考研考博-英語-嘉興南洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-嘉興南洋職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

oncerningspeculation,philosophylooksuponthingsfromthebroadestpossibleperspective;forcriticism,ithasthetwofoldroleofquestioningandjudgingeverythingthatpertainseithertothefoundationsortothesuperstructureofhumanthinking.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inebriates

B.forsakes

C.relates

D.emaciates

【答案】C

【解析】Pertain作為后半句的定語從句中的謂語動詞，后面有to與之相搭配。選項(xiàng)中常與to搭配的只有relate。A選項(xiàng)inebriate“灌醉，使陶醉”；B選項(xiàng)forsake“放棄，斷念”；C選項(xiàng)relate“有聯(lián)系，涉及”；D選項(xiàng)emaciate“使消瘦”。從句意上來說，也只有C選項(xiàng)relate相符合。

2.單選題

Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we______soformally.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.neednothavedressedup

B.mustnothavedressedup

C.didnotneedtodressup

D.mustnotdressup

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。needn’thavedone表示本不必做某事，卻做了。句意：早知道是個(gè)小型家庭聚會，我們本不必穿這么正式。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.單選題

Ididn'tknowthework.Ihadto（）adictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.referto

B.makeout

C.lookout

D.goover

【答案】D

【解析】referto涉及；makeout理解；lookout照料,小心；goover復(fù)習(xí),仔細(xì)檢查。句意：我不知道這項(xiàng)工作,我得查字典。選項(xiàng)D正確。

4.單選題

PresidentBushcametohisparent’scentury-oldsummerhomeontheMainecoastforalittlerelaxation,adistantcousin'sweddingandsomefamilytime.However,severalhundredanti-wardemonstrators()onhisvisit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intruded

B.invaded

C.intwined

D.inturned

【答案】A

【解析】intrudeon打擾，侵?jǐn)_；invade侵略，侵犯；intwine盤繞，纏繞；inturned內(nèi)彎的。句意：布什總統(tǒng)來到他父母位于緬因州海岸的百年避暑別墅，來放松一下，參加一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)房表親的婚禮，并與家人共度時(shí)光。然而，數(shù)百名反戰(zhàn)示威者侵?jǐn)_了他的觀光。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

5.單選題

Afterhewas___fromthearmy,hehadintendedtoreturntotheworldofteaching.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.discharged

B.enrolled

C.awarded

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.discharged準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開；釋放B.enrolled登記；使加入

C.awarded授予；判定D.promoted促進(jìn)；宣傳；促銷

【考查點(diǎn)】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格前用after連接表示從軍隊(duì)……之后。后半句意思為他曾想回到教學(xué)界。根據(jù)句子邏輯，應(yīng)該是在離開軍隊(duì)后，想要回到教書世界。用discharge的被動形式，表示被允許從軍隊(duì)離開。因此選A.discharged準(zhǔn)許（某人）離開；釋放。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】退伍后，他曾打算回到教學(xué)界。

6.單選題

Budgetforecastsaretheultimatelessonintakingthings（）inhindsight,mostforecastslookworsethanrandomguesses.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.withastrokeofthepen

B.withawhipofscorpions

C.withagrainofsalt

D.withallduesubmission

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。withastrokeofthepen“一筆一劃”；withawhipofscorpions“用殘酷的高壓手段”；withagrainofsalt“持懷疑態(tài)度，有保留”；withallduesubmission“必恭必敬的”。句意：預(yù)算預(yù)估對事情的猜測持保留態(tài)度，大多數(shù)預(yù)測看起來比隨機(jī)猜測更糟。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

We'dbetterdiscussthesituationbeforewe___tobusiness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sitdown

B.putdown

C.comedown

D.getdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)sitdown“坐下；扎營”；B選項(xiàng)putdown“著陸；羞辱；放下；寫下；付定金；鎮(zhèn)壓（暴動、叛亂）”；C選項(xiàng)comedown“下來，降落；流傳下來；倒塌；落魄，失勢”；D選項(xiàng)getdown“下來；吞下；使沮喪”。句意：我們最好在談生意之前先討論一下形勢。結(jié)合此處語境，B為正確答案。

8.單選題

China’s（

）culturalheritageshouldbebetterprotectedthroughincreasedeffortstopreserveendangeredart.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.indivisible

B.intelligible

C.intangible

D.inalienable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)indivisible“分不開的，不可分割的”；B選項(xiàng)intelligible“易懂的，容易理解的”；C選項(xiàng)intangible“難以形容（或理解）的，無形的（指沒有實(shí)體存在的資本性資產(chǎn)）”；D選項(xiàng)inalienable“不可剝奪（或分割）的”。由culturalheritage（文化遺產(chǎn)）及語境可知選C。句意：中國的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)應(yīng)該通過加大努力保護(hù)瀕危藝術(shù)而得到更好的保護(hù)。

9.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingtwoparagraphsintoChinese,

Howmanymenwouldhaveconsideredthepossibilityofanapplefallingupintothetree?Newtondidbecausehewasnottryingtopredictanything.Hewasjustwondering.Hismindwasreadyfortheunpredictable.Unpredictabilityispartoftheessentialnatureofresearch.Ifyoudon’thaveunpredictablethings,youdon’thaveresearch.Scientiststendtoforgetthiswhenwritingtheircutanddriedreportsforthetechnicaljournals,buthistoryisfilledwithexamplesofit.

