇室的人或者身居高位的人使用傘)，因此選C項“在古代遠(yuǎn)東地區(qū)”。

4.判斷推理題。A:如今，女性享用各色的傘。最后一句指出:Itwasn'tuntilthetwentiethcenturythatwomen’sumbrellasbegantobemadeinawholevarietyofcolors(直到二十世紀(jì)，婦女雨傘才開始有各種各樣的顏色)，因此A項正確。B:傘的發(fā)明者不知道是誰，第二段第一句指出:Nobodyknowswhofirstinventedit...(不知道最初誰發(fā)明了傘)，因此B項正確。C:曾經(jīng)，普通人沒有權(quán)利使用傘，第三段倒數(shù)第二句指出:Andagainitwasconsideredasymbolofpowerandauthority(雨傘再次被認(rèn)為是權(quán)力和權(quán)威的象征)。因此C項正確。D:雨傘在古代很流行也很便宜。此項在文中并未有所體現(xiàn)。因此選D。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要談及傘的歷史發(fā)展，和傘在古代的使用人群等，以及傘的使用現(xiàn)狀。因此B項“傘的歷史”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

13.單選題

OnMay3,1989,committalproceedingsbeganinrespectofsixofficerswhowerechargedwithconspiracyto（）thecourseofjustice.

問題1選項

A.pervert

B.perturb

C.prevent

D.profane

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。pervert“使墮落，濫用”；perturb“擾亂，使不安”；prevent“預(yù)防，阻止”；profane“褻瀆，玷污”。句意：1989年5月3日，拘押進(jìn)程開始于六名官員，他們被控告共謀擾亂司法公正。選項B符合題意。

14.單選題

Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasteadyassaultonsaltfromthedoctors:saltisbadforyouregardlessofyourhealth.Politiciansalsogotonboard."Thereisadirectrelationship,"UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,"betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath."

Frightening,iftrue!Butmanydoctorsandmedicalresearchersarenowbeginningtofeelthesaltscarehasgonetoofar.“Allthishueandcryabouteatingsaltisunnecessary,”Dr.Dustaninsists.“Formostofusitprobablydoesn'tmakemuchdifferencehowmuchsaltweeat.”Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensaltwasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.

“Anadequatetosomewhatexcessivesaltintakehasprobablysavedmanymorelivesthanithascostinthegeneralpopulation,”notesDr.JohnH.Laragh.“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense.”

Medicalexpertsagreethateveryoneshouldpracticereasonable“moderation”insaltconsumption.Fortheaverageperson,amoderateamountmightrunfromfourtotengramsaday,orroughly1/2to1/3ofateaspoon.Theequivalentofonetotwogramsofthissatallowancewouldcomefromthenaturalsodiuminfood.Therestwouldbeaddedinprocessing,preparationoratthetable.

Thosewithkidney,liverorheartproblemsmayhavetolimitdietarysalt,iftheirdoctoradvises.Buteventheveryvocal“l(fā)owsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Jradmitsthat“wedonotknowwhetherincreasedsodiumconsumptioncauseshypertension.”Infact,thereisgrowingscientificevidencethatotherfactorsmaybeinvolved:deficienciesincalcium,potassium,perhapsmagnesium;obesity(muchmoredangerousthansodium);geneticpredisposition;stress.

“Itisnotyourenemy,”saysDr.Laragh.“SaltistheNo.1naturalcomponentofallhumantissue,andtheideathatyoudon'tneeditiswrong.Unlessyourdoctorhasproventhatyouhaveasalt-relatedhealthproblem,thereisnoreasontogiveitup.”

1.Accordingtosomedoctorsandpoliticians,theamountofsaltconsumed（）.

2.FromDr.Dustan’sstudywecaninferthat（）.

3.Inthethirdparagraph,Dr.Laraghimpliesthat（）.

4.Thephrase“vocal...exponent”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablyrefersto（）.

5.Whatisthemainmessageofthistext?

