英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類課件

動(dòng)詞的分類動(dòng)詞的分類表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞叫做動(dòng)詞。e.g.Theboyrunsfast.Theboyisastudent.定義表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞叫做動(dòng)詞。定義下面哪些詞不是動(dòng)詞？

raisetheywritethebebecomeremainsshallmyselfwilldonecanmustburningsecondwonderfulcarefornothinguntildreamed下面哪些詞不是動(dòng)詞？raisetheywritet目錄01動(dòng)詞的基本形式系動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞0203040506情態(tài)動(dòng)詞重點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞及詞組目錄01動(dòng)詞的基本形式系動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞02030405

第一部分動(dòng)詞的基本形式PART0101第一部分PART0101

1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾+s

如get→gets;take→takes（一）主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)的動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則

2.以sh,ch,o,s,x,結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾+es

如teach→teaches;fix→fixes;go→goes

3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再+es

如study→studies;try→tries

（a,e,i,o,u是元音字母，其他的21個(gè)都是輔音字母）

4.特殊變化

have---hasbe-----isdo-----does1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾+s（一）主語(yǔ)為第三人稱takeExercise1.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式sitcarryfly/flies/carriesplaysscomesstudy/studiesswimssaydrinksbrusheswashesreadsteachsguesssnowslookplantwatchesfinishspasssesessesestakeExercise1.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式sExercise1.He_____teetheverymorning.A.brushB.brushesC.brushing2._____heswimeveryafternoon?A.DoB.DoesC.Doing3.Myfather______anewbike.

A.haveB.hasC.having4.John________likehisfather.A.lookB.looksC.lookesExercise1.He_____teethe(二)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞后加－ing

work---workingsleep----sleepingstudy----studying2.動(dòng)詞以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，要去e加ing

take-----takingmake-----makingdance-----dancing3.以輔元輔結(jié)尾的，要雙寫末尾字母，再加ing

cut--cuttingput---puttingbegin--beginningstop---stoppingswim---swimmingshop---shoppingsit--sittingget---getting(二)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞后加－ing(二)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞4.以-ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變ie為y再加inglie--lyingtie-----tyingdie-----dying5.特殊

control----controllingtravel----travel(l)ingpicnic----picnicking(二)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞4.以-ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變ie為y再加iExercise1.Theboy____________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls___________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_____________(cook)somenicefoodnow.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They__________(have)anEnglishlesson.isdrawingaresingingiscookingaredoingarehavingExercise1.Theboy____________Exercise6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls_____________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s5o’clocknow.We___________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.aren'twateringaredancingislisteningarehavingIswashingExercise6.They____________(no(三)過去式和過去分詞的構(gòu)成方法1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞后加－ed

work---worked---worked

ask---asked---asked

2.動(dòng)詞以e結(jié)尾，直接加d

like-----liked---liked

3.以輔元輔結(jié)尾的，要雙寫末尾字母，再加ed

stop---stopped---stoppedprefer---preferred---preferred

4.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變y為i，再+ed

carry---carried---carried5.特殊

control----controlledtravel----travel(l)edpicnic----picnicked(三)過去式和過去分詞的構(gòu)成方法1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞Exercise1.Lee________hismobilephoneathome.A.leaveB.leavesC.leavedD.left2._____he________agoodrest?No,hedidn’t.A.Do,hadB.Did,haveC.Did,hadD.Was,had3.Assoonashe________,he______tohisfamily.A.arrived,writesB.arrived,writtenC.arrived,wroteD.arriveds,writeExercise1.Lee________hismoExercise4.Mr.Blackwaslate

becausehe_______hisway.A.lostedB.loseC.losesD.lost5.When______Jack_____schoolthismorning?A.did,gottoB.did,gettoC.did,getD.did,got6.Willyoupleasesayitagain?I____quite____you.A.didn’t,hearB.don’t,heardC.didn’t,heardD.don’t,hearExercise4.Mr.Blackwaslate