It’saroughworldoutthere.Stepoutsideandyoucouldbreakalegslippingonyourdoormat.Lightupthestoveandyoucouldburndownthehouse.Luckily,ifthedoormatorstovefailedtowarnofcoiningdisaster,asuccessfullawsuitmightcompensateyouforyourtroubles.Orsothethinkinghasgonesincetheearly1980s,whenjuriesbeganholdingmorecompaniesliablefortheircustomers’misfortunes.

【答案】

有多少人會考慮蘋果掉到樹上的可能性？牛頓這樣考慮過，是因?yàn)樗麤]有試圖預(yù)測任何事情。他只是好奇。他的思想已準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)付不可預(yù)測的事。不可預(yù)測性是研究本質(zhì)的一部分。如果沒有不可預(yù)測的事物，就沒有研究?？茖W(xué)家們在為專業(yè)的期刊撰寫枯燥的報(bào)告時(shí)更傾向于不去研究那些自己難以捉摸的事，但歷史上充滿了這樣的例子。

外面是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的世界。如果你走到外面去，可能會滑倒在門墊上，摔傷一條腿。如果你點(diǎn)燃爐子，可能會把房子燒掉。幸運(yùn)的是，如果門墊或爐子沒有發(fā)出制造災(zāi)難的警告，一次成功的訴訟可能會補(bǔ)償你所受的損失。從20世紀(jì)80年代初，人們的想法就是這樣的了，那時(shí)候陪審團(tuán)認(rèn)為商家對消費(fèi)者的不幸應(yīng)該負(fù)擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任。

10.單選題

HeexpectedtheHousetopassthebillbyacomfortable（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.maple

B.marble

C.marsh

D.margin

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析。maple楓樹；marble大理石；marsh沼澤；均不符合句意。margin指（在時(shí)間或票數(shù)上領(lǐng)先的）幅度,差額,差數(shù)。句意:他希望眾議院能以輕松的優(yōu)勢通過這項(xiàng)法案。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

Thislaw___thenumberofaccidentscausedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intendsreducing

B.intendstobereduced

C.isintendedtoreduce

D.isintendedreducing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。本句主語為Thislaw，賓語為：thenumberofaccidents，causedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus為非謂語動詞引導(dǎo)的定語修飾先行詞accidents，定語中包含了一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，句意：這項(xiàng)法律___兒童下車時(shí)跑過馬路造成的事故數(shù)量。由基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處需要填入謂語，intend“打算；想要；意指”，結(jié)合主語，法律不會主動做某事，可至空格需要填入被動語態(tài)，排除A，B；最后根據(jù)固定搭配intendtodosth.“想要做；想要做某事”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Thepresidentmadea（）speechattheopeningceremonyofthesportmeeting,whichencouragedthesportsmengreatly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vigorous

B.tedious

C.flat

D.harsh

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。選項(xiàng)A：vigorous“充滿活力的”;選項(xiàng)B:tedious“沉悶的，冗長乏味的”；選項(xiàng)C：flat“單調(diào)的，平坦的，不景氣的；”;選項(xiàng)D：harsh“嚴(yán)厲的,刺耳的”。由句意可知校長的發(fā)言激勵了運(yùn)動員，因此本題選項(xiàng)A更符合題意，正確。句意：校長在運(yùn)動會的開幕式上發(fā)表了充滿活力的講話，極大地鼓舞了運(yùn)動員。

13.單選題

ForseveraldaysIsawlittleofMr.Rochester.Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemenfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim.Whenhisfootwaswellenough,herodeoutagreatdeal.

Duringthistime,allmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehouse,whenhewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile.Hischangesofmannerdidnotoffendme,becauseIsawthatIhadnothingtodowiththecauseofthem.

Oneevening,severaldayslater,IwasinvitedtotalktoMr.Rochesterafterdinner.Hewassittinginhisarmchair,andlookednotquitesosevere,andmuchlessgloomy.Therewasasmileonhislips,andhiseyeswerebright,probablywithwine.AsIwaslookingathim,hesuddenlyturned,andaskedme,"DoyouthinkI'mhandsome.MissEyre?"

TheanswersomehowslippedfrommytonguebeforeIrealizedit:“No,sir.”

"Ah,youreallyareunusual!Youareaquiet,seriouslittleperson,butyoucanbealmostrude."

"Sir,I'msorry.Ishouldhavesaidthatbeautydoesn'tmatter,orsomethinglikesthat."

