考研考博-英語(yǔ)-博爾塔拉職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-博爾塔拉職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

7.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shedisagreeswiththeman.

B.Shecouldn’tagreewiththemanmore.

C.It'shardforthemtofulfilltheirplans.

D.It’simpossibletogetmoneyfromGatesFoundation.

【答案】B

【解析】M:ThismoneyfromtheGatesFoundationwillhelpuswithourplans.

W:Howcoulditnot?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

【解析】態(tài)度方向題。女士回答：Howcoulditnot，即她非常同意男士說(shuō)的。

2.單選題

Plagiarismiswidelyrecognizedasahighcrimeagainsttheprojectofscience,buttheexplanationsforwhyit’sharmfulgenerally（1）itlooklikeadifferentkindofcrimethanfabricationandfalsification.（2），KennethD.Pimpleclaimsthatplagiarismisnotan

（3）

thatunderminestheknowledge-buildingprojectofscience.Rather,thecrimeisindeprivingotherscientistsoftherewardtheyare

（4）

forparticipatinginthisknowledge-buildingproject.

（5）

,Pimplesaysthatplagiarismisproblematicnotbecauseitisdishonest,butratherbecauseitisunfair.

WhileIthinkPimpleisrighttoidentifyanadditionalcomponentofresponsibleconductofscience

（6）

honesty,namely,acertainkindoffairnesstoone’s

（7）

scientists.Ialsothinkthisanalysisofplagiarismmissesanimportant

（8）

inwhichmisrepresentingthesourceofwords,ideas,methods,orresultscan

（9）

theknowledge-buildingprojectofscience.

Onthesurface,plagiarism,while

（10）

nastytothepersonwhosereportisbeingstolen,mightseemnottounderminethescientificcommunity’s

（11）

ofthephenomena.Wearestill,afterall,bringingtogetherand

（12）

anumberofdifferentobservationreportstodeterminethestablefeaturesofourexperienceofthephenomenon.

（13）

thiscomparisonofteninvolvesadialogueaswell.Aspartoftheknowledge-buildingproject,fromtheearliestplanningoftheirexperimentstowellafterresultsarepublished,scientistsare

（14）

inaskingandansweringquestionsaboutthedetailsoftheexperienceandoftheconditions

（15）

whichthephenomenonwasobserved.Misrepresentingsomeoneelse’shonestobservationreportasone’sownstripsthereportofaccurateinformationforsuchadialogue.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.make

