考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古經(jīng)貿(mào)外語(yǔ)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-內(nèi)蒙古經(jīng)貿(mào)外語(yǔ)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Partofthecostofmanyarticlesistakenastaxbythegovernment（

）thecommunity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inplaceof

B.onaccountof

C.intermsof

D.onbehalfof

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。inplaceof意為“代替”；onaccountof意為“由于”；intermsof意為“依據(jù)，按照”；onbehalfof意為“代表，為了”。

句意：部分物品的費(fèi)用以稅收的形式由政府代表社會(huì)征收。

2.單選題

Alieisasmuchalie,whenitiswhisperedorwhenitis（）atthemarketcross.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.proclaimed

B.reclaimed

C.acclaimed

D.claimed

【答案】A

【解析】形近詞詞義解析。proclaim“聲明”；reclaim“指收回或利用廢物”；acclaim“喝彩”；claim“聲稱(chēng)”。句意：謊言就是謊言，不管是小聲說(shuō)的，還是在街上大聲宣揚(yáng)的。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.

RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvisestheaviationindustry,hasrecommendedthatallairlinesbansuchdevicesfrombeingusedduring“critical”stagesofflight,particularlytake-offandlanding.Someexpertshavegonefurther,callingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currently,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.

Thedifficultyispredictinghowelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraft’scomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledevicesemitradiationwhichaffectsthosewavelengthswhichaircraftusefornavigationandcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.

Thefactthataircraftmaybevulnerabletointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuseradiosystemsinordertodamagenavigationequipment.Asworrying,though,isthepassengerwhocan’theartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusic’stooloud.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout（

）.

2.Whatissaidabouttheover100aircraftincidentsinthepast15years?

3.Fewairlineswanttoimposeatotalbanontheirpassengersusingelectronicdevicesbecause（

）

4.Whyisitdifficulttopredictthepossibleeffectsofelectromagneticfieldsonanairplane’scomputers?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anewregulationforallairlines

B.thedefectsofelectronicdevices

C.apossiblecauseofaircraftcrashes

D.effectivesafetymeasuresforairflight

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theymayhavebeencausedbythedamagetotheradiosystems

B.Theymayhavetakenplaceduringtake-offandlanding

C.Theywereprovedtohavebeencausedbythepassengers’portablecomputers

D.Theyweresuspectedtohaveresultedfromelectromagneticinterference

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydon’tbelievethereissuchadangerasradiointerference

B.theharmfuleffectofelectromagneticinterferenceisyettobeproved

C.mostpassengersrefusetotakeaplanewhichbanstheuseofradioandcassetteplayers

D.theyhaveothereffectivesafetymeasurestofallbackon

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitisextremelydangeroustoconductsuchresearchonanairplane

B.Becauseitremainsamysterywhatwavelengthsareliabletobeinterferedwith

C.Becauseresearchscientistshavenotbeenabletoproducethatsameeffectsinlabs

D.Becauseexpertslackadequateequipmenttodosuchresearch

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.isinfavorofprohibitingpassenger’useofelectronicdevicescompletely

B.hasoverestimatedthedangerofelectromagneticinterference

C.hasn’tformedhisownopiniononthisproblem

D.regardsitasunreasonabletoexerciseatotalbanduringflight

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章開(kāi)篇第一句話點(diǎn)明主旨:Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass(如今航空公司面臨的最大的安全威脅可能不是持槍的恐怖分子，而是商務(wù)艙里帶著便攜式電腦的乘客)。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference(在過(guò)去的15年中，飛行員報(bào)告說(shuō)100多起事故可能由電磁干擾引起的)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)。根據(jù)題干定位至第二段:mostarereluctanttoenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights(由于許多乘客想在飛行期間工作，多數(shù)航空公司不愿意執(zhí)行全面禁令)。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)。第三段給出了原因:But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.(由于他們無(wú)法在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中重現(xiàn)這些效應(yīng)，他們無(wú)法知道干擾是否有危險(xiǎn))。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)文章大意，可以看出作者的態(tài)度。

4.單選題

Thegapbetweenwhatweknowandallthatcanbeknownseemsnotto（）,butrathertoincreasewitheverynewdiscovery.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.clarify