Exercise7.Hewentintotheroomand_______thedoor.A.lockB.lockingC.locksD.locked8.—What_____you_______lastweek?—Iboughtabag.A.did,buyB.did,boughtC.do,buyD.do,bought9.Itwasraininghardwhenhe____home.A.gotB.getC.getsD.wasgettingExercise7.Hewentintotheroo構(gòu)成方法原形(現(xiàn)在式）單三形式過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞一般在詞尾加s，ed或ingworktalkworkstalksworkedtalkedworkedtalkedworkingtalking以e結(jié)尾的加s,d或去e加inglivehopeliveshopeslivedhopedlivedhopedlivinghoping以”輔音字母+y“結(jié)尾的，把y變i，再加es,ed或直接加ingstudyworrytrystudiesworriestriesstudiedworriedtriedstudiedworriedtriedstudyingworryingtrying以單輔音結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫該輔音再加ed，ing，單三形式直接加sstopplanstopsplansstoppedplannedstoppedplannedstoppingplanning以r結(jié)尾的重讀音節(jié)，重復(fù)r后再加ed,ing,單三直接加spreferpreferspreferredpreferredpreferring以l結(jié)尾的有時(shí)要重復(fù)后再加ed,ing，單三形式直接加straveltravelstravelledtravelledtravelling構(gòu)成方法原形(現(xiàn)在式）單三形式過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞一般在詞注意：掌握五種形式的變化規(guī)律Iworkinthefactory.Heworksintheoffice.Wearedancingtogether.Icaughtacoldlastweek.Shehaswateredtheflower.

注意：掌握五種形式的變化規(guī)律動(dòng)詞的五種形式原形第三人稱單數(shù)過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞workWriteHavedo自己填填看worksworkedworkedworkingwriteswrotewrittenwritinghashadhadhavingdoesdiddonedoing動(dòng)詞的五種形式原形第三人稱單數(shù)過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞work實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表示行為、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞，具有實(shí)在的意義，又稱為行為動(dòng)詞。如：play,give,listen助動(dòng)詞

幫助實(shí)義動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)和句型的動(dòng)詞。如：do,does,did,will系動(dòng)詞用來幫助說明主語(yǔ)“是什么”或“怎么樣”的動(dòng)詞。如：be,look,smell,taste,sound,feel,become,get情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人情感和態(tài)度的詞，后面接實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形。如：can,may,must,need動(dòng)詞的分類實(shí)義動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞

幫助實(shí)義動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)和句型的動(dòng)詞。如：d

第二部分系動(dòng)詞PART0202第二部分PART0202系動(dòng)詞LinkVerb

系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)用作謂語(yǔ)，后邊必須跟表語(yǔ)（通常為名詞或形容詞），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語(yǔ)的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。e.g.Ilikemusic.

Iaminterestedin

music.系動(dòng)詞LinkVerb系動(dòng)詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨(dú)23系動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)類系動(dòng)詞beTheyarestudents.Heisill.感官類系動(dòng)詞look,sound,smell,taste,feelThiskindofpaperfeelssoft.Thisflowersmellssweet.不及物動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化，繼續(xù)保持或處于原來的狀態(tài)keep，remain，stay，standKeepquiet,please主語(yǔ)終止動(dòng)作，“證明是”prove，turnoutHisadviceproved

right.變化類系動(dòng)詞look,grow，get,fall,go,become,turnIt'sgettingdark.23系動(dòng)詞狀態(tài)類系動(dòng)詞Theyarestudents.1）狀態(tài)類系動(dòng)詞用來表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。意思“是”e.g.Heisateacher.Heisill.1）狀態(tài)類系動(dòng)詞用來表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。意思“是”be動(dòng)詞口訣：我用am，你用areis連著他她它

單數(shù)不可數(shù)記得用is,

復(fù)數(shù)后面are,

are,

are。be動(dòng)詞口訣：is他是一個(gè)男生。Heisaboy.

她是一個(gè)女生。Sheisagirl.

它是一只小狗。Itisadog.

Thepencilislong.

這只筆是長(zhǎng)的。（某物）Kittyisthin.Kitty是痩的。（某人）Themilkiswhite.牛奶是白色的。(不可數(shù)）is他是一個(gè)男生。她是一個(gè)女生。它是一只小狗。ThepenareYouareaboy.