B.get

C.have

D.help

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Therefore

B.Sofar

C.However

D.Forexample

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.excuse

B.ideology

C.object

D.offense

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.competing

B.attracted

C.due

D.craving

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Ontheotherhand

B.Inotherwords

C.Byandby

D.Inthemeanwhile

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.besides

B.towards

C.except

D.for

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.fellow

B.rival

C.team

D.peer

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.chance

B.way

C.reason

D.base

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.stimulate

B.construct

C.undermine

D.assess

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.surprisingly

B.accordingly

C.potentially

D.necessarily

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.knowledge

B.discovery

C.creation

D.evaluation

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.presenting

B.comparing

C.submitting

D.producing

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.So

B.While

C.But

D.And

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.devoted

B.scheduled

C.committed

D.engaged

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.under

C.for

D.around

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:C

第10題:C

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:B

【解析】（1）考察動(dòng)詞辨析。make使；get到達(dá)，獲得；have擁有；help幫助。句意：剽竊被廣泛認(rèn)定為是對(duì)科研項(xiàng)目的犯罪，但對(duì)其為何有害的解釋使它看上去不同于偽造和篡改這兩種行為。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（2）考察邏輯連接詞。Therefore于是（表示結(jié)果）；Sofar到目前為止（表示時(shí)間）；However然而（表示轉(zhuǎn)折）；Forexample例如，比如（舉例說(shuō)明）。句意：例如，KennethD.Pimple聲稱…選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（3）考察名詞辨析。excuse借口；ideology思想意識(shí)；object物體，目標(biāo)；offense冒犯行為。句意：KennethD.Pimple聲稱剽竊不是破壞科學(xué)知識(shí)建構(gòu)的一種冒犯行為。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（4）考察形容詞辨析。competing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，抵觸的；attracted被吸引的；due應(yīng)得的，預(yù)期的；craving渴望的。句意：剽竊這種行為剝奪了其他科學(xué)家從事知識(shí)構(gòu)建應(yīng)得的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（5）考察邏輯連接詞。Ontheotherhand另一方面；Inotherwords換一句話說(shuō)；Byandby遲早；Inthemeanwhile與此同時(shí)。句意：換句話說(shuō)，Pimple以為剽竊的問題不在于該行為不誠(chéng)實(shí)，而是不公平。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（6）考察介詞辨析。besides除……之外還有；towards朝向……；except除了……以外（不包括后面所提到的內(nèi)容或事物）；for為了。句意：除了誠(chéng)實(shí)這一組成要素外，我認(rèn)為Pimple指出了負(fù)責(zé)任的科研行為的其他額外組成部分。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（7）考察名詞辨析。fellow同伴；rival對(duì)手；team團(tuán)隊(duì)；peer同齡人。句意：負(fù)責(zé)任的科研行為的另一方面就是對(duì)科研同伴的公平。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

（8）考察名詞辨析。chance機(jī)會(huì);way方式，方法；reason原因；base基礎(chǔ)。句意：我還認(rèn)為Pimple對(duì)剽竊的分析遺漏了很重要的一個(gè)方面。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（9）考察動(dòng)詞辨析。stimulate激發(fā)；construct建造；undermine損害；assess評(píng)估。句意：對(duì)某些詞語(yǔ)、觀點(diǎn)、方法和結(jié)果的歪曲會(huì)損害科學(xué)知識(shí)的建構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（10）考察副詞辨析。surprisingly令人驚奇地；accordingly相應(yīng)地；potentially可能地，潛在地；necessarily有必要地。句意：對(duì)那些被剽竊者來(lái)說(shuō)，剽竊行為可能會(huì)令其厭煩。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（11）考察名詞辨析。knowledge知識(shí)；discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；creation創(chuàng)造；evaluation評(píng)價(jià)。句意：但從表面看，剽竊行為似乎并沒有傷害到整個(gè)科研群體對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的評(píng)價(jià)。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（12）考察動(dòng)名詞辨析。presenting展示，顯示；comparing比較；submitting提交；producing生成。句意：我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)把幾個(gè)不同的觀察報(bào)告放到一起比較來(lái)判斷我們所觀察到的一些現(xiàn)象的穩(wěn)定特征。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

（13）考察邏輯連接詞。so因此；while然而；but但是；and并且。句意：……但是這種比較也涉及（研究者之間的）對(duì)話。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（14）考察動(dòng)詞辨析。devoted“致力于”，常用于bedevotedtodoing結(jié)構(gòu)；scheduled安排，計(jì)劃；committed承諾；engaged從事。句意：從最初的實(shí)驗(yàn)計(jì)劃到后來(lái)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的頒布，科學(xué)家們一直都在針對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)的細(xì)節(jié)和觀察到現(xiàn)象時(shí)的條件狀況進(jìn)行問答。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

（15）考察介詞辨析。with和…；under在…之下；for為了…；around在…周圍。under…conditions為固定搭配；句意：……觀察到某種現(xiàn)象時(shí)的條件狀況。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

3.單選題

IsecondMr.Smith’smotionthatwe（

）aspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.setup

B.havetosetup

C.aretosetup

D.maysetup

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。在英語(yǔ)中，表示“命令、建議、愿望、要求”等的詞（不管是動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞）之后的從句用should+動(dòng)詞原詞，而且should可以省略。句中的motion表示“提議”，其后是由that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句，因此選A。句意：我贊成史密斯先生的提議，即我們成立一個(gè)專門委員會(huì)來(lái)審查這個(gè)問題。

4.單選題

Nick’snewnovelprovesheisn’tjustaflashinthe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sky

B.pan

C.house

D.dark

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)搭配。aflashinthepan“曇花一現(xiàn)，轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，多用來(lái)形容某事持續(xù)時(shí)間短”。句意：尼克的新小說(shuō)證明他并不是曇花一現(xiàn)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Ididn'tsayanythinglikethatatall.Youarepurposely（）myideastoproveyourpoint.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.revising

