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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南昌航空大學科技學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld(

)afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin(

).

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

).

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris(

).

問題1選項

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

問題2選項

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

問題3選項

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

問題4選項

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

問題5選項

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次舉辦殘疾人運動會是在1948年,SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年從納粹德國被驅趕到英國,因此選C。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.(1960年,第一屆殘疾人奧運會在羅馬舉行)可知選C。

3.詞義題。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.(在1984年輪椅奧運會上,來自大約40個國家的1604名輪椅……參加了比賽)可知“athlete”是指參加比賽的人,A選項“支持者”,B選項“觀看者”,C選項“組織者”,D選項“競爭者”,因此選D。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.(1939年從納粹德國被驅趕到英國的SirLudwigGuttmann,被英國政府要求在倫敦附近的MandevilleHospital設立一個受傷中心。他對治療受傷的想法包括殘疾人運動)可知A、C、D選項正確,B選項“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受傷的士兵”并沒有在文中提及,因此選B。

5.觀點態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.(奧運會在增進國際友誼和理解方面取得了巨大的成功,也證明了殘疾并不意味著你不能享受體育運動……也許還需要再過幾年,才能說服那些幸運到沒有殘疾的人,他們的殘疾運動員不應該被排除在奧運會外)可知作者是支持殘疾人運動會的,因此D選項“支持為殘疾人舉辦比賽”符合題意。

2.單選題

Thefamousinventorwasawardedan()_doctoratebytheuniversity.

問題1選項

A.honorary

B.honorable

C.honored

D.honorific

【答案】A

【解析】形近異義詞辨析。honorary“榮譽的”;honorable“可敬的”;honored“受尊敬的”;honorific“表示敬意的”。句意:這位著名的發(fā)明家被這個大學授予了榮譽的博士學位。選項A符合題意。

3.單選題

Whiletyping,Helenhasahabitofstopping()togiveherlongandflowinghairasmooth.

問題1選項

A.occasionally

B.simultaneously

C.eventually

D.promptly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項occasionally“偶爾,間或”;B選項simultaneously“同時”;C選項eventually“最后,終于”;D選項promptly“迅速地,立即地”。句意:海倫打字時,習慣_____停下來梳理一下她那飄逸的長發(fā)。這里表示的是“偶爾停下來”,因此A選項符合題意。

4.單選題

1.Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking.

2.WhenChineseandAmericanstudentscomparedproverbsfromtheircountriestheyagreed:

Chineseproverbsgenerallyadvocatedgreaterrisk-takingthandidAmericanproverbs.

3.TheseresultshelpexplainearlierresearchthathasfoundChinesecitizensareindeedmorewilling

totakefinancialrisksthanareAmericans,saidElkeWeber,coauthorofthestudyandaprofessorofpsychologyatOhioStateUniversity.

4.“Proverbsarepartofanation’scultureandreflectthenation’sbeliefsandvalues,”saidWeber.“By

lookingatproverbs,wewereabletoshowthatlong-standingculturaldifferencesareonereasonthattheChinesearemorerisk-seekingthanAmericanswhenitcomestofinancialissues,”Webersaid.

5.WeberconductedthestudywithChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicagoandJoanna

SokolowskaoftheAcademyofSciencesinWarsaw,Poland.TheresultswerepublishedinarecentissueofthejournalOrganizationalBehaviorandHumanDecisionProcesses.

6.StudentsfromthetwocountriesratedAmericanproverbssuchas“Abirdinthehandisworthtwo

inthebush,”andChineseproverbssuchas“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”

7.Thestudyalsofoundsomedifferencesinhowstudentsfromthetwocountriesviewedproverbs.

Forexample,Chinesecitizensgenerallyviewedproverbsasadvocatingmoreriskinfinancialsituationsthaninsocialsituations.TherewasnosuchdistinctionmadebyAmericanparticipants.

8.WebersaidthecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—

allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis.However,becauseoftheimportanceoftheirsocialnetwork,Chinesearelesswillingtotakesocialrisksinwhichtheymightalienatefriendsorfamily.