B.eliminate

C.diminish

D.extinguish

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。clarify“澄清，闡明”；eliminate“消除，淘汰”；diminish“減少，貶低”；extinguish“熄滅，使破滅”。句意：我們知道的事情和未知的事情之間的間距似乎沒(méi)有減少，反而隨著新事物的發(fā)現(xiàn)而增加了。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.單選題

Theyuse___salestacticstodefeattheirmajorcompetitor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.immoral

B.immortal

C.unscrupulous

D.ambitious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)immoral“不道德的（生活作風(fēng)上的道德上的錯(cuò)誤）；邪惡的；淫蕩的”；B選項(xiàng)immortal“不朽的；神仙的；長(zhǎng)生的”；C選項(xiàng)unscrupulous“肆無(wú)忌憚的；寡廉鮮恥的；不講道德的（不誠(chéng)實(shí)或不公平）”；D選項(xiàng)ambitious“野心勃勃的；有雄心的；熱望的；炫耀的”。句意：他們使用___銷(xiāo)售策略來(lái)?yè)魯≈饕母?jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。本句表達(dá)“肆無(wú)忌憚的銷(xiāo)售策略”，指不誠(chéng)信、不公平的銷(xiāo)售手段，和生活作風(fēng)無(wú)關(guān)。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thediscoveryofdistillationisusually（）totheArahsofthe11thcentury.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.accredited

B.credited

C.regarded

D.accomplished

【答案】A

【解析】句意:通常認(rèn)為，蒸餾法是阿拉伯人在11世紀(jì)發(fā)明的。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式表被動(dòng)。Accredit把……歸于；認(rèn)為（某事為某人所說(shuō)、所做），常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常見(jiàn)搭配為sth.tosb.或?sb.withsth.；credit把…記入貸方；認(rèn)為是…的功勞，常用搭配為?A（withB）或?B（toA）；regard將…認(rèn)為；把…視為，常見(jiàn)搭配為sb./sth.（withsth.）或?sb./sth.assth.；accomplish完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)。因此符合句意并且能跟介詞to搭配的為選項(xiàng)A。

7.單選題

Thelossofthe（

）ofhishearingdidn’tstophimfrombeingausefulmemberofthesociety.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ability

B.capability

C.power

D.faculty

【答案】A

【解析】句意:聽(tīng)覺(jué)能力的喪失阻礙不了他成為一名對(duì)社會(huì)有用的人。

考查名詞辨析。Ability能力,才能（指人先天的或?qū)W來(lái)的各種能力）;capability才能，能力，，容量（指勝任某項(xiàng)具體工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未發(fā)揮的潛能）;power功率，力量，能力，政權(quán)，勢(shì)力（泛指一切力量或能力等）;faculty科，系，能力，全體教員（指特殊的才能或智力）。由關(guān)鍵詞hearing(聽(tīng)力)可知這里指先天能力,故選A。

8.單選題

Thetoneofthearticle（）thewriter’smoodatthetime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reproduced

B.reflected

C.imagined

D.imitated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reproduce“復(fù)制，繁殖”；B選項(xiàng)reflect“反射，反應(yīng)”；C選項(xiàng)imagine“想象，猜想”；D選項(xiàng)imitate“模仿，仿制”。句意：這篇文章的語(yǔ)氣反映了作者當(dāng)時(shí)的心情。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Thesedayswehearalotofnonsenseaboutthe“greatclasslesssociety”.Theideathatthe20thcenturyistheageofthecommonmanhasbecomeoneofgreatclichesofourtime.

Thesameoldargumentsareputforwardinevidence.Herearesomeofthem:Monarchyasasystemofgovernmenthascompletelydiscredited.Themonarchiesthatsurvivehavebeendeprivedofallpoliticalpower.Inheritedwealthhasbeensavagelyreducedbytaxationand,intime,thegreatfortuneswilldisappearaltogether.Inanumberofcountriesthevictoryhasbeencomplete.Thepeoplerule;thegreatmillenniumhasbecomeapoliticalreality.Buthasit?Closeexaminationdoesn’tbearouttheclaim.

