考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽電氣工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽電氣工程職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Wecomplainofthedarknessinwhichweliveoutourlives:wedonotunderstandthenatureofexistenceingeneral;weespeciallydonotknowtherelationofourownselftotherestofexistence.Notonlyisourlifeshort,ourknowledgeislimitedentirelytoit,sincewecansee（

）backbeforeourbirth（

）outbeyondourdeath,sothatourconsciousnessisasitwerealightning-flashmomentarilyilluminatingthenight:ittrulyseemsasthoughademonhadmaliciouslyshutoffallfurtherknowledgefromussoastoenjoyourdiscomfiture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.either...or

B.neither...nor

C.both…and

D.notonly…butalso

【答案】B

【解析】考查并列連詞?？崭裉幘湟猓何覀兊闹R(shí)局限于此，“······出生之前，······我們死亡之后?！蔽覀儗?duì)于生前死后的知識(shí)應(yīng)為否定狀態(tài)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有B選項(xiàng)表示否定。

2.單選題

Thenutritionofacommon-wealth（）theplenty,anddistributionofmaterialsconducingtolife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.consistsof

B.consistsin

C.isconsistentwith

D.iscomposedof

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。consistsof“由組成”；consistsin“存在于”；isconsistentwith“與一致”；iscomposedof“由組成”。句意：共同財(cái)富的好處在于有益于生活的物質(zhì)的豐富性和物質(zhì)分配。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

The（）ofallkindsofnecessarygoodswascausedbynaturalcalamity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.variety

B.scarcity

C.solidarity

D.commodity

【答案】B

【解析】同形詞辨析題。variety“多樣”；scarcity“不足；缺乏”；solidarity“團(tuán)結(jié)”；commodity“商品”；根據(jù)naturalcalamity“自然災(zāi)害”可知此處應(yīng)該說(shuō)的是各種必需品的“缺乏”，故正確答案為選項(xiàng)B。句意為：各種必需品的缺乏是自然災(zāi)難造成的。

4.單選題

Thepolicedetectiveputtogetherthepiecesofevidencetoformone（

）account.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sensitive

B.genuine

C.expressive

D.coherent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞義辨析。sensitive“敏感的；感覺(jué)的”；genuine“真實(shí)的；真正的”；expressive“表現(xiàn)的；有表現(xiàn)力的”；coherent“連貫的；清晰的；一致的”。句意：這位警探將這些證據(jù)拼湊在一起形成一份連貫的報(bào)告。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.單選題

Nowordswill（）toconveymygrief.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.serve

B.supply

C.suffice

D.support

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)serve“招待，供應(yīng)，為……服務(wù)”；B選項(xiàng)supply“供給，提供，補(bǔ)充”；C選項(xiàng)suffice“使?jié)M足，足夠，有能力”，sufficeto“足以”，例如：Oneexamplewillsufficetoillustratethepoint.舉一個(gè)例子就足以說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)，D選項(xiàng)support“支持，幫助，支撐”，句意：沒(méi)有言語(yǔ)能夠表達(dá)我的悲傷。由選項(xiàng)意思，固定搭配和句意可知，C選項(xiàng)符合句意。

6.單選題

Becausetheselinesaretakenoutof（）,theydonotconveythemessagetheauthorintended.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.content

B.contact

C.context

D.contract

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)content“內(nèi)容；目錄”；B選項(xiàng)contact“接觸；聯(lián)系”；C選項(xiàng)context“環(huán)境；上下文”；D選項(xiàng)contract“合同；契約”。Because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，由主句theydonotconveythemessagetheauthorintended.“它們無(wú)法傳達(dá)作者想表達(dá)的含義，可知單看一個(gè)句子是無(wú)法了解到作者想要表達(dá)的含義的，需要結(jié)合文章的上下文，才能夠理清思路。句意：由于脫離了……，這些文字無(wú)法傳達(dá)作者想表達(dá)的含義。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Whentheclasswasover,theywentbacktotheir（

）dormitories.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.complacent

B.respectable

C.respective

D.respectful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。complacent意為“自滿的，自鳴得意的”；respectable意為“得體的，值得尊敬的”；respective意為“各自的，分別的”；respectful意為“有禮貌的”。

句意：下課后，他們回到各自的宿舍去了。

8.單選題

Inthevastmajorityofcases,thepopulace（老百姓）tendsto（）economicsuccesswithdemocracy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.digest

B.distinguish

C.assimilate

D.identify

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。digest消化,吸收;distinguish區(qū)分,一般與from搭配;assimilate吸收,同化;assimilatewith使相似,將...比作...;identify鑒定,識(shí)別。句意：在絕大多數(shù)情況下,民眾傾向于將經(jīng)濟(jì)成功與民主等同起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

9.寫作題

Directions:Presentyourperspectiveontheissuebelow,usingrelevantreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.