9.InAmerica’sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon’t

havethe“cushion”ofasocialnetworktofallbackon,Webersaid.Ontheotherhand,Americansdon’thavetoworryasmuchabouttheirsocialnetwork.“Theproverbsofeachcountryreflectthesedifferingculturalvaluesandconcerns,”Webersaid.

10.Inonestudy,82Americanand87Chinesecollegestudentswereaskedtorate34proverbs—17

fromeachcountry—thathadsomeadviceaboutdealingwithrisk.Theproverbsweretranslatedintotheparticipants’nativelanguagesandparticipantswerenottoldwhichcountrytheproverbswerefrom.

11.Theparticipantswerethenaskedifeachproverbpromotedriskaversionorriskseekingintwo

differentsituations,onefinancialandonesocial.Theyratedtheproverbsonafive-pointscaleinwhich1wasrisk-averse,3wasneutraland5wasriskseeking.

12.TheparticipantsfromeachcountryratedChineseproverbsasmoreriskseekingingeneralthan

theAmericanproverbs,Webersaid.Forexample,inonegroupofproverbs,AmericanstudentsgavetheAmericanproverbsanaveragescoreof2.83,andtheChineseproverbsanaveragescoreof3.07.

13.However,WebersaidtheevidencewasclearthatChinesepeoplebelieveproverbsadvocatemore

riskseekinginfinancialsituationsthantheydoinsocialsituations.

14.Inaddition,Chineseproverbsseemtodealmorewiththeproblemsofsocialrisk-takingthando

Americanproverbs,reflectingthecountries’differingvalues.Forexample,Americanstudentssaid95percentofAmericanproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisions,butonly63percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.ButAmericansthought78percentofChineseproverbswereapplicabletofinancialdecisionsand73percentwereapplicabletosocialdecisions.

15.“TheChinesearemuchmoreinterestedthanAmericansinprotectingtheirsocialnetworks.”

Webersaid.“ThesefindingsareconsistentwiththenotionthatChinais,andhaslongbeen,acollectivistsocietyandAmericaanindividualisticone.”

16.Asecondstudy,whichalsoincludedGermanproverbs,foundthatpeopleratedGermanproverbs

inbetweenthosefromAmericaandChina—butclosertoChinese—intermsofriskseekingandriskaversion.Thatmakessense,Webersaid,becauseGermancultureisquitecollectivistinasocialsense,muchlikeChina’s,eventhoughthecountryhasaneconomicsystemthatismorelikeAmerica’s.

17.Webersaidthisresearchisimportantforseveralreasons.Forone,itshowshowresearcherscan

useculturalproducts—suchasproverbs,novels,ornurseryrhymes—tohelpexplaincross-culturaldifferencesinbeliefsandbehavior.Theseresultsalsohaveapracticaluseinhelpingpeopleinvolvedininternationalnegotiationstobetterunderstandculturaldifferences.“Whenyouaredealingwithsomeonefromanothercountry,itisimportanttoknowiftherearedifferencesinperceptionsorvaluesthatcanaffectnegotiations.Inthiscase,ifyouknowtheotherpersonhasdifferentriskperceptionsorriskpreferencesthanyou,itispossibletodevelopanagreementthatleavesbothsidesbetteroff.”

1.Thestudyusedproverbsbecause(

).

2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheproverbs"Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush"and"Failureisthemotherofsuccess"?

3.TheChineseadvocatemorerisk-takinginfinancialsituationsbecause

).

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueofasocietythatemphasizesindividualvalues?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeconcludedfromthepassage?

I.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstoriskhimselffinancially.

II.Apersonwhoenjoysgoodsocialrelationstendstobeconcernedabouttheproblemtherein.

III.Apersonwhodoesn'tcareaboutsocialnetworktendstotakemoresocialrisks.

問題1選項

A.ChinaandAmericahaveapproximatelythesamenumberofproverbs

B.mostproverbsdealwithrisk-taking

C.thesubjectshadalargerepertoireofproverbs

D.proverbsareculture-ladenexpressions

問題2選項

A.Theyarethemostquotedproverbs.