Itisafallacytosupposethatallmenareequalandthatsocietywillbeleveledoutifyouprovideeverybodywiththesameeducationalopportunities.(Itisdebatablewhetheryoucaneverprovideeveryonewiththesameeducationalopportunities,butthatisanotherquestion.)Thefactisthatnaturedispensesbrainsandabilitywithatotaldisregardfortheprincipleofequality.Theoldrulesofthejungle,“survivalofthefittest”，and“mightisright“arestillwithus.Thespreadofeducationhasdestroyedtheoldclasssystemandcreatedanewone.Rewardsarebasedonmeritfor“aristocracy”read“meritocracy”；inotherrespectssocietyremainsunaltered:theclasssystemisrigidlymaintained

Genuineability,animalcunning,skilltheknackofseizingopportunities,allbringsmaterialrewards.Andwhatisthefirstthingpeopledowhentheybecomerich?Theyusetheirwealthtosecurethebestpossibleopportunitiesfortheirchildren,togivethem“agoodstartinlife”.Forallthelipservicewepaytotheideaofequality.Wedonotconsiderthiswronginthewesternworld.Privateschoolswhichofferunfairadvantagesoverstateschoolsarenotbannedbecauseoneoftheprinciplesinademocracyisthatpeopleshouldbefreetochoosehowtheywilleducatetheirchildren.Inthisway,thenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent:anablechildfromawealthyhomecansucceedfarmorerapidlythanhispoorercounterpart.Wealthisalsousedindiscriminatelytofurtherpoliticalends.Itwouldbealmostimpossibletobecometheleaderofademocracywithoutmassivefinancialbacking.Moneyisaspowerfulaweaponaseveritwas.

Insocietieswhollydedicatedtotheprincipleofsocialequality.Privilegedprivateeducationisforbidden.Butevenherepeoplearerewardedaccordingtotheirabilities.Infact,sogreatistheneedforskilledworkersthattheleastablemaybeneglected.Brightchildrenarecarefullyandexpensivelytrainedtobecomefuturerulers.Intheend,allpoliticalideologiesboildowntothesamething:classdivisionspersistwhetheryouareruledbyafeudalkingoraneducatedpeasant.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

2.Accordingtotheauthor,thesameeducationalopportunitiescan’tgetridofinequalitybecause（

）.

3.Whocanobtainmorerapidsuccess?

4.Whydoestheauthorsaythenewmeritocracycanperpetuateitselftoacertainextent?Because（

）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,“classdivisions”refersto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem.

B.Equalitymeansmoney.

C.Thereisnosuchsocietyasclasslesssociety.

D.Naturecan’tgiveyouaclasslesssociety.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theprinciple“survivalofthefittest”exists.

B.natureignoresequalityindispensingbrainsandability.

C.materialrewardsareforgenuineability.

D.peoplehavethefreedomhowtoeducatetheirchildren.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thosewithwealth.

B.Thosewiththebestbrains..

C.Thosewiththebestopportunities.

D.Thosewhohavetheabilitytocatchatopportunities.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.moneydecideseverything.

B.privateschoolsofferadvantagesoverstateschools.

C.peoplearefreetochoosethewayofeducatingtheirchildren.

D.wealthisusedforpoliticalends.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.therichandthepoor.

B.differentopportunitiesforpeople.

C.oppressorandtheoppressed.

D.geniusandstupidity.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)Equalityofopportunityinthetwentiethcenturyhasnotdestroyedtheclasssystem(20世紀(jì)的機(jī)會(huì)均等并沒(méi)有破壞階級(jí)制度)能更好概括本文主旨。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。作者指出:自然在分配大腦和能力的時(shí)候，完全不考慮平等的原則。有智慧能力才能生存，才能獲報(bào)償，這已經(jīng)是不平等，因此即使獲同樣的受教育的機(jī)會(huì)，也不可能鏟除不平等。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段指出:英才教育在某種程度上是永存的。一個(gè)來(lái)自富有家庭的有能力的孩子要比其對(duì)立面獲得成功要快得多得多。因此推測(cè),有錢(qián)人能夠快速獲得成功。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。英才教育在某種程度上是永存的。因?yàn)橛绣X(qián),才上得起私立學(xué)校。故選A。

5.推斷題。作者強(qiáng)調(diào)窮人,富人在天賦、教育機(jī)會(huì)等方面的差異造成即使是同樣的教育機(jī)會(huì)也不可能鏟除不平等,因此在作者眼里,真正的階級(jí)分化在于貧富差距。

10.單選題

Hewassoangrythathejustcouldn’t（）fromtellingthemwhathethought.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.holdoff

B.holdon

C.holdback

D.holdup

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。holdbackfrom意為“抑制…阻止…”。句意“他非常生氣，忍不住把自己的想法告訴了他們。”選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