"No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!Youhavehonestyandfeeling.Therearenotmanygirlslikeyou.ButperhapsIgotoofast.Perhapsyouhaveawfulfaultstocounterbalanceyourfewgoodpoints?”

Ithoughttomyselfthathemighthavetoo.Heseemedtoreadmymind,andsaidquickly,“Yes,you'reright.Ihaveplentyoffaults.IwentthewrongwaywhenIwastwenty-one,andhaveneverfoundtherightpathagain.Imighthavebeenverydifferent.Imighthavebeenasgoodasyou,andperhapswiser.Iamnotabadman,takemywordforit,butIhavedonewrong.Itwasn'tmycharacter,butcircumstanceswhichweretoblame.WhydoItellyouallthis?Becauseyou'rethesortofpersonpeopletelltheirproblemsandsecretsto,becauseyou'resympatheticandgivethemhope."

Itseemedhehadquitealottotalktome.Hedidn'tseemtoliketofinishthetalkquickly,aswasthecaseforthefirsttime.

"Don'tbeafraidofme,MissEyre."Hecontinued."Youdon'trelaxorlaughverymuch,perhapsbecauseoftheeffectLowoodschoolhashadonyou.Butintimeyouwillbemorenaturalwithme,andlaugh,andspeakfreely.You'relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you'llflyveryhigh.Goodnight."

1.AtthebeginningMissEyre'simpressionsofMr.Rochesterwereallexcept（）.

2.In“...andallmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsaboutthehousetheword

“about”means（）.

3.WhydidMr.Rochestersay“".andthenyoustabmeintheback!”inthe7thparagraph?

4.FromwhatMr.RochestertoldMissEyre,wecanconcludethathewantedto（）.

5.Altheendofthepassage,Mr.Rochestersounded（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.busy

B.sociable

C.friendly

D.changeable

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.on

C.outside

D.concerning.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.BecauseMissEyrehadintendedtokillhimwithaknife.

B.BecauseMissEyrehadintendedtobemorecritical.

C.BecauseMissEyrehadregrettedhavingtalkedtohim.

D.BecauseMissEyrehadsaidsomethingelsetocorrectherself.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Tellherallhistroubles

B.tellherhislifeexperience.

C.changeheropinionofhim

D.changehiscircumstances

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.rude

B.cold

C.friendly

D.encouraging.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:忙碌的,B:好交際的,由第一段中“Inthemorningheseemedmuchoccupiedwithbusiness,andintheafternoongentlemenfromtheneighborhoodcalledandsometimesstayedtodinewithhim(早上，他忙于生意，在下午有附近的紳士會拜訪他，并且有時(shí)會留下來與他用餐)”可知A和B屬埃雷女士對羅徹斯特的印象。C:友好的,D:易變的,由第二段“...hewouldsometimespassmecoldly,andsometimesbowandsmile(他有時(shí)會冷淡地從我身邊走過，而有吋會鞠躬且微笑)”可知C不屬于埃雷女士對羅徹斯特的印象,D屬于。因此答案選C。

2.詞義題。在句子“...andallmyknowledgeofhimwaslimitedtooccasionalmeetingsabouttheHouse”中,allmyknowledgeofhim是主語,waslimitedto是謂語,句子結(jié)構(gòu)已經(jīng)完整。因此abouttheHouse是介詞短語。about有“在…周圍”的意思,因此選A。

3.判斷推理題。由題干定位至句子:"No,youshouldn’t!Isee,youcriticizemyappearance,andthenyoustabmeintheback!(不，你不應(yīng)該這樣（說），你批評我的外貌,你在背后捅我一刀)”,由此可知B項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榘＠着勘敬蛩阕兊酶嗯u”正確。

4.判斷推理題。倒數(shù)第三段說到:WhydoItellyouallthis?Becauseyou'rethesortofpersonpeopletelltheirproblemsandsecretsto,becauseyou'resympatheticandgivethemhope(為何我要告訴你所有這些？因?yàn)槟闶侨藗儐栴}和秘密的傾訴對象，因?yàn)槟愀挥型樾那易屓顺錆M希望),由此可知B項(xiàng)“告訴她他的生活經(jīng)歷”正確。

5.判斷推理題。最后一段指出:Butintimeyouwillbemorenaturalwithme,andlaugh,andspeakfreely.You'relikeabirdinacage.Whenyougetoutofthecage,you'llflyveryhigh.Goodnight(但是經(jīng)過一段吋間后，你將會和我更自然地相處的，自由地說笑。就如在籠子里的鳥。當(dāng)你走出籠子后，你將飛得很高。晚安),由此看出D項(xiàng)“鼓勵的”正確。

14.單選題

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Shewasuninterestedinadvertising.

B.Shefoundheroutfitinappropriate.

C.Shewasunhappywithfashiontrends.

D.Sheoftencheckedherselfinamirror.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Tosavethetroubleofchoosingauniqueoutfiteveryday.

B.Tomeettheexpectationsoffashion-consciousclients.