B.distorting

C.distracting

D.contradicting

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。revise“修訂”；distort“扭曲”;distract“轉(zhuǎn)移，分心”；contradict“反駁，否定”。根據(jù)Ididn’tsayanythinglikethatatall“我根本沒有說(shuō)過那樣的話”可知“為了證明你的觀點(diǎn)，將我的想法扭曲了”符合語(yǔ)境，因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.翻譯題

Anotherinnovationwillmakethosehard-to-rememberpasswordsobsolete.Soon,inordertoaccessoure-mailorbankaccount,we’lluseatechnologyknownasbiometrics.Atinysensorcouldconfirmyouridentitybyrecognizingtheuniquepatternsintheretinaofyoureye.“Imaginethatthingsrecognizeyou,”Meyersonsays.“YouwalkuptoanATM.Ittakesonelookatyouandsays,‘Yep,you’reyou.’”Withinfiveyears,it’spossiblewe’llnolongerbeinundatedwithjunkmail,becauseanewelectronicdevicewilldeleteitbeforeweeverseeit.“Thatdevice,asyouactuponit,asyoueliminatemail,youdon’treadit,youjustlookatitandkillit,”Meyersonsays,“afterawhileitlearnsyourhabitsandworksasyourassistantbyeliminatingstuffyouneverwantedanyway.Weanticipatethat,infiveyears,betterthan80percentofcoverageoftheworldpopulationsbycellularphonesandsmartphones.Atthispoint,imaginehaving,forinstance,theabilitytospeakopenlywithanybodyanywhere,anytimeandinanylanguage,real-timetranslation—literallytheoldStarTrekideaofauniversaltranslatorcomingtobe.”

【答案】答：

另一項(xiàng)科技創(chuàng)新將讓那些難記的密碼消失。不久，我們將能用一種被稱為生物辨識(shí)的科技進(jìn)入電郵信箱或銀行帳號(hào)。這種小型的傳感可以通過識(shí)別你獨(dú)有的視網(wǎng)膜來(lái)確認(rèn)你的身份。梅爾森說(shuō)：“想象一下這個(gè)小東西記得你。你走到一個(gè)提款機(jī)，傳感器看了你一眼說(shuō)，‘嘿，我知道你是誰(shuí)?！痹?年內(nèi)，我們將不會(huì)再被垃圾郵件淹沒，因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)新的電子裝置將在我們看到垃圾郵件前就把它刪掉了。梅爾森說(shuō)：“打開此裝置，在你刪郵件的時(shí)候，你不用讀郵件，你只要看它一眼然后刪掉。如此過一陣子，這個(gè)裝置就把你的習(xí)慣學(xué)起來(lái)，就像你的助理一樣幫你刪掉你不想看的郵件。我們預(yù)期5年內(nèi)世界超過80%人口將擁有移動(dòng)電話和智能手機(jī)。到時(shí)，想象一下，比如，我們可以隨時(shí)隨地與說(shuō)任意一種語(yǔ)言的人講話，這種實(shí)時(shí)翻譯的能力不就是《星際迷航》的宇宙翻譯者的概念！”

7.單選題

Ifeelratherata（

）talkingtoher,becauseshe’ssoclever.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mistake

B.fault

C.disadvantage

D.defect

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。beatadisadvantage“處于不利的地位”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Thefamilyisalsotheinstitutionwheremostofus,bothaschildrenandasparents,acquireasenseofcontinuitywiththepastandasenseof______tothefuture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ideology

B.commitment

C.prophecy

D.reverence

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)ideology“意識(shí)形態(tài)，思想意識(shí)，觀念學(xué)”，B項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，保證，委托”，C項(xiàng)prophecy“預(yù)言，預(yù)言書，預(yù)言能力”，D項(xiàng)reverence“崇敬，尊嚴(yán)，敬禮”。根據(jù)continuitywiththepast“對(duì)過去的延續(xù)”對(duì)應(yīng)可知，______tothefuture應(yīng)該表示“對(duì)未來(lái)的承諾”。句意：家庭也是我們大多數(shù)人，無(wú)論是作為兒童還是作為父母，獲得對(duì)過去的延續(xù)感和對(duì)未來(lái)的承諾感的機(jī)構(gòu)。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Mary（）toseeyou.She（）foryoudownstairsatthemoment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hascome;iswaiting