Youarefriends.Theyaremonkeys.

Myeyesarebig.

Wearefriends.

areYouareaboy.Theyaremo用動(dòng)詞am,is,are填空(請(qǐng)注意大小寫)1.Where______Ann?She______here.2.Howold______you?I______thirteen.3.______youMrRead?Yes,I______.4.What______yourname?Myname____FangFang.5.Whatgrade______youin?I______inGradeTwo.isareamisAreisamisareamExercise用動(dòng)詞am,is,are填空(請(qǐng)注意大小寫)isarea1.They

late.A.am

B.is

C.are2.You

astudent.

A.am

B.is

C.are3.Thecloud

white.A.am

B.is

C.are4.I

astudent.

You

ateacher.A.am

is

B.am

are

C.is

are5.We

friends.

A.am

B.is

C.are6.He

myfather.

She

mymother.

They

bothdoctors.

A.isisare

B.amisare

C.isisam1.They

late.be動(dòng)詞的否定句1.Heisateacher.Heis

notateacher.2.Theyaretwins.Theyare

nottwins.be動(dòng)詞后加notbe動(dòng)詞的否定句1.Heisateacher.Hebe動(dòng)詞的縮寫Iam=I’mYouare=You’reHeis=He’sSheis=Weare=Itis=Theyare=She’sWe’reIt’sThey’re否定形式的縮寫：isnot=isn’tarenot=aren’tamnot沒有縮寫形式！be動(dòng)詞的縮寫Iam=I’mYo有Be動(dòng)詞的陳述句改為一般疑問句的

基本步驟(1)HeisJack.SheisMary.找出be動(dòng)詞將be動(dòng)詞放到最前面首字母大寫,原來的首字母改掉,其他照抄句號(hào)改成問號(hào)isSheMary.IssheMary.IssheMary?Ishe

Jack?有Be動(dòng)詞的陳述句改為一般疑問句的

基本步驟(1)Heis有Be動(dòng)詞的陳述句改為一般疑問句的

基本步驟(2)Iam

Lucy.IamMary.找出be動(dòng)詞將be動(dòng)詞放到最前面主語(yǔ)是第一人稱I改為第二人稱you,對(duì)應(yīng)am改成are(my改成your)句號(hào)改成問號(hào)Am

IMary.AreyouMary.AreyouMary?Areyou

Lucy?有Be動(dòng)詞的陳述句改為一般疑問句的

基本步驟(2)Iam一般疑問句（SimpleQuesiton）Itisafish.Theyarefish.Thisisyourbook.Iamastudent.Mysonisateacher.Thisisacar.陳述句一般疑問句Isitafish?Aretheyfish?Isthisyourbook?Areyou

asthdent?Isyour

sonateacher?Isthisacar?一般疑問句（SimpleQuesiton）ItisaShe____fromCanada.

一般疑問句：_________________

肯定回答：___________________

否定回答：__________________

is

縮寫形式：No,sheisnot.Yes,sheis.No,she

isn’t.IsshefromCanada?She____fromCanada.

一般疑問句：_2）感官系動(dòng)詞用來表示人體感官功能的動(dòng)詞，look，feel，sound，seem，taste，smell，這類動(dòng)詞加上形容詞，表示人或事物的特征、性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。e.g.Shelooksbeautiful.Thisflowersmellssweet.2）感官系動(dòng)詞用來表示人體感官功能的動(dòng)詞，look，feel3）不及物動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化，繼續(xù)保持或處于原來的狀態(tài)keep，remain，stay，stande.g.Theweatherremainscold.