B.Theyrevealdifferentattitudestowardrisk-taking.

C.Theyinvolvedifferentimages.

D.Theyexpressthesameproposition.

問題3選項

A.theyareaheadlongpeople

B.theyarefinanciallydisadvantaged

C.theyhavethe"cushion"ofsocialnetwork

D.theyhavemorefinancialopportunities

問題4選項

A.Itscitizenstendtocareaboutsocialnetwork.

B.Itscitizensarefamily-oriented.

C.Itscitizensarerisk-taking.

D.Itscitizenscaremoreaboutthemselvesfinancially.

問題5選項

A.Ionly

B.IIonly

C.BothIandIII

D.I,IIandIII

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據題干中的proverbs可定位到文章第四段中,由Proverbsarepartofanation'scultureandreflectthenation'sbeliefsandvalues(諺語是一個民族文化的組成部分反映了該民族的信仰和價值觀)可知D選項“諺語是文化的表達方式”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第一段中的Anewstudyusesanunusualsource—proverbs—revealculturaldifferencesinhowChineseandAmericancitizensviewrisksandrisk-taking(揭示中美兩國公民如何看待風險和冒險的文化差異)可知B選項“它們揭示了人們對冒險的不同態(tài)度”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據題干中的financialsituations可定位到文章第八段中,由thecollectivistcultureofChina―aculturethatemphasizescommitmenttofamily—allowspeopletotakegreaterfinancialrisksbecausecitizensknowtheirnetworkoffriendsandfamilywillhelptheminacrisis(中國的集體主義文化——強調對家庭的承諾的文化——允許人們承擔更大的經濟風險,因為民眾知道他們的與朋友和家人之間的聯系將在危機中幫助他們)可知人們可以在危險關頭依靠他們的社交網絡,因此C選項“他們擁有社交網絡的‘緩沖’”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。根據題干中的individualvalues可定位到文章第九段中,由InAmerica'sindividualisticculture,peoplehavetobemorecarefulfinanciallybecausetheydon'thavethe"cushion"ofasocialnetworktofallbackon(在美國的個人主義文化中,人們必須在財政上更加謹慎,因為他們沒有可以依靠的社交網絡關系)可知D選項“它的民眾在經濟上更關心自己”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。通讀全文,可知在集體主義文化中,人們因為可以依靠親友這樣的社會關系網,更愿意冒險,但也會因為怕失去親友,而不會冒太大的風險;在個人主義文化中,因為沒有可依靠的社會關系網,人們不會冒太大的金融風險,相比之下,他們會冒更大的社會風險。故題目中的三種說法都正確,因此選D。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

不列顛的超市業(yè)主們很少如此心懷忐忑地期待著圣誕節(jié)的銷售業(yè)績。在2014年,大部分超市,特別是樂購(TESCO)這個市場領頭羊,過得很艱難。超低折扣商鋪,持續(xù)挖它們的墻角,侵吞他們的市場份額,而下降的食物價格也使得超市的利潤率降低。臨近圣誕節(jié)和新年的幾周通常是超市的旺盛銷售時期,它們在此期間能否喘一口氣?

涂鴉畫可能最終會消失。但是直至現在,這種愛好仍然受到人們的尊敬。一位涂鴉畫家說,他有很多朋友曾經癡迷于在火車車皮廂上作畫?,F在有了妻兒,他們只有周末去廢棄的倉庫墻上大展身手。這己經成了周日下午的慣例——一種比坐在電視機前看足球略微健康的消遣。

【答案】RarelyhavetheChristmasresultsforBritain'ssupermarketsbeenawaitedwithsuchtrepidation.Mostofthem,especiallythemarketleader,TESCO,struggledin2014.Thehard-discountstorescontinuedtoundercutthem,gobblingupmarketshare,whilefallingfoodpricesateintotheirprofits.WouldtheseveralweeksleadinguptoChristmasandNewYear'sDay,generallythestrongestsalesperiod,bringthemsomerelief?