B.came;iswaiting

C.hascome:waited

D.came;waswaiting

【答案】A

【解析】句意:瑪麗來(lái)看你了。此刻，她正在樓下等你。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。后面句意表示“她正在樓下等你”,因此,第一句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在,表示“瑪麗已經(jīng)到這兒來(lái)看你”。

10.單選題

Paleontologists’assumptionsabouttheequablenatureoftheclimateontheprimevalislandofPangaeaare（

）computersimulationsindicatingthattheisland’stemperaturestendedtofluctuateduringthecourseofayear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.underminedby

B.bolsteredby

C.bolsteredby

D.challengedby

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。underminedby被推翻。bolster支持，支撐。confirm確認(rèn)，確定。challenge挑戰(zhàn)。句意：古生物學(xué)家認(rèn)定泛大陸早期島嶼的氣候是恒定的，而計(jì)算機(jī)模擬表明島上的溫度整年都處于變化中。這結(jié)果推翻了之前的認(rèn)定。根據(jù)句意可知A項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Andemployers,whoassumedthatwomen’s“real”aspirationwereformarriageandfamilylife,declinedtopaywomenwagescommensuratewiththoseofmen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparable

B.inappropriate

C.identifiable

D.proportionate

【答案】D

【解析】句中說(shuō)到，雇主們認(rèn)為女性“真正”渴望的是婚姻和家庭生活，因此拒絕向女性支付與男性……的工資。這里存在與男性薪酬相比較的問題。A選項(xiàng)comparable“類似的；相當(dāng)?shù)摹?，由于本句描述的是群體間薪酬，因此不符合句意；B選項(xiàng)inappropriate“不適當(dāng)?shù)?；不相稱的”，與句意相反；C選項(xiàng)identifiable“可辨認(rèn)的”不符合句意；D選項(xiàng)proportionate“成比例的；相稱的”，符合題意。

12.單選題

Afterthedisasterofflood，peoplealloverthevillagemade_________efforttorebuildtheirhome.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.superfluous

B.tenuous

C.strenuous

D.fatuous

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。superfluous“多余的，不必要的”；tenuous“無(wú)關(guān)緊要的”；strenuous“費(fèi)力的，緊張的”；fatuous“愚笨的，昏庸的”。句意：洪災(zāi)過后，全村的人們都努力重建家園。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

13.單選題

It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.capacity

B.capability

C.cavity

D.liability

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)capacity“能力，容量”，B項(xiàng)capability“才能”，C項(xiàng)cavity“腔，洞，凹處”，D項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，債務(wù)”。根據(jù)句子后半部分的意思“如果汽車損壞了，我們必須賠償”可知，空格處填入“責(zé)任”符合句意。句意：汽車損壞是我們的責(zé)任，我們必須賠償。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

14.填空題

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereis|oneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

GhostshipsAutonomouscargovesselscouldsetsailwithoutacrewunderthewatchfuleyeofcaptainsinshore-basedsimulators

Militarydronesalreadyflyfrequentmissionsandcivilianoperationsusingunmannedaircraftarecoming.Driverlesscarsareclockingupthousandsoftestmiles.(41)Indeed,themaritimeindustryhasstartedtothinkaboutwhatwouldberequiredtolaunchalatter-dayMarieCdeste.

(42)Thebridgesofsomemodernvesselsarenowmorelikelytocontaincomputerscreensandjoysticksthanenginetelegraphsandagiantship’swheel.ThelatestsupplyshipsservingtheoffshoreoilandgasindustryintheNorthSea,forinstance,usedynamicpositioningsystemswhichcollectdatafromsatellites,gyrocompasses,andwindandmotionsensorstoautomaticallyholdtheirpositionwhentransferringcargo(alsodonebyremotecontrol)toandfromplatforms,evenintheheaviestofswells.

(43)Asintheairandontheroad,robustcontrolsystemswillbeneededtoconformtoexistingregulations.