Someeducationalsystemsemphasizethedevelopmentofstudent’scapacityforreasoningandlogicalthinking,butstudentswouldbenefitmorefromaneducationthatalsotaughtthemtoexploretheirownemotions.Writeacompositionofabout400wordsentitledStudentsWouldBenefitsMorefromanEducationofEmotions.

【答案】【略】

10.單選題

Educatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropouts(輟學(xué)者)amongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPh.D.s.Somehaveplacedthedropoutslossashighas50percent.Theextentofthelosswas,however,largelyamatterofexpertguessing.Lastweekawell-roundedstudywaspublished.Itwaspublished.Itwasbasedon22,000questionnairessenttoformergraduatestudentswhowereenrolledin24universitiesanditseemedtoshowmanypastfearstobegroundless.

Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percent,andinmostcasesthedropouts,whilenotcompletingthePh.D.requirement,wentontoproductivework.Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.

Discussingthestudylastweek,Dr.Tuckersaidtheprojectwasinitiated‘becauseoftheconcernfrequentlyexpressedbygraduatefacultiesandadministratorsthatsomeoftheindividualswhodroppedoutofPh.D.programswerecapableofcompetingtherequirementforthedegree.Attrition(縮/減員，磨損)atthePh.D.levelisalsothoughttobeawasteofpreciousfacultytimeandadrainonuniversityresourcesalreadybeingusedtocapacity.SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePh.D.’

“Theresultsofourresearch,”Dr.Tuckerconcluded,“didnotsupporttheseopinions.”

1.Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.

2.Mostdropoutswentasfarintheirdoctoralprogramaswasconsistentwiththeirlevelsofabilityortheirspecialities.

3.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.

Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision,butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.Amongthesinglemostimportantpersonalreasonsidentifiedbydropoutsfornon-completionoftheirPh.D.program,lackoffinanceswasmarkedby19percent.

Asanindicationofhowwellthedropoutsweredoing,achartshowed2%inhumanitieswerereceiving$20,000andmoreannuallywhilenoneofthePh.D.swiththatbackgroundreachedthisfigure.ThePh.D.sshoneinthe$7,500to$15,000bracketwith78%atthatlevelagainst50%forthedropouts.Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D.stendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.

Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtograduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob.

31.Theauthorstatesthatmanyeducatorsfeelthat___.

32.Researchhasshownthat___.

33.MeetingforeignlanguagerequirementsforthePh.D.___.

34.Afterreadingthearticle,onewouldrefrainfromconcludingthat___.

35.Itcanbeinferredthatthehighrateofdropoutsliesin___.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stepsshouldbetakentogetthedropoutsbacktocampus

B.thedropoutsshouldreturntoalowerqualityschooltocontinuetheirstudy

C.thePh.

D.holderisgenerallyabetteradjustedpersonthanthedropoutD.thehighdropoutsrateislargelyattributabletothelackofstimulationonthepartoffacultymembers

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.dropoutsaresubstantiallybelowPh.D.sinfinancialattainment

B.theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studies

C.D.sinfinancialattainmentB.theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studiesC.

D.sinfinancialattainmentB.theincentivefactorisaminoroneinregardtopursuingPh.D.studiesC.thePh.D.candidateislikelytochangehisfieldofspecializationifhedropsoutD.aboutone-thirdofthosewhostartPh.D.workdonotcompletetheworktoearnthedegree

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.isthemostfrequentreasonfordroppingout

B.ismoredifficultforthesciencecandidatethanforthehumanitiescandidate

C.isanessentialpartofmanyPh.

D.programsD.doesnotvaryindifficultyamonguniversities

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.optimismreignsinregardtogettingPh.D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegree

B.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegree

C.D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegreeB.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegreeC.

D.dropoutstoreturntotheirpursuitofthedegreeB.aPh.D.dropout,byandlarge,doesnothavewhatittakestolearnthedegreeC.collegesanduniversitiesemployasubstantialnumberofPh.D.dropoutsD.Ph.D.sarenotearningwhattheydeserveinnonacademicpositions

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.salaryforPh.D.toolow.

B.academicrequirementtoohigh.

C.D.toolow.B.academicrequirementtoohigh.C.