Graffitimayeventuallydisappear.Butuntilnowthishobbyisstillrespectedbypeople.Onegraffitiartistsaysthathehasalotoffriendswhowereonceobsessedwithpaintingonthesurfaceoftraincompartment.Nowwithwivesandchildren,theyonlyhavetimeattheweekendtopaintonthewallsofabandonedwarehouses.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon—aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingwatchingthefootball.

6.單選題

Agoodmanyhouses()knockeddownbytheearthquake.

問題1選項

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

【答案】B

【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。根據題干中的houses可知空格處的be動詞應填復數形式,故排除A選項和C選項。句意:許多房子在地震中被震垮了。根據句意可知地震是過去發(fā)生的事情,所以用wereknockeddown,即被動式的過去,因此B選項正確。

7.單選題

ThedestructionoftheTwinTowersinNewYorkCity_______shockandangerthroughouttheworld.

問題1選項

A.tempted

B.provoked

C.summoned

D.enveloped

【答案】B

【解析】tempted引誘,誘導;provoked激起,引起;summoned傳喚,召集;enveloped包圍,包封,遮蓋。句意:紐約雙子塔的毀壞在全世界引起了震驚和憤怒。選項B符合句意。

8.單選題

Notaskissodifficult(

).

問題1選項

A.thatwecanaccomplishit

B.astobeunabletoaccomplishit

C.butwecanaccomplishit

D.butwecannotaccomplishit

【答案】C

【解析】句意:不管任務有多困難,我們都能完成。

語法題??疾榉穸ň涞奶厥庥梅?。But可以表示否定意義,相當于“that...not”,因此,butwecanaccomplishit相當于“thatwecannotaccomplishit”。

9.單選題

Itisreportedthatthirtypeoplewerekilledina(

)ontherailwayyesterday.

問題1選項

A.collision

B.collaboration

C.corrosion

D.confrontation

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項collision“碰撞”;B選項collaboration“合作,勾結”;C選項corrosion“腐蝕,侵蝕”;D選項confrontation“對抗,面對”,根據空格前后的句子成分判斷,這里應該填一個名詞,充當介詞的賓語,從句意思是“有30人在昨天的鐵路撞擊事故中喪生”,可知空格部分單詞為“撞擊事故”,句意為:據報道有30人在昨天的鐵路撞擊事故中喪生。故正確答案A。

10.翻譯題

1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)

It’sanotherbad-airdayinBeijing.Youcanbarelysee.Youcanbarelybreathe.Butyoucanfeel—andeventaste—thegritfloatingintheair.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhassethealthylevelofAirQualityIndexat25micrograms,whileBeijingconsidersa300readingas“Bad”and500as“Hazardous.”Lastweekend,however,itbreached700!“I’mgettingitchy,”complainedmydaughterMichelle,visitingusfromNewYork.“Icouldfeelitatthebackofmythroat.”

LongtimeexpatriateresidentsintheChinesecapitaljokinglycallitthe“Beijingtickle(癢癢)”,anaggingcoughthattakesalongtimetoshrugoff.

【答案】北京又是一個空氣不好的日子。你幾乎看不見。你幾乎不能呼吸。但你能感覺到——甚至嘗到——漂浮在空氣中的沙礫。世界衛(wèi)生組織將空氣質量指數的健康水平定為25微克,而北京認為300微克是“不好的”,500微克是“危險的”。然而,上周末,空氣質量指數突破了700微克!“我有點癢!”米歇爾來紐約時抱怨道,“我能感覺到它在我的喉嚨后面?!?/p>

在中國首都的長期外籍居民開玩笑地稱之為“北京癢癢”,需要很長時間才能擺脫的持續(xù)咳嗽。

11.單選題

Theheatinsummerisnoless(

)hereinthismountainregion.