問題1選項

A.exhibitsasanaggravatingfactortopeopleinpoorhealth

B.curesdiseasessuchasstrokeandcirculatorydisorders

C.correlateshighlywithsomediseases

D.isirrelevanttopeoplesufferingfromheartdisease

問題2選項

A.alow-saltdietmaybeprescribedforsomepeople

B.theamountofsaltintakehasnothingtodowithone’sbloodpressure

C.thereductionofsaltintakecancureahypertensivepatient

D.anextremelylow-saltdietmakesnodifferencetoanyone

問題3選項

A.peopleshouldnotbeafraidoftakingexcessivesalt

B.doctorsshouldnotadvisepeopletoavoidsalt

C.anadequatetoexcessivesaltintakeisrecommendedforpeopleindisease

D.excessivesaltintakehasclaimedsomevictimsinthegeneralpopulation

問題4選項

A.eloquentdoctor

B.articulateopponent

C.loudspeaker

D.strongadvocate

問題5選項

A.Thesaltscareisnotjustified.

B.Thecauseofhypertensionisnowunderstood.

C.Themoderateuseofsaltisrecommended.

D.Saltconsumptionistobepromoted.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thereisadirectrelationship,”UScongressmanNealSmithnoted,“betweentheamountofsodiumapersonconsumesandheartdisease,circulatorydisorders,strokeandevenearlydeath.”可知：一些醫(yī)生和政客認(rèn)為鈉的攝入量和身體健康有直接關(guān)系，并會引發(fā)多種疾病，甚至早逝。說明他們認(rèn)為食鹽的攝入量與某些疾病的發(fā)生息息相關(guān)，因此，C項正確。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Dustan'smostrecentshort-termstudyof150peopleshowedthatthosewithnormalbloodpressureexperiencednochangeatallwhenplacedonanextremelylow-saltdiet,orlaterwhensalt,wasreintroduced.Ofthehypertensivesubjects,however,halfofthoseonthelow-saltdietdidexperienceadropinbloodpressure,whichreturnedtoitspreviouslevelwhensaltwasreintroduced.可知：在Dustan研究中，當(dāng)攝取極低的少鹽飲食或者恢復(fù)食用食鹽時，血壓正常的人不會有什么改變。然而，在高血壓人群中，少鹽飲食中一半的人確實出現(xiàn)血壓下降，而再次恢復(fù)食鹽的攝入時，血壓會返回到之前的水平。因此，A項“低鹽飲食可能適合某些人”表述正確。B項和D項錯誤。文章并沒有談及“減少食鹽攝入量可能治愈高血壓”，故C項錯誤。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Soarecommendationthatthewholepopulationshouldavoidsaltmakesnosense?”可知：醫(yī)生不應(yīng)該建議人們不吃鹽，因此，B選項符合題意，為正確答案。

4.詞匯題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段buteventheveryvocal“l(fā)owsalt”exponent,Dr.ArthurHullHayes,Dr.admitsthat...可知：就連“低鹽論”最主要的支持者，Arthur博士都承認(rèn)鹽的攝入量是否與髙血壓有關(guān)。所以最恰當(dāng)?shù)睦斫鈶?yīng)該是強烈支持者。因此，D項為正確答案。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要討論了食鹽攝入量與人體健康的關(guān)系。通過人們對于鹽的恐慌引出相關(guān)話題，最后表明“除非醫(yī)生告知你有與攝取鹽分相關(guān)的健康問題，否則，沒有理由不攝取食鹽”。由此可知，食鹽恐慌是不合理的，A項為正確答案。

15.單選題

Thegroupoftechniciansareengagedinastudywhich（

）allaspectsofurbanplanning.

問題1選項

A.inserts

B.grips

C.performs

D.embraces

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這組技術(shù)人員正忙于一項涉及到城市規(guī)劃所有方面的研究。

動詞辨析。Insert插入，嵌入;grip抓住，緊握;perform執(zhí)行,完成;embrace擁抱,包含。故D符合句意。

16.翻譯題

研究人員稱，遠(yuǎn)程辦公等彈性工作模式有益于身體健康。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果人們有條件在家工作，壓縮工作周的時間，那他們就可以選擇更為健康的生活方式，鍛煉身體的機會增多，睡眠也會更好。

可能彈性工作模式讓人們能有更充裕的時間來實現(xiàn)健康的生活方式，或者是它讓人們能更好的安排自己的時間。彈性工作制最初是為了幫助人們（尤其是女性）同時兼顧工作和家庭，但有關(guān)證據(jù)表明這顯然不僅僅是女性的問題。

研究人員對一家大型醫(yī)藥公司職員的“健康風(fēng)險評估”進(jìn)行了分析，職員涉及倉儲，生產(chǎn)和管理等多個不同的崗位。

一名研究人員說：“這不僅僅針對管理層，而是涉及到公司各個崗位的員工?！彼f，該研究能讓衛(wèi)生部門和相關(guān)機構(gòu)認(rèn)識到，給員工更多的自由其實能帶來很多益處。但他也說，要評估彈性工作制的長期益處還需要開展進(jìn)一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

17.單選題

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy."I'magoodeconomicindicator,"shesays."Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars."SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too"shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscoiningatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay.holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet’’(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans（）.