D.toolow.B.academicrequirementtoohigh.C.salaryfordropoutstoohigh.D.1000positions.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】31.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文定位到第一段開(kāi)頭Educatorsareseriouslyconcernedaboutthehighrateofdropouts(輟學(xué)者)amongthedoctorofphilosophycandidatesandtheconsequentlossoftalenttoanationinneedofPh.D.s.（教育工作者非常關(guān)注哲學(xué)博士候選人的高輟學(xué)率，以及一個(gè)需要博士生的國(guó)家隨之而來(lái)的人才流失）以及第三段SomepeopleexpressedtheopinionthattheshortageofhighlytrainedspecialistsandcollegeteacherscouldbereducedbypersuadingthedropoutstoreturntograduateschoolstocompletethePh.D.（一些人認(rèn)為，通過(guò)說(shuō)服輟學(xué)者回到研究生院攻讀博士學(xué)位，可以減少受過(guò)良好訓(xùn)練的專家和大學(xué)教師的短缺）可知一些人希望采取措施說(shuō)服輟學(xué)者重回校園，選A選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該采取措施讓輟學(xué)者重返校園”；B選項(xiàng)“那些輟學(xué)的學(xué)生應(yīng)該回到質(zhì)量較低的學(xué)校繼續(xù)他們的學(xué)業(yè)”，C選項(xiàng)“擁有博士學(xué)位的人通常比輟學(xué)的人更能適應(yīng)環(huán)境”以及D選項(xiàng)“高輟學(xué)率很大程度上是由于教員缺乏激勵(lì)”和原文不符合。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

32.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第二段開(kāi)頭Thedropoutsratewasfoundtobe31percent（調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，輟學(xué)率為31%）可知輟學(xué)人數(shù)占據(jù)三分之一，D選項(xiàng)“大約三分之一開(kāi)始攻讀博士學(xué)位的人沒(méi)有完成學(xué)業(yè)獲得學(xué)位”符合原文；第二段結(jié)尾Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.（他們不僅經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況良好，而且，根據(jù)這份報(bào)告，他們的收入水平并不比那些繼續(xù)攻讀博士學(xué)位的人低多少）可知A選項(xiàng)“在經(jīng)濟(jì)成就方面，輟學(xué)者大大低于博士”和原文相悖；原文1.Lackofmotivationwastheprincipalreasonfordroppingout.（1.缺乏動(dòng)力是退學(xué)的主要原因）可知B選項(xiàng)“激勵(lì)因素是攻讀博士學(xué)位的次要因素”和原文相悖；原文3.Mostdropoutsarenowengagedinworkconsistentwiththeireducationandmotivation.（3.大多數(shù)輟學(xué)者現(xiàn)在從事與他們的教育和動(dòng)機(jī)相一致的工作）可知C選項(xiàng)“如果博士候選人輟學(xué)，他很可能改變他的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域”和原文相悖。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

33.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“foreignlanguagerequirements”定位到原文倒數(shù)第三段butthosewhomentionedacademicreasoncitedfailuretopassthequalifyingexamination,uncompletedresearchandfailuretopasslanguageexams.（但那些提到學(xué)術(shù)原因的人以未能通過(guò)資格考試、未完成研究和未能通過(guò)語(yǔ)言考試為由）可推測(cè)出外語(yǔ)要求是博士生課程的基本組成部分，選C選項(xiàng)“是許多博士項(xiàng)目的重要組成部分”；倒數(shù)第三段Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision（近75%的退學(xué)者表示，他們的決定沒(méi)有學(xué)術(shù)原因）可知學(xué)術(shù)原因不是導(dǎo)致退學(xué)的主要原因，A選項(xiàng)“是退學(xué)最常見(jiàn)的原因”不符合原文；B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)理科考生來(lái)說(shuō)比人文學(xué)科考生來(lái)說(shuō)更難”以及D選項(xiàng)“不同的大學(xué)在難度上沒(méi)有太大的差別”原文未涉及。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

34.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文最后一段開(kāi)頭Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.（至于讓輟學(xué)學(xué)生重返校園的可能性，前景不容樂(lè)觀）可知無(wú)法得出A選項(xiàng)“在讓從博士學(xué)位輟學(xué)的人重新攻讀學(xué)位的問(wèn)題上，樂(lè)觀主義占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位”這一結(jié)論；B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)從博士學(xué)位退學(xué)的人，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有獲得學(xué)位所需要的條件”以及C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)院和大學(xué)雇傭了許多退學(xué)學(xué)生”文章無(wú)提及，因此也沒(méi)有能從文章得出這個(gè)結(jié)論這一說(shuō)，排除；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D.s.tendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.（這也可能表明這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：在博士能掙到最高工資的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域中，高工資仍然落后于其他領(lǐng)域）可以推測(cè)出D選項(xiàng)“博士們?cè)诜菍W(xué)術(shù)崗位上掙的錢比不上他們應(yīng)得的”，排除。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