問題1選項

A.concentrated

B.extensive

C.intense

D.intensive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。concentrated意為“集中的”;extensive意為“廣泛的”;intense意為“激烈的,強烈的,非常的”;intensive意為“加強的,集中的”。

句意:這個山區(qū)夏天的酷熱也同樣強烈。

12.單選題

Pricetouchedsomethingnear()bottomthisyear.

問題1選項

A.cap

B.water

C.rock

D.pot

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項cap“蓋;帽子;脫帽致意;覆蓋;勝過;給……戴帽;加蓋于”;B選項water“水;海水;雨水;海域,大片的水”;C選項rock“巖石;搖滾樂;暗礁;搖晃”;D選項pot“壺;盆;罐;把……裝罐;射擊;節(jié)略”。根據固定搭配rockbottom“最低點;受挫”可知該題選rock。句意:這一年物價接近低谷。因此C選項正確。

13.單選題

Wehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarming?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,Whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter(微博).Youcanwriteyourownlist.

There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasflourished.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.

Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.

Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos,inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,history,andphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.

Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digests”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentationofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.

Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.

Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.

1.Whichofthefollowingparagraphsbrieflyreviewsthehistoricalchallengesforreading?

2.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPT().

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttodescribehowtheauthorfeelstowardsingle-sentence-longnovels?

4.Accordingtothepassage,peopleneedknowledgeofmoderntechnologyand()tosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.ParagraphOne

B.ParagraphTwo

C.ParagraphThree

D.ParagraphFour

問題2選項

A.multimodalcontent

B.environmentalfriendliness

C.convenienceforreaders

D.imaginativedesign

問題3選項

A.Ironic

B.Worried

C.Sarcastic

D.Doubtful

問題4選項

A.goodjudgment

B.highsensitivity

C.goodimagination

D.theabilitytofocus

問題5選項

A.Technologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwriting

B.Interconnectivityisafeatureofnewreadingexperience

C.Technologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreading

D.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofreadingpractice

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.段落大意題。題干:哪一個段落簡要回顧了閱讀的歷史挑戰(zhàn)?根據題干關鍵詞historicalchallengesforreading定位至第二段第1-2句There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.(很長一段時間以來,一直有關于文化文明即將滅亡的警告。在20世紀,首先是電影,然后是廣播,然后是電視,似乎預示著文字世界的毀滅。),第一句話表明本段將會回顧閱讀在以前的歷史時期經歷過的挑戰(zhàn),第二句話就說明了曾經有來自于哪幾方面的挑戰(zhàn),所以B選項“第二段”,是本題的正確答案;文章第一段講的是當今閱讀面臨衰退的危機及原因;第三段講我們其實無需對現代科技發(fā)展過慮;第四段的中心是現代科技帶給閱讀的好處,所以都應排除。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是B選項。

2.事實細節(jié)題。題干:以下都被認為是電子書的優(yōu)點,除了_______。由題干定位到文章第三段最后一句話DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.(像Kindle這樣的閱讀設備比傳統的紙質書更方便,也更環(huán)保),所以B選項“環(huán)境友好”和C選項“方便讀者”,符合題意;第四段第三句指出ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos(電子書可以為讀者提供無限數量的鏈接:文本、圖片和視頻),可見電子圖書的內容豐富形式多樣,A選項“多模式的內容”是對該句中提及優(yōu)勢的概括,所以A選項也符合題意;第四段的第二句話Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.(互聯性使閱讀經驗成為可能,這是以前幾乎無法想象的。),是說閱讀經歷是從前無法想象的,而不是電子圖書的設計具有想象力,故D選項“富有想象力的設計”,屬于曲解文章意思。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是D選項。

3.推理判斷題。題干:以下哪個選項能最好地描述作者對單句小說的感覺?由題干的關鍵詞“single-sentence-long”定位至第五段。該段首句作者就指出thereisthedangeroftrivialization(有一個風險是閱讀的淺薄化),并在該段最后一句中指出Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.(目前存在的危險是:互聯網的高速連接會減少我們注意力的持續(xù)時間,結果是我們不能夠閱讀長篇論著,或是閱讀需要高度集中注意力的書籍。),這些均表明了作者的擔心,故B選項“擔心的”,符合題意;A選項“諷刺的”,C選項“挖苦的”和D選項“懷疑的”,根據文義,作者并無諷刺,懷疑的意思,排除A、C、D選項。綜上所述,本題正確答案是B選項。