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange’’(Lines3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout（）.

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee‘‘silverlinings”totheeconomicslowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

問題1選項

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

問題2選項

A.Optimistic

B.Confused

C.Carefree

D.Panicked.

問題3選項

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment.

問題4選項

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

問題5選項

A.Anewboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt，thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12toS50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.這位47歲的美甲師也沒有像她想的那樣修剪、填充或拋光那么多的指甲。她的大多數(shù)客戶每周花費12至50美元，但上個月，兩位老客戶突然不再光顧。因此，斯珀羅開始縮減開支，在迪拉德位于克利夫蘭郊區(qū)的家附近的中檔百貨商店購物，而不是去內(nèi)曼?馬庫斯(NeimanMarcus)。由此段內(nèi)容可知雖然Ellen的生意沒以前好了，但Ellen的生活狀況并沒有陷入絕望的境地。故D項正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。由第二段Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.但是現(xiàn)在還沒有發(fā)出警報。消費者似乎只是擔(dān)心，并沒有驚慌失措，許多人說，他們對經(jīng)濟的長期前景仍持樂觀態(tài)度，盡管他們采取了一些適度的緊縮措施。可知消費者對經(jīng)濟形勢保持樂觀態(tài)度，故A項正確。

3.判斷推理題。由第三段Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."在大多數(shù)地區(qū)，房價保持穩(wěn)定。在曼哈頓，“新的淘金熱在400萬到1000萬美元之間發(fā)生，主要是由華爾街的獎金推動的。”經(jīng)紀(jì)人芭芭拉?科克倫說。在舊金山，房價仍在上漲，盡管瘋狂的高出價已經(jīng)平息?，F(xiàn)在，你可能只會收到兩三個offer，而不是20到30個?？芍?00萬到1000萬美元是指房價，整段都是圍繞房價問題展開的，故B項正確。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段“Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.潛在的購房者會為更低的利率而歡呼。雇主們不會介意就業(yè)市場少一點泡沫。許多消費者似乎受到了股市波動的影響，投資者現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為股市波動是持續(xù)繁榮的必要因素。用餐者可能也看到了好處。要在曼哈頓炙手可熱的新阿蘭杜卡斯(AlainDucasse)餐廳訂到位子是不可能的，現(xiàn)在不是這樣了?？芍?jīng)濟衰退也能帶來一些好處。故A項正確。

5.推理判斷題。本文開篇用事例引出經(jīng)濟滑坡的話題，隨后表明人們對經(jīng)濟下滑仍然保持樂觀態(tài)度，最后指出，人們可從中可以得到不少好處。C項的“適度謹(jǐn)慎是必要的，無需驚慌”與本文相符，故C項正確。

18.單選題

Pallphonedthatbecauseofanemergencyhehadto____ourappointment.

問題1選項

A.callforth

B.calldown

C.callfor

D.calloff

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.callforth引起（某物）行動或存在B.calldown招致

C.callfor要求；需要D.calloff取消

【答案】D

【考查點】語義銜接

【解題思路】前文內(nèi)容為“因為緊急情況”，空格處所在部分內(nèi)容為“他不得不____我們的約會”，根據(jù)句意可得，因為緊急情況的出現(xiàn)，他和我們的約會不得不取消比較符合邏輯。因此，D選項calloff“取消”符合原句語義銜接。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】Pall打電話說，因為有緊急情況他不得不取消我們的約會。

19.單選題

Onestudyfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactsare（

）asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.

問題1選項

A.referred

B.perceived

C.recommended

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。referred提到，關(guān)系到；perceived感覺，認(rèn)為；recommended推薦，勸告；presumed以為，假定。句意：一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，眼神接觸多的求職者會被視為更有警覺、獨立、自信和有責(zé)任心。B項符合句意，答案B

20.單選題

Manyareuninhabitable,byvirtueoftheirsmallsizeandparticularcharacteristics,buteventhemostfavoredareveryisolatedfragmentsofland,strictlycircumscribedbytheocean,strictlylimitedintermsofthenumbersofpeopletheycansupport.

問題1選項

A.located

B.flooded

C.restric