C.Tokeepupwiththecurrenttrends.

D.Tosavetheexpensesonclothing.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itenhancespeople’sabilitytoworkindependently.

B.Ithelpspeoplesucceedinwhatevertheyaredoing.

C.Itmattersalotinjobsinvolvinginteractionwithothers.

D.Itboostsone’sconfidencewhenlookingforemployment.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Designtheirownuniformtoappearunique.

B.Wearclassicpiecestoimpresstheirclients.

C.Fighttheever-changingtrendsinfashion.

D.Dowhateverispossibletolooksmart.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】PassageTwo

IworkinadvertisingandIliketokeepupwithcurrenttrends,mainlybecauseI’mawarethatweliveinanimage-obsessedworld.[12]However,whenIfirststartedmyjob,occasionallyI’dcatchaglimpseofmyselfintheliftsandfindmyselfthinkingthatIlookedatotalmess.WasIbeingheldbackbymychoiceofclothing?Theshortanswerisyes,especiallywhenclientsarequicktojudgeyouonyourstyleratherthanyourwork.[13]Butnoonecanbeuniquewiththeiroutfiteveryday.Imeanthat’swhyuniformswereinvented.Sohere’swhatIdid.Icreatedmyownuniform.Todothis,Ichoseanappropriateoutfit.ThenIboughtmultipleitemsofthesamestyleindifferentshades.NowIneverworryaboutwhatI’mwearinginthemorning,evenifIdogetabittiredofjustwearingthesameclassicpieces.Overall,whenitcomestowork,youhavetoaskyourself:willlookingsmarterenhancemyabilitytodomyjob?Forsome,thisquestionmaynotbeanissueatall,especiallyifyouworkremotelyandrarelyseeyourcolleaguesorclientsfacetoface.[14]Butifyourjobinvolvesinteractingwithotherpeople,theanswertothisisoftenyes.Soratherthanfightingthesystem,[15]Ithinkweshouldjustdowhateverhelpsustoachieveourgoalsatwork.Ifthatmeansplayingitsafewithyourimage,thenlet’sfaceit.It’sprobablyworthit.

12.Whatdowelearnaboutthespeakerwhenshefirststartedherjob?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問說話者剛開始工作的時(shí)候，我們可以了解到什么？錄音開頭提到，當(dāng)說話者剛開始工作的時(shí)候，偶爾會在電梯里瞥一眼自己，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己看起來一團(tuán)糟（Ilookedatotalmess）。后面指出，之所以一團(tuán)糟是因?yàn)榉b的原因，因此B選項(xiàng)“她發(fā)現(xiàn)她的服裝很不合適”正確。A選項(xiàng)“對廣告不感興趣”利用錄音開頭的“advertising”設(shè)置干擾，錄音說的是說話人從事的是廣告業(yè)，并未提及她對廣告業(yè)不感興趣，因此排除；C選項(xiàng)“她對時(shí)尚潮流不滿意”，錄音開頭說的是，說話者喜歡跟隨當(dāng)下的潮流，因此C選項(xiàng)不正確；D選項(xiàng)“她經(jīng)常照鏡子檢查自己”在錄音中并未提及，因此也可排除。

13.Whywereuniformsinvented,accordingtothespeaker?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問說話者談及的制服被發(fā)明的原因。錄音中提到，沒有人可以每天穿著獨(dú)一無二的衣服，這就是制服被發(fā)明的原因。A選項(xiàng)“為了省去每天選不同衣服的煩惱”與原文意思表述相符，因此正確。B選項(xiàng)“滿足有時(shí)尚意識的客戶的期望”和D選項(xiàng)“節(jié)省服裝開支”在錄音中均未提及，因此排除；C選項(xiàng)“跟上當(dāng)前的潮流”，利用錄音開頭的keepupwithcurrenttrends設(shè)置干擾，但這并不是發(fā)明制服的原因，因此不正確。

14.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutlookingsmarter?

【試題答案】C

【試題解析】題目問的是說話者關(guān)于“看起來更時(shí)尚”的看法。在錄音后半部分，說話者提出一個(gè)問題，即看起來更時(shí)尚是否會提升我們的工作能力，接下來隨即對此進(jìn)行了回答，如果你的工作需要與其他人進(jìn)行面對面交談，則答案是肯定的，C選項(xiàng)“這在需要與他人接洽的工作中很重要”與原文意思表述一致，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“這能提高人們獨(dú)立工作的能力”和D選項(xiàng)“這能增強(qiáng)求職者的信心”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，因此排除。B選項(xiàng)“這幫助人們在他們所做的任何事情上取得成功”說法過于絕對，不符合題意。