4.事實細節(jié)題。題干:根據文章,人們需要現代技術和_______的知識來在快速變化的社會中生存。根據題干定位到文章第六段最后一句話Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.(我們的社會需要能夠想象出這樣一種可能性:一個人與現代技術完全合拍,但又能夠理解一個動態(tài)的、令人困惑的世界。),可知knowledgeofmoderntechnology對應intunewithmoderntechnology,而makesenseofadynamic,confusingworld則對應A選項“良好的判斷力”,故A選項為答案。B選項“高度敏感性”,C選項“豐富的想象力”和D選項“集中注意力的能力”與原句中makesenseof的意思相距甚遠,故排除。綜上所述,本題正確答案是A選項。

5.主旨大意題。題干:文章的主題思想是?本文開篇提到了互聯網的出現對閱讀造成的影響。之后回顧了過去科技的發(fā)展曾經對閱讀構成的威脅,接著講到閱讀的新趨勢和方式。第五段說明科技的發(fā)展對閱讀所造成的具體影響。第六段提到現實世界中需要什么樣的人——既適應現代技術的發(fā)展,又理解現在的變化。末段提到閱讀本身也曾經是個挑戰(zhàn),引發(fā)人們思考如何應對現代科技對閱讀構成的威脅。雖然文章沒有明確提出中心思想,首段還提到互聯網造成了閱讀人數的下降,但隨后各部分內容并沒有對科技發(fā)展做出否定,而是為人們指明了正確的方向和途徑,尤其末段說明了事物的兩面性,C選項“技術對于傳統閱讀來說既是機遇,也是挑戰(zhàn)”,很好地概括了文章的主旨大意,故為正確答案。由第三段第二句Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.(過去二十年的電子和數字革命可以說為閱讀和寫作指明了前進的道路。),可知A選項“科技推動了閱讀和寫作的發(fā)展”是該段內容,而非全文中心意思,故排除;B選項“互聯性是新閱讀體驗的特征”是對第四段第二句的解釋,屬于細節(jié)內容,故排除;D選項“科技提供了更多種類的閱讀實踐”是對第四段第三句的概括,與主旨無關,故排除。綜上所述,本題正確答案是C選項。

14.單選題

Despitetheirgoodservice,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotelsof______standards.

問題1選項

A.equivalent

B.alike

C.uniform

D.likely

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.equivalent(價值、數量、意義、重要性等)相等的,相同的B.alike相像;十分相似

C.uniform一致的;統一的D.likely可能的;預料的

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據句子可知,mostinnsarelesscostlythanhotels(大多數小旅館比酒店便宜)用到了比較級,而比較通常是在同等的條件下進行,所以空格處應該表示“相同的”,該題選擇A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】盡管他們的服務很好,大多數小旅館比同等標準的酒店便宜。

15.單選題

Schoolchildrenoughttobe()totheirparentsandteachers.

問題1選項

A.alien

B.transient

C.obedient

D.current

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項alien“外國的;相異的”;B選項transient“短暫的;路過的”;C選項obedient“服從的;孝順的”;D選項current“現在的;最近的”。句意:學齡兒童應該……父母和老師。句中主語是Schoolchildren,由關鍵信息totheirparentsandteachers“對其父母和老師”要服從。因此C選項符合題意。

16.單選題

Iaskedthecounselortogivemea()estimateofthefeeofdefendingmycaseincourt.

問題1選項

A.rude

B.crude

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項rude表示“粗魯的;無禮的,未開化的”,B選項crude表示“粗糙的,天然的,未加工的”,C選項rough表示“粗糙的,粗略的,艱苦的,未加工的”,D選項coarse表示“粗鄙的;粗糙的”。根據關鍵詞estimate可知,我讓律師對我的案件上庭辯護所需費用進行粗略估算。因此,只有C項最符合原文語境,故本題正確答案為C選項。

17.單選題

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore_______tolightthanhumaneyes.