Themaritimeindustryisinterestedincrewlessshipsfortworeasons.Thefirstissafety.Mostaccidentsatseaaretheresultofhumanerror,justastheyareincarsandplanes.(44)

Thesecondreasonis,ofcourse,cost.Itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttosignupcompetentcrewpreparedtospendmonthsawayatsea.Moreover,somevoyagesarelikelytogetevenlongerforshipscarryingnon-urgentcargo.Bysomeaccounts,a30%reductioninspeedbyabulkcarriercansavearound50%infuel.(45)Removingthecrew,though,alsoremovestheneedfortheiraccommodationanditsassociatedequipment,likeheatingandplumbing.Andthatprovidesroomtocarrymorecargo.

A.Ships,likeaircraftandcars,areincreasinglycontrolledbyelectronicsystems,whichmakesautomationeasier.

B.So,ifhumanoperatorsarereplacedbysophisticatedsensorsandcomputersystems,autonomousvesselsshould,intheory,makeshippingsafer.

C.Sowhynotletremote-controlledshipssetsailwithoutacrew?

D.Somethingsimilarisbeingproposedforautonomouscivildrones,withground-basedpilotsrespondingtocommunicationsandair-trafficcontrolinstructionsasiftheywereinthecockpit.

E.Thismeansslowersteamingcouldprovidebigsavingsinfuelcosts,butitwouldbeattheexpenseofincreasedexpenditureoncrewfortheselongervoyages,bothinwagesandforthe“hotel”facilitiesrequiredonboard.

F.However,asisalsothecasewithpilotlessaircraftanddriverlesscars,itisnotsomuchatechnologicalchallengethathastobeovercomebeforeautonomousshipscansetsail,butregulatoryandsafetyconcerns.

【答案】41.C

42.A

43.F

44.B

45.E

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Ships,likeaircraftandcars,areincreasinglycontrolledbyelectronicsystems,whichmakesautomationeasier.A.像飛機(jī)和汽車一樣，船舶越來(lái)越多地由電子系統(tǒng)控制，這使得自動(dòng)化更容易。

B.So,ifhumanoperatorsarereplacedbysophisticatedsensorsandcomputersystems,autonomousvesselsshould,intheory,makeshippingsafer.B.因此，如果人工操作員被先進(jìn)的傳感器和計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)取代，自動(dòng)駕駛船舶理論上應(yīng)該會(huì)使航運(yùn)更安全。

C.Sowhynotletremote-controlledshipssetsailwithoutacrew?C.那么，為什么不讓遙控船只在沒有船員的情況下啟航呢？

D.Somethingsimilarisbeingproposedforautonomouscivildrones,withground-basedpilotsrespondingtocommunicationsandair-trafficcontrolinstructionsasiftheywereinthecockpit.D.類似的東西也被提議用于自主民用無(wú)人機(jī)，讓地面飛行員對(duì)通信和空中交通管制指令做出反應(yīng)，就像他們?cè)隈{駛艙里一樣。

E.Thismeansslowersteamingcouldprovidebigsavingsinfuelcosts,butitwouldbeattheexpenseofincreasedexpenditureoncrewfortheselongervoyages,bothinwagesandforthe“hotel”facilitiesrequiredonboard.E.這意味著減速航行可以大幅節(jié)省燃料成本，但這將以增加船員在這些長(zhǎng)途航行中的支出為代價(jià)，包括工資和船上所需的“酒店”設(shè)施。

F.However,asisalsothecasewithpilotlessaircraftanddriverlesscars,itisnotsomuchatechnologicalchallengethathastobeovercomebeforeautonomousshipscansetsail,butregulatoryandsafetyconcerns.F.然而，就像無(wú)人駕駛飛機(jī)和無(wú)人駕駛汽車一樣，在無(wú)人駕駛船舶起航之前，需要克服的與其說(shuō)是技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)，不如說(shuō)是監(jiān)管和安全方面的擔(dān)憂。

41.前一句提到“無(wú)人駕駛汽車的測(cè)試?yán)锍桃堰_(dá)數(shù)千英里”，后一句說(shuō)到“海運(yùn)業(yè)已經(jīng)開始考慮建造現(xiàn)代的船舶需要什么條件”，從中可以推測(cè)，空格這一句應(yīng)該是問無(wú)人駕駛的船舶，C項(xiàng)正確。