35.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段最后一句Thismayalsobeanindicationofthefactthattopsalariesintheacademicfields,wherePh.D.s.tendtorisetothehighestsalaries,arestilllaggingbehindotherfields.（這也可能表明這樣一個(gè)事實(shí)：在博士能掙到最高工資的學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域中，高工資仍然落后于其它領(lǐng)域）以及最后一段Astothepossibilityofgettingdropoutsbackoncampus,theoutlookwasglum.Themainconditionwhichwouldhavetoprevailforatleast25%ofthedropoutswhomightconsiderreturningtograduateschoolwouldbetoguaranteethattheywouldretaintheirpresentlevelofincomeandinsomecasestheirpresentjob.（至于返回校園的可能性，前景不樂(lè)觀。至少有25%的退學(xué)生可能考慮返回研究生院就讀，條件是保證他們保留現(xiàn)有的收入水平，有些還要保留他們目前的工作）推測(cè)出高輟學(xué)率主要在于博士的薪水太低，選A選項(xiàng)“博士的薪水太低”；倒數(shù)第三段Nearly75percentofthedropoutssaidtherewasnoacademicreasonfortheirdecision（近75%的退學(xué)者表示，他們的決定沒(méi)有學(xué)術(shù)原因）可知學(xué)術(shù)要求太高不是導(dǎo)致退學(xué)的主要原因，B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)術(shù)要求太高”錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段Theyarenotonlydoingwellfinancially,but,accordingtothereport,arenotfarbelowtheincomelevelsofthosewhowentontocompletetheirdoctorates.（他們不僅經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況良好，而且，根據(jù)這份報(bào)告，他們的收入水平并不比那些繼續(xù)攻讀博士學(xué)位的人低多少）可知C選項(xiàng)“輟學(xué)者的薪水太高”屬于過(guò)度推斷；D選項(xiàng)“1000個(gè)職位”和原文不符。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Althoughshegivesbadly（

）titlestohermusicalcompositions,theyincorporateunusualcombinationsofmaterialsincludingGregorianchant,Asianscalepatternsandrhythms,electronicsounds,andbirdsongs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exotic

B.eccentric

C.imaginative

D.conventional

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。exotic異國(guó)的，外來(lái)的eccentric古怪的，反常的；imaginative虛構(gòu)的，富于想象的；conventional符合習(xí)俗的，日常的。句意：盡管她糟糕地給她的音樂(lè)作品賦以尋常的（傳統(tǒng)的）題目，但是這些作品卻體現(xiàn)出對(duì)一些材料的不尋常整合，比如羅馬教的圣歌、亞洲的音階風(fēng)格節(jié)奏、古怪的聲響和鳥(niǎo)鳴。由although及unusual可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與unusual相反，故答案為D。

12.單選題

Thegeocentricideawasabandonedintheseventeenthcentury,partlyasaresultofthewritingsofCopernicus（）observationsmadebyotherastronomers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.andalsowere

B.notonlybecauseof

C.alsobecausewere

D.andalsobecauseof

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞partly可知，空格后面表示另一部分原因，因此兩個(gè)原因應(yīng)該用并列連詞and連接，排除B和C。前面由asaresultof引導(dǎo)第一個(gè)原因，后面可用becauseof與其并列。故選D項(xiàng)。句意：地心說(shuō)在17世紀(jì)被拋棄，部分原因是哥白尼的著作，也因?yàn)槠渌煳膶W(xué)家的觀測(cè)結(jié)果。

13.單選題

Fromthismaterialwecan（）hundredsofwhatyoumaycalldirectproducts.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.derive

B.discern

C.diminish

D.displace

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)derive“源自，獲得”；B選項(xiàng)discern“覺(jué)察出，識(shí)別”；C選項(xiàng)diminish“減少，縮小”；D選項(xiàng)displace“取代”。根據(jù)句意：我們能夠從這個(gè)材料中數(shù)百個(gè)你稱之為直接產(chǎn)品的東西。根據(jù)介詞短語(yǔ)fromthismaterial可知，這里應(yīng)該是表示來(lái)源并且能夠與介詞from搭配，所以只有選項(xiàng)A符合要求。

14.單選題

What______supposewouldhappenifthedirectorknewyoufeltthatway?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.willyou

B.doyou

C.wouldyou

D.youwould

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)序。在該句子中，doyousuppose相當(dāng)于一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，Whatwouldhappenifthe...才是一個(gè)整體，做全句的賓語(yǔ)從句。類似的表達(dá)還有doyouthink等。句意：你猜想看看，如果主管知道你那樣想之后會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Mostactsof（）involvethinningouttheanimalpopulationincertainareasofthecountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.malcontent