11.翻譯題

Twomodesofargumentationhavebeenusedonbehalfofwomen’semancipationinWesternsocieties.Argumentsinwhatcouldbecalledthe“relational”feministtraditionmaintainthedoctrineof“equalityindifference”,orequityasdistinctfromequality.Theycontendthatbiologicaldistinctionsbetweenthesexesresultinanecessarysexualdivisionoflaborinthefamilyandthroughoutsocietyandthatwomen’sprocreativelaboriscurrentlyundervaluedbysociety,tothedisadvantageofwomen.Bycontrast,theindividualistfeministtraditionemphasizesindividualhumanrightsandcerebrates(崇尚)women’squestforpersonalautonomy,whiledownplayingtheimportanceofgenderrolesandminimizingdiscussionofchildbearinganditsattendantresponsibilities.Beforethelatenineteenthcentury,theseviewscoexistedwithinthefeministmovement,oftenwithinthewritingsofthesameindividual.Between1890and1920,however,relationalfeminism,whichhadbeenthedominantstraininfeministthoughtandwhich,stillpredominatesamongEuropeanandnon-Westernfeminists,lostgroundinEnglandandtheUnitedStates.Becausetheconceptofindividualrightswasalreadywell-establishedintheAnglo-Saxonlegalandpoliticaltradition,individualistfeminismcametopredominateinEnglish-speakingcountries.Atthesametime,thegoalsofthetwoapproachesbegantoseemincreasinglyirreconcilable.Individualistfeministsbegantoadvocateatotallygender-blindsystemwithequalrightsforall.Relationalfeminists,whileagreeingthatequaleducationalandeconomicopportunitiesoutsidethehomeshouldbeavailableforallwomen,continuedtoemphasizewomen’sspecialcontributionstosocietyashomemakersandmothers.Theydemandedspecialtreatmentforwomen,includingprotectivelegislationforwomenworkers,state-sponsoredmaternitybenefits,andpaidcompensationforhousework.

Relationalargumentshaveamajorpitfall:becausetheyunderlinewomen’sphysiologicalandpsychologicaldistinctiveness,theyareoftenappropriatedbypoliticaladversariesandusedtoendorsemaleprivilege.Buttheindividualistapproach,byattackinggenderroles,denyingthesignificanceofphysiologicaldifference,andcondemningexistingfamilialinstitutionsashopelesslypatriarchal,hasoftensimplytreatedasirrelevantthefamilyrolesimportanttomanywomen.Iftheindividualistframework,withitsclaimforwomen’sautonomy,couldbeharmonizedwiththefamily-orientedconcernsofrelationalfeminists,amorefruitfulmodelforcontemporaryfeministpoliticscouldemerge.

【答案】相比之下，利己的女權(quán)主義傳統(tǒng)強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人的人權(quán)并崇尚婦女追求個(gè)人的自主，卻貶低性別角色的重要性并減少對(duì)生育子女和撫養(yǎng)子女責(zé)任的探討。

然而，從1890年到1920年，關(guān)系論的女權(quán)主義在女權(quán)思想中占主導(dǎo)地位而且現(xiàn)在仍然在歐洲和非西方女權(quán)主義者中占優(yōu)勢(shì)，它在英國(guó)和美國(guó)失去了影響。

但是利己主義的研究方法，通過(guò)抨擊性別角色，否定生理差別的重要性，譴責(zé)現(xiàn)存家庭體制是不可救藥的家長(zhǎng)制,常常將對(duì)許多婦女來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要的家庭角色僅視為毫不重要的事情。

12.單選題

E-mailisaconvenient,highlydemocraticinformalmediumforconveyingmessagesthat（

）welltohumanneeds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conforms

B.adheres

C.reflects

D.satisfies

【答案】B

【解析】句意:電子郵件是一種方便的、非常大眾化的非正式信息傳遞媒介,它很符合人類(lèi)的需求。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的三單形式。Conform符合,遵照,常與介詞to或with連用;adhere遵守,堅(jiān)持,粘附;reflect反映,反射,反省;satisfy使?jié)M意,滿(mǎn)足,可作及物動(dòng)詞。故B項(xiàng)無(wú)論從語(yǔ)義還是從搭配上都符合題干要求。