42.該段第二句提到“現(xiàn)在，一些現(xiàn)代船只的船橋上更有可能裝有電腦屏幕和操縱桿，而不是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)電報(bào)和巨型輪船的輪子”，并且后面用北海海上石油和天然氣行業(yè)服務(wù)的船舶舉例，來(lái)描述船舶上的電子系統(tǒng)控制，所以該段第一句與電子系統(tǒng)控制有關(guān)，故A項(xiàng)正確。

43.根據(jù)該段第二句“就像在空中和道路上一樣，魯棒控制系統(tǒng)將需要符合現(xiàn)有法規(guī)（existingregulations）”，可知這一段與上一段是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，這一段描寫的是無(wú)人駕駛船舶將遇到的一些問題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)正確。

44.該段講的是海運(yùn)業(yè)對(duì)無(wú)船員船舶感興趣的其中一個(gè)原因，即安全，所以最后一句也是對(duì)安全的描述，只有B項(xiàng)符合。

45.該段講的是海運(yùn)業(yè)對(duì)無(wú)船員船舶感興趣的另外一個(gè)原因，即成本，所以該段都是對(duì)成本的闡述，E項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Asfewhouseholdappliancesarenowperfect,thisminordefectisnegligible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.detectable

B.trifling

C.inexcusable

D.magnificent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)detectable“可檢測(cè)的；可發(fā)覺的”；B選項(xiàng)trifling“微不足道的；輕浮的”；C選項(xiàng)inexcusable“不可原諒的；沒法辯解的；不可寬恕的”；D選項(xiàng)magnificent“高尚的；壯麗的；華麗的；宏偉的”。句意：由于現(xiàn)在很少有家用電器是完美的，這個(gè)小小的缺陷是可以忽略不計(jì)的。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞minor（微小的），得知B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Asthepainteris（）topollens,heregretsalotforlosingthechanceofdrawingthebeautyofspringinthefields.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nostalgic

B.insolent

C.acute

D.allergic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)nostalgic“懷舊的，鄉(xiāng)愁的”；B選項(xiàng)insolent“無(wú)禮的，傲慢的”；C選項(xiàng)acute“急性的，敏銳的”；D選項(xiàng)allergic“對(duì)……過敏的，對(duì)……極討厭的”。句意：因?yàn)檫@個(gè)畫家對(duì)花粉……，他很遺憾要失去野外寫生的機(jī)會(huì)。由后面句子heregretsalotforlosingthechanceofdrawingthebeautyofspringinthefields（他很遺憾要……）可知D選項(xiàng)allergic“對(duì)……過敏的”（畫家對(duì)花粉過敏）與前后意思對(duì)應(yīng)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合句意。

17.單選題

Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.Androgynistpoetics,rootedinmid-Victorianwomen’swriting,contendsthatthecreativemindissexless,butfromthe1970son,manyfeministcriticsrejectedtheideaofthegenderless,mind,findingthattheimaginationcannotevadeconsciousorunconsciousstructuresofgenderwhichispartofculture-determinationwhereseparatingimaginationfromtheselfisimpossible.

TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,spokeofthe“femalevernacular,theMotherTongue,apowerfulbutneglectedwomen’sculture”.VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”.Accessibletomenandwomenalike,butrepresentingfemalesexualmorphology,thismethodsoughtawayofwritingwhichliterallyembodiedthefemale,therebyfightingthesubordinating,linearstyleofclassificationordistinction.

ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.Forinstance,theyavoideddefiningexactlywhatconstitutedtheirwritingstyle,asanydefinitionwouldthencategorizeitandsafelysubsumeitasagenreunderthelinearpatriarchalstructure—itsveryrestlessnessandambiguitydefiedidentificationaspartofitsidentity.SomefeministsandwomenwriterscouldfeelexcludedbythesurrealityoftheFemaleAestheticanditsstressonthebiologicalformsoffemaleexperience,whichalsobearcloseresemblancetoessentialism.Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.

Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems,byagreeingthatwomen’sliteraturelayasthecentralconcernforfeministcriticismbutrejectingtheconceptofanessentialfemaleidentityandstyle,whilesimultaneouslyseekingtoreviseFreudianstructuresbyemphasizingaPre-Oedipalphasewhereinthedaughter’sbondtohermotherinscribesthekeyfactoringenderidentity.MatriarchalvaluesdissolveintergenerationalconflictsandbuilduponafemaletraditionofliteratureratherthanthestruggleofOedipusandLaisatthecrossroads.Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.Gendertheoryproposestoexploreideologicalinscriptionandtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem,openinguptheliterarytheorystageandbringinginquestionsofmasculinityintofeministtheory.Takinggenderasafundamentalanalyticcategorybringsfeministcriticismfromthemargintothecenter,thoughitrisksdepoliticizingthestudyofwomen.