B.pander

C.peccadillo

D.depredation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)malcontent“不滿現(xiàn)狀的人；反抗者”；B選項(xiàng)pander“慫恿者；拉皮條者”；C選項(xiàng)peccadillo“輕罪；小過(guò)失；小瑕疵”；D選項(xiàng)depredation“掠奪；破壞，破壞痕跡”。句意：大多數(shù)掠奪行為使這個(gè)國(guó)家某些地區(qū)的動(dòng)物數(shù)量變少。根據(jù)句意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Thereis（）whatwillhappentothem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notelling

B.nottelling

C.nottotell

D.nottobetold

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。thereisnotelling意為：難以預(yù)料，很難說(shuō)。句意：很那說(shuō)他發(fā)生了什么事。

17.單選題

“Museum”isaslipperyword.Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.BothPlato'sAcademyandAristotle'sLyceumhadamouseion.amuses'shrine.AlthoughtheGreeksalreadycollecteddetachedworksofart,manytemples—notablythatofHeraatOlympia(beforewhichtheOlympicflameisstilllit)-hadcollectionsofobjects,someofwhichwereworksofartbywell-knownmasters.WhilepaintingsandsculpturesintheAlexandrianMuseumwereincidentaltoitsmainpurpose.

TheRomansalsocollectedandexhibitedartfromdisbandedtemples,aswellasmineralspecimens,exoticplants,animals;andtheyplunderedsculpturesandpaintings(mostlyGreek)forexhibition.Meanwhile,theGreekwordhadslippedintoLatinbytransliteration(thoughnottosignifypicturegalleries,whichwerecalledpinacothecae)andmuseumstillmoreorlessmeant"Muses'shrine".

Theinspirationalcollectionsofpreciousandsemi-preciousobjectswerekeptinlargerchurchesandmonasteries—whichfocusedonthegold—enshrined,bejeweledrelicsofsaintsandmartyrs.Princes,midlatermerchants,hadsimilarcollections,whichbecamethedepositsofnaturalcuriosities:largelumpsofamberorcoral,irregularpearls,unicornhorns,ostricheggs,fossilbonesandsoon.Theyalsoincludedcoinsandgems—oftenantiqueengravedones—aswellas,increasingly,paintingsandsculptures.Astheymultipliedandexpanded,tosupplementthem,theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined.

Atthesametime,visitorscouldadmiretheverygrandestpaintingsandsculpturesinthechurches,palacesandcastles;theywerenot“collected”either,but“site-specific”,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildingsandofthewayoflifewhichwentoninsidethem-andmostofthebuildingswerepublicones.However,duringtherevivalofantiquityinthefifteenthcentury,fragmentsofantiquesculptureweregivenhigherstatusthantheworkofanycontemporary,sothatdisplaysofantiquitieswouldinspireartiststoimitation,orevenbetter,toemulation;andsocouldbeconsideredMuses’shrinesintheformersense.TheMedicigardennearSanMarcoinFlorence,theBelvedereandtheCapitolinRomewerethemostfamousofsuchearly“inspirational”collections.Soontheymultiplied,andgradually,exemplary??modem”workswerealsoaddedtosuchgalleries.

Intheseventeenthcentury,scientificandprestigecollectingbecamesowidespreadthatthreeorfourcollectorsindependentlypublisheddirectoriestomuseumsallovertheknownworld.Butitwastheageofrevolutionsandindustrywhichproducedthenextsharpshiftinthewaytheinstitutionwasperceivedthefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries,ofwhichtheMuseedesMonumentsFrancaiswasthemostfamous.Then,inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,museumfundingtooloff,alliedtotheriseofnewwealth:LondonacquiredtheNationalGalleryandtheBritishMuseum,theLouvrewasorganized,theMuseum-1nselwasbeguninBerlin,andtheMunichgallerieswerebuilt.InVienna,thehugeKtmsthistorischesandNaturhistorischesMuseumstookovermuchoftheimperialtreasure.Meanwhile,thedeclineofcraftsmanship(andofpublictastewithit)inspiredthecreationof"improving"collections.TheVictoriaandAlbertMuseuminLondonwasthemostfamous,aswellasperhapsthelargestofthem.

1.Thesentence"Museumisaslipperyword"inthefirstparagraphmeansthat（

）.

2.Theideathatmuseumcouldmeanamountainoranobjectoriginatesfrom

（

）.

3."...theskillofthefakersgrewincreasinglyrefined"inthethirdparagraphmeansthat

（

）.