Keepquiet,please

天氣依然很冷。

3）不及物動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化，繼續(xù)保持或處于原來的狀態(tài)keep，rem4）變化類系動(dòng)詞look,grow，get,fall,go,become,turne.g.Hisfaceturnedred.The

meat

goesbad.4）變化類系動(dòng)詞look,grow，get,fall,go,5）主語(yǔ)終止動(dòng)作證明是”prove，turnoute.g.Theweatherturnedouttobefine.5）主語(yǔ)終止動(dòng)作證明是”prove，turnoutExercise1.Peter’smother_____anengineer.2.Theweather_______colderandcolder.3.Thedish______good.4.Thestory_________interesting.5.Thedishofyours______delicious.6.He______tobeverysad.7.Thiskindofcloth_______verysoft.8.She_______richwithinashorttime.isturnssoundstastesseemsfeelsgrewsmellsExercise1.Peter’smother_____Exercise1.Thepoorboy____blindattheageofthree.A.turnedB.goesC.becameD.went2.Hisvoice____asifhehasacold.A.soundsB.listensC.hearsD.seems3.WhenIwenthomeyesterday,itwas____dark.A.goingB.gettingC.runningD.coming4.You____verypale.Doyoufeelsick?A.lookedB.lookC.lookingD.arelookedExercise1.Thepoorboy____b

第三部分實(shí)義動(dòng)詞PART0303第三部分PART0303什么是及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞?

實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是表示行為、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞。它的詞義完整，可以單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)中按動(dòng)詞后可否直接跟賓語(yǔ)，可把實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分成及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。1.不及物動(dòng)詞(intransitiveverb)——本身意義完整后面不需跟賓語(yǔ)的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，用vi表示。如：Mywatch

stopped.

2.及物動(dòng)詞(transitiveverb)——后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)意義才完整的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，用vt表示。如：We

planted

manytrees

aroundourschool.什么是及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞?實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是表示行為、動(dòng)1.不及物動(dòng)詞后面不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)Mywatchstopped.Ithappened

inJune，1932.Shespoke

atthemeetingyesterdayevening.Iusedtolive

inthecountryside.Theforeignersarrived

（atourschoolthismorning）.Youmustwait(foryourturn).不及物動(dòng)詞只能用于“主＋謂”結(jié)構(gòu),但是可以加任意狀語(yǔ)?；蛘呃斫獬桑汉竺嫘枰e語(yǔ)時(shí)，必須加上相應(yīng)的介詞，如to,of,at，on,for等。

1.不及物動(dòng)詞后面不能直接跟賓語(yǔ)Mywatchstopp常見的不及物動(dòng)詞go,give，fail，happen,lie,rise,agree,look,succeed,die,rain,come,occur,sit,walk,run,sleep,listen,remain,belong,fall,exist,arrive,sail,hurry....常見的不及物動(dòng)詞go,give，fail，happen,li主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（vi)+介詞+賓語(yǔ)Ilistened,butcouldhearnothing.Everybodylistenedtothelecturewithgreatinterest.不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding_____now. A.remainsB.isremainedC.isremainingD.hasbeenremained主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)（vi)+介詞+賓語(yǔ)Ilistened,bu表示主語(yǔ)本身的性質(zhì)sell,wash,write，cut,open，lock，cook,shut…1)Theclothwasheswell.2)Thepenwritessmoothly.3)Thedoorlockstightly.

常與__________________________連用。well,badly,easily,smoothly表示主語(yǔ)本身的性質(zhì)常與___________________2.及物動(dòng)詞后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)Agirlopened

thedoor.Hereached

Paristhedaybeforeyesterday.Pleasehand

me

thebookoverthere.Theyasked

me

togofishingwiththem.*

及物動(dòng)詞常用于："主＋謂＋賓"；"主＋謂＋雙賓"；"主＋謂＋賓＋賓補(bǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)。2.及物動(dòng)詞后面必須跟賓語(yǔ)Agirlopenedthe

常見的及物動(dòng)詞tell，make,take,hand，buy,like,raise,seat,say,find,have，show,see,give,ask，offer,prevent,regard,teach，promise,forget,receive,catch,dress,found,invent,marry,observe,supply,select,suppose,serve,....常見的及物動(dòng)詞tell，make,take,hand后面只能接動(dòng)詞不定式(todo---)作賓語(yǔ)的及物動(dòng)詞記憶口訣：決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝，主動(dòng)應(yīng)答選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫。decide,learn,want,hope/expect/wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask,help后面只能接動(dòng)詞不定式(todo---)記憶口訣：決心學(xué)會(huì)想后面只能接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)(v-ing)的動(dòng)詞記憶口訣：考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想，避免錯(cuò)過繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成就欣賞，禁止想象才冒險(xiǎn)，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuseadmit,delay/putoff,avoid,miss/keep,practisedeny,finish,enjoy,forbid,imagine,risk,can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape后面只能接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)(v-ing)的動(dòng)詞記憶口訣：考慮建議1.Lilyfinished______thebookyesterday.