30.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthecontentofthepassage?

31.TheauthorspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingissuesthathavebeenconsideredintheevolutionoffeministliterarycriticismEXCEPT（）.

32.Theauthorrefersto“thelargestfish”(Paragraph2)primarilyinorderto（）.

33.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestriskposedbythefeministtheories,liketheFemaleAesthetic,whichposittheexistenceofan“essential”ornon-constructedgenderisin（）.

34.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorwoulddefinethe“delicatebalance”mentionedinthelastparagraphastheequilibriumbetween（）.

35.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldmostlikelydescribetheevolutionoffeministliterarytheoryas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.AHistoricalOverviewofFeministLiteraryCriticism

B.EstablishingNewFeministConceptsofGender

C.ThePrecariousFeministCompromiseinPoliticsandArt

D.ANewTheoryofLiteraryCriticism

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theplaceofwomenintheliterarycanon

B.thequestionofcultureindetermininggender

C.theroleofFreudintheorizinggenderidentity

D.theeffectofbiologicaldifferencesontextualstyle

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.suggestarefugefromthelonghistoryofsexistliterarycriticism

B.offerasenseofpoliticalpurposethatcanonlybeawakenedthroughliterature

C.articulatethepossibilityforescapefromtheconfinesofgenderedidentity

D.referenceauniquefeministidentitythatmustbeextractedsomehowfromthebody

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.creatingadead-endforfeministliterarycriticismbyattackingthenotionofanandrogynistpoetics

B.reinforcingsexistnotionsthatwomencannotemulatetheliterarystyleofmen

C.pushingfeministwritingoutofthemainstreambyarguingthatmenareunabletofullycomprehendwomen’swriting

D.relyingtooheavilyonthetheoriesofFreud,underwhichidentityistheproductofbiology

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.establishingtiesbetweengenerationsofwomenwritersandfightingpatriarchalinfluence

B.assigningtheproperweighttotheconceptofgenderassociallyconstructedandbiologicallyinherited

C.activelyfightingandpassivelydocumentingtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem

D.avoidingmarginalizationonthepoliticalfringesandde-politicizationinthepoliticalmainstream

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.agradualmovementfromtheideaofgenderlesswritingtoawritingthatoriginatesinthewoman’sbody

B.ashiftbetweenadversarialcriticismtomoretolerantvarietiesofcriticism

C.aregularfluctuationbetweentheideaofgenderlessandgenderedwritingthatgraduallysettlesonacompromise

D.amoreorlessconstantpursuitofthegoalofestablishingauniquenicheforwomen’sliterature

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

【解析】30.主旨大意題。通讀全文，發(fā)現(xiàn)作者的寫作脈絡(luò)都是圍繞“FeministLiteraryCriticism”,原文首段是說(shuō)Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.（女權(quán)主義評(píng)論者在性別對(duì)創(chuàng)造力和演繹能力的作用上存在爭(zhēng)議）文第二段是說(shuō)TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,（女性審美在文學(xué)上表達(dá)出一種獨(dú)特的女性意識(shí)）；原文第三段是說(shuō)ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.（女權(quán)主義評(píng)論者認(rèn)識(shí)到并且承認(rèn)女性審美存在一些問題）；原文第四段是說(shuō)Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems（女性評(píng)論者試著解決其中的一些問題）?？梢?，全文應(yīng)為“女性文學(xué)評(píng)論的歷史概述”。即可得出本題答案。

31.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。選項(xiàng)A可定位至第二段第一句；選項(xiàng)B可定位至第三段；選項(xiàng)C可定位至第四段，選項(xiàng)D文中未提及。從而得出本題答案。

32.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第二段第二句VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”（弗吉尼亞?伍爾夫（VirginiaWoolf）探討了一位女作家如何在自己內(nèi)心尋找“池塘、深處、最大的魚睡覺的黑暗地方”，不可避免地與自己的性欲發(fā)生沖突，以面對(duì)“有關(guān)身體和激情的某些東西”。）根據(jù)“ownsexuality”,“thebody”,“thepassions”等信息判定“thelargestfish”指的是選項(xiàng)D。從而得出本題答案。

試題答案D

33.