4.Paintingsandsculpturesondisplayinchurchesinthe15thcenturywere

（

）.

5.Modernmuseumscomeintoexistenceinorderto

（

）.

6.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.themeaningoftheworddidn'tchangeuntilafterthe15thcentury

B.themeaningofthewordhadchangedovertheyears

C.theGreekshelddifferentconceptsfromtheRomans

D.princesandmerchantsaddedpaintingstotheircollections

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theRomans

B.Florence

C.Olympia

D.Greek

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewasagreatdemandforfakers

B.fakersgrewrapidlyinnumber

C.fakersbecamemoreskillful

D.fakersbecamemorepolite

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.collectedfromelsewhere

B.madepartofthebuildings

C.donatedbypeople

D.boughtbychurches

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.protectroyalandchurchtreasures

B.improveexistingcollections

C.stimulatepublicinterest

D.raisemorefunds

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Collectionandcollectors

B.Theevolutionofmuseums

C.Modemmuseumsandtheirfunctions

D.Thebirthofmuseums

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

第6題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。slippery意為狡猾的，不穩(wěn)定的。再根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可以推測(cè)，這里是指它的意思多年來(lái)已經(jīng)改變了。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itfirstmeant(inGreek)anythingconsecratedtotheMuses:ahill,ashrine,agarden,afestivalorevenatextbook.它最初的意思是(在希臘語(yǔ)中)獻(xiàn)給繆斯女神的任何東西：一座小山、一座神殿、一座花園、一個(gè)節(jié)日，甚至是一本教科書?！庇纱丝芍x項(xiàng)D正確。

3.語(yǔ)義題。根據(jù)原文句意：隨著它們的增加和擴(kuò)大，作為補(bǔ)充，造假者的技藝變得越來(lái)越精湛。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“theywerenot‘collected’either,but‘site-specific’,andwereconsideredanintegralpartbothofthefabricofthebuildings...”它們不是被“收藏”，而是“特定場(chǎng)地的”，被認(rèn)為是建筑不可或缺的一部分。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段中“thefuryagainstroyalandchurchmonumentspromptedantiquarianstosheltertheminasylum-galleries...”對(duì)皇室和教堂遺跡的憤怒促使古物學(xué)家把它們（文物）藏在避難所的陳列室里。由此可知，是為了保護(hù)皇家和教堂的財(cái)富，選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

6.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是“museum”一詞的變化過(guò)程，所以選項(xiàng)B最能概括全文。

18.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.

由于看到越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始關(guān)注室內(nèi)環(huán)境的質(zhì)量,John正考慮從事室內(nèi)裝修的生意。這似乎肯定會(huì)賺錢,但他還沒(méi)有足夠的錢來(lái)投資。

顯然,即使是有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的技師也無(wú)法解決這個(gè)復(fù)雜的技術(shù)問(wèn)題。

詩(shī)歌常會(huì)向我們揭示自然之愛(ài),而且會(huì)使人想起年輕人感情的純真。

確定一個(gè)目標(biāo)并不是非常困難的,真正困難的是如何腳踏實(shí)地地實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)。

老張正騎車去上班,他在突然左轉(zhuǎn)彎時(shí)沒(méi)注意到一輛汽車正開(kāi)過(guò)來(lái)。汽車司機(jī)沒(méi)剎住車,把他撞倒了。老張?jiān)卺t(yī)院里躺了幾個(gè)月。雖然他康復(fù)了,但事故留給他的傷痕卻無(wú)法從記憶中抹去。

【答案】Noticingthatmoreandmorepeopleareconcerningabouttheindoorenvironmentalquality,Johnistryingtotakeoninteriordecorationbusiness,whichseemstobequiteprofitable.However,hehasn’traisedsufficientfundtoinvest.

Apparently,evenexperiencedtechnicianscannotsolvethiscomplicatedmattereither.

Poetryoftenunveilsthenaturallove,andisreminiscentofpureaffectionofyouth.

Makingagoalisnotdifficult.Therealdifficultyishowtoachievethegoalwithdown-to-earthworking.

Mr.Zhangdidn’tnoticeacarwasapproachinghimwhenheturnedleftthismorning,ridinghisbicycletowork.Thedriverfailedtostopthecarintime,andMr.Zhangwasbadlyinjured,havingtolivinginhospitalformonths.Theaccidentlefthimunforgettablepainevenafterherecovered.