13.單選題

Inthemid-1990s,threeseniorfemaleprofessorsatM.I.T.cametosuspectthattheircareershadbeenhamperedbysimilarpatternsofmarginalization.（1）Afterperformingtheinvestigationandstudyingthedata,thecommitteeconcludedthatthemarginalizationexperiencedbyfemalescientistsatM.I.T.“wasoftenaccompaniedbydifferencesinsalary,space，awards,resourcesandresponsetooutsideoffersbetweenmenandwomenfaculty,withwomenreceivinglessdespiteprofessionalaccomplishmentsequaltothoseoftheircolleagues.”Thedeanconcurredwiththecommittee’sfindings.Andyet,aswasnotedinthecommittee’sreport,hisfellowadministrators“resistedthenotionthattherewasanyproblemthatarosefromgenderbiasinthetreatmentofthewomenfaculty.SomearguedthatitwasthemasculinecultureofM.I.T.thatwastoblame,andlittlecouldbedonetochangethat.”

（2）

Thecommittee’smostevocativefindingwasthatthediscriminationfacingfemalescientistsinthefinalquarterof20thcenturywasqualitativelydifferentfromthemoreobviousformsofsexismaddressedbycivilrightslawsandaffirmativeaction,butnolessreal.NoteveryoneagreesthatwhatwasuncoveredatM.I.T.actuallyqualifiesasdiscrimination.

（3）

Eveniffemaleprofessorshavebeenshortchangedorshuntedaside,theirmarginalizationmightbearesultofthesamesortsofdepartmentalinfighting,personalityconflictsand“mistakenimpressionsthatcausemalefacultymemberstofeelslightedaswell.‘‘Perceptionsofdiscriminationareevidenceofnothingbutsubjectivefeelings,”Kleinfeldscoffs.

（4）

InFebruary2012,theAmericanInstituteofPhysicspublishedasurveyof15,000maleandfemalephysicistsacross130countries.

（5）

“Infact,”theresearchersconcluded，“womenphysicistscouldbethemajorityinsomehypotheticalfutureyetstillfindtheircareersexperienceproblemsthatstemfromoftenunconsciousbias.”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Inalmostallcultures,femalescientistsreceivedlessfinancing,labspace,officesupportandgrantsforequipmentandtravel,evenaftertheresearcherscontrolledfordifferencesotherthansex.

B.JudithKleinfeld,aprofessoremeritusinthepsychologydepartmentattheUniversityofAlaska,arguesthattheM.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasivebecausethenumberoffacultymembersinvolvedistoosmallanduniversityofficialsrefusetoreleasethedata.

C.Butbroaderstudiesshowthattheperceptionofdiscriminationisoftenaccompaniedbyaveryrealdifferenceintheallotmentofresources.

D.Yetwomenpursuingtenuretrackmustleaphurdlesthatarehigherthanthosefacingtheirmalecompetitors,oftenwithoutrealizinganysuchdisparityexists.

E.Inotherwords,womendidn’tbecomescientistsbecausescience—andscientists—weremale.

F.Theytookthemattertothedean,whoappointedacommitteeofsixseniorwomenandthreeseniormentoinvestigatetheirconcerns.

【答案】第1題:F

第2題:E

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.聯(lián)系上下文。第二段開(kāi)頭提到committee時(shí)，使用了定冠詞the修飾committee，說(shuō)明前文該詞就已出現(xiàn)過(guò)，選項(xiàng)F中含有committee,也同樣提到了investigate,與下文的investigation呼應(yīng)。

2.聯(lián)系上下文?？崭袂耙痪涮峒皯?yīng)該指責(zé)的是麻省理工學(xué)院的男性文化(masculineculture)，而對(duì)此卻束手無(wú)策。選項(xiàng)E中提及女性沒(méi)有成為科學(xué)家是因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)(或科學(xué)家)都是男性，與前文意思最為接近。

3.聯(lián)系上下文?？崭竦那耙痪渲刑岬讲⒉皇敲恳粋€(gè)人都同意在麻省理工暴露的問(wèn)題就是歧視的這一說(shuō)法，接下來(lái)作者很有可能要舉例說(shuō)明該觀點(diǎn)。另外，第二段末提到了一個(gè)人名Kleinfeld,說(shuō)明上文中一定交代了Kleinfeld的相關(guān)信息，選項(xiàng)中符合語(yǔ)境的只有選項(xiàng)B，其中提及的“M.I.T.studyisn’tpersuasive”與上文信息呼應(yīng)。