A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads2.—Whatareyoubusy______thesedays?—Nothingmuch.

A.doB.doingC.todoD.done3.—Doyouwanttoeatsomething?

—____,thanks.Iamfeelingsicknow.Idon’tfeellike____.

A.Yes;eatingsomethingB.No;toeatanything

C.Yes;toeatanythingD.No;eatinganything4.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeep______untilwemakeit.

A.failedB.failingC.triedD.tryingExercise1.Lilyfinished______thebo后面既能接動(dòng)名詞，又可接動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有：1.begin,start(開始)，like,love,perfer(喜愛),hate(憎恨)，continue(繼續(xù))可以接動(dòng)詞不定式或-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。+todo+doing表示具體的動(dòng)作表示習(xí)慣行為Ilikeswimming.我喜歡游泳。Iliketogoswimming.我現(xiàn)在想去游泳。后面既能接動(dòng)名詞，又可接動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有：1.begin,2.stop(停止)，forget(忘記)，remember(記得)，try(試)，goon(繼續(xù))等動(dòng)詞接不定式和-ing形式意義有區(qū)別。試比較：

stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事

stopdoingsth.停止(正在)做某事

goontodosth.接著做另一件事(已做完一件)

goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做(原來未做完的)某件事）

forgettodosth.忘記去做某事(還未做)

forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事(已經(jīng)做)

remembertodosth.記住去做某事(還未做)

rememberdoingsth.記住曾做過某事2.stop(停止)，forget(忘記)，remembe其他：

trytodosth.盡力做某事

trydoingsth.試著做某事

meantodosth.打算做某事

meandoingsth.意味著某事

can’thelptodosth不能幫忙做某事

can’thelpdoing忍不住做某事Ifyoudon’tfeelwell,youmayjust______

A.stoppedreadingB.stopreadingC.stoppedtoreadD.stoptoread其他：can’thelptodosth1.Mymotheroftenasksme___early.A.getupB.gotupC.gettingupD.togetup2.YesterdayafternoonMrsGreentoldtheboys_____footballintheclassroom.A.didn’tplayB.tonotplayC.notplayD.nottoplay3.Ihearsomeone____atthedoor.Pleasegoandseewho_____is.A.knock;itB.knocking;itC.knocking;heD.knock;heExercise1.Mymotheroftenasksme___ShallIbeginatonce?Shebeganworkingasalibrarianaftersheleftschool.WhendidtheyleaveBeijing?Theyleftlastweek.She’sstudyingmedicine.Shestudieshard.She’stypingaletter.She’styping.Don’tmovemythings.Thetrainismovingnow.意義相同有些動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞。ShallIbeginatonce?意有些動(dòng)詞既可作Shecouldn’tstandthecold.Don’tstandintherain.Washyourhandsbeforemeals.Doesthisclothwashwell.意義不同有些動(dòng)詞既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞。Shecouldn’tstandthecold.意有

第四部分助動(dòng)詞PART0404第四部分PART0404助動(dòng)詞60beWeareworkinghardinthegarden.Look,somegirlsaresingingintheclassroom.do/does/did/doneHedoesn’tliketohavehamburgers.DidyouliveinShanghai?has/hadShehasbeentoBeijingthreetimes.will/shallIwillcallyouthisevening.Whatshallwedonextweek?助動(dòng)詞60beWeareworkinghardin助動(dòng)詞AuxiliaryVerb

助動(dòng)詞，它本身無詞義，不能單獨(dú)使用，作用是協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。e.g.Marydoesn'tlikemusic.

(doesn't是助動(dòng)詞，無詞義

like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有詞義)助動(dòng)詞AuxiliaryVerb助動(dòng)詞，它本身無詞義，We

are

havinganEnglishclass.Ihave

seenthefilm.Hedidn’t

gohomelastnight.Wewill

flyforAfricanextmonth.

幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~have構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~see構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~go構(gòu)成一般過去時(shí)幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~fly構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí)WearehavinganEnglishclasHe

was

senttoEngland.Iwould

flytoCanadaifIwereabird.HadIlivedinLondon,Iwould

havebeentoLondonBridge.幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~send構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成虛擬語(yǔ)氣幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成虛擬語(yǔ)氣HewassenttoEngland.幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~s1.助動(dòng)詞be的用法1）be+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

Theyarehaving

ameeting.

Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.2）be+過去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom..窗戶是湯姆打碎的。Englishistaught

throughouttheworld.世界各地都教英語(yǔ)。3）be+動(dòng)詞不定式，可表示下列內(nèi)容：a.表示最近、未來的計(jì)劃或安排。

Heistogo

toNewYorknextweek..他下周要去紐約。Wearetoteach

thefreshmen.我們要教新生。

1.助動(dòng)詞be的用法1）be+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1.助動(dòng)詞be的用法1）be+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)

Theyarehaving

ameeting.

Englishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.2）be+過去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom..窗戶是湯姆打碎的。Englishistaught

throughouttheworld.世界各地都教英語(yǔ)。3）be+動(dòng)詞不定式，可表示下列內(nèi)容：a.表示最近、未來的計(jì)劃或安排。

Heistogo

toNewYorknextweek..他下周要去紐約。Wearetoteach

thefreshmen.我們要教新生。

1.助動(dòng)詞be的用法1）be+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)1.助動(dòng)詞be的用法b.表示命令

Youaretoexplainthis.對(duì)此你要做出解釋。

Heistocometotheofficethisafternoon.

要他今天下午來辦公室。c.征求意見

HowamItoanswerhim?

我該怎樣答復(fù)他？

Whoistogothere?

誰(shuí)該去那兒呢？d.表示相約、商定

Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatseventomorrowmorning.

我們明天早晨7點(diǎn)在校門口集合。1.助動(dòng)詞be的用法b.表示命令1.Whatareyoudoing?I’m_____aninterestingbook.A.looking

B.seeing

C.reading

2.Don’ttalkhere.Mygrandmother_____.A.issleeping

B.aresleeping

C.sleeping

D.sleep3.Listen!Thebirds___inthetree.A.sing

B.singing

C.issinging

D.aresinging4.Tea______inthesouthofChina.A.grows

B.isgrown

C.weregrown

D.willgrow5.Thebridges______twoyearsago.A.isbuilt

B.built

C.werebuilt

D.wasbuiltExercise1.Whatareyoudoing?I’m____2.助動(dòng)詞have的用法1）have+過去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。HehasleftforLondon.他已去了倫敦。2）have+been+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.3）have+been+過去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。EnglishhasbeentaughtinChinaformanyyears.2.助動(dòng)詞have的用法1）have+過去分詞，構(gòu)成完成1.Ourcountry_____sofar.-Yes,Ihopeitwillbeeven_____.A.haschanged;well

B.changed;good

C.haschanged;better

D.changed;better2.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm,I_____ittwice.A.willsee

B.haveseen

C.saw

D.see3._____you____yourhomeworkyet?-Yes,I______itamomentago.A.did;do;finished

B.have;done;finished

C.have;done;havefinished

D.will;do;finishExercise1.Ourcountry_____sofar.Exe3.助動(dòng)詞do的用法1）構(gòu)成一般疑問句。

DoyouwanttopasstheCET?

2）do+not構(gòu)成否定句。Hedoesn'tliketostudy.