19.單選題

Mybosshasalwaysattendedtothe___ofimportantbusinesshimself.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.transaction

B.stimulation

C.transition

D.solution

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)transaction“交易；事務(wù)；辦理；會(huì)報(bào)，學(xué)報(bào)”；B選項(xiàng)stimulation“刺激；激勵(lì)，鼓舞”；C選項(xiàng)transition“過(guò)渡；轉(zhuǎn)變；[分子生物]轉(zhuǎn)換；變調(diào)”；D選項(xiàng)solution“解決方案；溶液；溶解；解答”。句意：我的老板總是親自處理重要事務(wù)。A選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Frank（）allhisstrength,pushedpasttheplayersblockinghim,andranforatouchdown.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.calledon

B.calleddown

C.calledup

D.calledfor

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。callon“拜訪；號(hào)召”；calldown“引起；責(zé)罵”；callup“給……打電話；調(diào)用”；callfor“去接（某人）；去?。澄铮?。句意：弗蘭克用盡全力推開(kāi)阻礙者，越線得分。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

21.單選題

Allthemountainsarestunninglybeautiful,andthereare（）valleysandthesmellofpeatfromeverycottage.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wooden

B.wooded

C.wooding

D.woods

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。有題干得知，空格后為名詞，因此應(yīng)填入形容詞。wooden“木制的；呆板的”；wooded“樹(shù)木繁茂額，森林多的”；wooding無(wú)形容詞用法；woods“木材”，也無(wú)形容詞用法。修飾valley“山谷”的詞應(yīng)為wooded，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

22.單選題

Youcanhireabicycleinmanyplaces.Usuallyyou’llhavetopaya（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deposit

B.deal

C.fare

D.fond

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deposit“押金”；B選項(xiàng)deal“交易”；C選項(xiàng)fare“交通費(fèi)”；D選項(xiàng)fond“鐘愛(ài)”。句意：你可以在很多地方租到自行車。通常你要付押金。本句表示支付租車押金，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

23.單選題

Ihavenoideaoffashion,somychoiceofclothesseemsquitearbitrary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assertive

B.decisive

C.optional

D.tasteful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)assertive“肯定的”；B選項(xiàng)decisive“決定性的”；C選項(xiàng)optional“隨意的”；D選項(xiàng)tasteful“有品位的”。句意：我對(duì)時(shí)尚一竅不通，所以我對(duì)衣服的選擇似乎很隨意。劃線部分arbitrary是隨意的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

24.單選題

Thepost-WorldWarIIbaby___resultedina43%increaseinthenumberofteenagersinthe1960sand1970s.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boost

B.boom

C.production

D.prosperity

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)boost“推動(dòng)；幫助；宣揚(yáng)”；B選項(xiàng)boom“繁榮；（某種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)、音樂(lè)等）突然風(fēng)靡的時(shí)期；吊桿；隆隆聲；水柵；帆桁”；C選項(xiàng)production“成果；產(chǎn)品；生產(chǎn)；作品”；D選項(xiàng)prosperity“繁榮，成功”。結(jié)合空格前baby，組成固定搭配babyboom“嬰兒潮；生育高峰”。句意：二戰(zhàn)后的嬰兒潮導(dǎo)致60年代和70年代的青少年人數(shù)增加了43%。B選項(xiàng)正確。

25.單選題

Longhoursandunsociableshifts________taketheirtollonhealth,relationshipsandfamilylife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.must

B.can

C.areableto

D.should

【答案】B

【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“必須”；B選項(xiàng)“可以”；C選項(xiàng)“可以，能夠”；D選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該”。句意：長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作和缺乏社交的輪班制度（）對(duì)他們的健康、人際關(guān)系和家庭生活造成損害。根據(jù)句意，句子應(yīng)該填的是“可能”，所以把A，D選項(xiàng)排除。able表示對(duì)能力的描述，例如Areanimalsabletothink?（動(dòng)物會(huì)說(shuō)話嗎？）；can表有對(duì)能力描述也可以表推測(cè)判斷。兩者對(duì)比后can比較符合題意，所以答案選B。

26.翻譯題

Technologyisconstantlynarrowingthegapbetweensciencefictionandreality,bringingfundamentalchangesintoourlives.AccordingtoIBMresearchers,infiveyearswewon’tneedpasswords,won’tbebotheredbyjunkmailandwillbeabletocontrolmanyofourmachineswithourminds.TheAmericantechnologycompanyreleasedits6thannualFive-in-Five,alistoffiveinnovationsthefirmexpectstoseewithinfiveyears.Oneofthemwillenableustogeneratesmallamountsofenergytosupplementtheelectricpowerweuseinourhomes.“Youcandomicro-electronicgeneration,”saysBernieMeyerson,vicepresidentofInnovationatIBM.“Forinstance,youcanhavesomebodyinthethirdworldwhohasaccesstoaphoneorasmartphone,butdoesn’thaveaccesstoapowergrid,whichisaverycommonthingandliterallyinashoehassomethingthatrecoversenergyfromwalkingandcanchargethebatterytoenablethatpersontoactuallybecomeconnectedwiththerestoftheworld.”