信息推斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thegreatestrisk”，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第三段最后一句Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.（女性主義批評(píng)認(rèn)為只有女性才能夠解讀女性寫作的文本，而這一立場(chǎng)帶來(lái)的最大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是將女性文學(xué)與理論邊緣化）即可得出本題答案。

34.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“delicatebalance”，將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文最后一段第三句“Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.（最后，在實(shí)現(xiàn)微妙的平衡方面最有希望的是一種包羅萬(wàn)象的性別理論的發(fā)展，該理論認(rèn)為性別，包括男性和女性，是建立在生理差異基礎(chǔ)上的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)。）根據(jù)“considersgender”“socialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences”即可得出本題答案。

35.信息歸納題。本文主要關(guān)于女性文學(xué)評(píng)論的歷史發(fā)展，根據(jù)原文第一段第一句Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.（長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，女權(quán)主義批評(píng)家一直在爭(zhēng)論性別在文本的創(chuàng)作和解釋中所起的作用。），最后一段的“adelicatebalance”即可得出本題答案。

18.填空題

InmanyAmericanuniversitiesthetotalworkforadegreeconsistsofthirty-sixcourses,eachlastsforonesemester.Whileattendingauniversityastudentwillprobablyattendfourorfivecoursesduring

eachsemester.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Blasts改為lasting

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子中的逗號(hào)，可知eachlastsforonesemester不是完整獨(dú)立的句子，動(dòng)詞last應(yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，這部分對(duì)thirty-sixcourses進(jìn)行修飾，指的是這36門課程的每一門課程持續(xù)一個(gè)學(xué)期，each和last是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞表示，因此B部分應(yīng)為lasting。

【句意】在美國(guó)的許多大學(xué)，獲得學(xué)位全部需要學(xué)習(xí)的有36門課程，每門課程持續(xù)一個(gè)學(xué)期。上大學(xué)的時(shí)候，學(xué)生每學(xué)期可能要上四、五門課。

19.單選題

OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.Wedonotrealizethatwavinggood-byeisthewaytosummonapersonfromthePhilippinestoone’sside,orthatinItalyandsomeLatin-Americancountries,curlingthefingertooneselfisasignoffarewell.

ThoseprivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterWorldWarIIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthat"Gift"meanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkofourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers,LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.

Ourlinguisticandculturalblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.

EvenhereintheUnitedStates,wemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitors.Therearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublic:buildingsormonuments,wedonothavemultilingualwaitersbankclerksandpolicemenarerare.OurtransportationsystemshavemapsinEnglishonlyandoftenweourselveshavedifficultyunderstandingthem.

Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhotelsandrestaurantswhereEnglishisspoken.The,attitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives-usuallythericher-whospeakEnglish.Ourbusinessdealings,aswellasthenation'sdiplomacy,areconductedthroughinterpreters.

Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryofthefreeworld,thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods.

Butallthatispast.Americandollarsnolongerbuyallgoodthings,andweare,slowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.A1979Harrispollreportedthat55percentofAmericanswantthiscountrytoplayamoresignificantroleinworldaffairs;wewanttohaveahandintheimportantdecisionsofthenextcentury,eventhoughitmaynotalwaysbetheupperhand.

1.ItcanbeinferredthatAmericansbeingapproachedtoocloselybyMiddleEasternerswouldmostprobably（

）.

2.TheauthorgivesmanyexamplestocriticizeAmericansfortheir（

）.

3.Americanpeopleignoreculturaldifferencesinothercountriesbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,Americanscultureblindnessandlinguisticignorancewill（

）.

5.Theauthor’sintentioninwritingthisarticleistomakeAmericansrealizethat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standstill

B.stepforward

C.jumpaside

D.drawback

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.culturalself-centeredness

B.indifferencetowardsforeignaffairs

C.casualmanners

D.arrogancetowardsothercultures

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theycanafforditwithpowerfuleco