如果句子中沒有be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需要借助助動(dòng)詞do,does或did，將它們放在句首，并將句中實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵危糁髡Z(yǔ)為第一人稱I，

則改為第二人稱you，my改成your!◆注意：do,does,did后面必須使用動(dòng)詞原形。3.助動(dòng)詞do的用法1）構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如果句子中沒有b各種句式1.Myparents/I

usuallytakeawalkafterdinner.Do

yourparents/youusuallytakeawalkafterdinner?-Yes,they/I

do./Nothey/I

don’t2.Jackusuallytakesawalkafterdinner.-Yes,he

does./Nohedoesn’tDoesJackusually

takeawalkafterdinner?3.Mike

wenttoschoolbybuslastweek.DidMike

gotoschoolbybuslastweek?Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.4.TheygotoschoolbybusonweekdaysThey

don’tgotoschoolbybusonweekdays.一般疑問句一般疑問句一般疑問句陳述句回答回答回答陳述句陳述句陳述句否定句各種句式1.Myparents/Iusuallyta1.TomandI______speakChinese.A.doB.don'tC.doesD.doesn't2.Lucydoesn't_______yellow.A.likeB.likesC.haslikedD.liked3.What______they_____onSundays？

A.does；doesB.do;doC.does;doD.do;does4.Doyoulikered?-______

A.Yes,idon'tB.Yes,idoC.No,idoD.No,idoesn'tExercise1.TomandI______speakChi3.助動(dòng)詞do的用法3）構(gòu)成否定祈使句。Don'tbesoabsent-minded.不要這么心不在焉說明：構(gòu)成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。4）放在動(dòng)詞原形前，加強(qiáng)該動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣。Docometomybirthdayparty.

Ididgothere.我確實(shí)去那兒了。5）用于倒裝句。

NeverdidIhearofsuchathing.

3.助動(dòng)詞do的用法3）構(gòu)成否定祈使句。4.助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法shall和will作為助動(dòng)詞可以與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí)。

1.Shall在問句中,用于一，三人稱，征求對(duì)方意見…好嗎?要不要…？

ShallIhelpyoucarrythatbox?Shallwegooutforamealtonight?2.will主要構(gòu)成將來時(shí)。

HewillgotoShanghai.3.should無詞義，只是shall的過去形式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過去將來時(shí)，只用于第一人稱。ItelephonedhimyesterdaytoaskwhatIshoulddonextweek.4.would也無詞義，是will的過去形式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過去將來時(shí)，用于第二、第三人稱。Hesaidhewouldcome.

4.助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法shall和will作1.----____hecomeinorwaitoutside?----Lethimin,please.A.ShallB.WillC.DoesD.Has2.—Theroomissodirty.____wecleanit?

—Ofcourse.A.Will

B.Shall

C.Would

D.Do3.Thestudents_______ifitdoesn'traintomorrow.

A.willplanttreesB.planttreesC.wouldplanttreesD.plantstreesExercise1.----____hecomeinorwait

第五部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞PART0505第五部分PART0505123情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)，如請(qǐng)求、命令、愿望、能力以及可能性等。英語(yǔ)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：can/couldmay/mightmust能夠可能必須shall/shouldwill/would應(yīng)該意愿敢needhaveto需要不得不123情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人的語(yǔ)氣或情態(tài)，如請(qǐng)求、命令、愿望、能

肯定

否定

縮寫否定

can

cannot

can’t

couldcouldnot

couldn’t

maymaynot

/

mightmightnot

mightn’t

must

mustnot

mustn’t

shouldshouldnotshouldn’t

needneednotneedn’t肯定否定縮寫否定cancannotccan1.表示能力時(shí)，意為“能、會(huì)”can指現(xiàn)在，could指過去。2.表示請(qǐng)求或許可時(shí)，意為“可以“could代替can使語(yǔ)氣更委婉。3.表示猜測(cè)時(shí)，意為“可能”。往往用于否定句和疑問句。用于疑問句時(shí)，can比could的可能性大，用于否定句時(shí)cannot表示“不可能”can`tbe一定不是。Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’tlastyear.Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?Wherecanshegonow?Itcan`tbemyteacher.Heisinhisofficenow.一學(xué)就會(huì)can1.表示能力時(shí)，意為“能、會(huì)”can指現(xiàn)在，coulcan4.can’t/couldn’thavedone表示對(duì)過去情況的否定推測(cè),意為“過去不可能做過某事”5.can/couldhavedone表對(duì)過去的推測(cè)，意為“過去可能做了某事”。couldhavedone還可以表示對(duì)過去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，意為“本能夠做某事可事實(shí)上未做”①M(fèi)arycan’thavewrittenareportlikethis.②Shecan’thavegonetoschool,itisSunday.①It’sapity.Yourclasscouldhavegotthefirstprize.②WherecanMaryhavegone?一學(xué)就會(huì)can4.can’t/couldn’thavedo1.Mike____beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may2.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must3.Mysistermethimatthecinemayesterdayafternoon,sohe____yourlecture.A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattendedExercise1.Mike____beapoliceman,f5.There’ssomeoneoutside.Who____itbe?A.canB.needC.mayD.must6.----IsJackondutytoday?----It____behim.It’shisturntomorrow.A.mustn’tB.won’tC.can’tD.needn’t7.Itisusuallywarminmyhometown,butit____berathercoldsometimes.A.canB.needC.dareD.mustExercise5.There’ssomeoneoutside.Wh