【答案】答：

日新月異的科技不斷縮小科幻小說(shuō)和科學(xué)事實(shí)之間的差距，還給我們的生活帶來(lái)了根本上的改變。根據(jù)IBM研究人員的預(yù)測(cè)，5年內(nèi)我們就不再需要密碼，也不再會(huì)被垃圾電郵打攪，我們還能用我們的思維操控許多機(jī)器。美國(guó)科技公司IBM日前公布了第6次的“未來(lái)5年5大科技預(yù)測(cè)”，這是IBM預(yù)測(cè)我們將在未來(lái)5年看見(jiàn)的5大科技創(chuàng)新。其中一項(xiàng)將使我們能產(chǎn)生小量能源供給家戶電力。IBM創(chuàng)新部門的副主管梅爾森說(shuō)：“你可以進(jìn)行小容量的發(fā)電。例如，第三世界的某個(gè)人有一部手機(jī)或智慧型手機(jī)，但卻沒(méi)有電力供應(yīng)，這是很常見(jiàn)的事。在他的鞋里面裝上靠走路發(fā)電的裝置，他的手機(jī)隨時(shí)能充電，使這個(gè)人真正跟全世界聯(lián)結(jié)了起來(lái)?！?/p>

27.單選題

YesterdayWangWeiguowasinabarfightinwhichhehitapatrolmanattemptingtobreakitup;afterwardshewasquiteupsetwiththepolice,wholethimstayiniailovernight

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasinabarfightinwhich

B.attemptingto

C.breakitup

D.lethimstayiniail

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞誤用。Let改成made。由關(guān)鍵詞“stayinjail呆在監(jiān)獄里”知這里的動(dòng)詞let“讓；允許”在語(yǔ)境上不恰當(dāng)，這里可以改成“made”(make的過(guò)去式)。

28.單選題

Althoughthetrafficisnotbusy,helikestodriveata（）speed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spare

B.fast

C.moderate

D.moral

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。spare“額外的，空閑的”；fast“迅速的”；moderate“適度的，穩(wěn)健的”；moral“有道德的”。句意：盡管交通不擁擠，他喜歡以適中的速度開(kāi)車。由although和notbusy可知空格處應(yīng)填意思與之相反的詞。故C項(xiàng)符合題意。

29.單選題

（）isquitenatural,abeginnercan'treadthebookswritteninEnglishveryquickly.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Which

B.As

C.What

D.It

【答案】B

【解析】句意:初學(xué)者不能很快地閱讀英文原版書是很正常的。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾榉窍拗菩远ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)候，表示“正如那樣”的含義。as指代的是后面的句子“abeginnercan'treadthebookswritteninEnglishveryquickly’’，而此處不用which,是因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中的which不能放在句首。

30.單選題

Whenherealizedthepolicehadspottedhim,theman（）theexitasquicklyaspossible.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.madefor

B.madeout

C.madeupto

D.madeway

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。makefor走向，有快速移動(dòng)的意思；makeout理解，辨認(rèn)出；makeupto接近，奉承；makeway讓路，前進(jìn)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指快速朝出口走去。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

31.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Physicistsaren’toftenreprimandedforusingrisquéhumorintheiracademicwritings,butin1991thatisexactlywhathappenedtothecosmologistAndreiLindeatStanfordUniversity.Hehad_21_adraftarticleentitled“HardArtoftheUniverseCreation”tothejournalNuclearPhysics.Init,heoutlinedthe_22_ofcreatingauniverseinalaboratory:awholenewcosmosthatmightoneday_23_itsownstars,planetsandintelligentlife.Neartheend,Lindemadeaseeminglyflippantsuggestionthatouruniverseitself_24_knockedtogetherbyanalien“physicisthacker”.Thepaper’smoderatorobjectedtothis“dirtyjoke”onthegroundsthatreligiouspeoplemightbeoffendedthatscientistswereaimingtostealthe_25_ofuniverse-makingoutofthehandsofGod.Lindechangedthepaper’stitleandabstractbutheldfirm_26_thelinethatouruniversecouldhavebeenmadebya(an)_27_scientist.

Fast-forwardaquarterofacentury,andthenotionofuniverse-making—or“cosmogenesis”asIdubit—seemslesscomicalthan_28_.I’vetravelledtheworldtalkingtophysicistswhotaketheconcept_29_,andwhohaveevensketchedoutrough