15.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodoinanimage-obsessedworld?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問在這個(gè)看重外貌形象的世界里，說話者建議人們怎么做？錄音結(jié)尾提到，說話者認(rèn)為人們應(yīng)該竭盡所能去做能實(shí)現(xiàn)工作目標(biāo)的事情，包括謹(jǐn)慎塑造自己的形象，這都是值得的。D選項(xiàng)“做任何能（使我們的形象）看起來時(shí)尚的事情”與原文意思符合，因此正確。A選項(xiàng)“設(shè)計(jì)他們自己的制服，使其看起來獨(dú)一無二”；B選項(xiàng)“穿經(jīng)典的衣服給客戶留下深刻印象”和C選項(xiàng)“對抗不斷變化的時(shí)尚潮流”均不正確，在原文找不到相關(guān)依據(jù)，因此排除。

15.單選題

Manywomen,accordingtothis____,wouldratherworkthanmarry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hypothesis

B.hierarchy

C.synthesis

D.syndrome

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)hypothesis“假設(shè)”；B選項(xiàng)hierarchy“等級制度”；C選項(xiàng)synthesis“結(jié)合；（人工的）合成”；D選項(xiàng)syndrome“綜合征；典型表現(xiàn)”。句意：根據(jù)這一______，許多女性寧愿工作也不愿結(jié)婚。根據(jù)語境，許多女性寧愿工作也不愿結(jié)婚更可能是一個(gè)假設(shè)，A選項(xiàng)hypothesis“假設(shè)”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust______allprofitstothegovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.turndown

B.turnup

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)turndown“拒絕”，B項(xiàng)turnup“出現(xiàn)”，C項(xiàng)turnout“結(jié)果證明是，生產(chǎn)”，D項(xiàng)turnin“上繳，交出”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞allprofits“所有的利潤”和government“政府”可推測，空格部分表示“上繳”。句意：在現(xiàn)行制度下，國有企業(yè)必須上繳全部利潤。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

Womenhavesignificantadvantagesovermeninspacebecausetheyneedlessfoodandlessoxygenandthey（）radiationbetter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standupto

B.standinfor

C.standupfor

D.standinwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)standupto“經(jīng)得起，抵抗”；B選項(xiàng)standinfor“代替”；C選項(xiàng)standupfor“支持，擁護(hù)”；D選項(xiàng)standinwith“與...聯(lián)合，同...分擔(dān)”。句意：在太空中，女性比男性有明顯的優(yōu)勢，因?yàn)樗齻冃枰氖澄锖脱鯕飧?，而且她們能更好地抵抗輻射。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

18.單選題

Thisbookisabouthowthesebasicbeliefsandvaluesaffectimportant______ofAmericanlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fashions

B.frontiers

C.facets

D.formats

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)fashions“時(shí)尚；時(shí)裝；樣式；方式；時(shí)髦人物”；B選項(xiàng)frontiers“前沿；邊界；國境”；C選項(xiàng)facets“面；方面；小平面”；D選項(xiàng)formats“格式；版式；開本”。句意：這本書大致介紹了這些根本的信仰和價(jià)值觀對美國人生活各個(gè)重要層面的影響。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Thestorywassaidto______ontheinformationfromareliablesource.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingbased

B.havebeenbased

C.base

D.bebased

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.beingbased被根據(jù)B.havebeenbased被根據(jù)

C.base根據(jù)D.bebased被根據(jù)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)。

【解題思路】Besaidtodosth.是固定搭配，表示“據(jù)說……”，所以空格處的動詞要用原形；主句的謂語動詞為一般過去時(shí)wassaid，而base這個(gè)動作應(yīng)該是發(fā)生在wassaid之前，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)不符合固定搭配；

C、D項(xiàng)不符合時(shí)態(tài)。

【句意】據(jù)說這篇報(bào)道是根據(jù)可靠的消息來源寫成的。

20.翻譯題

國畫(Chinesepainting)是世界上最古老的藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng)之一。繪畫時(shí)用毛筆蘸黑墨或彩墨在紙張或絲綢上作畫。根據(jù)表現(xiàn)手法，國畫可分為寫意派(theXieyiSchool)和工筆派(theGongbiSchool)兩大類。寫意派以自由表達(dá)和形式夸張為特點(diǎn)；工筆派則注重以精細(xì)的筆法描繪細(xì)節(jié)。山水畫被公認(rèn)為國畫的最高形式?？v觀歷史，不同時(shí)期的國畫都相應(yīng)地反映出人們的社會意識。

【答案】Chinesepaintingisoneoftheoldestartistictraditionsintheworld.Thepaintingisdoneonpaperorsilkwithabrushdippedinblackorcoloredink.Accordingtothemeansofexpression,ChinesepaintingscanbedividedintotwocategorieswhicharetheXieyiSchoolandtheGongbiSchool.TheXieyiSchoolischaracterizedbyfreeexpressionandexaggeratedforms,whiletheGongbiSchoolattachesimportancetodetailwithfinebrushwork.LandscapepaintingiswidelyregardedasthehighestformofChinesepainting.Throughouthistory,theChinesepaintingsatdifferenttimesmirrorpeople'ssocialconsciousnessaccordingly.