問題1選項

A.glowing

B.sensitive

C.brilliant

D.gloomy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項glowing“灼熱的;熱情洋溢的;鮮艷的”;B選項sensitive“敏感的;感覺的;靈敏的;感光的;易受傷害的;易受影響的”;C選項brilliant“燦爛的,閃耀的;杰出的;有才氣的;精彩的,絕妙的”;D選項gloomy“黑暗的;沮喪的;陰郁的”。句意:雖然貓在完全黑暗中看不見東西,但它們的眼睛比人眼對光更敏感。因此B選項正確。

18.單選題

Yourfailureinthefinalexaminationisduetothefactthatyoudidn’t______enoughimportancetoyourEnglish.

問題1選項

A.put

B.attach

C.render

D.place

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A項put“放,賦予”,B項attach“貼上,系上”,C項render“回報,援助”,D項place“放置,寄予”。根據空格后的關鍵詞importance“重要性”可知,attachimportancetosth.固定搭配,表示“重視”。句意:你期末考試不及格是由于你對英語不夠重視。因此,該題選擇B項正確。

19.單選題

Theideaoftravelingthrough(

)spacetootherplanetsinterestsmanypeopletoday.

問題1選項

A.a

B.the

C./

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】考查冠詞。句意:漫游太空去另一個星球這個想法現在引起了很多人的興趣。

sun、star一樣是物質名詞,是獨一無二的事物,所以前面應該加定冠詞the,因此答案選C。特指世界上獨一無二的事物或自然現象。但space表示“太空”,nature表示“大自然”時,均不能與冠詞連用。

20.單選題

Thevolcanolaid(

)now,butwefeltsureitwoulderuptagainwithintheyear.

問題1選項

A.inactive

B.slack

C.elevated

D.inattentive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。inactive“不活動的,不活躍的”;slack“懶惰的,懈怠的”;elevate“舉起,提起”;inattentive“不注意的,漫不經心的”;根據句意‘盡管火山目前是(

)狀態(tài),但是我們確信今年它會再次噴發(fā)?!_定A選項正確。

21.單選題

Hewouldgotoendless()tohelpanyonehethoughtworthyofencouragement.

問題1選項

A.difficulty

B.obstacle

C.trouble

D.nuisance

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A:difficulty“困難”;B:obstacle“障礙”;C:trouble“麻煩”;D:nuisance“討厭的東西(人,行為)麻煩事”。句意:他幫助任何他認為值得鼓勵的人會帶來無盡的麻煩。結合此處語境,C為正確答案。

22.單選題

Einsteindiscoveredthelawsthatgoverntheuniverse,notinalaborinan(

),butatthedeskinhisstudy.

問題1選項

A.orchard

B.orbit

C.observatory

D.outlet

【答案】C

【解析】句意:愛因斯坦不是在實驗室或者天文臺發(fā)現了宇宙的規(guī)律,而是在他的書房的桌子上。

名詞辨析。Orchard果園,果樹林;orbit軌道,眼眶;observatory天文臺,氣象臺;outlet出口,排放孔??崭駪撆cor連接的lab(實驗室)并列,故選C。

23.填空題

ArecentsurveyfoundthatmorethanhalfofallBritishcompaniesincludePRaspartoftheircorporateplanningactivities,comparedtoaboutonethirdofU.S.companies.Itmaynotbelong

whenLondonreplacesNewYorkasthecapital

A

B

C

D

ofPR.

【答案】Dwhen改為before

【解析】【考查點】從句。

【解題思路】D部分到句子結尾是時間狀語從句,表示用不了多久倫敦就會取代紐約,引導詞用before,表示在倫敦取代紐約要不了多長時間。

【句意】最近的一項調查發(fā)現,超過一半的英國公司將公關作為公司規(guī)劃活動的一部分,而美國公司的這一比例只有三分之一。用不了多久,倫敦就會取代紐約成為

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