4.聯(lián)系上下文?？崭袂暗亩沃刑峒癒leinfeld教授認(rèn)為麻省理工的女性科學(xué)家被邊緣化不是因?yàn)樾詣e歧視，而空格句所在段落的尾句指出大多數(shù)女物理學(xué)家所經(jīng)歷的事業(yè)問(wèn)題通常來(lái)自于無(wú)意識(shí)的偏見(jiàn)(unconsciousbias),前后兩段內(nèi)容相反，由此可知，空格處句子表示轉(zhuǎn)折承接，C、D入選，而只有選項(xiàng)C中提及了discrimination,與下文遙相呼應(yīng)。

5.聯(lián)系上下文。選項(xiàng)A中的inalmostallcultures與上文中的across130countries互相呼應(yīng)。

14.單選題

Egyptianauthoritiesaretryingtopreventtheirhistoricalmonumentsfromsuccumbingtotheravagesoftime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.standingby

B.countingon

C.yieldingto

D.holdingup

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析?！癶istoricalmonuments歷史遺跡”與"theravagesoftime時(shí)間的摧殘"之間的關(guān)系是時(shí)間能摧殘歷史遺跡。句意：埃及政府正努力阻止歷史遺跡（）時(shí)間的摧殘?？赏茢喑鰏uccumbingto是屈服的意思。standby支持，袖手旁觀；counton依賴(lài)，依靠；yieldto屈服，讓步；holdup舉起，阻擋。故C項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

After-salesserviceandguaranteebecomeanintegralandessentialpartofa“goodbrand”onbothlocalandregionallevels,andtheprovisionofsuchalsoproducedsolidgroundforcustomerloyalty.

Customerstodayarealotmoredemandingthanbefore.Beingabletofindafter-salesservicecreatesafeelingofconvenienceandasenseofresponsibilityfromthemanufacturer.Thisisveryimportanttobuildcustomerloyaltyandexplainswhymore24-hourshotlinecentersareavailablenowadays.Productguaranteeisalsooneofthemajorfactorswhenapotentialcustomerdecidestomakeapurchase.Whetherthisbeintheformofawrittenguaranteeoraguaranteebasedonreputation,theimportancetotheconsumerisself-evident.

Abrand’sresearchanddevelopment,anunavoidableinvestment,usuallybackupsafetyguaranteesformarketersnowadays.Producttestingandrefinementareconductedforbothnewandexistingproducts.Withthehelpofcomputerizedmachinery,qualitycontrolhasachievedthehighestlevelthaneverbeforetoenableconsistencyinproduction.Fortheconsumerthismeansaqualityofguaranteeforthatbrandwhetheritbeavailableathomeorabroad.

11.After-salesserviceandguaranteecanproduce____.

12.More24-hourhotlinecentersappearbecause____.

13.Productguarantee____.

14.Producttestingandrefinementareconductedfor____.

15.WhichisNOTmentionedconcerningproductguarantee?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.solidgroundforcustomerloyalty

B.asenseofresponsibility

C.afeelingofconvenience

D.asenseofsatisfaction

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.moreandmorecustomersdemandafter-salesservices

B.therearemoreandmorecomplaintsfromcustomers

C.morecompaniescometorealizetheimportanceofafter-salesservice

D.theyhavebecomeanewtypeofinvestment

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mustbeinwrittenform

B.canbebasedonthecompany’sreputation

C.isnotoftenprovidedbythecompanies

D.oftenfailstomeetinreality

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.newproductsonly

B.qualityproducts

C.dangerousproducts

D.bothnewandexistingproducts

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Abrand’sresearchanddevelopment.

B.Producttestingandrefinement.

C.Qualitycontrol.