21.單選題

Thecommitteeis（

）adecisionfromtheheadquartersbeforeittakesanyaction.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.waiting

B.awaitingfor

C.awaiting

D.anticipating

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞和動詞詞組辨析。wait“等候”；awaitfor這個(gè)詞組不常見；await“等候”；anticipate“預(yù)期；期望”。句意：采取任何行動之前，委員會正在等待總部的一個(gè)決定。wait后面要接一個(gè)介詞for再加等待的對象；await可以直接接賓語。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

22.單選題

ScarJoisnotthefirstAmericantoconveytheimpressionthatyoucangetbyinPariswithoutspeakingFrench;DavidSedarisfoundplentyofmaterialwritingabouthisdreadoflearningFrenchwhenhelivedinParis.Heavoidedthechallengelargelybyhidingawayalldayintheaters,watchingEnglish-languagefilms.DirectorWesAndersonloveshisplaceinParis,butfreelyadmitshedoesn’tspeakthelanguageatleastnotwellenoughtounderstandqueriesatpressconferences.Hence,thequestion:CanyouactuallyliveinPariswithoutspeakingFrench?

AssomeonemarriedtoaFrenchman,withwhomIliveinParisafewmonthsofeveryyear,I’lloffermyquickanswer:Yes.Butifyoucan’treallytalktoParisians,youwillneverhitthebeautiful,thoughtful,gentlesweetsoftspotthatliesbehindtheirFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence—whichpresentsitselfascoldnessorcrankiness.Findingthatsweetspot,viahourschattingwiththemincafesandbars,allowedmetoloveParisiansafteralongperiodoffindingthemcompletelyimpossible.Ifyouaregoingtolearn,theonlywaytogoistotalimmersion.So:

1.TakelessonsorhireatutortositinacafeandspeakFrenchwithyouasoftenasyoucanafford.(Andgiventhenumberofwell-educated,unemployedParisyouthseekingwork,it’snotthatexpensive.)

2.InsistthatyourFrenchfriendsspeakonlyFrenchwithyou.Thisispainfulandwillsendyouhomeattheendofthedaywithanachinghead.Butyou’llalsosoonrealizejusthowdifferenteverydayFrenchisfromthestilted,outdatedFrenchyoulearnedinschool.Onlyveryformalorwrittencasescallforbeginningquestionswith“Est-ceque...”orforusingthenousformforusanymore.AndlestyoutakeoffensewhenaParisianrepliestoyourFrenchwithherEnglish,remember—it’sherchancetoshowoffandpracticeherESL.ParisianswantyoutoknowthattheyarefarmorelikelytospeakgoodEnglishthanFrenchpeopleoutsideofParis,whoseEnglishmasteryembarrassinglyfallsbehindnotjustNorthernEuropebutEasternEurope,andwhoseconfidencelevelsaboutspeakingEnglish,accordingly,arealsolow.

Also,don’ttakeoffenseifsomeoneseemstobealmostdaringyoutospeakFrench.SaysmyfriendCindraFeuer,whohasbeenlivingonandoffinParisfornearlytwoyearswithherFrenchgirlfriend:HerfatherspeaksgoodEnglish,buthealwaystalkstomeinFrench.IthoughtitwasachallengeuntilmygirlfriendtoldmethathewasjustinsecureaboutspeakinglessthanperfectEnglisharoundme.AndthereinliesabigdifferencebetweenParisiansandAmericans,andourschoolingsystems.Wewereschooledandweliveinaculturewhereit’sokaytostumble,totryandfail,tobelessthanperfect.Theold,rote,didactic,shame-basedFrenchschoolingsystemdieshard.FrenchpeopleareoftenafraidtospeakEnglishunlesstheycanfeelassuredit’simpeccable.You,however,shouldcastshameaside.Andifyoudon’thavetimeforatutor,here’saquickguideonhowtofakeit.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,ifonecan’treallytalktoParisians,hewill________.

6.Parisianslikereplyingtoothers’FrenchwiththeirEnglishbecause________.

7.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutParisianswhencomparedwithAmericans?

8.Whatistheauthorgoingtowriteaboutattheendofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.avoidmeetingwithFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence

B.failtogetbyorchatwithParisiansincafesandbars

C.missthechanceofenjoyingtherealcharmofParisians

D.finditanurgentcalltolearnFrenchwell

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyareafraidofmakingothersoffended

B.theyfeelinferiortoEuropeansintermsoflanguage

C.theyarehelpfultopeopleoutsideofParis

D.theyfeelproudoftheirabilitytospeakgoodEnglish

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.TheydonotallowthemselvestomakemistakesinspeakingEnglish.

B.TheyfeelassuredaboutstumblingwhenspeakingtoAmericans.

C.TheydonotliketheirschoolingsystemofteachingEnglish.

D.TheyenjoycompetingwithAmericansinspeakingEnglish.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.SuggestionsonhowtospeakproperFrench.