may1.表示請(qǐng)求或允許時(shí)，意為“可以、準(zhǔn)許”。否定式是mustn't2.表示推測(cè)時(shí)，意為“可能、也許”。3.may的過去式為might，表示推測(cè)時(shí)，可能性低于may。MayIgohome,please?Yes,youcan./No,youmustn`tIthinkitmayrainthisafternoon.我想今天下午可能下雨。Hemightnotcometoday.

今天他也許不來了。may1.表示請(qǐng)求或允許時(shí)，意為“可以、準(zhǔn)許”。2.表

may4.may/mighthavedone

表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生過的事情的推測(cè)，意為“可能已經(jīng)做過某事”5.

may/mightaswell+動(dòng)詞原形“…還是…的好”“不妨干某事”Ican’tfindmysunglasses.Imay/mighthavelefttheminyouroffice.Youmayaswellgoandhavealook.may4.may/mighthavedone表示對(duì)過1.SorryI'mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.should

C.canD.will2.Peter_____comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.

A.mustB.mayC.canD.willExercise1.SorryI'mlate.I_____havemust1.表示義務(wù)、必要或命令時(shí)，意為“必須，應(yīng)該”。2.表示推測(cè)時(shí)，意為“肯定，一定”用mustbe。3.mustnot(mustn’t)表示禁止，意為“不能，不許”。must否定式是needn'tYoumustcomeearlytomorrow.Theymustbeathome.Thelightison.Youmustnottelllies.MustIcomebefore6:30tomorrow?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn`t.must1.表示義務(wù)、必要或命令時(shí)，意為“必須，應(yīng)該”。21.--What’sthematterwiththemanhanginghisheadthere?---Well.Ifyou___know,hewascaughtstealingmybike.A.mustB.mayC.canD.shall2.Mustwecleanthehousenow?

No,you_______.A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can't3.—MustIfinishtheworktoday?—No,you_____.You_____finishittomorrow.A.mustn’t;must B.needn’t;may C.can’t;mayExercise1.--What’sthematterwiththeshould1.用于表勸告、建議。意為”應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)”。但在疑問句中常用should2.

shouldhavedone本應(yīng)該做某事可事實(shí)未做

shouldn’thavedone本不該做某事可事實(shí)卻做了needn’thavedone本不必做某事可事實(shí)卻做了MayIgohome,please?Yes,youcan./No,youmustn`t①Youshouldhaveinvitedmetothepartyyesterday.②Youareright.IShouldhavethoughtofthat.③Youshouldn’thaveeatenallthecakesinoneday.should1.用于表勸告、建議。意為”應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)”。但1.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_____besorudetoalady.A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must2.----WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.----They_____bereadyby12:00A.canB.should C.might D.needExercise1.Youcan’timaginethatawel

ExerciseExercise1.--_______Iaskyouaquestion?--SureA.MayB.DoC.ShouldD.Am2.—CanIgotothepark,Mum?--Certainly.Butyou________bebackbysixo’clock.A.canB.mayC.willD.must3.____youdance?Weneedsomemoredancersforthetalentshow.A.MayB.CanC.MustD.Should4.I’mafraidIneedapairofglasses.I______hardlyseethewordsontheblackboard.A.canB.mustC.mayD.should1.--_______Iaskyouaquesti5.You________crosstheroadnow.Youhavetowaituntilthelightturnsgreen.