D.Productdistribution.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】11.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

After-salesserviceandguaranteecanproduce____.售后服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品保證可以產(chǎn)生____。

A.solidgroundforcustomerloyaltyA.客戶(hù)忠誠(chéng)度的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)

B.asenseofresponsibilityB.責(zé)任感

C.afeelingofconvenienceC.一種便利的感覺(jué)

D.asenseofsatisfactionD.滿(mǎn)足感

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞After-salesserviceandguarantee和produce定位到原文第一段。該段提到“售后服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品保證（After-salesserviceandguarantee）成為一個(gè)‘好品牌’在地方和地區(qū)層面上不可或缺的組成部分，這也為客戶(hù)忠誠(chéng)度提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)（producedsolidgroundforcustomerloyalty）。”實(shí)際上，第二段前半段寫(xiě)售后服務(wù)的重要性，后半段寫(xiě)產(chǎn)品保證的重要性。綜上所述，A選項(xiàng)“客戶(hù)忠誠(chéng)度的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)”最符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“責(zé)任感”，可定位到原文第二段第二句，該句提到“能夠找到售后服務(wù)（Beingabletofindafter-salesservice），創(chuàng)造了一種便利的感覺(jué)，并且體現(xiàn)了制造商的責(zé)任感（asenseofresponsibility）?！庇纱丝芍?，產(chǎn)生“制造商的責(zé)任感”的是“能夠找到售后服務(wù)”，并沒(méi)有包括“產(chǎn)品保證”，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

C選項(xiàng)“一種便利的感覺(jué)”，可定位到原文第二段第二句，該句提到“能夠找到售后服務(wù)（Beingabletofindafter-salesservice），創(chuàng)造了一種便利的感覺(jué)（afeelingofconvenience）和制造商的責(zé)任感。”由此可知，產(chǎn)生“便利的感覺(jué)”的是“能夠找到售后服務(wù)”，并沒(méi)有包括“產(chǎn)品保證”，該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)“滿(mǎn)足感”，原文并未提及，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

12.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

More24-hourhotlinecentersappearbecause____.更多的24小時(shí)熱線中心出現(xiàn)是因?yàn)開(kāi)___。

A.moreandmorecustomersdemandafter-salesservicesA.越來(lái)越多的客戶(hù)要求售后服務(wù)

B.therearemoreandmorecomplaintsfromcustomersB.客戶(hù)的抱怨越來(lái)越多了

C.morecompaniescometorealizetheimportanceofafter-salesserviceC.越來(lái)越多的公司開(kāi)始意識(shí)到售后服務(wù)的重要性

D.theyhavebecomeanewtypeofinvestmentD.他們已經(jīng)成為一種新的投資方式

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞24-hourhotline和because定位到原文第二段第三句，該句提到“這（This）對(duì)建立客戶(hù)忠誠(chéng)度非常重要，也解釋了為什么現(xiàn)在有更多的24小時(shí)熱線中心可使用?！薄斑@（This）”指代的是前文提到的“現(xiàn)在的客戶(hù)比以前要求更高了。能夠找到售后服務(wù)，創(chuàng)造了一種便利的感覺(jué)和制造商的責(zé)任感?！逼渲?，后者是“售后服務(wù)的重要性”。由此推斷，之所以越來(lái)越多的公司設(shè)立24小時(shí)服務(wù)熱線，是因?yàn)樗麄円庾R(shí)到售后服務(wù)可以給現(xiàn)在要求越來(lái)越高的客戶(hù)帶來(lái)一種便利的感覺(jué)，并且讓他們感受到公司的責(zé)任感。因此，C選項(xiàng)“越來(lái)越多的公司開(kāi)始意識(shí)到售后服務(wù)的重要性”符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“越來(lái)越多的客戶(hù)要求售后服務(wù)”，原文雖然提到了現(xiàn)在的客戶(hù)要求更高了，但并沒(méi)有提到他們的要求是售后服務(wù)，也沒(méi)有提到提要求的客戶(hù)更多了，該選項(xiàng)屬于過(guò)度推理；

B選項(xiàng)“客戶(hù)的抱怨越來(lái)越多了”，原文只是提到客戶(hù)的要求更高了，但這并不意味著客戶(hù)的抱怨更多了，該選項(xiàng)屬于推理過(guò)度；

D選項(xiàng)“他們已經(jīng)成為一種新的投資方式”，investment可以定位到原文第三段第一句，該句提到“品牌的研發(fā)（Abrand’sresearchanddevelopment）是一項(xiàng)不可避免的投資。”由此可知，原文提到的“投資”是“產(chǎn)品研發(fā)”，而不是“售后服務(wù)和保障”；并且原文并未提到“售后服務(wù)和保障”是“一種新的投資方式”，該選項(xiàng)屬于無(wú)中生有。

13.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Productguarantee____.產(chǎn)品保證____。

A.