B.Adviceonhowtocastshameaside.

C.Guidanceforlookingforaqualifiedtutor.

D.ArrangementsforpractisingFrench.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

【解析】5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：作者認(rèn)為，如果一個(gè)人不能和巴黎人交流，他將……？根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段第二句話Butifyoucan’treallytalktoParisians,youwillneverhitthebeautiful,thoughtful,gentlesweetsoftspotthatliesbehindtheirFrenchshynessandlackofconfidence—whichpresentsitselfascoldnessorcrankiness.（但是如果你真的不能和巴黎人交談，你將永不能發(fā)現(xiàn)，藏在法國人害羞和缺乏自信——常表現(xiàn)為冷漠和偏執(zhí)背后的是那些美麗的，體貼的，溫和的，甜美的軟肋。），可知巴黎人通常表現(xiàn)為冷漠和偏執(zhí)，只有通過交流，才能發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的各種優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此，C選項(xiàng)“錯(cuò)失了欣賞巴黎人真正的魅力的機(jī)會”，符合題意；A項(xiàng)“不會看到法國人的害羞以及缺乏自信”，與原文相悖，故排除；文章第二段第三句話Findingthatsweetspot,viahourschattingwiththemincafesandbars（最有效的方式就是和他們在咖啡館或者酒吧聊天），這句話說明了解巴黎人的魅力的方法是通過在咖啡館和酒吧聊天，而B項(xiàng)“不能和巴黎人在咖啡館和酒吧聊天”，不是不能和巴黎人交流的后果，而是和巴黎人交流最好的方式，因此B選項(xiàng)不符合題意；D項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好法語是急迫要求”，在文中并沒有提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

6.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：巴黎人喜歡用英語回應(yīng)其他法國人是因?yàn)椤?？根?jù)題干定位到文章第四段第五句話AndlestyoutakeoffensewhenaParisianrepliestoyourFrenchwithherEnglish,remember—it’sherchancetoshowoffandpracticeherESL.（當(dāng)一個(gè)巴黎人用英語回答你的法語時(shí)，你要記住，這是她炫耀和練習(xí)英語的機(jī)會），可知D選項(xiàng)“他們對于自己說好英語的能力感到驕傲”，符合題意；根據(jù)文章第四段第六句話ParisianswantyoutoknowthattheyarefarmorelikelytospeakgoodEnglishthanFrenchpeopleoutsideofParis...,arealsolow.（巴黎人想讓你知道，他們比巴黎以外的法國人更有可能講一口流利的英語……，他們對說英語也沒有什么自信。），可知除巴黎之外其他城市的法國人說英語不如歐洲人而且他們不自信，而B選項(xiàng)“在語言方面，他們覺得自己不如歐洲人”，主語是巴黎人，不符合題意，排除；A選項(xiàng)“他們害怕讓其他人感到不舒服”和C選項(xiàng)“他們有助于巴黎之外的人”，在文中均未提及。綜上所述，本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

7.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：和美國人相比，作者怎么認(rèn)為巴黎人？根據(jù)題干定位到文章最后一段第五句話Wewereschooledandweliveinaculturewhereit’sokaytostumble,totryandfail,tobelessthanperfect.Theold,rote,didactic,shame-basedFrenchschoolingsystemdieshard.FrenchpeopleareoftenafraidtospeakEnglishunlesstheycanfeelassuredit’simpeccable.（我們受過教育，且我們的文化教會我們摔倒，嘗試后失敗，不完美都是沒關(guān)系的。然而老式，生硬，說教，以羞恥為基礎(chǔ)的法國學(xué)校教育體制很難改變。法國人常害怕說英語，除非他們確認(rèn)自己不會犯錯(cuò)），可知法國人只有在確定沒有錯(cuò)誤的前提下，才會說英語，因此A選項(xiàng)“在說英語的時(shí)候，他們不允許自己犯錯(cuò)”，符合題意；B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)和美國人說英語的時(shí)候，對于障礙，他們感到自信”，本句提到美國人說第二母語是不會害怕犯錯(cuò)的，但是法國人相反，因此B選項(xiàng)的描述錯(cuò)誤，排除；C項(xiàng)“他們不喜歡學(xué)校的英語教學(xué)體制”，在文中沒有提及，故排除；D項(xiàng)“在說英語方面，他們享受和美國競爭”，文章只提及了美國人和法國人在說非母語時(shí)的不同，并沒有提到競爭，故D選項(xiàng)排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

8.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干：在文章末尾，作者打算寫……？最后一段作者提到相比于美國人，法國人說英語時(shí)害怕犯錯(cuò)。緊接著最后一句話提到Y(jié)ou,however,shouldcastshameaside.Andifyoudon’thavetimeforatutor,here’saquickguideonhowtofakeit.（然而，你應(yīng)該拋開羞恥。如果你沒有時(shí)間請家教，這里有一個(gè)快速指南教你如何偽裝。），可知作者建議我們學(xué)習(xí)法語時(shí)，不應(yīng)該害羞，害怕犯錯(cuò)，如果沒時(shí)間上課學(xué)習(xí)法語，這里有一些建議，因此作者接下來很可能會教授如何說好法語的建議，因此A選項(xiàng)“說好法語的建議”，符合題意；B選項(xiàng)“拋開恥辱的建議”和C選項(xiàng)“尋找合格導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)”都是屬于文章的過度推斷，排除；D選項(xiàng)“練習(xí)法語的安排”，作者只會給讀者一些建議，而不是安排，故排除。綜上所述，本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

23.單選題

Thereisanincorrectassumptionamongscientistsandmedicalpeoplethateveryoneagrees（）whatconstitutesabenefittoanindividual.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.with

C.to

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】介詞搭配題。agreeonsth.

在某一點(diǎn)上取得一致意見,

同意某事；agreewithsb.同意...，和...意見一致；agreetodosth.同意,

接受，允諾；agreein+動名詞，在...方面意見一致。句意：科學(xué)家和醫(yī)學(xué)界有一種錯(cuò)誤的假設(shè)，即人們對福利問題都持一致的觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A正確。

24.單選題

Changingfromsolidtoliquidwatertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearit,andthis（）producesartificialcoldsurroundingit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.absorption

B.consumption

C.transition

D.interaction

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。absorption“吸收”；consumption“消費(fèi)，消耗”；transition“過渡；轉(zhuǎn)變”；interaction“相互作用”。前半句提到“從固態(tài)變成液態(tài)，水需要吸收它周圍所有物質(zhì)的熱量”，因此空格處表示的就是“吸收(熱量)”這個(gè)過程，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

25.單選題

RecombinantDNAtechnologyallowsscientiststocutsegmentsofDNAfromonetypeoforganismandcombinethemwiththegenesofasecondorganism.AlsocalledgeneticengineeringrecombinantDNAtechnologyisamethodbywhichrelativelysimpleorganisms,suchasbacteriaoryeast,orevenmammaliancellsinculture,canbeinducedtomakequantitiesofhumanproteins,includinginterferonsorgrowtobaccoplantsthatproducemonoclonalantibodies,andgoatsthatsecreteaclot-dissolvingheartattackdrug,tissueplasminogenactivator(TPA),intheirmilk.

AnotherfacetofrecombinantDNAtechnologyinvolvesgenetherapy.Thegoalofthistherapyistoreplacedefectivegenes,ortoendowacellwithnewcapabilities.In1989,thefeasibilityandsafetyofgenetransferwasdemonstratedwhentumor-infiltratinglymphocytes(TILS)wereextractedfromapatient,equippedwithamarkergene(sotheycouldbetrackedandmonitored),andthenre-injectedintopatientswithadvancedcancer.TodeliverthegeneintotheTILS,thescientistsusedavirus,exploitingitsnaturaltendencytoinvadecells,beforebeingusedasavector,theviruswasalteredsothatitcouldnotreproduceorcausedisease.Thisexperimentdemonstratedthatgene-modifiedcellscouldsurviveforlongperiodsinthebloodstreamandintumordepositswithoutharmtothepatient.

Theearliestattemptstousegenestherapeuticallyfocusedonaformofseverecombinedimmunodeficiencydisease(SCID),whichiscausedbythelackofanenzymeduetoasingleabnormalgene.Thegeneforthisenzyme-adenosinedeaminase(ADA)—isdeliveredintothepatient'sTcellsbyamodifiedretrovirus.WhenthevirussplicesitsgenesintothoseoftheTcells,itsimultaneouslyintroducesthegeneforthemissingenzyme.AfterthetreatedTcellsbegintoproducethemissingenzyme,theyareinjectedbackintothepatient.

Genetherapyisnowbeingusedwithsomecancerpatients.TILSreinforcedwithagenefortheantitumorcytokineknownastumornecrosisfactor(TNF)havebeenadministeredtopatientswithadvancedmelanoma,adeadlyformofskincancer.Plansareunderwaytoengineeracancer“vaccine”designedtoimproveanticancerimmuneresponsesbytakingsmallbitsoftumorfrompatientswithcancer,outfittingthetumorcellswithgenesforimmunecellactivatingcytokinessuchasLL2,andre-injectingthesegene-modifiedtumorsintothepatient.Whilethethoughtofreintroducingacanceroustumorintoapatientseemssomewhatfrightening,theenhancedimmuneresponsetriggeredbythistechniquemayhelppreventtherecurrenceofcancer.

1.WhatinnatecharacteristicofvirusesdidresearcherstakeadvantageofinordertotransportgenesintoTILS?

2.Accordingtothepassage,SCIDiscausedby（

）.

3.Whymightcancerpatientsbeleeryoftheprospectofacancer“vaccine”asdiscussedinthispassage?

4.Adenosinedeaminase(ADA)istransferredintotheTcellsofapatientvia